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By today's definition of "Developed country", the United Kingdom was the first developed nation when the Industrial Revolution took hold and the UK became a powerhouse of industry. This process shifted the previously agrarian heavy economy into a more industrial one where factories sprung up in cities and became the main source of income for families.Wikipedia does a great job of summarizing the UK's rise to economic dominance and how it became the world's first developed nation;A long run of good harvests, starting in the first half of the 18th century, resulted in an increase in disposable income and a consequent rising demand for manufactured goods, particularly textiles. The invention of the flying shuttle by John Kay enabled wider cloth to be woven faster, but also created a demand for yarn that could not be fulfilled. Thus, the major technological advances associated with the industrial revolution were concerned with spinning. James Hargreaves created the Spinning Jenny, a device that could perform the work of a number of spinning wheels. However, while this invention could be operated by hand, the water frame, invented by Richard Arkwright, could be powered by a water wheel. Indeed, Arkwright is credited with the widespread introduction of thefactory system in Britain, and is the first example of the successful mill owner and industrialist in British history. The water frame was, however, soon supplanted by the spinning mule (a cross between a water frame and a jenny) invented by Samuel Crompton. Mules were later constructed in iron by Messrs. Horrocks of Stockport.As they were water powered, the first mills were constructed in rural locations by streams or rivers. Workers villages were created around them, such as New Lanark Mills in Scotland. These spinning mills resulted in the decline of the domestic system, in which spinning with old slow equipment was undertaken in rural cottages.The steam engine was invented and became a power supply that soon surpassed waterfalls and horsepower. The first practicable steam engine was invented by Thomas Newcomen, and was used for pumping water out of mines. A much more powerful steam engine was invented by James Watt; it had a reciprocating engine capable of powering machinery. The first steam-driven textile mills began to appear in the last quarter of the 18th century, and this transformed the industrial revolution into an urban phenomenon, greatly contributing to the appearance and rapid growth of industrial towns.The progress of the textile trade soon outstripped the original supplies of raw materials. By the turn of the 19th century, imported American cotton had replaced wool in the North West of England, though wool remained the chief textile in Yorkshire. Textiles have been identified as the catalyst in technological change in this period. The application of steam power stimulated the demand for coal; the demand for machinery and rails stimulated the iron industry; and the demand for transportation to move raw material in and finished products out stimulated the growth of the canal system, and (after 1830) the railway system.Such an unprecedented degree of economic growth was not sustained by domestic demand alone. The application of technology and the factory system created such levels of mass production and cost efficiency that enabled British manufacturers to export inexpensive cloth and other items worldwide.Walt Rostow has posited the 1790s as the "take-off" period for the industrial revolution. This means that a process previously responding to domestic and other external stimuli began to feed upon itself, and became an unstoppable and irreversible process of sustained industrial and technological expansion.Sourced: Economic history of the United KingdomDue well to remember that you cannot pinpoint the first 'developing' country as too many sprouted up at the same time and the 'North-South' divide rule further complicates the issue. Developed is an end, developing is a process and cannot be singularly determined to one nation.

Sugar Bowl Of Karnataka, Cradle Of Infantry, Kunda Nagari the city nicknamed with these names is Belgaum. Also known as Belagavi, Belgavi and Venugrama or the Bamboo village.Belgaum is known for the sweet delicacy named as Kunda hence the name as Kunda Nagari (Kunda City).The city is in the northwestern parts of Karnataka and lies at the border of two states Maharashtra and Goa on the western ghats.The city is situated near the foothills of the Sahyadri mountain range. It has a Tropical Savanna climate(tropical wet and dry climate).Belgaum is at its coldest in winter(november-february temperature dropping to 7 degree celsius; the minimum temperature in Karnataka state is usually recorded in Belgaum).India's tallest National flag was unflured on 12/03/2018 in Belagavi. The National flag was tied to a 110m(365feet) high pole from the base plate to the top. Size of flag is 120x80ft.The Government of Karnataka has proposed making Belgaum the second capital of Karnataka, hence a second state administrative building Suvarna Vidhana Soudha was inaugrated on 11 October 2012.Belgaum had been selected in first phase out of 20 cities as a smart city under PM Narendra Modi flagship Smart Cities Mission.Belagavi was founded in late 12th century AD by the Ratta dynasty, whose official named Bichiraja built a jain temple dedicated to Neminatha(twenty second Tirthankara(ford maker) in Jainism) in 1204, which came to be called Kamalbasti.^Kamalbasti then in 1860^present day of KamalbastiBelgavi became the part of Yadava dynasty kingdom in early 13th century.This region was invaded by Khalji/Khilji dynasty of Delhi Sultanate in 14th century.Thereafter, Belgaum came under the rule of Vijayanagar empire.In 1474, an army led by Mahamood Gawan of Bahmani Sultanate conquered Belgaum.In 1518, the Bahmani Sultanate splintered into five small states and Belgaum became part of the Bijapur Sultanate (Shia Muslim dynasty that ruled the Sultanate of Bijapur).In 1686, the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb overthrew the Bijapur Sultanate and Belagavi passed nominally to the Mughals, who called it Azamnagar. Control on Belagavi by Mughal empire collapsed after death of Aurangzeb in 1707.During the rule of Peshwas, Maratha’s confederacy took control of this area. The region was overrun by Hyder Ali and Tippu Sultan after Hyder Ali’s coup in the kingdom of Mysore. But when Tippu Sultan was defeated by British forces, the Peshwas regained Belgavi.Belgaum was chosen as the venue of the 39th session of the Indian National Congress in December 1924 under the Presidency of Mahatma Gandhiji.^walking towards the session^Gandhiji addressing the Belgaum 1924 Congress session^AICC pendal at belgaum 1924^Gangadharrao Deshpande and Bapu^Belgaum 1924 session arrangements for bath at the specially built Congress well^Vijaynagar the temporary Railway station made for the 1924 Belgaum sessionThe city which was then a Portuguese territory served as a major military installation for the British Raj (crown/direct rule in India) due to its proximity to Goa.Once the British left India, the Indian Government continued and still continues to have armed forces installation in Belagavi. PM Jawaharlal Nehru in 1961 used forces from Belagavi to end Portuguese rule of Goa.When India became independent in 1947, Belgaum and its district were part of Bombay State. Indian states were recognised along linguistic lines by the States Reorganisation Act in 1956 and Belgaum district was transferred to Mysore state, which was renamed as Karnataka in 1972.>>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>>Rich deposits of Bauxite are found in Belagavi district which led to the creation of the Indian aluminium producing company Hindalco Industries of the Aditya Birla Group.Uranium deposits are also been found.Belgaum is major producer of Milk in Karnataka state, which complies 30% of the state’s production.It has the highest number of Sugar factories in Karnataka.From the early 1970’s, Belagavi began developing into an important centre for the manufacture of heavy machine tools, including manufacture of high pressure oil hydraulics systems.Belgaum is also a foundry(factory that produces metal castings) hub of Karnataka state, with about 200+ producing automotive and industrial castings of ferrous base and supporting ancillaries like CNC and conventional machine shops which finish the castings that are produced in Belgaum.Belagavi which is also known for Saree, over 30,000 people are directly dependent on the power looms.Belgavi is also a strong industrial hub for machine shops catering to automotive manufacturing especially crankshaft machine casting and helmets.A 300 acre Special Economic Zone (India’s first private Aerospace SEZ) is being setup near to Belagavi city to cater to the precision engineering requirements of the global aerospace, automotive and industrial verticals is promoted by Quest Global, an aerospace engineering and manufacturing company.Central Government has established the DGFT ( Director General Of Foreign Trade) office.The only state in India to have 2 offices,one in Bangalore, due to large export in Belgaum the entire north Karnataka will come under Belgaum DGFT.>>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>>Belagavi has the Indian Armed Forces, along with an air force station of the Indian Air Force.Belgaum houses the Maratha Light Infantry Regimental Centre (MLIRC).It also houses the Commando Training Wing which is a part of the Infantry school. The commando course at Belgaum is mandatory for all infantry officers.There also lies the eminent Rashtriya Military School, Belgaum, established in 1945, which is one of the 5 military schools in India.The Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) is building a fully fledged recreation and training center in Belagavi at Halbhavi.Surgical strike made by the Indian soliders on terror campus in Pakistan occupied Kashmir (POK), the training was given in Belagavi at the MLIRC Commando Training center “ Ghatak Platoon ”.>>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>>Belgaum is also an important educational hub, consisting of eight engineering, five medical and some dental colleges across the city and district.Basic degree colleges, nine polytechnic and three law colleges are other educational institutions.The Karnataka Lingayat Education Society (KLE), and Karnataka Law Society (KLS) are two educational giants in Belgaum.Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU), Jnana Sangama, the largest University of Karnataka for technical education (for BE, Mtech, MCA, MBA) is based in Belgaum.VTU is one of the largest Universities in India named after Sir M. Visvesvaraya from Karnataka, the only engineer to be awarded a Bharat Ratna, the highest civilian award in India.The Karnatak Lingayat Education SocietyIn 1916, the KLE society was founded by seven founder life members who are also addressed as “Saptarishis” (seven saints). KLE society started in Belgaum:1916- Anglo Vernacular school1933- Lingaraj College1963- Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College (JNMC)1979- Dr. M.S Sheshgiri College of Engineering and Technology1984 onwards- dental, nursing,information technology, computer application, hotel management,business management, tourism,fashion design, agriculture college, as well as polytechnic across India.KLE marked the commencement of the 100th year of selfless service by the KLE Society.Karnataka Law Society (KLS)KLS was founded by eminent lawyers of Karnataka in 1939. It has the distinction of running colleges in fields of law, commerce, engineering and management education.KLS Gogte Institute Of Technology, Jnanaganga is an Autonomous Institution under Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, Accredited by National Board Of Accreditation (NBA), New Delhi.Based on Institute profile, academics and students performance over the years GIT was conferred with the award of “Excellent Technical Education Institute in Karnataka” at National Karnataka Education Summit and Awards 2014 held at Bangalore.Rani Chennamma University (RCU)Rani Chennamma University is a public university established by the Government of Karnataka in 2010 at Belgaum. This University has the main campus, called Vidyasangama.Overall Coverage:Belagavi is connected by road via NH-4(connecting Maharashtra(now part of golden quadrilateral), Karnataka, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh,Tamil Nadu).Belgaum fort - is in the Belagavi city. Fort includes two Jain temples, two Hindu shrines, two mosques and church too.Hindalga Jail - was built by the British in 1923. It has capacity to accommodate 1162 prisoners.Vishwa Kannada Sammelana 2011 - this was the second Sammelana, three days cultural festival hosted in Belagavi city.4th Akhila Karnataka Makkala Sahitya Sammelana, Belagavi 2005 - this convention bring together children from all over the state. Talent of lakhs of children is honed.The establishment of “Venudhawani”, Community Radio Station at the J.N.M.C campus at Belagavi, objective is to provide a platform for citizens of Belagavi to share their ideas, thoughts, concerns and reach out to listeners in radius of 10KMs in the vicinity.Ramkrishna Mission Ashram at BelagaviFrom 15th to 27th October 1892 Swami Vivekananda had come to Belagavi and he resided for nine days.At Belagavi, Swami Vivekananda was guest of Prof. G.S.Bhate and Sub-divisional Forest Officer, Haripada Mitra.The Risaldar Galli house of Mr.Sadashiv Bhate is now a sub centre of the Ramkrishna Mission Ashram.The local languages spoken here are Kannada and Marathi. There are also few percent of Urdu, Konkani speakers.The city is served by Belgaum Airport at Sambra which is oldest airport in North Karnataka.This was all about Belgaum, but as a district is formed by the taluks it is also necessary to know few things about the taluks of Belagavi which also brings up the name in popularity. Come lets know few interesting things about them.Belagavi has a total of 10 taluks, as it can been in the below picture shown along with the names, except for Athni=*Athani and Hukeri=*Hukkeri in names.Chikodi talukBiggest taluk in Belgaum district.Leading taluk in Karnataka under cooperative sector.Athani talukIt the largest sugar production taluk in Karnataka.Aigali husbandry fair is the biggest husbandry fair in India.Shivayogi Murugarajendra Mutt.Hukkeri talukThe Hukkeri Rural Electric Cooperative Society LTD is the First Electric Cooperative Society to be registered in India.Hukkeri Society is one of the last Surviving epitomes of the Cooperative movement in India.Vallabhghad is a fort which dates back to 1674 and is said to have been built by the Maratha ruler Shivaji.Name derives from 2 words hoovina+kere (flower+lake) which means a place where plenty of flowers were grown, and these flowers were supplied to Adilshah of Bijapur.At the time of rule of Adilshah there were 24 natural water wells/fountains (karanji) one of them was of hot water.Hukkeri is famous for Agarbatthis (Incense sticks).Nidsoshi MathaRaja Lakhamagouda dam also known as Hidkal dam.Shirur damFamous sweet delicacy of this place is Khaja.Gokak talukSometimes regarded as the “first woman freedom fighter of India” i.e; Rani Abbakka Chowta ((Chowta, dynasty name) first tuluva Queen of Ullal) had dispute and battle between Gokak Kotawals.Gokak Falls is often called as “Karnataka’s Naigara” , also famous for its historical landmark “The Hanging Wooden Bridge” whose legacy goes back to British Raj.During British rule in India, The Forbes Gokak Spinning Mill (now owned by Gokak textiles LTD of the Shapoorji Pallonji group) was setup in 1887 in Gokak falls.Gokak mills is known for their yarn which is supplied worldwide, as they received ISO 9002 certification as well.A Hydroelectric Power plant was also setup in Gokak Falls in 1907.The Toy factory in Gokak is well known for decades for its equisit toys. It is in existence since 200 years.Ghataprabha Bird Sanctury is known for migratory birds such as the Demoiselle crane and European White Stork.^Demoiselle CraneKardantu is the famous sweet delicacy of Gokak which is exported worldwide in tons.Another famous sweet of Gokak in India is Ladagi Laadu.Sri Jagadguru Shivalingeshwar Math at Savalagi shrine is six centuries old, it is symbol of Hindi-Muslim unity and communal harmony.The Godachinmalki Falls also known as Markandeya falls.Durdundeshwar temple in Arabhavi Math.Dhupdal dam has a hydroelectric power generating unit.Raybag talukRajaditya was famous mathematician of Poobagi (Raybag was called in ancient time by this name).Mugalkod MathaChinchali Mayamma templeBailhongal talukKittur Chennamma, born on 23rd October 1778 in kakati, Belagavi taluk. She was the Queen of Kittur, a princely state in Karnataka. She was one of the Indian female rulers to lead an armed rebellion against the British East India Company in 1824.Sangolli Rayanna, born on 15th August 1798 Sangolli, Kittur, who is known for military chief.The main railway station of Bangalore city has been renamed as “Krantiveera Sangolli Rayanna Railway Station” in 2015.Rayanna was executed by hanging to death from a Banyan tree.Unlike the usual six foot grave, Rayanna’s grave is eight feet long because he was tall more than seven feet.Saundatti talukSaundatti Yellamma templeInchal MathMurgod MathNavilatirtha dam, is a well known picnic spot near saundatti on Renuka Sagara(Renuka lake).It is also place where Mahatapasvi Shri Kumarswamiji at the age of 18 was awakened by Kundalini as result of worship of the Devi.Ramdurg talukGodachi VeerabhadeshwarKhanapur talukHandibadanganath MuttKhanapur has the hill stations and is also famous, which pleases everyone.Bhimgad Wildlife SanctuaryIt is located near Jamboti village.This area is the headwater of several rivers including the Mhadei, Malaprabha and Tillari. The Mhadei originates in the Bhimgad forests.>>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>>Rivers which flow in the districtRiver Markandey - Shirur damRiver Krishna - a dam is built in Padasalagi village by the people of the same residence.River VedagangaRiver DudhgangaRiver Ghataprabha -Hidkal dam, Gokak fallsRiver Hiranyakeshi -Dhupdal damRiver TamrapharaniRiver Malaprabha -Navilutirtha dam, origin of this river is in Kankumbi village.River Mhadei>>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>>Politician who were Cabinet Ministers from the DistrictB. Shankaranand -was a congress politician from Karnataka. Elected to Lok Sabha(seventh) for the 4th time.Babagouda Patil -is a former Union minister of the state of India. He was minister of Rural Areas and Employment in the second Vajpayee ministry.>>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>>Notable People of the DistrictPhadeppa Dareppa Chaugule, was born in Belagavi. He was India’s first Olympic Marathon Runner. He represented India in the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp and finished 19th with a timing of 2 hours 50 minutes 45.2 seconds.D.C Pavate (Dadappa Chintappa Pavate), was born in Mamdapur.He was the Vice-Chancellor of the Karnataka University Dharwar, and the Governor of Punjab.Pavate was a Cambridge Mathematical Tripos WranglerAward: Padma Bhushan in 1967Books: My days as GovernorKumar Gandharv (Shivaputra Siddaramayya Komkalimath), was born in Sulebhavi.Known for: Hindustani Classical Music singingS.G. Balekundri (Shivappa Gurubasappa Balekundri), was born in Belagavi and was an irrigation expert.Known for: Chief engineer and Architect of the Almatti Dam. He is best remembered today as second Visvesvaraya.Chandrashekara Kambar, was born in Ghodageri, Hukkeri taluk. Is an prominent Indian poet, playwright, folkorist, film director in Kannada language and the founder Vice Chancellor of Kannada University in Hampi.Awards: Jnanapitha Award, Sahitya Academy Award, Padma Shri Award, Pampa Award.Raja Lakhamagouda Sardesai, was born in Ammanagi village. He reiterated his ideology that “Organisation is bigger than men, Society is bigger than Association and Nation is bigger than Society”. The British Government recognized his service towards the community and education and in 1919 conferred the order of Companion Of The Indian Empire (C.I.E).Raja Lakhamagouda dam also known as Hidkal dam due to their contribution of land for the dam.Dr. R.H Patil, was born in Nandgad, Belagavi district. He was the moving face behind the success of National Stock Exchange(NSE)Niranjan Sant, Belgaumite has won a special mention award for his photo Chameleon walk from the RBS-Sanctuary Asia Magazine Sanctuary-RBS wildlife awards 2009. He is one of the India’s most admired wildlife photographer.Laxmanrao Kirloskar, was born in Gurlhosur, was an Indian Businessman and founder of the Kirloskar Group. Union Government of India issued a postal stamp in his name in 1969 marking 100 years of birth anniversary.Atul Kulkarni, was born in Belagavi is an Indian film actor who has acted in Hindi, Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu, Kannada, Marathi and English language films.Pandit S.Ballesh, was born in M.K Hubli, Belagavi district. He is an Indian Shehnai player.Dinakar D Patil, was born in Benadi, Belagavi district. He was a prominent Marathi film director, scriptwriter and dialogue writer during the Golden era(19950–1990) of Marathi film industry. He has been awarded with Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 2002.Hemant Birje, was born in Belagavi, is a Bollywood film actor.Mahesh Jadhav, founder at Mahesh Foundation which gives a new lease of life to HIV positive children by taking care of their needs and motivating them to lead a positive life.For this cause, he was awarded with National Child Welfare award from President of India Ram Nath Kovind for exceptional achievement in 2017. He is also a motivational speaker at TEDx.Manju Nadgouda, was born in Belagavi, is a former One Day International cricketer who represented India.Shobha Gurtu (Bhanumati Shirodkar), was born in Belagavi, was an Indian singer in the Light Hindustani Classical style. She came to be known as Thumri Queen.Awards felicitated with: Padma Bhushan in 2002, Sangeet Natak Academy award in 1987, Lata Mangeshkar Puraskar, Shahu Maharaj Puraskar, Maharashtra Gaurav Puraskar.Charan Raj, was born in Khanapur of Belgaum district. He is an Indian film actor, director, music director, film producer and writer who primarily works in Tamil and other southern languages.Ronit More, was born in Belagavi. He is a member of the Chennai Super Kings squad since 2013 and debuted in the IPL against Kolkata Knight Riders in 2015.Laxmi Raai, was born in Belagavi. She is an Indian film actress and model who predominantly appears in Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu and Kannada films.Few Information, Confirmation, recognition credits: My father

If you check my answers you will see that I am a bit of a Craftsman nut. While researching the W on wrenches and sockets which stands for Whitworth I stumbled upon the biography of this man Joseph Whitworth.It was a rabbit hole worth learning about. While many inventers and industrialists get credit for being the “Father” of some aspect of the industrial revolution, Whitworth was the step parent responsible for raising all those children to be good contributing adults to society. His influence on modern life is profound and rarely recognized or even talked about outside mechanical engineering circles. His impact on the world was greater than Edison, or Tesla or any of the other great inventors routinely talked about in the history books.His place in history is marked by his philanthropy after he died for the city of Manchester with major contributions to among others the local hospital, Owens college, Whitworth Museum of Art, and the Whitworth Society which gives scholarships to this day for potential Mechanical Engineers and works to promote the occupation still.His wealth was earned by his factory, and most will talk a bit about it and his work in armaments with the Whitworth sniper rifle and breech loading cannon for the English army.12-pounder Whitworth breech-loading cannonThey will then discuss his role in creating a standard measurement of screws and threads (British Standard Whitworth, BSW) that was adopted by the British railroads and then adopted country wide.You will see some discussion of his many patents such as the Whitworth quick return mechanism that sped up the manufacturing process. Here is a short video showing how it works.Here is another video showing its practical application in a metal shaper.What makes Joseph Whitworth extraordinary though is his perfectionist nature that changed the course of manufacturing and is responsible for just about everything we take for granted in the modern world.The first thing is that he was responsible for perfecting the process of creating flat surfaces by scraping three plates with engineers blue called the three plate method. He also was able to use that flat plate and a screw made to exacting measurements to create an end measurement device that was accurate to one millionth of an inch and both the flat plate and the first micrometers were duplicated in his factory with no variation. For the first time measurement tools became more accurate than the requirements of anything they were used to build and by using the tools from his factory, there was no variation from location to location.So anything you touch today that uses interchangeable parts exists only because Whitworth created a process for making a flat reference surface to base all other measurements on and the micrometer to be able to use that reference to gain accurate measurement of length. These achievements alone should give him a bigger place in the history books.But the reason he deserves a chapter in the history books instead of just a paragraph is what his business, originally called “Joseph Whitworth, Tool-Maker from London”, made. Until he opened his business most machine tools were made in the shop or factory they were used in and were all basically one-off’s. He was the first to make and sell machine tools such as this Whitworth Lathe.Because of his perfectionism, his innovations all incorporated into his products and the fact that any machine from his plant was identical in tolerances, he soon became the source for the tools that made the tools and equipment for the industrial revolution.While the fathers of the industrial revolution built the railroads, the textile mills, the steel plants and everything else, the birth of their equipment or its direct ancestor was made on a Whitworth machine.So if you were to trace the genealogy of everything in the world that makes anything at all you will find that at the end of your search there is a Whitworth machine. Whitworth DNA is in everything today and his factory truly was the Adam and Eve of the Industrial Revolution.Thanks for reading, I hope you enjoyed learning about Joseph Whitworth as much as I did when researching what the “W” meant on a wrench and found yet another rabbit hole to venture down. Time well spent though.