Transitional Duty Activity Log: Fill & Download for Free

Here are a 5 examples of cultural practices that 'typical people living in the 21st century might find 'most strange'.1. Culture:The Aleuts and the Inuit, Arctic CirclePracticeWife swappingWhy 'typical people living in the 21st century might find it most strange'Most forms of marriage are usually associated with exclusive sexual access to the partners in that marriage. Active exchange of protagonists is considered to be infidelity, with penalties ranging from social opprobrium to, until recent times, outright criminalisation.Theory:There are two related theories that attempt to explain why this practice arose, both associated with the harshness of the environment. The first relates to the isolated nature of Inuit settlements, reduced sexual opportunities due to minimal population densities, and the high risk of male mortality during the long winter hunts. Basically, sexual exchange was a practical solution to likelihood that your man wouldn't be coming back, and if you had a lucky encounter with another guy who just happened to wander in, you had better make the most of it, because neither party would know when the next chance might be. The other argument is slightly more nuanced and is based the notion of sexual exchange as a means of cementing social relations between a geographically distributed, yet episodically dependent groups of related families. Both may be true, pertaining to the Inuit and the Aleut's respectively.Status:The rapid decline of traditional practices in the North, coupled with the widespread Christianisation of aboriginal tribes in the Artic, means that it's unlikely this tradition is still active2. Culture:The Yanomami, AmazonPracticeInfanticideWhy 'typical people living in the 21st century might find it most strange'Killing children is considered homicide and the one of the worst crimes one can commit.Theory:The famous 'Protein debate'. Infanticide amongst the Yanomami was considered a response to a lack of available food for the newborn, especially (or perhaps because of) an existing unweaned child. This was due the belief that there was a limited supply of mother's milk and that the second infant would compete with and therefore be a threat to, the elder child. Infanticide would take place immediately after birth and considered a form of abortion (which the Yanomami also practiced). If the second child made it beyond the first week, it would become a human being, accrue the associated rights of tribal membership and no longer be subject to being killed. Note, the mechanics of this transition might be familiar to us.Current status:The Yanomami were inadequately studied and perhaps can no longer be accurately studied in their 'pristine' state, given their history of contact with anthropologists and other unsavoury characters, usually associated with the logging industry. It is unknown whether this practice continues.3. Culture:The MiyanMin of Papua New GuineaPractice:Anthropophagy or CannibalismWhy 'typical people living in the 21st century might find it most strange'Eating human flesh is one of the great taboo's that many have considered to be universal. Surprisingly not illegal in many countries, it is certainly not a practice that can be openly admitted to or discussed in public.Theory:The Miyanmin actively hunted other humans for food. None of this eating-the-ashes-of-my-ancestors-so-they-may-live-on-in-me endo-cannibalism for the Miyanmin - they stole the women from neighbouring tribes, and killed the husbands of those wives, for food. The origin story of the Miyanmin might have something to do with it - the legendary man-eating snake Gururam attacked the Miyanmin village, which the men defended. Upon defeating this enemy, the snake's flesh - and the flesh of the humans it had previously consumed - was divided amongst the victors, and eaten.Status:Unknown whether this practice continues to exist.4. Culture:The Sambia of Papua New GuineaPracticeOral insemination of young males as part of the rite of passage to manhoodWhy 'typical people living in the 21st century might find it most strange'This would be considered systematic paedophilia or child abuseTheory:The Sambia believe that the default human form is female, and that masculininty is artificially created. The only way in which young males can become men is to pass through six stages of initiation, over a period of several years, in order for the 'semen producing organ' to be fully 'activated'. One of the stages of activation is through oral insemination of semen from the elders in the tribe. Every male in the Sambia tribe goes through this long term ritual until puberty, where upon the practice ceases and the newly created men take their turn in inseminating the next generation.Current status:Papua New Guinea is home to some of the most isolated tribes on earth. It is very likely this practice is continuing amongst the Sambia5. Culture:Arrente tribe, AustraliaPractice:Penile BifurcationWhy 'typical people living in the 21st century might find it most strange'This practice would be considered torture or sexual deviance of borderline criminal insanityTheory:Aboriginal tribes often have totems of animal spirits they encounter in the bush. The Arrente so happen to worship the Goanna, the largest extant lizard in Australia, a species which - unfortunately for young Arrente men - happens to have not one but two penises. Penile bifurcation is a rite of passage into manhood, and involves splitting the penis down its length with a sharpened stone, so that Arrente males can become one with their totem and true men of their tribe.Current status:Likely abandoned. Most aboriginal tribes have come in from the bush and live in the white man's worldConclusion:Mankind is hugely creative in how he understands his world, creates value systems and builds the institutions that regulate behaviour. It is both the gift and curse of the anthropologist to know there are no moral absolutes, and a difficult duty to speak to this hard truth to those who think there are.DisclaimerShould any anthropologist or member of the Inuit, Yanomami, Miyanmin, Sambia or Arrente people dispute any of these second hand, anthropologist parsed summaries, feel free to comment - I stand to be corrected by superior knowledge

Long Haul Pilots are creatures of long standing bad habits which might appear as highly strange to the layman. Habits only they understand fully as only individual bodies understand these habits. The Clock and the hours of day has no meaning for them other than to inform them when to wake, when to sleep, when to eat….etcI have been a long haul pilot for longer years than I care to remember, so I guess I can answer this question with some honesty and clarity.First of all one must understand the definition of long haul flights.Long haul flights is defined as Flying longer than 8 hours in a continuous stretch over one or two sectors ( a sector is a takeoff and landing) AND crossing a time zone period of more than two hours, from the departure station.On the other hand, flying on a continuous duty of eight or more hours over multiple sectors, within a time zone less than two hours, is not considered long haul flying, Its called short or medium haul flying with typically long or short duty times. Like spending eight hours or more in an Office environment within the same City or travelling to a nearby City for work and return home.Nevertheless, the Fatigue involved in both kinds of flying are ever present. In this answer I will describe how a typical long haul duty day or days starting from home Base.The time of departure from home station influences the start of a day’s routine. If the departure is in the day time hours, say from 6 am to 12 noon, it is a day time departure and the preparation would start the night before. If it is a evening or night time departure, the preparation could start in the early part of the day. Such as the endless packing and unpacking of bags. Is it a winter destination I am going to, or a summer destination ? Am I going to need a winter overcoat or a light jacket ?Toothbrush-CheckToothpaste-Check … heck I need a new tubeShampoo - CheckShaving razor -CheckClean Socks ?….etc etcPacking bags has become a refined art for me.Whatever, the long haul pilots most important equipment is the watch or home clock ! I wear a watch 24/7, 365. A minute is a looooong time for me, in which I can accomplish much.On most of my rostered flights, the journeys or flights are longer than ten hours and requires us to operate with either a two set crew or a three man crew. A two set crew will consist of two captains and two first officers and a three set crew would consist of two captains and one first officer or two first officers and a captain, depending on the airline agreed duty schedules.That aside, long haul flights and crew complements are governed by a strict sets of Official Rules simply called “Flight Time Limitations” or FTL. All Airline Operations are governed by State Regulated FTLs , which are strictly and fastidiously required to be complied with, and monitored. Records are kept and it is not left to individual imaginations or wily- nilly interpretation. If the FTL is not followed, or busted intentionally or unintentionally, reports have to be filed and investigated. This is to prevent crews from flying in a state of ‘fatigue’, compromising the safety of the passengers, crew and equipment.OK, let me take you an long haul flight starting at my home Base. The time of departure is at 11 pm ( 2300hrs Local) with an expected flight time of 14 hrs and 30 minutes to destination X. The time difference between departure station and destination is six hours. Definitely a long haul of unholy proportions.Humans have been categorised as Larks ( early awakers) or Owls ( wide awake at night characters). Each Type operates best in his/her own time zone. I am most certainly an Owl, not a Lark, so I usually wake up well past 11 am at home Base. I can keep awake for long hours at night like an owl ( as I am doing now, at 3 am, writing this answer !)Since I am an Owl, and I have a long haul Flight starting at night…….I Rejoice. I will go to bed the previous night at something like 3 or 4 am and wake up at midday. On the other hand if I have long haul flight commencing at say 8 am Local time, I will try to go to bed as early as possible, like 7 pm not that an owl can sleep that early at night. I will toss and turn, unable to go into deep sleep, like an owl forced to sleep at night, but the enforced rest in bed for an early awakening is most helpful.For my long haul flight with scheduled off time of 11 pm ( 2300) tonight, I will have to report for duty at Crew Briefing ninety minutes ( or one and half hours) BEFORE the departure time ie 9.30 pm. I choose to report two hours before departure time. ie at 9 pm for a leisurely preparation for flight, with a cup of Earl grey tea with milk, no sugar.My day starting around midday, will have me typically preparing for the night long haul Flight as follows :Leisurely brunch or lunch around 1pm ( 1300), packing the Bags, checking Company mails and updating my Electronic manuals ( on the I-Pad), not forgetting to polishing the Company issue shoes ! Catching a late afternoon nap for like three hours from say 3 pm to six pm is the next thing I would do and up at 6 or 6.30 pm to begin my owlish ‘day’………..actually I’ve found that with this routine, I can actually stay awake right up to dawn the next day !One hour to get the three S’s done, will have me calling in a Taxi at 7.00 pm and I stroll into the briefing Center,bright eyed and bushy tailed like the proverbial Owl starting his ‘day’ , at 8 pm, with the flight plan already loaded on my I-pad. The other crews would roll in anytime from now to the official reporting time of 9.30. The Larks in the crew may be looking a little ragged as Larks do after sunset. But the owls in the crew will either be chatty or moan, depending on their crew positions.ALL the crews ie the Cockpit crew, will be present for the briefing at which the appointed Pilot In Command will hold court with the rest of the crew. An explanation of the crew complement and disposition for the flight is in order.On this 14.30 flight, requiring two sets of cockpit crews as mentioned above, we will be divided into Team A and Team B. Team A will consist of the Captain and First Officer who will command and operate this flight, who will do both the takeoff and landing at the destination. Team B also consisting of two pilots will be the ‘relief crew’ ie relieving the Team A in flight.The Crew briefing with the Cabin crew takes about ten minutes, with the Cabin’s chief purser introducing the cabin crew complement. Each crew member is introduced by name and where each will be positioned and their duties. The Chief Purser organizes chores from the front of the cabin, while the second in charge, will organize the rest of the crews and activities from the rear cabin.One of the most important aspects of the briefing is the security briefing which all Airlines these days take very seriously. Who is on board, what is on board, Company threat and security assessments for the day,’ suitable’ enroute stations for diversions, emergency response codes etc. No more can be said, sorry.The Captain then takes the lead to first of all introduce the Flight Deck crew. The second Captain is automatically the Second in Command for the Flight. The route and weather en-route is discussed with emphasis on possible areas of weather and turbulence which gives the cabin crews a heads up on suitable periods to conduct their services in the cabin. At the end of it the Captain dismisses the briefing with a nice cheery smile, wink and wave, sniffing the scent of glamorous women in the air, emulating Al Pacino …and off we go to the crew bus or Terminal to board our airplane.We will have about forty five minutes to an hour or slightly more from arrival at the aircraft to get under way, with passengers boarding as soon as we are ready.The pre flight preparation in the flight deck is intense and concentrated, not forgetting to synchronize the old Rolex to GPS derived time to the exact second. ( a long standing personal habit, which was done to the BBC radio time hack in the past ) . The cabin preparations can only be described as a frenzy. Catering to three hundred passengers and loading their needs is an intense, focused choreography of frenzied activity.Fifteen minutes to go, we are ready on the flight deck and you will hear the Captain, welcoming his guests on board, a disembodied voice, with his ass pointing at them. Where else do you hear a speech with the speaker pointing his behind at you ?Schedule time off minus five minutes and hopefully everything ready, a call is made to Air Traffic Control, advising them of our readiness. These days that can be made by Data Link, followed by a short call to a chattering ground frequency. Brevity on radio calls is appreciated and accepted these days.Like all good Pilots everywhere, one minute to schedule off time, I give the order to weigh anchor.The Tug Men, call “Release the brakes Captain”The Start up and Taxi out to take off is conducted in quiet concentration.As I lift off with a huge load of fuel and people into the night sky, and shortly thereafter engage the Autopilot, a wave of relief washes over, as we begin to relax…just a little. The activity up to now, has been intense, concentrated.The heart rate begins its slow climb down.When we reach an initial cruising altitude, appropriate for our heavy weight, usually in the low thirties, another flight deck briefing is carried out with a discussion on what we would do in the next hour in the event of a ‘situation’ developing. The situations include but are not limited to, engine failures or shut downs, pressurization failures or emergency ‘escape routes’ if we are flying over mountainous terrain. Or a badly needed diversion for ‘medical evacuation’ to suitable airports enroute. We re-brief every hour or so throughout the flight to keep everyone in the loop and ‘situationally aware’.We give the Sterile Cockpit ‘over’ Signal to the Cabin get confirmation informing us that everything is under control and that services are about to begin. And we could have our drinks…on the house !For me it is another Earl Grey, while others would have their coffees or other preferred beverages.The shoulder harnesses and ties come off, comfy slip on shoes or loafers are donned, sweaters or jumpers thrown over and the communications go on speakers, as we settle down for the night.The last hour or so from push back to start, take off to climb to altitude had been an intense period of continuous activity on the flight deck, with no room for errors, or frivolous small talk.Everyone was all eyes, and ears, mind only on the Job, the glamorous scents remembered at briefing forgotten.Now the banter begins.Everything from moaning about the Rosters to the scent recognised and plans laid for the layover. Certain scents remembered at the briefing may now be recalled and plans laid for the upcoming layover !Now, coming on midnight, the owl in me comes alive, night eyes and senses fully awake, focused and alive. The tea is stimulating.I’m ready for the long night haul.An intricate calculation now takes place on the flight deck. Usually the two co pilots are engaged in this complicated task, which I find mind boggling, so I refrain from getting involved. Except to arbitrate if necessary.The time of take off to the Top of Climb has been recorded. This is then subtracted from the total flight time and a further hour added. the remaining time is now divided in two and voila, the result gives us the exact time for the relief crew to spend in the bunks…..in flight relief and rest time.Add that time to current time on the clock and off they go into the bunks.I find this hilarious, as the crews sometimes get into little arguments about three minutes on the calculation and knot themselves up in their knickers, trying to get the numbers right.Some crews actually have an App to calculate all this using their phones. Zulu times, converting to local times if necessary. Alarms are then set on these times for the changing of guard on the Flight Deck.Three hours into the Flight…Probably 0200 home time. The Lark on board, if unfortunately having the right seat today, is beginning to look a little woozy. The Owl is fully awake, so we can decide on a ‘rest at station’. A power nap of no more than forty minutes at a time to give the lark time to recover.And so it goes, Communications watch, changing frequencies and making contact with various ATC Units as we cross borders. Weather watch and evaluation. Weather radar sweeping ahead at various ranges to check for rocks ahead. Time and fuel burns are recorded fastidiously at reporting points as the journey progresses through the night.Sometimes the cabin crews will come in and spend time with us, keeping us company.If there is a moon about, it gives a surreal light inside the cockpit and over the terrain if it is not covered in cloud. or reflects off the clouds. One of the most magical moments of flying I have experienced is over the Himalayas or Greenland on a moonlit night.Five Hours…Just maybe, if we are heading East, a perceptible lightening of the horizon ahead awakes the Lark, while the Owl now blinks, and blinks again.Night Passeth into dayIf we are heading west the night is continuous.The heart rate has wound right down and the biorhythm effects of late night takes over. One can alternate between periods of complete wake fullness, to a kind of woozy wake fullness, alert still, but disembodied.The first long haul pilot in history, Charles Lindbergh, described this ghostly feeling of disembodiment when he flew alone at night for hours over the Atlantic Ocean on his historic flight from New York to Paris, in his Ryan NYP, The Spirit of St Louis. He described seeing ghostly figures urging him on, or lulling him into sleep, which would have plunged him right into the cold dark Atlantic, never to be heard of again.Getting up and stretching or taking little walks helps restore the circulation or wake fullness. Poor Lindy didn’t have that luxury as he sat cramped behind that early bird, without the benefit of an autopilot, inspiring all of us to this day.The conversations on the flight deck, animated in the earlier hours, has died down to essentials, while we get regular calls from the cabin a requirement to check whether we are awake ! . The unthinkable has happened before. More cups of tea, coffee or light meals are ordered and consumed. Some can down a fully loaded steak sandwich at 0400. For me the best bet is apples or other fruits. Regular Hydration becomes very important in the now dry cabin and flight deck, so water replaces the tea or coffee now. Just water is best.If the sun is coming up, the horizon turns light ‘as night passeth into day, with nary a word said’ The ever changing colors of a new day dawning going from a faint streak of light purple, glowing lilac, orange and into day break, with the sun peeping over the horizon never fails to impress, however many times one has experienced it.Six Plus hours……First shades of a new dayAs Night passeth into dayThe Owl is blinking harder now and has almost had it. Changing of the guard is eagerly awaited.They come in on the dot at the appointed hour, to the minute. Three minutes of additional rest does make a difference to some.A thorough briefing to the incoming cruise relief crew is performed by the outgoing Team A. It follows a prescribed checklist of items, starting with ‘Aircraft status’ ending with ‘Cabin Condition’…..a brief if anything amiss has taken place in the cabin, such as an on board illness or other trouble.The inbound crew are in their comfy clothes, like track pants and sweaters and loafers etc, and usually continue in them rather than changing back into dress uniforms. A sensible choice.Within minutes, the two members of Team A will be on their way out to the bunks.Personally, I stay an additional few minutes on the deck to chat with Team B. ‘Sleep Inertia’ when a woozy brain after sleep taking longer to register, is a real problem, so staying for a few minutes to engage them in conversation, while they settle down to the task, is helpful.We will come on board ninety minutes to one hour before landing. For now Team B, with the relief Captain in command will take the airplane towards the destination. On the way back I will act as Team B, relieving the Team A in the cruise.A passing shipTeam B has the airplane…For now, I have six hours, three and half minutes to shut eye and recover from the long night I’ve had. I crawl into the bunk and within minutes I am counting prancing lambs. I have an alarm to wake me up precisely one and half hours before landing.Ninety Minutes to destination…I come awake on the alarm in a dark bunk, disoriented.Always the same feeling of disorientation. Its got to do with the upset rhythm over time zones. Some get up and out fast. I need at least ten minutes to get going.The worst problem is getting to the toilets. By now, the final service prior to arrival at destination is under way in the cabin and it is rush hour at the johns.Don’t laugh, I have had a go into empty water bottles in sheer desperation.Changing now into uniforms as we are landing, I make my way to the flight deck. Team B is fully awake and there is a lot of radio chatter going on as we approach destination. I sit on the jump seat taking in the chatter and outside scene as we prepare the change of guard..Call it paranoia, but the first thing I look at is the fuel state, ie the arrival fuel.Next thing I scrutinise is the arrival weather forecast or latest ATIS report, which Team B will have ready, printed sitting on the stand.These two items are of great initial interest, as they will determine the pucker factor for me as we proceed to destination.Coming into Chicago O’ Hare, on a snowy winter morning, with limited cleared runways and / or minimum fuel, is not a happy start. Both have happened in the past, so that is the first thing on the list to look at.So let’s say today everything appears Kosher, I can expect a relaxed sphincter, as we make our way inbound to destination.Team B gives us a thorough briefing of the situation, recent past and present, before the captain vacates his seat and I slide in.The First Officer also slides in and we go into action.First we do a thorough briefing between ourselves as we check everything on the airplane, fuel state, calculate landing performance, set up the approaches and charts etc.Briefing complete, the next ‘to do’ item is the PA to the people. The most important thing is to get the local time right. Damn, I have said Nine PM arrival time, instead of AM ! Sleep Inertia. That taken care of, we are now fully ready to commence our descent and approach to land.When the weather is nice, we will actually enjoy the view, as we make our way inbound to land.The transition from landing to maneuvering on the ground, to the parking gate, after a long haul flight is the hardest part for me, especially if we are going into a seldom flown to airport. Paris De Gaulle is one. The French English, the strange taxiway markings, get me. So I deliberately slow down to a crawl, as we transition from air mode to ground mode to give my brains time to adjust to the new environment, as I transition from Cloud Dancer to land lubber. Its doubly worse if it is a night arrival, as the eyes get adjusted to the myriad night lights lighting up an airport.The engines shut down at the Gate, Technical Log Books signed off and the guests out of the airplane, we are ready for the next long haul…….ride the bus to the hotel or take the Taxi home, which always feels longer than the flight, as we fight an overpowering desire to fall asleep in the bus or taxi.There will be a short de briefing with the cabin crew outside the aircraft, this time the scent of women absent or forgotten. The smiles are wan or forced.On reaching the Hotel and Check In, we wont hear from each other as both the Larks and the Owls would have had it by now, and crash into their soft beds, not coming up for air until hours later. It takes me a minimum of ten hours to recover.If I head to my current lonely apartment, I get myself a drink, sit at my writing bunker and punch out Quora to see who is asking what !Trust this gives Readers an idea as to the wonders of Long Haul Airline flying.Edit 1In a Blog I write here in Quora, I described another long haul Flight from Tokyo to the Middle East. It is in three parts with a detailed description of the process to get our Dreamliner over the length and breadth of China over the the Himalayas in an eleven hour night flight.Follow it here if it interests you :A Winter Odyssey…….across ChinaA Winter Odyssey across China….. ETOPSCrossing the Himalayas in the Dreamliner…..

I think most answers here are describing what they see, that is ordinary Japanese police on the street. This is fine for UK or USA where every police officer starts his or her career as a cop on the street, then could have a career all the way to the head of police. For example, Cressida Dick is the commissioner of the Metropolitan Police Service of London. She joined the Metropolitan Police as a constable in 1983.James P. O'Neill is the Police Commissioner of New York City. He joined the New York City Transit Police in 1983, and began his career as a patrolman in Transit District 1.One could say that, knowing and understanding the police on patrol duty is essential in understanding the culture of police in AngloAmerican countries. This is not so for Japanese police because the mandate, organisational structure and culture are fundamentally different.For one. a Japanese cop on the street is like a private in the army. They are not a commissioned officer. Few able one may achieve non-commisioned officer status, but they will never hold executive position. Japanese police ranks are Constable (31%), which literally mean “patrol offier” in Japanese, Inspector (30%), Chief Inspector (29%), Superintendent (6%), Assistant Commissioner (2.5%), Commissioner (0.5%), Senior Commissioner (0.3%) and Superintendent General (1 person in the whole nation).One may notice the rank become very thin after Superintendent. The executive position (top 10%) is almost exclusively reserved for people who passed the highly competitive exam and the selection process for Class 1 civil servants. Foreign Ministry, Ministry of Finance and Interior Ministry (National Police Agency) are most prestigious, and in case of National Police Agency, whopping 90% of recruits come from the University of Tokyo while only 60~70% is the average in the lesser ministries.It maybe hard to believe for people in AngloAmerican culture but, for those aspire a career in government, being selected for a job in police is the highest possible career start in government. Just getting into Uni of Tokyo isn't enough. Just passing the Class 1 elite mandarin exam isn't enough. You have to be among the best of the best. This is because Japanese National Police Agency's core mandate is national security, and organisationally, they are combination of MI5, FBI and Secret Service. They deal in counter intelligence, terrorism, protection duties of the emperor, government minister and foreign dignitaries as well as “civil” securities where ordinary crime fall into.When these elite mandarin officers start their career in the police, they start off as Chief Inspector (29%) and get automatically promoted to Superintendent (6%) in 2 years, and then to Assistant Commissioner (2.5%) in 4~7 years. That means Japanese police commissioners are in their early 30s while in AngloAmerican culture they are in late 50s.In Japan, these elite mandarin officers set the tone and culture of the organisation. Because of constitutional restriction, Japan did not have formal department for external espionage like MI6 or CIA. Therefore, the NPA was the defacto intelligence agency of the state. Trying to understand Japanese police by observing patrol police is like trying to understand MacDonald by observing a part-time worker of local McDonald franchise. In Japan, the police is the very definition of deep state.Moreover, while the national executive position is controlled exclusively by elite mandarin from the highest academic institution in the country, the local police also have somewhat unofficial officer ranks, often recruited from the best university at provincial level. I know a retired police officer who spent his entire police career in my provice as a koan, a separate internal security branch of Japanese local police, and he retired as a SP (Security Police). One of the things he was proud of his entire career was the fact that he never worked on patrol duty ever. He worked his career in local intelligence division, which deals exclusively with terrorism, espionage, protection of dignitaries and supervision of subversive groups such as communist party, ultra-nationalists, etc. No, they don’t supervise yakuza. That is beneath their pay grade. Yakuza is for street cops.So, unlike AngloAmerican counterparts, there are significant portion of police who never done patrol duty, and there are few who never arrestted anyone ever in their police career. On the other hand, Japanese police culture are far more hierarchial in military manner. For example, any police officer must report his whereabouts to his supervisor even when he is on his holiday. So if he is going to visit his parents who live in a different province, he will report that to his boss and log it before he goes. And if he ended up going elsewhere, and get caught for it because he had a traffic accident in a province he wasn’t supposed to be, that would be a disciplinary offence, and also would trigger an investigation by Koan (internal security) to make sure he wasn’t involved in subversive activities.Or, for that matter, I personally have never seen a uniformed police officer buying something from a shop in Japan. To be honest, I can’t even recall ever seeing them drinking a bottle of water in public. No, donuts/coffee in Japan. So, In UK, the first time I saw an uniformed police officer buying his lunch at a convenience store, I was like “WTF, are police officer a joke in here?” Even the way the guy below wear his hat make him looks unprofessional. Or for that matter, why is he smiling in front of a camera? And free coffee or donut would be considered as bribe so vast portion of police in America are openly commiting crime if they were in Japan.Also, this explains why many foreigners feel that Japanese police officer are incompetent or idiot to some degree. They only interact with patrol cops, and they are just cannon fodder of Japanese security force, many of them for their entire career. A vast majority get a job straight from high school.These patrol cop, at most, would be able to become a detective or even a chief detective. But they will never be in an executive position ever (though there are few records of some getting one on their day of retirement as an honorary promotion). And they are probably more humble and less likely to be a jack-ass compared to UK/USA police, because they know their place.I read many stories of ex-police officers mostly from USA in Quora, but some of the stories they tell, which they see no problem, and sometimes funny, sounds incredibly corrupt and unprofessional to me. For a starter, you rarely see even a retired police officer in Japan talking about their job in internet.Also, looking at these differences, I come to realise why Anglo Saxon commercial corporations are far more efficient and well managed than the Japanese one. Japanese corporation is run like the police in USA. Everyone starts from the bottom, all the way to the president and the chairman of the company. There are no clear lines between workers, managers, executives and governors (board). US police and Japanese companies’ executive and management positions are typically overstaffed and bloated. Even though they say their first priority is to serve voters/shareholders, they typically serve the interest of their own rank.