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German.Like Italy, Germany unified only in the late 19th century, and a consequence of this is that regional variation is still very strong. Younger people in urban areas increasingly lose their dialects, but out in the countryside, speaking dialect is still extremely common, and although everybody can converse in the standard, most Germans have a noticeable tinge of a regional accent if they’re dialect speakers.There are some areas where dialects are virtually dead, and they’re mostly in the north (Lower Saxony, around Hannover, is famous for this), where Low German used to be spoken but has been replaced by Standard High German. Since those people learned High German as a foreign language, they pronounce it quite close to the written word. Other previously Low German-speaking areas, like Schleswig-Holstein, do have accents of their own, but in general the North speaks in slight variations on Standard German that anyone proficient in it can understand with little trouble.But this question was about the dialects, so here goes. As is par for the course in these rather short answers on linguistics, I’ll lump together the many subtly different regional varieties under a common label - since we’re talking about general clichés, we needn’t bother to be precise anyway.SaxonFor everyone not from Saxony, Saxon is the butt of many jokes. Whenever there is a vote on which is the least sexy dialect (for whatever reason this seems to come up every few years), Saxon ranks at the bottom.Two characteristics of what the rest of the republic generally thinks of as “Saxon” are missing aspiration on voiceless plosives and fronting of back vowels while unrounding rounded front vowels. The first merely sounds a little comical because a key phonemic parameter of German seems to be lost (it really isn’t, but again, this is about the unscientific perception of Saxon by other Germans). The changes in the vowels, however, give Saxon a sound that most people consider hilariously, comically stupid. It’s just impossible to take a speaker with a thick Saxon accent seriously.This fuzzily defined Saxon accent was typical of dignitaries of the former GDR, especially Walter Ulbricht, the first chairman of the former East German Communist Party, who often seemed like a caricature of the soulless Communist party drone in the flesh.A joke I’ve heard dozens of times is about the most common word spoken at the German-German border, namely Gänsefleisch “goose meat”. It takes the German sentence Können Sie vielleicht mal den Kofferraum aufmachen? “could you maybe open the boot [of your car]?” since border guards would check every traveller meticulously. Saxon speakers contract this to Gänsefleisch mal’n Goffaraum uffmachen?, which demonstrates the deaspiration of /k/ as well as unrounding the /œ/ to /e/.BavarianBavarians catch a lot of flak from the rest of Germany. Compared to other German states, Bavarians take a lot of pride in their regional identity, their culture, tradional dress and also their dialect. It’s worth noting that when talking about “Bavarian”, this does not include Franconia, which pretty much covers the entire north of the territory of the state of Bavaria. They became a part of Bavaria only after the Napoleonic Wars and have their own dialect and identity. It also excludes Swabia, whose dialect is Alemannic.Bavarian is an oft-parodied dialect that evokes the image of a stocky, simple-minded, beer-loving farmer that loves to spend his evenings in the local pub playing cards and always smells faintly of dung. He wears Lederhosen and a green felt hat and has a robust, conservative and staunchly Catholic worldview.Bavarian sounds a lot “broader” than Standard German owing to its more complex vowel system which includes a great number of diphthongs; especially /oa/, which is a reflex of Middle High German /ei/, sticks out. Bavarian also has phenomena like L-vocalisation, unaspirated voiceless plosives (like Saxon) and massive cliticisation of pronouns, leading to words that foreigners may deem unpronouneable: hosdn scho bschdöid? “did you order it already?”, which is hast du ihn schon bestellt? in the standard and which I’d pronounce as [ˈhɔsd̥n̩ ʃɔ bʃd̥œʏd̥] (note the ad-hoc spelling, which replaces T with D in an effort to capture the missing aspiration).Bavarian dialects are actually a multilayered ouroboros of mutual disdain. Upper Bavarians despise Lower Bavarians, whose dialect seems to them as “Bavarian” in general seems to the rest of Germany - that of a dumb yokel. Of course, it’s the other way around too. Both agree that the Bavarian spoken north of the Danube, in the Upper Palatinate region, is the pinnacle of ridiculousness - Upper Palatinate Bavarian is very fond of the diphthong /ou/, leading to the joke of “how do you make someone from the Upper Palatinate Forest bark? Tell him there’s free beer to be had” (he’ll ask Wo? Wo? “where, where”, which comes out as [wou wou] in his dialect).There is probably a lot more dialectal snobbery in Germany, and I haven’t even started on Austria and Switzerland (Christian R. Vornberg might have an interesting perspective here). But I feel Bavarian and Saxon are two highly visible examples that often get cited as kind of weird by Germans.

If you’re reading this, chances are you appreciate the thrill of turning a fast corner as much as you enjoy laying down a big patch of rubber. There really is more to life than living it a quarter-mile at a time, and this realization is clearly becoming more and more widespread as the popularity of Drifting and Time Attack continue to grow. But carving the perfect corner isn’t as simple as screaming “yeehaw,” mashing the go-pedal to the floor and cranking the wheel in the direction you want to go, despite what the Dukes of Hazzard may have taught you.Nope, in the real world, handling balance and the dynamic behavior of your car at speed while entering, executing and exiting a corner depends on a number of factors including roll stiffness, or how much your car resists lateral (or side-to-side) weight transfer and the body roll that comes with it.Shock absorbers, coil springs and suspension geometry all play critical roles in controlling weight transfer and limiting body roll, which in turn control wheel alignment and allow each tire to stay in more consistent contact with the road, maximizing mechanical grip in the process. Understanding and effectively adjusting the relationship between spring rates, shock damping, ride height and suspension geometry can be a daunting task for a newcomer to suspension tuning, which is exactly why upgrading anti-sway bars is such a popular modification.These relatively simple devices, alternatively known as sway bars, stabilizer bars, roll bars or anti-roll bars, bolt to the chassis in a central location across the front and rear axle lines and connect to each side of the front and rear suspension via end links. This design links the front left suspension and tire to the front right and the rear left suspension and tire to the rear right, helping control body roll while still allowing each corner of the car’s suspension to act independently.The way anti-sway bars achieve this function is by twisting, rather than compressing like a coil spring, so its torsional stiffness is what determines its lever force and thus the extent to which it limits body roll. As the suspension on one side of the vehicle compresses from lateral acceleration and body rolls as a result, the anti-sway bar lever arm on the compressed side of the car will twist upward as the control arm it’s attached to moves upward, while the lever at the other end of the anti-sway bar will twist downward as the suspension on the deweighted side of the car extends into droop.The anti-sway bar’s ability to resist this twisting is determined by its torsional rigidity or stiffness, which in turn determines its ability to limit body roll. The stiffer the anti-sway bar is, the more the compressing force on the outside of the car is transferred across the chassis, helping keep the inside suspension loaded and increasing its contact patch. In other words, an anti-sway bar helps redirect the load being forced onto one side of the chassis during cornering by resisting the twisting motion that results from one side of the vehicle’s suspension compressing while the other side extends. This reduces body roll and helps keep some load on the inside tires during cornering, but too stiff a setup can actually reduce the freedom with which each corner of the suspension acts independently, meaning you can start to lift the inside tire in the slower and more severe corners if you run too aggressive a sway bar setup. WRC driver Chris Atkinson does a great job of explaining this tradeoff in the video below.The torsional rigidity or stiffness of the bar and its ability to limit body roll is a function of its diameter, the stiffness of the material used and whether it’s solid or hollow, the length of the lever arms that connect the bar to the suspension, the geometry of the bar as determined by its mounting points, and the rigidity of the bar’s mounting points (and probably a few others I’ve missed). Just in case you’re into math, the torsional (or twisting) motion of the bar is governed by the equation: Twist = (2 x torque x length) / (pi (3.14) x diameter4 x material modulus). Diameter is in the denominator, so it gets larger as the amount of twist gets smaller. Further analysis of this formula reveals that torsional rigidity is a function of diameter to the fourth power, which means that even very small increases in anti-sway bar diameter make a large difference in torsional rigidity.But judging anti-sway bar performance by diameter alone is really not very useful, since OEM bars are often solid while aftermarket bars tend to use hollow material with higher torsional rigidity for any given diameter. The number of bends in the bar also affects its torsional rigidity, so a bar with a lot of bends (to clear things like tie rods and exhaust components) needs to use a larger diameter to achieve the same spring rate as a straight bar, all other variables being equal.To illustrate this point, look at the OEM rear sway bar off Project ASS2000 (’03 Honda S2000) andEibach‘s rear bar for the car. The OE bar is 27.2mm in diameter and is a hollow bar with a 5.3mm sidewall, giving it a spring rate of 417 lb/in. The Eibach two-way adjustable rear bar is 29mm in diameter, also hollow construction but of unspecified wall thickness, and is rated at 515 lb/in in Position 1 and 605 lb/in in Position 2. So even though the Eibach bar is 1.8mm larger in diameter, which would lead some to believe it’s close to 40% stiffer than stock (if you use the same math as the above G35 example), because it (presumably) has a different wall thickness and perhaps a different material choice (the Eibach bar is made from 4043, or at least its part# suggests as much) than the OE bar, it’s actually just 19% stiffer in Position 1 and 31% stiffer in Position 2.As you’ve no doubt surmised, the positions and thus stiffness of the bar is adjusted simply by lengthening (softer) or shortening (stiffer)the bar based on the mounting position used to connect it to the endlinks. Using the endlink mounting point closest to beginning of the lever arm shortens the lever and increases its stiffness. Similarly, by using the mounting location closest to the end of the lever, the lever is made longer and its roll stiffness reduced. Whiteline offers quite a good explanation of bar adjustability in the video below.Now that we’ve covered the basics of how anti-sway bars help control body roll, we can move on to discussing their other primary duty. Automakers and aftermarket tuning companies both use anti-sway bars to adjust the relative front and rear roll stiffness of the vehicle in question, which helps determine how much it will understeer or oversteer when thrown into a corner (in conjunction with the shock and spring package, of course, along with tire compound, wheel alignment and suspension geometry).This is really what most tuners and go-fast geeks care about, because by changing the relative front and rear anti-sway bar torsional rigidity and roll stiffness, you can dial out any unwanted understeer (where the front tires lose grip and respond less to steering inputs) or even dial in some oversteer (where the rear tires lose grip and allow the tail end of the car to swing around) for activities like drifting, autocrossing or general Ken Block hooning.If your car suffers from understeer like most factory stock vehicle does (because the automakers like to dial in quite a bit of understeer for safety purposes), to reduce this simply soften the front anti-sway bar or stiffen the rear anti-sway bar. The more common approach is to stiffen the rear bar because it reduces unwanted body roll, whereas softening the front bar would increase it. In the case of the ASS2000, which has very little understeer in stock form and is actually quite tail happy, we upgraded to front and rear Eibach bars because the added roll stiffness will better match the higher grip Hankook Ventus RS-3 tires we’ve equipped it with, plus we wanted the adjustability these bars offer so we can dial in the handling balance to our taste. Plus the Eibach bars are red, and everyone knows red is faster than black (OE bar colour).Be aware, however, that upgrading your car’s anti-sway bars isn’t without compromise. Because anti-sway bars connect the front and rear wheels on opposite sides of the vehicle, stiffer bars will transmit more road harshness because bumps experienced by the left-side wheels will be transmitted to the right-side wheels. This is especially noticeable over rough roads, where stiffer sway bars tend to result in a harsher ride quality as the bars fight against the abrupt side-to-side movements of the chassis. However, the upside to controlling body roll via stiffer anti-sway bars, compared to doing so with stiffer shocks and springs, is that unlike stiffer shocks and springs, antisway bars don’t make the suspension stiffer in the vertical plane, meaning stiffer anti-sway bars can help control body roll with less compromise to overall ride quality.Using anti-sway bars to reduce body roll, to maximize contact patch consistency of all four tires, and to adjust handling balance front-to-rear continues to be one of the simplest and most cost-effective ways to help you and your car carve faster corners. You won’t see as much of an improvement from upgrading sway bars as you would from an upgrade that includes adjustable shocks and stiffer springs, but if maintaining civilized street manners while giving your ride improved handling characteristics for under $500 is your goal, you simply can’t beat a high-quality pair of adjustable anti-sway bars from a company with years of experience in the suspension tuning department like Eibach, Whiteline or KW.source: How Sway Bars Work and Why You Should Care (“sway bars and anti roll bars are the same”)

It does. A ton of them:“alose "sorte de poisson", du gaulois alausa.alouette: du gaulois alauda.ambassade: du celtique ambactos. Les "ambactes" celtiques étaient de courtisans ou des client.ardoise: parfois ramené au gaulois *aritisia. Dérivé du nom des Ardennes.arpent: du gaulois arepennis.auvent: remonte au gaulois *ande-banno- composé de banno- "corne,pointe" et d'un préfixe ande- qui doit signifier "devant" ou "sous".banne (bannette): "corbeille", et benne: "véhicule ou wagon de transport": du gaulois benna "sorte de véhicule".bec: du gaulois becco- "bec de gallinacée"bercer: du latin de Gaule *bertiare "il brandit, il agite".berle: "plante aquatique", apparenté au nom celtique de "cresson", d'un ancien *berura, beruro-. Probablement dérivé d'un nom de l'eau vive, *bher-u-.berret: (*birretum) est un diminutif du mot gaulois latinisé birrus (ou birrum), qui désignait un mateau court, avec capuche.bief: canal de dérivation, apparenté aux noms du "fossé", doit remonter au gaulois *bedu-.bille: au sens de "tronc d'arbre", remonte probablement au gaulois *bilio- ou bilia.blaireau: vient d'un adj. blair désignant une sort de cheval.borne: doit remonter à un gaulois bodina ou budina.bouc: de *bukko-.boue: issu d'un celtique *bawa.bouge: "établissement mal famé", du gaulois bulga "sac de cuir".bouleau: d'origine gauloise *betuo-. Betu- devait être le nom de la "poix", obtenue en chauffant de jeunes arbres pleins de sève.braie: de braca "braie", c'est à dire pantalon gaulois.brai ou brais: "sorte de céréale, orge broyé pour la fabrication de la bière", gaulois brace. On connait mieux le dérivé "brasser".breuil: connu aujourd'hui surtout dans les toponymes et les noms de famille qui en proviennent. Sens probable "champ". Dérivé du gaulois brogi.brigand: paraît être d'origine celtique: cf le nom de peuple breton Brigantes dérivé de briga "lieu élevé".briser: comparable au v.irl. brissid "il brise".brochet et broc "récipient": proviennent certainement de l'adj. latin brocc(h)us "aux dents proéminentes", cf "blaireau", il n'est pas impossible qu'il ait été emprunté au gaulois.bruyère: du gaulois latinisé brucaria.caillou: du gaulois *calio- "dur", puis "testicule" (ou corne).cervoise: "bière", gaulois ceruesia, *keruisia.change: du gaulois cambion.char: du latin carrus lui-même d'origine gauloise. Les Gaulois avaient dévéloppé la technique de la charronnerie, si bien que les Latins leur ont emprunté plusieurs noms de véhicule.charpente: de *karbento- ou *karbanto-, mot gaulois désignant une charrette aménagée pour le transport des objets encombrants (chariot), ou pour servir de char de guerre.charrue: de carruca "sorte de voiture".chat-huant: réinterpétation d'un *chauan dont on connait la variante dialectale chouan. Vient du gaulois cauannus "chouette".chemin: du gaulois latinisé *cammino, dérivé du nom d'action du verbe marcher *kamman-.chêne: du gaulois *cassano-.claie: du gaulois *cleta.combe: du gaulois cumba "fond de navire".craindre: gaulois *crina.crème: issu du croisement du latin chrisma "chrême" avec un mot indigène *kram- "croûte".creux: d'origine celtique probable.darne: "morceau de poisson", à comparer au breton darn "partie".drap: de *drappo-.drèche: "résidu du malt" pourrait être d'origine celtique: *drasica.dru: "fort, dense" du gaulois druto-.étain: du latin stagnum, stannum "plomb argentifère, étain", peut être d'origine gauloise car l'étamage semble une technique d'origine gauloise.gaillard: dérivé du gaulois *galia "la force".glaise: du gaulois *gliso- "blanc, brillant".glaner: du gaulois latinisé glenare "choisir, amasser".gober: dérivé du gaulois *gobbo- "bec".gosier: du gaulois geusiae désignant l'entrée de la gorge.gouge: "ciseau de menuisier au fer arrondi" du gaulois gulbia.grève: d'un mot celtique *graua "gravier".if: du gaulois iuos.jable: "rainure retenant le fond d'un tonneau", semble venir du gaulois latinisé gabulum "potence".jambe, jambon, etc.: pourrait venir du gaulois *camba > *gamba.jante: du gaulois *cambita devenu *gambita, de cambo- "courbe".chant (au sens de "section latérale, côté"), canton: l'origine celtique a longtemps été défendue avec le rapprochement du gaulois cantalon.jarret: d'un gaulois *garra, formation de diminutif *garrito- "petite jambe".javelle: "brassée d'épis", probablement apparenté au thème verbal celtique gab- "prendre".javelot: serait d'origine celtique, cf le mot celtique gabalus "gibet" ou le thème celtique *gab- "prendre" (le javelot comportait généralement une lanière permettant de lancer avec plus de force).lande: du gaulois *landa.lauze "pierre plate", losange: probablement du celtique *lausa.lieue: "unité de longueur", du celtique leuca. Elle faisait une fois et demie le mille romain.limande: du latin lima "lime" et du suffixe celtique -anta.loche: "poisson", peut être du celtique *laukka.lotte: "poisson", peut être d'un celtique *lotta.luge: remonte à (s)leuda ou à un dérivé leudia, leudico- "faire mouvoir".marne: est une altération de marle qui vient de *margila, dérivé de marga.mine: vient du latin mina, issue d'un substrat prélatin, mais d'origine celtique non assurée.mouton: d'un gaulois *multo.ouche: "champ labourable", d'origine celtique, a perdu un p- initial.palefroi: "cheval destiné aux dames", composé avec le préfixe grec para- "à côté de", de ue-redus "cheval de voyage" dont l'ancêtre gaulois devait être *uo-reido- avec préfix uo- "sous" de *upo-, et un second terme tiré du thème verbal *reid- voyager.petit: l'adjectif est probablement d'origine celtique.pièce: à comparer au mot celtique insulaire remontant à *kwezdi- signifiant "pièce", qui ferait supposer un gaulois *petsi-.quai, chai: du gaulois caio- qui devait être plus anciennenment *kagion, sur le thème *kagh- "contenir, fermer".raie: du gaulois *rica "sillon".roche: vient d'un mot prélatin *rokka, supposé d'origine celtique.rouanne: "instrument de sabotier".ruche: du gaulois *rusca ou *rusco- "écorce".saie: "tunique gauloise", du gaulois latinisé sagum.sillon: "bande de terre à labourer".soc: "pièce métallique de la charrue, destiné à ouvrir le sillon", de *sukko- qui désignait le porc. Le soc, par ce nom, était métaphoriquement comparé à la tête du porc qui fouit la terre.souche: provient d'un prototype celtique avec affriquée *tsukka "tronc".suie: vient du gaulois *sudia.talus: d'un mot celtique talutium "pente indiquant la présence d'une mine d'or", et du gaulois talo- "front".tan: "écorce de chêne, traitée, servant à tanner le cuir", du gaulois *tanno- "sorte de chêne".tanche: du gaulois tinca.taranche: "grosse cheville de fer qui sert à tourner la vis d'un pressoir", du gaulois tarinca ou taringa "broche de fer".tarière: de *taratron, sur le thème verbal "traverser".trogne: du gaulois *trugna "nez".truand: du gaulois trugant- "malheureux, voué à la mort".truie: du latin tardif troia, remonte à un gaulois *trogia "accouchement, mise bas, rejeton".vandoise: "petit poisson blanc", "ablette", du gaulois *uindesia dérivé de *uindo- "blanc".vanne, venne: "barrage", du latin tardif venna, peut être en rapport avec le thème *wi-n-H- "enclore, étang".vassal, valet: formé sur un vieux mot celtique *uasso- "serviteur", pourrait remonter à *ue-st(H)o- "qui se tient au dessous".vautre: "chien de chasse", du gaulois uer-tragos, composé avec le préfixe intensif *uer- sur un thème *tregh- / *tragh- " courir".vergne, verne: "aulne".vouge: "serpe pour élaguer les arbres, lance avec un fer long et large", du gaulois uidubium composé *uidu-bio- "qui coupe le bois".”Mots Français d'origine GauloiseGermanic words:“aalénien (Geol.)abandon "abandonment" (< OFr à bandon < ML *bandum < Frk *ban < Gmc *ban-, band-)abandonnerabandonnementabandonnataireabandonnéabandonnéeabandonnémentabandonneurabandonneuseabâtardir "to abase" (< Fr à bâtard < ML bastardus, OFr bastard < Gmc *bāst-, bōst- + Gmc *-hard-)abâtardissementabâtardiabigotirabord "approach" (< Fr à bord < OFr bord, bort < Frk *bord < Gmc *borþam)aborderabordageabordableabordéabordéeabordeurabotaboter (also abotter)abotéaboteauabotterabottéabouter "(trade term) to join the ends of something" ( < à + OFr boter < Frk *bautan, bōtan (cf Frk *but "end", ON bútr) < Gmc)aboutaboutéaboutageaboutementaboutir "to arrive at, end in" ( < à + OFr boter < Frk *bautan, bōtan (cf Frk *but "end", ON bútr) < Gmc)aboutiaboutissantaboutissementaboutonnerabraquer (Naut.) "to direct" ( < à + braquer "to direct, point" < ON brāka "to fix, set on, weaken" < Gmc)abri "shelter" ( < OFr abrier "to cover" < LL abrigare < a- + brigare "to cover" < Frk *berihan "to cover" and Frk *berc, geberc "asylum, protection" < Gmc, cf OHG birihan "to cover", OE (be)wrēon"to cover", OHG bergan "to cover, hide")abri-fou (also abrifou)abri-galantabri-sous-rocheabri-vent (also abrivent)abrierabrier (also abreyer) "to protect, guarantee"abriterabriter "to shelter"abritéabritantabritementabroutir "to crop"abroutiabroutisabuteraccon (also acon) "barge"acconnage (also aconnage)acconnieraccore (Naut.) "piece of wood serving as a ship's stay"accoreraccrocher "to hook, hook up, tear with a hook" ( < à + Fr croc < ON krókr, kráka "hook" < Gmc)accrocaccrocheaccrochableaccrochageaccroche-cœuraccroche-lumièreaccroche-plataccroche-tubesaccrocheuraccrocheuseaccroupir "to cower down, squat" ( < à + Fr croupe "rump" < OFr crope < ON kroppr, kryppa < Gmc)achôcre (Dial) "awkward; good for nothing" ( < Norm "brutal, rough" < ON skakr "a scolding" < Gmc)achopper "to stumble" ( < à + Fr chopper < OFr choper < Gmc, cf Germ schupfen)achoppementacre "acre" ( < L *acrum < Gmc, cf Goth akr, OE æcer, Eng acre, Germ Acker)adouber "to arm, strike" ( < Fr à + douber < OFr duber & dober < Gmc, cf OE dubban "to dub")aéro-clubaffaît "ridge"affaîteraffaler "to lower a rope, drive toward the shore" ( < Dut afhalen < Gmc)affaléaffalementaffourrager "to feed, fodder"affourragementaffranchir "to free" ( < à + Fr franc < OFr franc < Gmc)affranchiaffranchieaffranchissantaffranchisseuraffranchissementenfranchisementaffres (also affre) "pangs" ( < Prov affre < Goth aifrs < Gmc)affrètementaffréter "to freight, lade" ( < à + Fr fret "freight" < Gmc)affréteuraffreux "frightful, horrible" ( < à + Fr affre "fright, terror" < OFr afre < Gmc, cf OHG eiver)affreaffreuseaffreusementagacer "to set on edge" ( < It agazzare < OHG hazjan "to harry" < Gmc)age (Agric.) "tiller, ploughshare" ( < OFr haie < Frk *hagja "hedge, fence" < Gmc, cf Germ Hecke, OE hecg "hedge")agasse "magpie" ( < OHG agalstra < Gmc)agourmandiagourmandieagrafe "hook, clasp" ( < OFr agrape < LL *agrappa < ad + *grappa < Gmc, cf OHG krapfo)agraferagraféagrafeuragrafeuseagrafureagrapperagrappeagrapeagréer "to rig"agrès "(naut) tackling, rigging" ( < gréer "to rig" < Gmc *garaiþjanan "to ready")agrifferagrincher (also agricher) ( < Frk *grīpjan "to seize" < Gmc)agrincheagrincheuragripper "to grip, grab"agrippantagrippementagrippeuragrippeuseagrippe-rossignolsagrouperagroupéagroupementaguerrir "to accustom to war" ( < à + Fr guerre < OFr guerre < Frk *werra < Gmc *werra)aguerriaguerrieaguerrissementaguet (usu. pl. aguets) "ambush, wait" ( < OFr aguet < guetter < Frk *wahtōn < *wahta < Gmc)aguetteraguicheraguichageaguichantaguichéaguicherieaguicheuraguicheuseaguimpéaguimpéeaheurter "to be bent on, be stubborn" ( < à + Fr heurter < Gmc)aheurtéaheurtementahonterahurir "to amaze" ( < à + Fr hure < Gmc)ahuriahurieahurissantahurissementaigrefin "swindler"aigrefineaigrette "egret" ( < OFr aigrette < OProv aigreta < aigron "heron" < OHG heigaro "heron" < Gmc)aire "eyry" ( < Germ aren "to make a nest" < aar "eagle" < Gmc)aigretté (also aigreté)-ais adjective suffix ( < LL -iscus < Frk *-isk < Gmc, cf OE -isc "-ish")-aisealamanniquealan (also alain)albocheale "ale"alêne (also alène) "awl" ( < OFr alesne < OHG alasna, alansa < Gmc)alènéalérion ( < Frk *adalaro, adalarjo "eagle, noble eagle" < Gmc)alize (also alise) "lote-tree berry" ( < Gmc, cf OHG elira)allemand "German" ( < Lat Allemanni < Gmc)allemandeallemanderieallemaniséalleu (also aleu) "allodial property, allodial ownership" ( < OFr alou, aloud < MerovLat *allodium < Frk *allōd- < all- "all" + ōd "patrimony" < Gmc, cf OHG alôd)franc-alleualleutier (also aleutier)allo (also allô) "hello"allodial "allodial"allodialeallodialitéallotir "to allot"allotissementalpenstockalque ( < Norw alke < ON alka < Gmc)alsacienamadeamadouer "to coax, cajole" ( MFr a- + madouer "to lure, give meat to" < ON mata (Dan made) "to lure, feed" < Gmc, cf Goth matjan "to eat")amadouamadouageamadouéamadoueuramadoueuseamadouementamadouvieramarelleamarrer "to moor"amarreamarréamarrageamarrageamatirambassade "embassy"…. etc.”List of French words of Germanic origin (A-B) - WikipediaList of French words of Germanic origin - Wikipedia