C Amp H International: Fill & Download for Free

Assuming all the individual batteries are matched and the internal connections of your battery system are solid, then you could use the discharge curve for the particular amp draw you have to predict the run time. As you probably know, a 10 A-H system, for example, may be only 10 A-H if you pull 1 amp max. If you pull 10 amps, it may only last 40 minutes, or 6.7 A-H.Having the voltage drop could help you ID the ‘right’ discharge curve to use, and provide an alternative answer - then you could use the worst case of the two. Of course, to automate all this you’d have to in essence enter the discharge curves into a program, plus be able to interpolate between two curves to generate data for a specific amp draw. Or just eyeball it if your load is pretty static.The problem is, you don’t apparently have a matched system. So one battery could ‘fail’ early (don’t know what types of batteries you are using). One of the parallel strings could end up trying to charge the other. Net effect is you’d have an undervoltage situation and inability to supply the necessary current.Bottom line is that I don’t think you’re going to find a simple equation for this, to predict an “exact” answer. You would need to create a better model for your system based on measuring the capabilities of the individual batteries, the connections, etc. However, if your amp draw is not much more than C/10 (e.g. 1 amp on a 10 A-H capacity system) then you can roughly guesstimate by using the simple formula that you know already: Capacity in amp-hours divided by amps drawn, with some fudge factor thrown in for losses.Another way of looking at it: “one test is worth a thousand expert opinions”. Run some tests with varying loads (if you can) and see what happens.

Yes, it can. There is a great article from Bianco on UVmastercare site.The human eye is able to visualize light with a wavelength between 780nm, or red light, and 400nm, or purple light. At lower wavelengths, we will speak of ultraviolet up to 100nm, and still below, we will speak of X-rays.Ultraviolet light is itself divided into 4 categories, type A (UV-A), type B (UV-B), type C (UV-C) and finally extreme ultraviolet (VUV or Vacuum UV in English). Part of this UV, and more particularly UV-C and even more specifically, UV-C with a wavelength of 254nm, will be efficiently absorbed by DNA and will lead to its damage, even destruction. This mechanism supports the biocidal effect of UV.To emit UV-C radiation, there are essentially two technologies since LEDs capable of emitting this type of radiation do not yet offer attractive yields. Both of these technologies are based on the ionization of mercury vapors at medium or low pressure. The UV spectrum emitted by these two technologies varies greatly. For medium pressure lamps, the spectrum is narrow and almost entirely in the UV-C spectrum and centered on 254 nm. For medium pressure lamps, the spectrum covers a wider wavelength range from UV-C to UV-A.The very numerous studies on adenoviruses have shown that to reach 99.99% disinfection, the UV doses required vary between 803 and 2004 mJ / cm2. An extrapolation from the study by Walker & amp; Ko would suggest that a dose of 20 to 30 mJ / cm2 could allow such an efficient abatement for a coronavirus.The table on the left shows two references of the doses required to degrade from 90 (1 log) to 99.99% (4 log) of 3 single-stranded RNA viruses with positive polarity. This table is extracted from the synthesis database of the international association of UltravioletsBibliographyMalayeri A.H., Mohseni M., Cairns B. and Bolton J.R. (2016). Fluence (UV dose) required to achieve incremental Log inactivation of bacteria, protozoa, viruses and algae. www.iuva.orgWalker C.M. and Ko G. (2007). Effect of Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation on viral aerosols. About. Sci. Technol. 41, 5460-5465.Linden K.G., Lee J.K., Scheible K., Shen C. & amp; Posy P. (2009). Enhanced UV inactivation of adenoviruses under polychromatic UV lamps. Appl. Envion. Micrbiol., 73 (23): 7571-7574.Bounty S., Rodriguez R.A. & amp; Linden K.G. (2012). Inactivation of adenovirus using low-dose UV / H2O2 advanced oxidation. Water Res. 46 (19): 6273-6278.Malayeri A.H., Mohseni M., Cairns B. and Bolton J.R. (2016). Fluence (UV dose) required to achieve incremental Log inactivation of bacteria, protozoa, viruses and algae. International Ultraviolet Association IncThurstaon-Enriquez J.A., Hass C.N., Jacangelo J., Riley K. & amp; Gerba C.P. (2003). Inactivation of feline calicivirus and adenovirus Type 40 by UV radiation. Appl. About. Microbiol., 69 (1): 577-582.by Roda Husman A.M., Bijkerk P., Lodder W., van den Berg H., Pribil W., Cabaj A., Gehringer P., Sommer R. & amp; Duizer E. (2004). Calicivirus inactivation by nonionizing (253.7 nanometer wavelength UV) and ionizing (gamma) radiation. Appl. Envion. Microbiol., 70 (9): 5089-5093.Gerba C.P., Gramos D.M. & amp; Nwachuku N. (2002). Comparative inactivation of enteroviruses and adenovirus 2 by UV light, Appl. About. Microbiol., 68 (10): 5167–5169.Shin G.A., Linden K.G. & amp; Sobsey M.D. (2005). Low pressure ultraviolet inactivation of pathogenic enteric viruses and bacteriophages. J. Approx. Eng. Sci., 4 (Suppl. 1): S7 – S11.Thompson S.S., Jackson J.L., Suva-Castillo M., Yanko W.A., El Jack Z., Kuo J., Chen C.-L., Williams F.P. & amp; Schnurr D.P. (2003). Detection of infectious human adenoviruses in tertiary-treated and ultraviolet-disinfected wastewater, Water Environ. Res., 75 (2): 163–170.Simonet J. & amp; Gantzer C. (2006). Inactivation of poliovirus 1 and F-specific RNA phages and degradation of their genomes by UV irradiation at 254 nanometers. Appl. About. Microbiol., 72 (12): 7671–7677.

I assume you mean "how are the concepts of voltage, current, and resistance used." I think if you are using a computer to ask a question on Quora you have some idea of how electricity can be used in everyday life.Current probably comes up most when you try to plug too many devices into an outlet. Too much current trips the circuit breaker or blows the fuse, and you have to go to the breaker panel to reset it. If you need to replace the fuse, you will need to know the fuse rating, which is also given in amps.You also have to consider current ratings when you're buying an extension cord. If you need to power a 15-amp table saw, you will need a thicker extension cord than if you are trying to plug in a string of Christmas lights.Car batteries are rated according to the current that they can produce under certain conditions. For example, "cold cranking amps" is defined as the current a fully charged battery can provide at 0°F (-18°C) for 30 seconds while maintaining a voltage of at least 1.2 V/cell (7.2 volts for a 12-volt battery). Other batteries are usually rated by their capacity, in amp-hours, which is a unit of electrical charge, not current, but for car batteries the capacity is often not very important since what you really need to know is whether the battery can deliver enough current to start your car.Sometimes corded power tools and vacuum cleaners are advertised in terms of the current they consume, rather than the power. (The two are roughly equivalent if the voltage is the same.)Voltage is an issue for international travelers, because different countries use different voltages. If you're moving from the United States to Azerbaijan and you want to know if you can take your favorite blender with you, you'll have to see whether it can accept 220 volts. In the United States, houses usually have both 120 and 240-volt electrical service, but the plugs for the different voltages are different, so you don't necessarily need to know anything about voltage to use an appliance.Cordless tools are often advertised according to the voltage of their battery packs. A higher-voltage battery will be able to deliver more power without running out faster or taking longer to charge.Replacement bulbs for Christmas light strings are identified by voltage, but I think most people probably just use the string until it stops working and then buy a new one.If your car won't start because the battery terminals are corroded, you have a problem with too much resistance. I can't think of an everyday situation where you would need to know the numerical value of a resistance, though.The difference between a 60-watt and 100-watt incandescent bulb is the resistance of the filament. Resistance is also one of the differences between different ratings of fuse--a 15-amp fuse has a higher resistance than a 30-amp fuse, so it melts earlier--but fuses are rated by current, not by resistance.The difference between an insulating material (one with a very high resistance) and a conductive one (one with a very low resistance) is important to know. For example, if you're trying to help someone who is receiving an electric shock, if you can't disconnect the power, you can try to separate the person from the live conductor using a nonconductive object like a dry broomstick, not a metal pole. If you touch the person while they are still touching the live conductor, you could receive a shock as well.Impedance, a generalization of resistance that describes the relationship between AC voltage and current in resistors, capacitors, and inductors, is used to describe speakers and headphones. If you're putting together a sound system, you need to know whether the impedance of the speakers you're connecting is appropriate for your amplifier. (Usually it's only a problem if it's too low, but with tube amps it can apparently cause problems if the impedance is too high, too.)Impedance is also important in radio-frequency circuits, which is important if you are connecting an antenna to your radio of TV. If the antenna impedance doesn't match the TV impedance, some of the signal power will be reflected back into the antenna instead of being received by the TV, unless you use an impedance-matching transformer.Power, not mentioned in the question, is the most common electrical quantity in everyday life (as pointed out in Robert J. Kolker's answer). Many devices that produce heat or light are rated in watts, while many rotating machines are rated in horsepower, and some heating appliances are rated in British thermal units per hour (BTU/h), but these are all units of power. (1 hp is about 746 watts and 1 BTU/h is about 0.293 watts.) Power tells you something about how much service (e.g., light, heat, mechanical work, or sound volume) you get out of a device, as well as how much you will pay to use it.