Unit 4 Test Review Periodic Table: Fill & Download for Free

It is merely foolish American tradition. Stuck in the mud. Almost None of the answers here seem to be aware that there are other school systems in the English speaking world. Most of the answers here seem to think it is because the kids need higher level math. This is incorrect. The idea that there is a good reason why American chemistry has to be taught in 10th grade is not true. It is Poppycock.The need for higher math would not explain how it being taught at a younger age in England. The English years 7, 8, and 9, when pupils are aged between 11 and 14, are called key stage 3 in England. In America this is grade 6, 7, and 8. Middle school. The students in England learn biology, chemistry, and physics at these ages in England. Then there is more of it after 14. If students can do it in England, it can be done in America too. This narrow parochial attitude of American education should be stomped on. Hard. There is NO reason why American students cannot be taught the curriculum below. The main reason is teacher and school districts dislike, ignorance, and fear of science education. And a lack of a rigorous national curriculum. Without a real basic common science education Americans cannot discuss basic ideas coherently as citizens. Most American get far less than the educational subjects in chemistry listed below that are taught in England between what wold be American 6th and 10th grades.Here it is, The National Science curriculum for chemistry from 2013 for key stage 3 in England. At the end of this stage, pupils aged 14, in Year 9 (American 8th) are assessed as part of the national programme of National Curriculum assessment:Subject content – Chemistry Pupils should be taught about:The particulate nature of matterthe properties of the different states of matter (solid, liquid and gas) in terms of the particle model, including gas pressurechanges of state in terms of the particle model.Atoms, elements and compoundsa simple (Dalton) atomic modeldifferences between atoms, elements and compoundschemical symbols and formulae for elements and compoundsconservation of mass changes of state and chemical reactions.Pure and impure substancesthe concept of a pure substancemixtures, including dissolvingdiffusion in terms of the particle modelsimple techniques for separating mixtures: filtration, evaporation, distillation and chromatographythe identification of pure substances.Chemical reactionschemical reactions as the rearrangement of atomsrepresenting chemical reactions using formulae and using equationscombustion, thermal decomposition, oxidation and displacement reactionsdefining acids and alkalis in terms of neutralisation reactionsthe pH scale for measuring acidity/alkalinity; and indicators reactions of acids with metals to produce a salt plus hydrogen reactions of acids with alkalis to produce a salt plus water what catalysts do.Energeticsenergy changes on changes of state (qualitative)exothermic and endothermic chemical reactions (qualitative).The Periodic Tablethe varying physical and chemical properties of different elementsthe principles underpinning the Mendeleev Periodic Tablethe Periodic Table: periods and groups; metals and non-metalshow patterns in reactions can be predicted with reference to the Periodic Tablethe properties of metals and non-metalsthe chemical properties of metal and non-metal oxides with respect to acidity.Materialsthe order of metals and carbon in the reactivity seriesthe use of carbon in obtaining metals from metal oxidesproperties of ceramics, polymers and composites (qualitative).Earth and atmospherethe composition of the Earththe structure of the Earththe rock cycle and the formation of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocksEarth as a source of limited resources and the efficacy of recyclingthe carbon cyclethe composition of the atmospherethe production of carbon dioxide by human activity and the impact on climate.Working scientifically through the content across all three disciplines (bio, chem and physics), pupils should be taught to:Scientific attitudes:pay attention to objectivity and concern for accuracy, precision, repeatability and reproducibilityunderstand that scientific methods and theories develop as earlier explanations are modified to take account of new evidence and ideas, together with the importance of publishing results and peer reviewevaluate risks.Experimental skills and investigations:ask questions and develop a line of enquiry based on observations of the real world, alongside prior knowledge and experiencemake predictions using scientific knowledge and understandingselect, plan and carry out the most appropriate types of scientific enquiries to test predictions, including identifying independent, dependent and control variables, where appropriateuse appropriate techniques, apparatus, and materials during fieldwork and laboratory work, paying attention to health and safetymake and record observations and measurements using a range of methods for different investigations; and evaluate the reliability of methods and suggest possible improvementsapply sampling techniques.Analysis and evaluation :apply mathematical concepts and calculate resultspresent observations and data using appropriate methods, including tables and graphsinterpret observations and data, including identifying patterns and using observations, measurements and data to draw conclusionspresent reasoned explanations, including explaining data in relation to predictions and hypothesesevaluate data, showing awareness of potential sources of random and systematic erroridentify further questions arising from their results.Measurement:understand and use SI units and IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) chemical nomenclatureuse and derive simple equations and carry out appropriate calculationsundertake basic data analysis including simple statistical techniquesIn Key Stage 4 which is known as Year 10 and Year 11, when pupils are aged between 14 and 16 (American 9th and 10th) this is the chemistry that is taught.Atomic structure and the Periodic Table •a simple model of the atom consisting of the nucleus and electrons, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopesthe number of particles in a given mass of a substancethe modern Periodic Table, showing elements arranged in order of atomic numberposition of elements in the Periodic Table in relation to their atomic structure and arrangement of outer electronsproperties and trends in properties of elements in the same groupcharacteristic properties of metals and non-metalschemical reactivity of elements in relation to their position in the Periodic Table.Structure, bonding and the properties of matter •changes of state of matter in terms of particle kinetics, energy transfers and the relative strength of chemical bonds and intermolecular forcestypes of chemical bonding: ionic, covalent, and metallicbulk properties of materials related to bonding and intermolecular forcesbonding of carbon leading to the vast array of natural and synthetic organic compounds that occur due to the ability of carbon to form families of similar compounds, chains and ringsstructures, bonding and properties of diamond, graphite, fullerenes and graphene.Chemical changes •determination of empirical formulae from the ratio of atoms of different kindsbalanced chemical equations, ionic equations and state symbolsidentification of common gasesthe chemistry of acids; reactions with some metals and carbonatespH as a measure of hydrogen ion concentration and its numerical scaleelectrolysis of molten ionic liquids and aqueous ionic solutionsreduction and oxidation in terms of loss or gain of oxygen.Energy changes in chemistry •Measurement of energy changes in chemical reactions (qualitative)Bond breaking, bond making, activation energy and reaction profiles (qualitative).Rate and extent of chemical change •factors that influence the rate of reaction: varying temperature or concentration, changing the surface area of a solid reactant or by adding a catalystfactors affecting reversible reactions.Chemical analysisdistinguishing between pure and impure substancesseparation techniques for mixtures of substances: filtration, crystallisation, chromatography, simple and fractional distillationquantitative interpretation of balanced equationsconcentrations of solutions in relation to mass of solute and volume of solvent.Chemical and allied industrieslife cycle assessment and recycling to assess environmental impacts associated with all the stages of a product's life •the viability of recycling of certain materials •carbon compounds, both as fuels and feedstock, and the competing demands for limited resources •fractional distillation of crude oil and cracking to make more useful materials •extraction and purification of metals related to the position of carbon in a reactivity series.Earth and atmospheric science •evidence for composition and evolution of the Earth’s atmosphere since its formationevidence, and uncertainties in evidence, for additional anthropogenic causes of climate changepotential effects of, and mitigation of, increased levels of carbon dioxide and methane on the Earth’s climatecommon atmospheric pollutants: sulphur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, particulates and their sourcesthe Earth’s water resources and obtaining potable water.

Chemistry can be a tough subject to learn, especially if you aren’t going about studying this complicated science the right way. While there are no secret shortcuts to help you master Chemistry overnight, you can make it easier by studying the right way. Once you know the best ways to spend your study time and prepare for lessons, you can focus on understanding the concepts better.Prepping for ChemistryBrush up on your math. There are going to be a number of formulas and equations that you need to solve in order to learn chemistry. If you can't remember how to solve logs or quadratic equations, it's a good idea to review some algebra problems. They will help you to do similar problems in your chemistry coursework. Some of the match concepts you should familiarize yourself with includeAlgebraic equations (writing and solving them)ExponentsNegative numbersScientific notationFractionsLogorithmsLearn to read and understand the periodic table and its trends. Learning the elements is essential to success in chemistry. Just as you would struggle with math if you did not know the difference between numbers, it is vital to learn how to read and understand what is on the periodic table. You will also need to understand how the trends of the periodic table work to learn more complex concepts in chemistry. Some important trends to learn about includeElectronegativityIonization energyAtomic radiusElectron affinityStudy all the core concepts and learn how to solve problems step by step. This would begin with understanding the metric system, the scientific method, chemical nomenclature and atomic structure. The reason many people find chemistry difficult is they do not fully understand these fundamental concepts before trying to study more advanced subjects.Many of the fundamental concepts of chemistry can be learned through university websites that provide learning materials free.[2]You can also find helpful guidebooks, such as SparkNotes or the "For Dummies" books, at your local bookstore.Write concepts out by hand.[3] Studies have shown that when you write by hand you're more likely to remember the concepts.[4]Make flashcards. Anytime you learn a new word or concept, make a flashcard for it. This is great for the periodic table as well as many other principles. Go through the flashcards several times a week to keep the information fresh in your mind.Learn mnemonic memorization techniques. Try thinking of each element as a different symbol, such as an apple or a football. It can be anything you can picture in your mind when you think of the element. It may seem counter-intuitive, but by creating strong associations you will have an easier time remembering information.[5]Think three-dimensionally. Use visual aids to help understand the texts.[6] You are trained to read the textbook with 2D drawings of molecules, but keep in mind that chemistry is in the 3D world. Use a 3D model or train your mind to picture any molecular structure in 3D.*The University of Liverpool runs a website called ChemTube 3D that has free interactive animations and structures for many chemistry concepts. It will even run on your phone or tablet.[7]What fundamental core concepts of chemistry do you need to learn before moving to more advanced subjects?Measurement systemsThe scientific methodChemical nomenclatureAtomic structureAll of the aboveReading TextbooksChoose a quality textbook that covers all the important concepts. Don’t go for a book because it seems like it is an easier text. You may just feel like you have learned chemistry without really understanding the essential principles. [8] To find a good textbook, take a look at some university bookstores and see which texts their professors prefer.Solve text questions as you encounter them. Practice your problem solving skills by solving textbook problems as you come to them. These problems are inserted to solidify your understanding of the text. Work the problems until you can get the right answer and understand the steps that got you there. [9]Don’t skim the text. You need to understand the principles. If something doesn’t seem right, take the time to figure it out. Use the index to help you find answers to things you don’t understand.*If you're still having trouble, try to find a tutor or a friend who's better at chemistry to help you out. You can also ask your teacher or professor. Write down any questions you think of while reading the textbook and ask your teacher or professor the next day.Ask yourself questions about the formulas. When you learn a new formula, ask yourself questions to be sure you understand the concept. Memorizing the formulas won't help you to apply them properly in lab or during exams. Ask yourself the following questions when learning a new formula:[10]What system or change does this formula describe?What do the variables mean and what are their units? (Units can help you to understand what you need to do next.)When and how should this formula be applied?What is the significance?Experimenting with LabsPractice the concepts. Getting a chance to physically create the abstract concepts of chemistry in a lab will help to build a stronger understanding.[11] Some people will find they have an easier time grasping the lesson when they are doing it instead of reading about it.Try to see links between lab studies and content in your reading and texts. If you are taking a class, the labs are designed to support your current lessons and lectures. Pay close attention to pre-lab and post-lab assignments, as you will likely encounter the information on an exam.Practice scientific methods. Chemistry is ultimately a science performed in a lab. Seize the opportunity to learn hands-on by experimentation. It will give you a chance to brush up on your knowledge of measurements and equations. It can even be fun.Score0 / 4Method 3 QuizWhy are chemistry labs important?They allow you to blow things up.They provide relief from lectures.They allow you to practice what you've read.Method4EditDeveloping Good Study Habits1.1Study for at least one hour every day. Reviewing your materials daily will help solidify your knowledge. Studying for a shorter amount of time every day for a week will give you better results than studying the whole day before a test.[12]*Just like athletes practice their sport every day to get better, you have to do the same to learn and get better at chemistry.[13]*Chemistry concepts build on each other, so if you do not fully understand a concept, then you won’t understand other concepts that build on that concept.2.2Complete all of the assigned homework. The homework for chemistry class is essential to helping you learn the concepts and pass the exams, and it may also comprise a large portion of your overall grade. If you do not complete all of the homework, then you will most likely struggle to understand the concepts and you may also fail the exams. Make sure to complete and submit all of the assigned homework on time.*If you don’t understand how to do the homework, arrange to meet with your professor during their office hours for help.Attend every class. Even though attendance may seem optional in a college level chemistry course, skipping even 1 class will put you behind and affect your ability to understand the concepts. Make sure that you attend every class and do not skip a class unless it is an actual emergency or you are too sick to attend.*If you must miss a class, arrange to get the notes from someone in attendance that day. Exchange numbers or email addresses with a couple of classmates early in the semester to ensure that you will have someone to contact.*Also, make sure to email your professor to let them know you will not be there that day. They might be willing to let you take any in-class quizzes during their office hours. You can also visit them during their office hours to ask questions and get additional help if needed.4Take good notes. Writing down important information will help you to remember it. If you are taking a class, write down all the important concepts from a lecture. Write down central ideas in your textbook, too. Even if you feel like you know it, writing it down will help you to remember it later.5Work with a study buddy. Two heads are better than one. Learning is much easier when you have someone taking the journey with you. If you ever struggle with a lesson they may be able to help you understand it by explaining how they figured it out. Likewise, you might reinforce your own knowledge by explaining concepts to them.6Talk to your professor. Your teacher or professor will have office hours. Go visit them and ask questions about elements of the material that you don't understand. Teachers are happy to give students a little extra help if they ask.[14] Just don't ask your question at 10:45PM the night before your exam and expect an answer.*Your professor may also give you a copy of an old exam to look at. This will help you determine the type of questions you may see on your exams, but it won't tell you exactly which specific questions you'll have to answer.

The Graduate Record Examination (GRE) is a test of your overall performance in terms of your quantitative aptitude, English language proficiency and analytical writing skills.The quantitative section deals with your high school math fundamentals. Questions from your basic math are asked in a brain teasing way. Tackling this section with ease requires lots of practice. The most important constraint is the time. You will have to solve the paper within the allotted time.The following information provides you with a detailed insight into the quantitative section along with some useful math tips that will help improve your score.Areas of concern for GRE quant sectionThe GRE Quant Section concentrates primarily on 4 major areas namelyArithmeticAlgebraGeometryData analysisOne should not anticipate direct and easily solvable questions in the Math section of the GRE paper. You will be asked questions from the above mentioned concepts in a twisted fashion. These questions take much of your time if you are not prepared well. The questions might involve a single concept or else might be based on more than one concept.Usually, the questions asked are the ones involving more than one concept. The crux of the given problem involves simple logic and if you are one among those who strike the right chord, you will surely be successful. For such ability, you will require lot of practice and some tips to improve your aptitude and save time. GRE Quantitative tips will help you a lot.ArithmeticUnderstanding the number family such as prime, positive, negative, even and odd numbers is the key to scoring in Arithmetic’s.Familiarity with elementary mathematics such as ratios, decimals, percentage, probability, etc could be established through preparative materials such as Kaplan’s Maths Guide and workbooks.The various rules associated with logical reasoning could be written down and reviewed periodically as logical reasoning always has an upper hand in solving these problems more easily when compared to formulas.AlgebraPractice should be initiated with simple questions followed by challenging problems.Basic algebra concentrates on variable manipulations and simplifying equations.Scratch paper must be used to solve these problems rather than attempting to solve them in your head. This technique avoids confusion and increases speed.Changing signs are the areas of common mistakes to look out for in Algebra. Continuous practice and clear understanding of concepts resolves these problems.GeometryYou could begin by mastering primary planar geometry involving lines, angles and basic shapes. Geometric formulas for basic calculations should be memorized.Diagrams must always be constructed for these types of questions. Illustrations are always a shortcut to solving geometry problems efficiently in lesser time than required.DataAnalysisData Analysis includes questions from statistics involving mean, median, mode, frequency distributions, charts, tables and graphs.Tackling these questions begin with scanning through the presented data to get a fundamental idea and focusing only on the conditions required for answering the questions.It is mandatory to keep an eye open to characteristics such as axes of graphs, units of measurements and orders of magnitude to avoid common conversion errors.More the practice, better are the chances of scoring in these questions.