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No. Cantonse and Vietnamese are not mutually intelligble languages.This question reminds me of an announcement in Vietnamese in Hong Kong broadcasted to Vietnamese illegal immigrants to tell them they would be deported back to Vietnam (the famous 不漏洞拉)The exact content in the annoucement isBắt đầu từ nay, một chính sách mới về thuyền nhân Việt Nam đã được chấp hành tại Hồng Kông. Từ nay về sau, những thuyền nhân Việt Nam kiếm cách nhập cảnh Hồng Kông với thân phận những người di tản vì vấn đề kinh tế sẽ bị coi là những người nhập cảnh phi pháp. Là những người nhập cảnh phi pháp, họ sẽ không có chút khả năng nào để được đi định cư tại nước thứ ba, và họ sẽ bị giam cầm để chờ ngày giải về Việt Nam.As a Cantonese speaker, it is impossible to understand it. In Cantonese, it sounds like the following which doesn’t make any sense:不漏杜拉，木剪塞眛，夜團印越喃，打奪執行大含禁，盜奶夜獸，臃團印越喃，堅執入緊行禁，戈騰房臃耐地癱而忍地建嗲，捨被蓋瀨忍耐入境非法，拿忍耐入境非法，河瀉禁果捉卡能鬧，嗲奪地定固，大碌竹霸，話可寫被監禁，叻樣艾瀨埋越南。“不漏洞拉” is the Cantonese corruption of the Vietnamese phrase bắt đầu từ nay, which means “from now on”. In the recording, “nhập cảnh phi pháp” (入境非法) is quite recognizable as it is actually the chữ Nôm for illegal immigration and carries the same meaning in Chinese.The chữ Nôm (漢喃) for the above content is hereThe Chinese translation of the annoucement is here:從現在起，香港已實施對越南船民新政策。自此以後，凡因經濟問題以船民身份設法進入香港者，將被視作非法入境。非法入境者不能移居第三國，而且將會受到監禁並遣返回越南。And the English translation is hereFrom now on, a new policy regarding Vietnamese boat people has been implemented in Hong Kong. Hereafter, those Vietnamese boat people seeking to immigrate into Hong Kong as immigrants due to economic reasons will be considered illegal immigrants. As illegal immigrants, they will not have the ability to settle in a third country, and they will be detained until repatriated to Vietnam.Anyway, a Cantonese speaker cannot understand Vietnamese. The grammar structure and the vocabulary of the two languages are different. They are simply two different languages.

There is no easy and 100% accurate way to translate text with slang words from one language to another, unless the text is relatively simple. Some statements people make in Vietnamese chats require a lot of built-in cultural understanding that sometimes even confuse a native Vietnamese speaker who are not part of the “in” crowd.For example:“Phim Số Em Xui quá hãi”(Literal: The movie “My Unlucky Fate” is too scary; Meaning: That adult movie is terrible - initials of the name of the movie is S E X)“Tới đó coi chừng thổ dân”(Literal: Beware of the natives there; Meaning: Watch out for the nasty people - thieves/rude people/…)“Não phẳng là đi tàu sáu tấm”(Literal: Flat brain is going on six-piece boat; Meaning: Death comes for the stupid - “tàu sáu tấm” is slang for the coffin)“Vở kịch này rất tân cổ giao duyên”(Literal: This play has a harmonious mix of new and old; Meaning: This play is a nonsensical hodpodge of clichés)

I don’t know about the immigration to Hongkong during the Chinese Civil War, but I know about the immigration to Hongkong after the Vietnam War. Therefore, I am sorry, because I can only answer the second clause in your question.After the collapse of South Vietnam or the Republic of Vietnam, many South Vietnamese tried their best to escape from the rule of the communist government from North Vietnam or the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. The majority of them could not have the modern ships to escape, they just used simple boats to start their adventures. Their adventures were very dangerous as they did not know where they will go and whether they would be welcome by the governments of the destination countries (you know, they were on simple boats and they did not have compasses, so it was very difficult to define the direction). In them, plenty of Vietnamese to the countries, which is at the south of Vietnam like Singapore, Malaysia, and Indonesia. Others went to the Philippines. Others went further to the northeast like South Korea, Japan, and Hongkong.Unlike the hard-tempered character of other countries, Hongkong welcomed the Vietnamese refugee. Its government understood that they were escaping to avoid the communist persecutions in Vietnam (probably, they understood that because of the immigration from Mainland China, who also escaped the brutal policies of Mao Zedong). And this government was trying its best to arrange for them to settle in other countries like the US and Australia.However, everything was not convenient all the time. In the following years, because of the poverty as the result of communist economic policies, a number of Northern Vietnamese people fled to Hongkong. Like the Southern ones, they used the naval way to do it. And finally, they achieved Hongkong. And the problem began. As a legacy of the Vietnam War, when meeting, Southern and Northern Vietnamese blamed each other. Southern ones blamed that the Northern did the stupidity when they praised communism and especially Hồ Chí Minh. In turn, the Northern said that the Southern were absolutely cowards when they fled from the country when South Vietnam was about to collapse and they also blamed South Vietnam’s presidents. The split became more and more serious over time and the Hongkong government got stuck. It could not require help from other countries and international organizations. Hence, it had to solve itself.Initially, it tried to bring South and North Vietnamese to different areas to stop controversies between them. Then, it declared on the broadcast, especially the radio. In this declaration, it said that the Northern Vietnamese would return to Vietnam, whereas the Southern ones would go to other countries as refugees against communism. The government of the British colony defined that North Vietnamese just fled due to economic conditions, whereas South Vietnamese fled due to communism, or political factors. The beginning of the second part of the declaration is very well-known among Hongkongers. It is “Bat lau dung laai”. In fact, the declaration was read in Vietnamese to make the Vietnamese understand. The reader was trying to pronounce the clause “Bắt đầu từ nay” (From this moment), but it was not perfect. This beginning went deeply into the mind of Hongkongers. Thus, when talking about the Vietnamese refugees, Hongkongers say “Bat lau dung laai” to imply them. Up to today, many of them still think that it like “Xin chào” (Hello) or “Xin chú ý” (Attention).(The content of the declaration,香港[政府]對越南船民已經實施甄別政策。跟住嗰段越南話廣播，就係向佢哋講述呢個政策嘅內容。Bắt đầu từ nay, một chính sách mới về thuyền nhân Việt Nam đã được chấp hành tại Hồng Kông. Từ nay về sau, những thuyền nhân Việt Nam kiếm cách nhập cảnh Hồng Kông với thân phận những người di tản vì vấn đề kinh tế sẽ bị coi là những người nhập cảnh phi pháp. Là những người nhập cảnh phi pháp, họ sẽ không có chút khả năng nào để được đi định cư tại nước thứ ba, và họ sẽ bị giam cầm để chờ ngày giải về Việt Nam.剛才嗰段越南話廣播，係向企圖進入香港嘅越南船民，講述香港對佢哋實施嘅甄別政策㗎。(Translation into English:(The government of Hongkong did the policy to filter Vietnamese boat people. The speech was spoken in Vietnamese to make you (Vietnamese) know this announcement.From this moment, a new policy on the Vietnamese boat people was issued in Hongkong. From this moment, the Vietnamese boat people who entered Hongkong with the fate of the refugees due to economic problems would be referred to as illegal refugees. Because of being illegal refugees, they would not have any possibility to settle in a third country. and they would be kept to give back to Vietnam.This broadcast in Vietnamese is to talk to the Vietnamese refugees who are trying to enter Hongkong about the filter that Hongkong is doing on them.))Some images about Vietnamese refugees to Hongkong:Muhammad Ali in the Kai Tak East Refugee Transit Centre in 1979. He visited the Vietnamese.Another scene of Vietnamese refugees in the Kai Tak East Refugee Transit Centre.