How To Cite References Using Apa Style Reference List Books: Fill & Download for Free

APA provides several guidelines for reference and citation formatting. Reference formatting, in particular, depends on the source, such as a book, periodical, or other. An in-text citation should exist wherever each reference is used and is more straight forward (see examples).Example:Ness, L.R. (2005, Nov/Dec). Assessing the Relationships among IT flexibility, strategic alignment, and IT effectiveness: Study overview and findings. Journal of IT Management (JITM), XVI(2), 1-17. Article Link || Full DissertationResources:Purdue OWL APA WebsiteAPA StyleIn-Text Citations:According to Ness (2005)…IT flexibility was found to be a significant predictor of IT effectiveness (Ness, 2005)For more on this topic, see:Lawrence Ness's answer to How do I cite a web article in APA?Lawrence Ness's answer to How do I cite the same author of multiple works in APA?Lawrence Ness's answer to How do I use APA style to cite an author with a middle name?Lawrence Ness's answer to How do I cite a Twitter APA?Lawrence Ness's answer to How do I cite an article in APA without a DOI?Lawrence Ness's answer to How do I use the in-text citation of APA?

1. APAHow to Cite An Entire Website in APA FormatThe basic format to cite an entire website, and not a specific page is:Entire Website ExampleMendeley, J.A., Thomson, M., & Coyne, R.P. (2017, January 16). How and when to reference. Retrieved from https://www.howandwhentoreference.comHow to Cite A Web Page in APA FormatThe basic format for a web page differ slightly from that of a website:Note: this format is the same for online articles; page title is swapped for article title and website title is swapped for container title.Web Page ExampleMitchell, J.A., Thomson, M., & Coyne, R.P. (2017, January 25) APA citation. How and when to reference. Retrieved from https://www.howandwhentoreference.com/APAcitationHow to Cite a Blog Post in APA FormatThe basic format to cite a blog post is as follows:Blog Post ExampleUsing this example, the reference would be:Defeo, C. (2017, August 4). New webinar on research careers [Blog post]. Retrieved from New webinar on research careersHow To Cite a Tweet in APA FormatThe basic format to cite a tweet is as follows:Handle of tweet author. (Year, month date of tweet). Full text of tweet [Tweet]. Retrieved from URLTweet ExampleUsing this example the reference would be:Mendeley_com. (2017, May 17). We applauded our final @pintofscience talk & feeling sad. But we literally zoomed from #atomstogalaxies and it was a perfect finale [Tweet]. Retrieved from Team Mendeley on TwitterHow to Cite a Facebook Post in APA FormatThe basic format for a Facebook status is as follows:Facebook Status ExampleUsing this example the reference would be:Mendeley. (2017, May 16). The pressure is always on for researchers to fund their research careers [Facebook status update]. Retrieved from MendeleyHow to Cite an Online Video in APA FormatThe format to cite an online or YouTube video is as follows:YouTube ExampleUsing this example, the reference would be:[Mendeley]. (2014, April 3). Getting started with Mendeley [Video File]. Retrieved from Getting Started with MendeleyNote: the word ‘Mendeley’ in the title is capitalised because it is a proper noun.For more comprehensive coverage of APA citation rules check out our APA citation guide.Back to top2. MLAHow to Cite an Entire Website in MLA FormatThe basic format to cite an entire website in MLA format is:Entire Website ExampleMitchell, James A., and Martha Thomson. How and When to Reference. 25 Jan. 2017:https://www.howandwhentoreference.com/APAcitation.How to Cite a Web Page in MLA FormatThis is very similar to the website reference with the addition of page title within quotation marks before site title:Last name, first name. “Page Title”. Site Title. Sponsoring institution/publisher. Publication date day month abbreviation. year, URL.Web Page ExampleThomson, Martha. “APA Citation”. How and When to Reference. 2 Feb. 2017: https://www.howandwhentoreference.com/APAcitation.How to Cite a Blog Post in MLA FormatThe basic format to cite a blog post in MLA is as follows:Blog Post ExampleUsing the blog post example in the APA blog post section, the reference would look like this:Defeo, Christian. “New Webinar on Research Careers”. Mendeley Blog. 4 Aug. 2017, https://blog.mendeley.com/2017/08/04/new-webinar-on-research-careers/.How to Cite a Tweet in MLA FormatThe basic format to cite a tweet is:Tweet ExampleUsing the tweet example in the APA tweet section, the reference would look as follows:Mendeley_com. “We applauded our final @pintofscience talk & feeling sad. But we literally zoomed from #atomstogalaxies and it was a perfect finale”. Twitter, 17 May 2017, 1:57p.m., https://twitter.com/mendeley_com/status/864947989797896194.How to Cite a Facebook Status in MLA FormatThe basic format of a Facebook status reference is quite similar to that of a tweet:Facebook ExampleUsing the example status used in the APA FFacebook section, the reference would be:Mendeley. Announcement of Mendeley funding. Facebook, 16 May 2017, 11:05a.m., https://www.facebook.com/mendeley/photos/a.10150156999648611.291608.42920143610/10154866770358611/?type=3.How to Cite an Online Video in MLA FormatYouTube/online VideoYouTube ExampleUsing the example in the APA youtube section, the reference in MLA would be:“Getting Started With Mendeley”. Youtube, uploaded by Mendeley, 3 Apr. 2014, Getting Started with MendeleyFor more comprehensive coverage of MLA 8 citation rules check out our MLA 8 citation guide.Back to top3. HarvardHow to Cite an Entire Website in Harvard FormatThe basic format to reference an entire website in Harvard style is as follows:Website ExampleMitchell, J.A and Thomson, M. (2017). How and when to reference [Online]. Available at: https://www.howandwhentoreference.com/APAcitation (Accessed: 21 August 2017).How to Cite a Web Page in Harvard FormatCiting a web page is very similar to citing a website except the title of the page is added in italics:Author surname(s), initial(s). (Year of publishing). Title of page [Online]. Title of site. Available at: URL (Accessed: day month year)Web Page ExampleThomson, M. (2017). APA citation [Online]. How and when to reference. Available at: https://www.howandwhentoreference.com/APAcitation (Accessed: 21 August 2017).How to Reference a Blog Post in Harvard FormatReferencing a blog post in MLA is similar in structure to referencing a web page:Blog Post Example:Using the blog post mentioned in the APA blog post section, the Harvard reference would be:Defeo, C. (2017). New webinar on research careers [Blog] Mendeley blog. Available at: https://blog.mendeley.com/2017/08/04/new-webinar-on-research-careers/ (Accessed: 21 August 2017).How to Cite a Tweet in Harvard FormatThe basic format to cite a tweet in Harvard style is as follows:Twitter handle. (Year of publishing). Text of tweet [Twitter]. Day month tweet was published on. Available at: URL (Accessed: day month year).Tweet ExampleUsing the example tweet from the APA tweet section, the Harvard reference would be:Mendeley_com. (2017). We applauded our final @pintofscience talk & feeling sad. But we literally zoomed from #atomstogalaxies and it was a perfect finale [Twitter]. 17 May. Available at: https://twitter.com/mendeley_com/status/864947989797896194 (Accessed: 21 August 2017).How to Cite a Facebook Status in Harvard FormatThis is the same as the Twitter reference except the Twitter handle is swapped for author name/group name, the text of tweet is swapped for text of post and [Twitter] is swapped for [Facebook]:Facebook Status Example:Using the status example from the APA Facebook section, the reference in Harvard would be:Mendeley. (2017). The pressure is always on for researchers to fund their research careers[Facebook]. 16 May. Available at: https://www.facebook.com/mendeley/photos/a.10150156999648611.291608.42920143610/10154866770358611/?type=3 (Accessed: 21 August 2017).How to Cite an Online Video in Harvard FormatThe basic format to cite an online video is as follows:Username. (Year posted). Title [Online video]. Day month posted. Available at: URL (Accessed: day month year).YouTube ExampleUsing the YouTube video example from the APA YouTube section, the Harvard reference would be:Mendeley. (2014). Getting started with Mendeley [Online video]. 3 April. Available at :https://www.YouTube.com/watch?v=Gv6_HuCYExM (Accessed: 21 August 2017).For more comprehensive coverage of Harvard citation rules check out our Harvard citation guide.Back to top4. TroubleshootingA. What to do if your reference doesn’t have an author:Firstly look to see if there is an organisation that the work can be attributed to. If so, use this in place of the author. If this isn't possible, use the title in place of the author. The title used should be the first title listed. So for a blog post reference in which the post and blog title are listed, the post title should be listed in place of the author.B. How to find the date of publication of a webpage:Often the date is listed on the page, especially for things like blog posts, so search around to try and find this. If you can’t find the date, follow these steps:Search the URL for the page you want to find the publication date of in google with the ‘inurl:’ operate before it.Copy the browser address bar into the address bar of a new tab and add ‘&as_qdr=y15’ to the end. For example, if my search URL was be https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=inurl%abcd, I would put https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=inurl%abcd&as_qdr=y15 into the address bar of the new tab.Hit enter and the search results will show the publication date of the page.For a complete guide on each of these citation types check out our APA, MLA 8 and Harvardreferencing guides. These contain the general rules for each citation type along with specific examples covering books, articles, videos and more. Or visit our ultimate citation cheat sheet to see all citation formats and sources in one, easy to use table.

When you include information from a source in a paper, presentation, or other project, you must give credit to the source's author. You do not have to cite information that is common knowledge, such as that the U.S. has 50 states.Someone else's exact words, placed in quotation marks and followed by a parenthetical citation. Someone else's ideas explained in your own words, followed by a parenthetical citation.Similar to a paraphrase, but used to give an overview of many ideas explained in your own words. Citation is the act of telling your reader where you got your information is called citing your source.The information you share when you cite a source is called a citation, or sometimes a reference There are two kinds of citation. A short little tag that appears in the main text of the article, essay, or book.And a much more detailed citation that comes in a list at the end of the article, essay, or book also called a reference list or works cited list or bibliography.Readers look at the short in-text citation and then if they want more information, they look up the rest of the information in the longer list at the end. In text citations are short so that they don't interrupt the flow of reading.The exact rules vary according to citation style, but the in text citations typically contains just the author's name and date of publication, sometimes with a page number. Sometimes it is just a number when it is a number.It is called a footnote or endnote number. As a reader, you would now have enough information from this in text citation to look at my list of references to find more information.Different disciplines use slightly different formats for their citations. For example, scholars who write about literature usually use MLA style; psychologists and other social scientists use APA style, and historians usually use Chicago style.