Welding Procedure Specification Word Document: Fill & Download for Free

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The word fabricator & welder are two different words & trades.Fabricator - Is like a master tailor who takes measurements, cuts the clothWelder - Is like the stitcher who does the final finishing workIn any fabrication workshop the product comes in different shapes - round, conical, cyclindrical, square, spiral, triangular & combination of shapes. Fabricator has options to select - plates, pipes, structural sections, round bars to piece together to achieve the sameFabricator like an Engineer, “ develops” the product drawings on the chosen pieces (plate, pipe, ..etc.) for marking & cutting. He is a semi design engineer working in the shopfloor, with chalk, measuring tape & cutting setWelder job is tougher one, for he has to have knowledge of various metals, chosing the weld consumables (electrodes & filler wire), select the best welding process equipment suited for the job, prepare welding documents - welding procedure specification, undergo qualification procedures, to ensure that the weld joints satisfy the service & do not fail in the field. After that only he will start the production welding process. He has to have knowledge of ASME Section XI & other British & European equivalent welding standards.Welder should have idea of non-destructive testing techniques - dye penetrant testing, magnetic particle testing, radiography, ultrasonic testing for all the welds will have some or combination of these NDE testing on them & defects absorbed shall have to be rectified.

Let’s start with the generic answer and then move to a more complicated answer. The general rule is that a prosecutor is free to amend a complaint or charging document up and until a jury is sworn. The Constitution provides that a person may not be charged for the same crime twice or be put into jeopardy more than once (See 5th Amendment to the US Constitution). The stage where jeopardy attaches is at the beginning of the process of voir dire (jury picken’).So if you are at the pre-trial stage then yes, the prosecutor can amend the charges so long as he follows the other laws (we’ll discuss those in a moment). If, however, it significantly changes the defense and little notice is given (the Defense must be given time to prepare), then the amendment will not be allowed until such time as proper notice is given.From a practical position, the defense has a vested interest in having all charges brought together in a single criminal action. Prosecutor’s, on the other hand, may not get the whole picture at one time, so it is common to have an initial charge filed and later – such as during a preliminary hearing – have the prosecutor move to amend the charges. This is where the process gets a little tricky for both parties.The better answer is much more complicated than has been presented so far. To understand this, we must understand that we are dealing with both substantive criminal law as well as procedural law. Substantive law is that law which commands us to do or refrain from doing a specific act. Within the substantive criminal law are the specific elements needed to prove that a crime was committed and that the defendant committed that crime. We can understand how this might work by examining a simple case of battery.The common law tradition of battery is that is the completed assault (or you can choose to say that assault is the incomplete battery). The standard elements are (1) harmful or offensive, (2) touching, (3) without consent. Today, there are no common law crimes left; they have all been codified (meaning that they have become part of the statutory scheme). As an example, in California battery is defined as follows: “A battery is any willful and unlawful use of force or violence upon the person of another.” See, California Penal Code § 242.When the investigator presents sufficient evidence to show that the defendant committed the crime then the prosecutor will begin the process of charging the defendant. The rules of procedure at both the state and federal levels are very similar. For our purposes, and to help keep things simple, I will use only the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure (FRCP), and when possible I will make a distinction for the states when it is significant enough to change the outcome.Before getting into the court filings, we must recognize that most criminal cases begin with an investigation. Many rules govern the actions the police or investigators can take during the investigation. These include the substantive portions of the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Eighth, and Fourteenth Amendments to the US Constitution. Some of these matters are addressed as part of the FRCP, with most of the specificity requirements found at the state levels. To see a different look at the various state and federal rules of criminal procedure visit FindLaw. You can also find the federal and various state rules by conducting a search with the words “[state name] rules of criminal procedure,” where [state name] is the name of the specific state you want to search.Our first rule worth considering is Rule 3 of the FRCP. The rule governs the Complaint, and in pertinent part states: “The complaint is a written statement of the essential facts constituting the offense charged. Except as provided in Rule 4.1, it must be made under oath before a magistrate judge or, if none is reasonably available, before a state or local judicial officer.” Should you look at Rule 4.1 you find that it controls the process of making an amendment and in providing notice. (NOTE: The “complaint” is the term in the federal court and some states. In other states, the term required is “petition.”).To be accurate, the complaint must include a allegations of legal facts as to the specific elements of the crime, including citation to the appropriate law. The statement of legal facts is generally a precise part of the document where specific language, often including quotes from the codified criminal law, so as to give sufficient notice to anyone as to the nature of the charge and the specific legal elements to be met.The second part of any complaint is the allegations of fact. Here the prosecutor inserts a statement as to each fact along with a connection to the specific elements. As an example, when charging with simple battery (a harmful or offensive touching of another), the complaint will state the legal grounds for the battery (specific law that defines battery and sets forth the elements) as well as the actual grounds (the physical acts taken by the defendant).To see an example of a federal criminal complaint dealing with corrupt politicians take a look at the US v. Rod Blagojevich matter. The first part of the pleading is the preliminary parts of the complaint which include the Title of the Pleading, the Parties, the Court, and the case file number. The second part is opening statements, which in federal court require a statement of the legal authority to be in the court to begin with, and then the allegations of law. You will notice that the allegations of law are straight forward. They are statements as to the specific law that has been violated and often include the citations to the appropriate substantive law in question.The second part of the complaint is the factual allegations, which are added by way of an affidavit by an FBI agent. There are a number of ways to make the allegations of fact, and in some instances it may be by the sworn affidavit of the prosecutor or other authorized personnel.The Blagojevich complaint is at least 74 pages, and it will give you an idea of the specificity often expected for a criminal charge. It will also show you just how complicated the intitial pleadings may appear, but with some study one will realise that a lot of what is written if boiler plate. Language (phrases and terms of art) used to describe some condition that is common is taken from past cases and examles. It is called boiler plate because, much like steel plate premade and welded into place to build a boiler, the specific statements are pre-made and then drawn into place to complete the framework of the complaint.Now we come back to the original question. Staying with the Blago case, we can see that the complaint is both long and meets specific procedural law expectations. What if the prosecution wants to add matters to this original complaint. The answer is a relatively easy one, and by following the rules as outlined, we see that the complaint will need to be amended. The reason for such an amendment is to create a new document that will charge the defendant with additional counts. It will also require that new statements of fact be added to support the allegations. And finally, the whole thing will need either approval of the judge or to go back into the system before a magistrate or other judicial officer.The process generally works this way. The police or other investigative agency presents reports and related material to the prosecuting attorney, who in turn determines if sufficient evidence is there so that a complaint can be brought. This requires that both the investigator and the prosecutor reach a point where probable cause (PC) is present. The PC is required for the investigator to make an arrest and it is also required before a prosecutor can file the complaint.If, at any time prior to the selection of the jury, there is new evidence uncovered, or there are crimes that were not identified in the previous version of the complaint, then the prosecution may move the court to make amendment to the complaint. This is one place where Rule 3, 4, and 4.1 come into play, especially 4.1 with its requirements for amendment.One such area where amendment may be allowed falls under the concept of joinder. Specifically, rule 8(a) governs the joinder of claims and parties, which means the filing of multiple counts within the same complaint. Specifically, the rule known as the “Joinder of Offenses” states that “[t]he indictment or information may charge a defendant in separate counts with 2 or more offenses if the offenses charged … are of the same or similar character, or are based on the same act or transaction, or are connected with or constitute parts of a common scheme or plan.This language means that a prosecutor should endeavor, when there is a connection between crimes, to charge the defendant with all crimes in a single complaint. By doing this, each count can be administered in the most efficient and just manner. One reason for this provision is that the choice to charge a defendant in multiple individual complaints, rather than a single complaint with multiple counts, would subject the defendant to additional costs and work needed to properly defend in all of those cases.In other words, the time, effort, and money needed to mount a legitimate defense would be exponentially greater when multiple complaints are filed, and such an action would serve to deny the defendant with basic due process rights. This concept extends to the question of amending or adding new charges to an existing case. The first step is that the prosecution must meet the standards of Rule 3, governing the nature of the method of filing the complaint, as well as the requirements for Joinder of Claims.Relying on these rules, we can see that the prosecution can’t verbally add new charges to the case without first meeting the requirements of the rules in question. In other words, if the prosecution has new information or evidence, then it can be used to add a count (joinder), but it must also be done according to the requirements in Rule 2.Hope some of this helps to see the working parts of the process of amending a complaint. It is not as easy as some might believe. Amendments generally require notice and service, which can be waived by the defendant. As an example, if on the day the jury selection is to start, the prosecutor discovers evidence linking the defendant to an additional – and often related – crime, then an amendment is both proper and necessary. In order to avoid or surrender the defendant’s right to speedy trial, they must either agree to the amendment or risk waiving their speedy trial rights by demanding proper notice and service.There are many other matters which can complicate this process, but there is not enough room here to fully discuss each one.