Saint Anne Catholic Church Name (Please Print): Fill & Download for Free

France did not even TRY to retake the colony of Canada afterwards, at least as long as it was the Kingdom. However the Republic and the Empire did start modest attempts in that direction.During the Seven Years War, Bougainville (the French equivalent to the captain Cook) was sent by Montcalm to France to get more troops and he was told that one does not save the stables when the main house is in fire. France was at war in Europe and had little troops to spare for a worthless colony. The Kingdom after the Conquest would not want to take back the colony of Canada and would only care of conquering the English sugar islands in the Caribbeans.Read the articles 5 and 6 of the Treaty of Alliance with the United States of America of 1778 :ART. V.If the United States should think fit to attempt the reduction of the British power, remaining in the northern parts of America, or the islands of Bermudas, those countries or islands in case of success, shall be confederated with, or dependant upon the said United States.ART. VI.The Most Christian King renounces for ever the possession of the islands of Bermudas, as well as of any part of the continent of North America, which before the treaty of Paris in 1763, or in virtue of that treaty, were acknowledged to belong to the crown of Great Britain, or to the United States, heretofore called British colonies, or which are at this time, or have lately been under the power of the king and crown of Great Britain.ART. VII.If his Most Christian Majesty shall think proper to attack any of the islands situated in the Gulph of Mexico, or near that Gulph, which are at present under the power of Great Britain, all the said isles, in case of success, shall appertain to the crown of France.A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation: U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates, 1774The Foreign Affairs State Secretary of France, Charles Gravier, count of Vergennes, gave secret instructions to Conrad-Alexandre Gérard, representative of the King Louis the XVIth in the Continental Congress:« Les députés du Congrès avaient proposé au roi de prendre l’engagement de favoriser la conquête que les Américains entreprendraient du Canada, de la Nouvelle-Écosse et des Florides, et il y a lieu de croire que ce projet tient fort à cœur au Congrès. Mais le roi a considéré que la possession de ces trois contrées ou au moins du Canada par l’Angleterre serait un principe utile d’inquiétude et de vigilance pour les Américains, qu’il leur fera sentir davantage tout le besoin qu’ils ont de l’amitié et de l’alliance du roi et qu’il n’est pas de son intérêt de le détruire. D’après cela, Sa Majesté pense qu’elle ne doit prendre aucun engagement relativement à la conquête dont il s’agit. »“The representatives of the Congress had proposed to the king to take the commitment to favour the conquest that the Americans would undertake of Canada, of Nova Scotia and of the Floridas, and there are reasons to believe that this project matters to the Congress. But the king considered that the possession of these three countries or at least Canada by England would be an useful principle of worry and vigilance for the Americans, that it will make them feel more the need they have for the friendship and the alliance of the king and that it would not be in their interest to destroy it. After that, His Majesty thinks that he must not take any commitment in relation to the conquest it is about.”So basically, the English presence in the British colony of Québec was to remain to make the US afraid just enough to make sure they will keep being allied to France.The French admiral Henri, count of Estaing got instructions about how to deal with Canada:« Tout en m’ordonnant de me prêter à l’expédition du Canada et en me disant que Sa Majesté ne m’astreint pas rigoureusement à ce que les instructions précédentes me prescrivent, chaque expression désigne la répugnance que le roi a pour cette entreprise […] Refus que je dois faire de contribuer à la conquête du Canada autrement que par une croisière et par des attaques de postes ; mais dans le cas où je serais convaincu que les États réussiraient dans cette attaque, autorisation de donner des déclarations au nom du roi pour promettre au Canadiens et aux Sauvages la protection de Sa Majesté s’ils cessent de reconnaître la suprématie de l’Angleterre. »“While giving me the order to take part to the expedition of Canada and telling me that His Majesty does not rigorously compel me to what the previous instructions prescribe to me, each expressions points out the distaste that the king has to this endeavor […] Refusal that I must do to contribute to the conquest of Canada otherwise than by a cruise and by attacks of posts; but in the event I would be convinced the States would succeed in that attack, authorization to give declarations from His Majesty to the Canadiens and to the Savages to promise the protection of His Majesty if they stop acknowledging the supremacy of England.”So this is following these orders that the admiral printed on his boat the 28th of October 1778 letters to the Canadiens:“J’ai l’honneur de vous rendre compte que j’ai choisi pour publier la déclaration énoncée dans mes instructions le temps le plus rapproché de celui du départ de l’escadre du roi, et le moment où quelques sauvages sont venus de très loin pour s’assurer par eux-mêmes et pour savoir à bord si nous étions bien réellement des Français, pour demander à voir le pavillon blanc dont l’aspect les fait toujours danser, à entendre la messe dont ils étaient privés depuis 17 ans, à recevoir l’accolade du révérend père récollet qui est notre aumônier, sans parler de quelques fusils, de la poudre, des balles et de l’eau-de-vie dont ils ne se sont occupés qu’avec modération, mais qu’ils ont acceptée avec grand plaisir. […]Vous êtes nés Français, vous n'avez pu cesser de l'être […]Je ne ferai point sentir à tout un peuple, car tout un peuple, quand il acquiert le droit de penser et d'agir, connaît son intérêt; que se lier avec les États-Unis, c'est s'assurer son bonheur; mais je déclarerai, comme je le déclare solennellement au nom de Sa Majesté qui m'y a autorisé et qui m'a ordonné de le faire, que tous ses anciens sujets de l'Amérique septentrionale qui ne reconnaîtront plus la suprématie de l'Angleterre peuvent compter sur sa protection et son appui. »“I am honored to give a report that I chose to publish the declaration evoked in my instructions the closest time to the one of the depart of the king’s squadron, and the moment in which a few savages came from very far to make sure for themselves and to know on board if we really were French, to ask to see the white jack whose appearance makes them dance, to hear the mass of which they were deprived since 17 years, to receive the embrace of the reverend récollet father that is our chaplain, not to mention some rifles, powder, bullets and eau de vie of which they took care only with moderation, but that they accepted with great pleasure. […]You are born French, you cannot have stopped to be so […]I will not make feel to an entire people, because an entire people, when it acquires the right to think and act, knows its interest; that to bond itself with the United States, it is ensuring its happiness; but I will declare, like I solemnly declare under the name of His Majesty that allowed me to and ordered me to, that all his old subjects of northern [septentrionale] America that will not acknowledge the supremacy of England can count on his protection and his support.”This letter was indeed displayed on the doors of many churches. The priest of Lotbinière, the abbot Gatien, even warmly received the emissaries of the US. The copies found in Saint-Denis and Saint-Ours were sent to the English governor Haldimand.So far the clergy had sided in 1775 with the English because the Bostonian rebels were a bunch of heretics and that their guarantees to the safety of the catholic religion were more uncertain… but now they read that letter… they loyalty to the English was more shaky and now siding with the US was an option…One priest, the abbot Pierre Huet de La Valinière, priest of the parish of Sainte-Anne-du-Sud was even expelled because his allegiance to the rebels was too obvious and they sent him to Portsmouth (and one the boats he had only the 2/3rd of a soldier’s rations) and after many adventures ended up in Paris. He will come back to Québec in 1792.Around 1780, a weird rumour started to circulate in Québec : the oath of allegiance done to the king of England in 1759-1763 was only lasting for 21 years, after which the Canadiens would get their freedom back! They believed that after the 21th of July 1780, they would be freed from their oath to Britain! How convenient!Of course not all the French agreed to not attempt a reconquest. The engineer Jean-Nicolas Desandrouins, who fought during the 1758 battle of Carillon, wrote a memoir to the chevalier Gaston de Lévis in which he said he tried to convince the French government to besiege Québec City. He did not believe Washington would be able to take Québec City (and indeed they failed their siege).The 27th of January 1793, Jean Basset, an inhabitant of Provence, presented to the Convention nationale in Paris a memoir in which it was said:« les Indiens, les Canadiens et les Illinois haïssent cordialement les Anglais [et que] tous sont nos amis et désirent nous voir entrer en possession du Canada »“the Indians, the Canadiens and the Illinois cordially hate the English [and that] all are our friends and desire to see us enter in possession of Canada”It was not the only memoir the French Republic got that spoke of taking back Canada. Jean-Baptiste Nairac from La Rochelle wrote:« la conquête du Canada peut être faite sans la perte d’un seul homme »“the conquest of Canada can be done without losing a single man”The 5th of February 1793, he also wrote a letter to the Comité du Salut public saying:« Le sang français coule dans les veines de nos frères séparés du Canada. Ils se réuniront sous les bannières de la République lorsqu’ils les verront flotter au milieu d’eux. Vous aurez également bientôt vers vous les braves Sauvages, ces hommes de la nature chez lesquels les affections ne se corrompent point, et ces liens de fraternité une fois formés, sont éternels. Jamais leurs cœurs ne se sont tournés sincèrement vers les Anglais. »“The French blood runs in the veins of our separated brothers of Canada. They will reunite under the banners of the Republic when they will see them float among them. You will also have coming to you the brave Savages, these men of the nature in which the affections do not get corrupted, and these bonds of fraternity once formed, are eternal. Never their hearts will be sincerely turned towards the English.”It was not completely false. In the parish of Saint-François-de-la-Rivière-du-Sud, a certain Michel Arbour refused to acknowledge he was a subject of the King of Great Britain and so the priest menaced to refuse to him the sacrements.In February 1795, the lord Étienne Cébet, born in New France, also presented to the Convention nationale a memoir talking of a reconquest:« La réunion du Canada à la République soit par la force des armes soit par la loi que la Convention nationale peut donner à une nation rivale et sans foi et elle n’a qu’à le vouloir, rapprocherait et resserrerait les liens avec une puissance voisine et amie qui a reconquis sa liberté ; une communication de propriétés ferait disparaître ces guerres intestines alimentées par l’astuce et la perfidie et qui désolent les frontières des États-Unis d’Amérique. Le Sauvage, ami des Français, rentrerait paisible dans sa cabane et reporterait indifféremment aux deux nations voisines les fruits de sa chasse et de sa pêche, et ses vrais enfants de la liberté fraterniseraient comme autrefois avec les deux peuples avec cette franchise, cette aménité que n’offrait qu’une même famille. »“The reunion of Canada to the Republic either by the force of the weapons or by the law the Convention nationale can give to a rival and untrustworthy nation and it only has to will it, would bring closer and tighten the bonds with a neighboring and friendly power that reconquered its liberty; a communication of properties would make these internal wars fanned by the shrewdness and perfidy that desolate the borders of the United States of America disappear. The Savage, friend of the French, would come back peacefully to his shack and would indifferently bring the fruits of his hunting and his fishing, and her true children of liberty would fraternize like before with the two peoples with this freedom, this amenity that only offered a single family.”In 1795, the Duke of Larochefoucauld-Liancourt came to the United States and analyzed the sentiments of the Canadiens towards France in his Voyage dans les États-Unis d’Amérique:« L’opinion qui prévaut le plus sur le Canada, parmi les officiers [britanniques], est que ce pays n’est et ne sera jamais qu’une charge onéreuse pour l’Angleterre. […] Ils disent que les Canadiens ne seront jamais un peuple attaché à l’Angleterre ; qu’ils laissent à chaque instant percer leur attachement pour la France, tout en convenant qu’ils sont mieux traités par le gouvernement anglais ; que, s’il fallait lever une milice pour marcher en temps de guerre, la moitié ne s’armerait pas contre les Américains, aucun peut-être contre les Français. […] La première classe [de la population], composée des seigneurs et des hommes attachés au gouvernement anglais, hait la révolution française dans tous ses principes, et paraît plus exagérée sur ce point que le ministère anglais lui-même. La seconde classe des Canadiens, opposée aux seigneurs et aux seigneuries, aime la révolution française, et quant à ses crimes, ils les détestent sans cesser d’aimer la France. La troisième, c’est-à-dire la dernière classe, aime la France et les Français, sans penser à la révolution, et sans en rien savoir. »“The opinion that prevails the most on Canada among the [British] officers is that this country is not and will never be nothing more than costly charge for England. […] They say that the Canadiens will never be a people attached to England; that they let their attachment to France appear at every moment, while agreeing that they are better treated by the English government; that, if it was necessary to levy a militia to march in time of war, half would not arm against the Americans, maybe none against the French. […] The first class [of the population], made of lords and of men attached to the English government, hates the French Revolution in all its principles, and seems more exaggerated than the English ministry itself. The second class of the Canadiens, opposed to the lords and to the lordships, likes the French Revolution, and as to its crimes, they hate them without stopping to love France. The third, meaning the last class, likes France and the French, without thinking of the revolution, and without knowing anything about it.”The famous citoyen Genêt (Edmond-Charles Genêt), representative of the French Republic in Philadelphia that put the US in so much embarrassment, had the mission to unite Canada to the US. Genêt was assisted by a 21 years old Canadien called Henry-Antoine Mézière.In a letter to the French consul in Boston Dannery, Genêt wrote the following the 7th of June 1793:« Le meilleur moyen [d’inciter les Canadiens à se soulever] sera, je pense, de leur envoyer des adresses et des imprimés susceptibles de faire lever dans leurs cœurs la foi sacrée en la liberté. Je m’occupe en ce moment à préparer l’un de ces adresses en français et en anglais ; vous la ferez imprimer à Boston et votre zèle découvrira les canaux qui doivent être employés pour la distribuer au Canada. Un jeune habitant de ce pays, le citoyen qui est venu ici se jeter dans mes bras, sera très utile à cette fin. Il est instruit, un ardent républicain et connaît bien son pays, qu’il dut quitter à la suite de l’inquisition que les Anglais exercent là-bas et à cause des opinions aristocratiques de son père. »“The best way to [incite the Canadiens to revolt] will be, I think, to send them addresses and prints susceptibles to arise in their hearts the sacred faith in freedom. I am taking care at the moment to prepare one of those addresses in French and in English; you will make it printed in Boston and your zeal will discover the channels that must be used to distribute it to Canada. A young inhabitant of this country, the citizen that came to fall on my neck, will be very useful to this end. He is educated, an ardent republican and knows well his country, that he had to leave following the inquisition that the English are exercing there and due to the aristocratic opinions of his father.”The citoyen Genêt therefore had this letter sent to Lower Canada:Les Français libres à leurs frères les CanadiensBoth the French and the USAmericans were deluded when they thought that letters would be so influential on the Canadiens. Remember that even in 1820–1829, only 21 % of the population could read !In 1776, Prudent Lajeunesse had explained very well what the problem was to the Continental Congress : people can’t read. Lajeunesse had told the Continental Congress that they should send people to explain face-to-face what was going on in the rest of the world and what were the issues, because printed letters were ineffective.Thomas de La Marnierre (トマ・サレ)'s answer to How come the Canadian or Caribbean parts of the British Empire didn't send any representatives to the Continental Congress in the late 1700s?The citoyen Genêt sought to use the fleet that mutinied against the monarchy in Saint-Domingue to reconquer Lower Canada. The vessels were to go to Newfoundland, attack English fisheries, then take the island of Saint-Pierre, burn Halifax and go upstream to Québec City. The fleet went to France instead of going to Newfoundland.In 1795, a Canadien of the parish of Laprairie, maybe Jean-Baptiste Norau, wrote to the consul of the French Republic in New York :« Recevez les vœux de la plus grande partie des Canadiens. Ils aiment tous la France, détestent l’Anglais et désirent ardemment de se voir réunis à la mère patrie dont ils ont été séparés depuis trop longtemps. Ils voient avec peine que la Convention paraît les oublier depuis qu’ils gémissent sous le joug anglais. […] Les citoyens ci-après nommés entraînent avec eux le suffrage de tous nos habitants, bons patriotes et bons guerriers, ils se réuniront avec les Français qui viendront les arracher au joug anglais au premier signal. Ils seront suivis de tous ceux qu’il est impossible de nommer ici mais qui ont tous le même courage et le même amour pour la France et pour les Français. J’ajouterais que tous m’ont chargé d’offrir aux Français leurs cœurs et leurs bras et que, s’ils eussent pu le faire sans risques, je serais muni de la signature de tous. [Joseph] Papineau à Montréal, Delisle et fils, Perreau à Québec Dorion, Roy, la paroisse de Laprairie entière dont je suis membre. »“Receive the wishes of the greatest part of the Canadiens. They all like France, hate the English and ardently desire to be reunited to the motherland from which they were separated since far too long. They see with sadness that the Convention seems to forget them since they whine under the English yoke. […] The citizens named hereinafter will bring about the suffrage of all of our inhabitants, good patriots and good warriors, they will reunite with the French that will come to pull them off the English yoke at the first signal. They will be followed by all those that are impossible to name here but that all have the same courage and the same love for France and for the French. I would add that all tasked me to offer to the French their hearts and their arms and that, if they could have done it without risks, I would be supplied with the signatures of all. [Joseph] Papineau in Montréal, Delisle & son, Perreau in Québec City, Dorion, Roy, the entire parish of Laprairie of which I am a member of.”In France, the Directoire decided to ship weapons to the Canadiens. In August 1796, the Directoire agreed to give to certain Mr. Ira Allen of Vermont 200 000 francs to buy 20 000 rifles and 24 canons that officially were supposed to be to the Vermont militia. In reality, an army of Vermonter, Canadiens and French would invade from Vermont and start by taking the fort Saint-Jean of Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu.A ship called the Olive Branch left Ostend for that purpose, but was intercepted by an English ship and brought to Portsmouth. The weapons were intercepted by the English.Some Canadiens identified to the French Convention nationale. It must also be said that in 1796 there was major rejection of a new law about new royal roads. It was controversial because it included punishments to those that would not take care of the roads and the law was happening at the same time people were hearing about a possible reconquest by the French.For example, in 1796, the inhabitants of Saint-Jean-Port-Joli Charles Dupoleau, André Dupoleau dit Duval, François Chamard and Jean Deschênes would say « Vive la liberté ! Nous sommes de la Convention nationale, nous brisons tout ce que nous rencontrons. » (“Long life freedom! We are from the Convention nationale, we break off everything that we encounter.”) They treated with contempt any Canadien that had a charge from the English government.In August 1796, inhabitants of Québec City would refuse to perform the corvées for the royal roads (a new controversial law) and would remove the wheels of their carts.In September 1796, there was a rumor that a French fleet would come. 7 French officers would have tried to enter from Rouse’s Point in the forest. Two Canadiens, Joseph Du Calvet and Jean-Baptiste Louisneau, were even proclaimed lieutenants in the « Armée française d’outre-mer ». There were arrests in many parishes and in Montréal in relation to this movement.In Lachine (on the Montréal island), a certain Nicolas Despelteau in October 1796 was doing agitation so that people would start an insurrection against the English. The priest Pierre Denaut of Longueuil wrote:« Les nouvelles de Québec, d’une invasion des Français dans cette province, ont porté la crainte dans le cœur de plusieurs et la joie dans le plus grand nombre. Tous les habitants le désirent. Nous touchons, on dirait, au moment d’une révolution pareille à celle de la France ; des attroupements considérables d’habitants de presque tous les endroits se sont faits tous les jours depuis dimanche ; ils refusent absolument de se soumettre à la loi portée par le bill des chemins. Hier, ils se sont opposés à la prise d’un nommé Berthelot déjà sous la loi ; ils ont saisi rudement le shérif Gray, bourrassé son neveu Ermintinger et mis en fuite le baillif. Tous ont refusé de le cautionner ; on dit qu’ils doivent encore s’attrouper demain en plus grand nombre ; sans doute ils seront plusieurs mille. Les magistrats sont très embarrassés. Videbitur infra. La révolution, dit l’histoire, a commencé par des attroupements de femmes affamées, que ne doit-on pas craindre d’hommes entêtés. »“The news from Québec City of an invasion of the French in this province, struck fear in the hearts of many and joy in the greatest number. All the inhabitants desire it. We are touching, it seems, to the moment of a revolution similar to that of France; considerable gatherings of inhabitants from almost all the places were done everyday since sunday; they absolutely refuse to submit to the law carried by the roads bill. Yesterday, they opposed to the capture of a certain Berthelot already under the law; they harshly seized the sherif Gray, mistreated his nephew Ermintinger and made the baillit run away. All refused to caution him; said that they must gather again tomorrow in greater number, no doubt they will be many thousands. Magistrates are very embarrassed. Videbitur infra. Revolution, says history, started by gatherings of famished women, what must we not be afraid of from stubborn men.In a letter of the 24th of October 1796, the lieutenant governor Prescott wrote:(Translated in French)« Il ne faut pas que j’oublie de dire ici, qu’il y a de fortes raisons de croire que des émissaires de M. [Pierre-Auguste] Adet, le ministre français aux États-Unis, se sont introduits dans la province. Jusqu’à présent, ils se sont dérobés à tous les efforts faits pour les découvrir et l’asile secret qu’ils ont trouvé ne montre que trop bien qu’il existe dans les basses classes de la population une disposition favorable à leur cause. M. Adet lui-même est venu dernièrement sur les frontières de la province. À ces circonstances, je puis ajouter que, tout récemment, la nouvelle de la présence d’une escadre française sur les côtes a été accueillie avec une satisfaction marquée par beaucoup de gens d’ici et qu’elle a encouragé les désordres à Montréal. »I retranslate back:“I must not forget to tell here, that there are strong reasons to believe emissaries of Mr [Pierre-Auguste] Adet, the French minister in the United States, introduced themselves in the province. Until now, they evaded all the efforts to discover them and the secret asylum they found shows only too well that there exist in the low classes of the population a favorable disposition to their cause. Mr Adet himself came recently on the borders of the province. To these circumstances, I may add that, very recently, the news of the presence of a French squadron on the coasts was welcomed with a marked satisfaction from many people from here and that it encouraged disorders in Montréal.”(I would prefer the original text but it’s not always easy to find them.)This agitation in all the regions of Québec was due to a pamphlet that circulated then that ended by « On n’entendra bientôt que le cri de Vive la République ! depuis le Canada jusqu’à Paris. » (“We will soon hear only the cry of Long life the Republic! from Canada to Paris.”)It kept going like that in 1797. Inhabitants of the Pointe-Lévis would rebel against the people that enforced the royal roads act and would free their prisoners. The inhabitants there said they were 300 armed men and that they would not comply. So you had open acts of defiance to the government.Also in 1797, Charles Fréchette and David McLane tried to ignite a revolution. McLane was arrested, then hung, and his body was decapitated and his entrails burned.The 2nd of December 1803, the general consul of Great Britain in New York Barclay advised the lieutenant governor Robert Milnes of Lower Canada that Jérôme Bonaparte, the brother of Napoléon, wanted to go to Albany to enter in communication with the Canadiens of Lower Canada.When Jérôme Bonaparte was in New York, he apparently planned to get started a fleet to invade Lower Canada using boats that were destined to go to Saint-Domingue, but the project was cancelled.The 1st of March 1805, 12 inhabitants of Saint-Constant signed a petition to ask Napoléon to free the Canadiens from the English.« Sire, deux de nos compatriotes, Jean-Baptiste Norau, âgé de soixante-quatre ans, et Jean-Baptiste Norau, son fils, âgé de vingt-deux ans, se rendent en France pour faire connaître à Votre Majesté par l’organe de ses ministres les intentions bien prononcées du peuple canadien de retourner sous l’Empire de la France et de porter de nouveau le nom glorieux de Français. Nous avions projeté, Sire, de secouer le joug des Anglais ; nous attendions des fusils pour nous armer et frapper un coup sûr. Mais notre espoir a été trompé. La surveillance des Milords, des Lords et des salariés de tout genre échouerait contre notre réunion et nos efforts, sous un bon général français, pénétré de ses devoirs et guidé par l’honneur. Nous assurons Votre Majesté que nous sommes disposés à subvenir aux frais que cette entreprise exigera. […] Sire, nous attendons de votre sollicitude paternelle que la paix ne se fera pas, sans que nous ayons repris le nom de Français Canadiens. Nous sommes prêts à tout entreprendre à la première vue des Français que nous regardons toujours comme nos frères. Agréez, Sire, les vœux ardents que nous adressons au ciel pour le long règne de Votre Majesté. Recevez l’assurance de l’admiration que nous cause votre gloire et daignez accueillir l’hommage du dévouement sincère et du profond respect du peuple canadien. »“Sire, two of our compatriots, Jean-Baptiste Noreau, sixty four years, and Jean-Baptiste Norau, his son, twenty two years, are going to France make it known to Your Majesty by the voice of her ministers the decided intentions of the Canadien people to return under the Empire of France and to wear again the glorious name of French. We have planned, Sire, to shake the yoke of the English; we waited rifles to arm ourselves and knock a certain blow. But our hope was betrayed. The surveillance of the Milords, the Lords and the salaried of all sorts would fail against our reunion and our efforts, under a good French general, infused by his duties and guided by honor. We assure Your Majesty that we are ready to sustain the cost this enterprise will demand. […] Sire, we are waiting of your fatherly sollicitude that peace will not be done without us having taken back the name of Canadien French. We are ready to undertake everything at the first sight of the French that we still regard as our brothers. Accept, Sire, the ardent wishes that we address to the heavens for the long reign of Your Majesty. Please receive the assurance of the admiration that causes your glory and deign to welcome the tribute of the sincere devotion and the deepest respect of the Canadien people.”The battle of Trafalgar would happen the 21st of October 1805.In 1810, there were rumors that some Canadiens got money from the French consul in Washington. It was maybe one of the reasons that justified the government’s crackdown on the journal Le Canadien.SOURCE :Histoire populaire du Québec, tomes I & II.