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Dear Owa Owa and other friendsThough the question have been asked from a person who is follower of Sikhism but most of the answers that I see is from the non-sikhs. Even I am also not the one who abides to the 5K’s of Guru Gobind Singh.It’s incorrect to call Sikhism to be a sect of Islam or Hinduism. If we are doing this then it would be like to shut our eyes to the multifarious trends of thought originating from these sources and contributing to the general atmosphere in which the founders of Sikhism flourished. Just as the mere presence of the ideas of transmigration of souls and the law of Karma should not make us think that Sikhism in nothing but Hinduism; similarly its stern monotheistic character should not persuade some scholars to say that Guru Nanak was a Mohammadan.*******************************************************************************************I really can’t control my laugh when I see the people decides the religion based on the cloths a person wear or used to wear.CLOTHESShirt & pants:— Shirts , Tshirts, Pants, Jeans are the western dress as we all know. And we clearly see that they have become the trend in Eastern World as well.Does that mean people of Eastern Lands are all Christians?Does the Buddhists residents of Thailand, China, Japan,etc became Christians just because they are wearing Shirts, T-shirts and all?Does Shirts/Pants made Hindus or Santani Christians as most of them doesn’t wear the traditional dress of the country or religion.?Does the Caps, Hats, Shoes, Socks etc are the sign that the wearer of these items is a Christian?The simple answer is “NO”. But then as well, some people keep on posting some picture of old hats or Seli Topi and start claiming that the Person who was wearing or said to wear was a Hindu.Even that the person has clearly said “I am neither Hindu nor Muslim”I don’t think this Seli Topi is more powerful than the person who is wearing it. When the person wearing it clearly says “ Na Koi Hindu, Na Koi Muslamman”, it’s clear that he has no interest in the religions that were prevailing in his time period.***************************************************************************************************Pictures— depicting Hats/Topi/black threadSome pictures of Guru Nanak show that he wears Tilak or thread type material on his body. Like for eg:-Now this black structure on his yellow body is being preached by some as Hindu Thread or Janeou. But till now no Historian has come up with the remark that janeou was worn on the dress. As far as we know it use to wear inside and its color used to be White or Pinkish as it is usually made from Cotton.What Kind of black Janeou is worn by Guru Nanak in the above picture?Pictures are the mere imagination of the artists. Even some tricksters have come up with the Images of Jesus, Nanak, or any God (quite famous Shiva) etc smoking cigarette and all.Does that really mean that Jesus, Nanak and other Holy Figures were in support of Drugs??********************************************************************************************************Picture—1—Guru NanakLets see this picture of Guru Nanak.Here the Cap or Hat of Guru Nanak resembles to that of Middle East Muslims and there is no Black structure or Tilak.*******************************************************************************************Picture-2- Guru NanakAnother Portrait of Guru Nanak. See the Hat. The Guru’s dress was somewhat of the Sufi Trend.Here you can see some of the Muslim Sufi. Check their dresses. The color of the dress is White , Yellow, Brown-black.They seem to carry a rosary. Similarly, we see the Guru Nanak’s dress. Mostly he is depicted in yellow color dress and a rosary.If Guru Nanak’s Rosary is some kind of Hindu Rudraksh then we have to admit that all the Muslim Sufi too used to carry Rudraksh,thus making them Hindu as well.*************************************************************************************************Murals of Gurdwara Baba Atal Sahib.[1][1][1][1]Some of the people just take pictures from here and there and then try to give the meaning according to their selfish needs.Same here we find in the case of the Murals of Gurdwara Baba Atal Sahib .The Murals are painted or made by the Jaimal Singh Naqqash, Mehtab Singh Naqqash and Hukum Singh. Their drawings or murals are inspired from Bala Janam Sakhi.Inspired by the well- known version of Bala Janam Sakhi, written by Paida Mokha, the artists Jaimal Singh Naqqash, Mehtab Singh Naqqash and Hukum Singh began their work on the holy walls of the Gurdwara with the sacred painting, where all the Gods are invoking the Nirankar-Allah/Waheguru/Yehowah/God/Brahman, the formless Almighty, to send a holy soul on the earth to relieve it from the burden of Kala-yuga. The centre of this painting is the divine light emerging from Sachkhand, The Abode of Truth. All the Gods and the Mother Earth in the form of a cow are standing in obeisance awaiting the descent of the divine incarnations.The prayers were answered; the invocation was rewarded; now the divine child is born. The parents, father Kalyan Rai Bedi and mother Tripla Ji feel blessed. The family priest, Pandit Hardiyal names the child Nanak Nirankari pointing out his true identity that lies in being Nirankar. History records the date 15th April 1469 at Raibhoi Di Talwandi.In the next painting, the child Nirankari is brought out by his father Kalyan Rai in the day light. Who are curious to have a glimpse of this divine incarnation, they are all the gods who prayed for His Avatar. In this picture, all the gods are shown having the bliss of seeing the Eternal Light in the form of a child. The earth and the sky were vibrating and shinning in the glory of the birth divine. The artists capture the mood. They paint gods showering flowers from the sky and the musicians on the earth playing the sacred music in unison with the showering of petals from the sky. All the gods and honorable guests bow in reverence to the eternal light, as if chanting:-“Dhan Guru Nanak Pargatia Miti Thund jag Chanan Hoyaya”Now see the above picture. The person claims to get the picture from the website “Sikhnet”which is true, but he writes his own meaning. When we bow to someone, then that means we are the one who is asking the blessing.We see similarly various deities are bowing to the Guru. It’s the deities who are asking blessings.Then also I will advise the readers to go and read by themselves about the Murals from “SIKHNET” to know the truth.Murals of Gurdwara Baba Atal Sahib Ji | SikhNetIn this above Mural we see the Guru Nanak and other Deities praying to Almighty Allah/Waheguru/Parbardigar/Yehowah/God.*********************************************************************************************Cloak of Guru NanakSikhs are well aware of Gurdwara Chola Sahib-Dera Baba Nanak.[2]The Chola is displayed nearby to the Gurdwara and is in the possession of the descendants of Guru Nanak.Guru Nanak use to wear this Chola and this Chola contains the verses of the Holy Quran.[3]Now the question arises to few such people if according to them Nanak was Hindu then Why he was wearing a Chola inscribed with the verses of Holy Quran?Let’s take the help of Bhai Gurdas. To those who don’t know I would like to brief them about Bhai Gurdas. Bhai Gurdas was the son of the cousin of Guru Amardas- the third Sikh Guru. His Vars or Poems are quite famous in the Sikh World.Baabaa Firi Makay Gaiaa Neel Basatr Dhaaray Banavaaree |Donning blue attire then Baba Nanak went to Mecca.Aasaa Hathhi Kitaab Kachhi Koojaa Baang Musalaa Dhaaree |He held staff in his hand, pressed a book under his armpit, caught hold of a metal pot and mattress.Baithhaa Jaai Maseet Vichi Jidai Haajee Haji Gujaaree |Now he sat in a mosque where the pilgrms (hajis) had gathered.—Pauri/stanza -32[4][4][4][4]Now I don’t think a Hindu will go to Mecca or will have a religious gathering in the Mosque. Besides at the time of Guru Nanak, the color of Haji’s Dresses used to be Blue ,now we have white clothes and that’s What Bhai Gurdas has said Baba wore a Blue dress and went to Mecca.Now I am wondering Why a follower of Hindu Religion is giving azan in Baghdad?The answer is Guru Nanak was no Hindu or Muslim. Na Hum Hindu na Musalmaan. Because of this very statement the Governor of Lahore asked the Guru Nanak to come and offer nawaz with him at Sultanpur Lodhi.The place where the incident took place is marked by the Gurdwara Antaryatma Sahib.[5][5][5][5]******************************************************************************************************Guru Nanak at Jagganath PuriGuru Nanak’s travels are quite famous. One such incident occurred at Jagganath Temple. When Guru Nanak tried to enter the temple, he was stopped by the priests. The Priests thought him to be a Muslim due to the dress of the Guru Nanak.I am wondering why they can’t see the imaginary Tilak or Janeou which some claims Guru Nanak use to wear?The Tale is quite famous among the Sikhs and the Odia People.***************************************************************************************************Guru Nanak’s visit to Shaikh IbrahimWhen Guru Nanak was confronted by Shaikh Brahm or Ibrahim (descendant of Baba Farid) with the cardinal question, was he a Hindu or a Muslim? To Guru Nanak such type of questions were irrelevant. He averred, “If I say I am a Hindu, I tell a lie. I am also not a Muslim”. Similarly at Mecca, he skirted the question of inter-se position of Hinduism and Islam, by saying that without good deeds, both Hindus and Muslims in the Court of God would rue the day—Page no -16-History of the Sikhs-J.D.Cunningham[6][6][6][6]************************************************************************************************SGGS page no 1411He alone is a Brahmin, who knows God.He chants and meditates, and practices austerity and good deeds.He keeps to the Dharma, with faith, humility and contentment.Breaking his bonds, he is liberated.Such a Brahmin is worthy of being worshipped.—Guru Nanak[7][7][7][7]Guru Nanak is saying that One who Knows the God -What the God is really is, is called Brahmin. That means all the religious leaders say for example, Jesus, Buddha, Moses, Noah, Abraham, etc all fall in the category of a Brahmin.We shouldn’t create a picture that Guru Nanak is saying about a guy who is wearing thread and doing some rituals. No, not at all.**************************************************************************************************Now let’s go to SGGS page no 141The holy Granth continues on a similar theme in the following shabad emphasizing the fact that there is a high threshold to be called a Muslim; not anyone can be called a Muslim. Just being born in a Muslim family does not make you a Muslim; one must go through various tests on oneself before one can be called a Muslim. If you fail any one of these tests, then you cannot be called a Muslim!The Guru continues then to highlight the test that one need to apply:The first Test: Do you consider the path of the Prophet as sweet and true; are you committed to this path? How much effort will be put to tread on this pathSecond Test: Have you discarded the pride of all your worldly possessions?Third Test: Do you believe that life and death are just two phases in the evolution of the soul and that both these are just a mental perception?Fourth Test: Accepting the Will of Allah, do you practice righteousness and generosity to others?Final Test: Are you merciful to all living beings?Salok Ma 1 ||Shalok, First Mehl:Musalamaan Kehaavan Musakal Jaa Hoe Thaa Musalamaan Kehaavai ||It is difficult to be called a Muslim; if one is truly a Muslim, then he may be called one.Aval Aoul Dheen Kar Mithaa Masakal Maanaa Maal Musaavai ||First, let him savor the religion of the Prophet as sweet; then, let his pride of his possessions be scraped away.Hoe Musalim Dheen Muhaanai Maran Jeevan Kaa Bharam Chukaavai ||Becoming a true Muslim, a disciple of the faith of Mohammed, let him put aside the delusion of death and life.Rab Kee Rajaae Mannae Sir Oupar Karathaa Mannae Aap Gavaavai ||As he submits to God's Will, and surrenders to the Creator, he is rid of selfishness and conceit.Tho Naanak Sarab Jeeaa Miharanmath Hoe Th Musalamaan Kehaavai ||1||And when, O Nanak, he is merciful to all beings, only then shall he be called a Muslim. ||1||[8][8][8][8]*********************************************************************************************Guru Nanak basic attitude towards Islam and Hinduism is explicitly stated in the line“Neither the Veda nor the Ketab (Quran) knows the Mystery”—Page no 1021 SGGS[9][9][9][9]In the same way the Qazi, the Pandit and the Jogi are bracketed“The Qazi utter lies and eats what is unclean; the Brahman (Hindu Priest) takes life and then goes off to bathe ceremoniously;the blind Jogi doesn’t Know the way; all three are desolated.” —Page no 951–952 SGGS[10][10][10][10] [11][11][11][11]Let’s see some more lines from SGGS. Instead of writing them I have taken the help of other writers.The below lines speaks about the hypocrisy. The passage is taken from the work of N. Kaur-[12][12][12][12]The “Hypocrisy” lines are present in page no 471 of SGGS.[13]**************************************************************************************************Lines of Kabir Das -SGGS page no 324Kahu Rae Panddith Baaman Kab Kae Hoeae ||Tell me, O Pandit, O religious scholar: since when have you been a Brahmin?Baaman Kehi Kehi Janam Math Khoeae ||1|| Rehaao ||Don't waste your life by continually claiming to be a Brahmin. ||1||Pause||Ja Thoon Braahaman Brehamanee Jaaeiaa ||If you are indeed a Brahmin, born of a Brahmin mother,Tho Aan Baatt Kaahae Nehee Aaeiaa ||2||Then why didn't you come by some other way? ||2||Thum Kath Braahaman Ham Kath Soodh ||How is it that you are a Brahmin, and I am of a low social status?Ham Kath Lohoo Thum Kath Dhoodhh ||3||How is it that I am formed of blood, and you are made of milk? ||3||Kahu Kabeer Jo Breham Beechaarai ||Says Kabeer, one who contemplates God,So Braahaman Keheeath Hai Hamaarai ||4||7||Is said to be a Brahmin among us. ||4||7||[14][14][14][14]These lines of Kabir Das also sound with the views of Guru Nanak as they both give the same definition of Brahmins. Brahmin is the one who contemplates the God , not the one who wear thread and go for Varna system and exploiting others.********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************Guru Amar Das - The third GuruFirst I would Like to share a pic of Guru Amar Das.Guru Ram Das records that when Guru Amar Das reached Jumna and the Ganges, the toll gatherers offered presents and the whole multitude crossed over the two rivers without paying a farthing as pilgrims’ tax, as they avowed their fealty to Guru Amar Das. The toll gatherers knew very well that Guru Amar Das and his followers were not Hindus who were subject to payment of Jazia, or toll tax. The people of Haridwar came in a body and craved shelter of the Guru. Daily there was Kirtan, singing of hymns, and people learnt of devotion to God through the teachings of the Guru.This visit to Hindu places of worship added to the stature of Guru Amar Das, and his influence was on the rise. This made the Brahmins (and upper caste Hindus) all the more determined to seek the provincial and central government’s intervention to safeguard the Hindu dharma. Their complaint to Emperor Akbar who was at Lahore in 1566-67 is of interest.*****Letter of Complaint by Brahmins to Emperor Akbar against Sikh Guru*******“Thy Majesty is the protector of our customs and the redressor of our wrongs. Every man’s religion is dear to him. Guru Amar Das of Goindwal has abandoned the religious and social customs of the Hindus and abolished the distinction of the four castes. Such heterodoxy hath never before been heard of in the four ages. There is now no twilight prayer, no gayatri, no offering of water to ancestors, no pilgrimages, no obsequies and no worship of idols or of the divine Saligram. The Guru hath abandoned all these and established the repetition of Waheguru instead of Ram, and no one now acteth according to the Vedas or the Smritis. The Guru reverenceth not Yogis, Jatis or Brahmins. He worshippeth no gods or goddesses, and he ordereth his Sikhs to refrain from doing so for ever more. He seateth all his followers in a line and causeth them to eat together from his kitchen, irrespective of caste -whether they are Jats, strolling minstrels, Muhammadans, Brahmins, Khatris, shopkeepers, sweepers, barbers, washermen, fishermen, or carpenters. We pray thee, restrain him now, else it will be difficult hereafter.—-page no 22 -History of Sikhs- J.D. Cunningham[15][15][15][15]At Akbar’s behest, Guru Amar Das instead of going himself sent Bhai Jetha (later known as Guru Ram Das) whose answers were found convincing to a liberal-minded Akbar, who felt that whereas the Sikh movement represented the spirit of humanim, the Hindus were only following the letter of their scriptures.Akbar was so impressed that he not only dismissed the complaint but called upon the high caste Hindu delegation to ask for forgiveness. However, some of the Guru’s followers could not make up their mind to abandon their previous religion, and under influence of high caste Hindus reneged Sikhism. Guru Amar Das introduced for them the word be-mukh, one who had turned away from the Guru. He also condemned the traducers - hostile to the saints and friendly to the wicked - who “will never find comfort in this world or the next.”As the Guru’s influence grew, the jealously of high caste Hindus became intense.***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************Guru Ram DasFirst a pic of the Holy Guru.In the section of Guru Amardas , we have come across the writings of Guru Ram das in which he has stated how the Brahmins were complaining about the third Guru and a letter of complaint was sent to Emperor Akbar.Like his predecessor, Guru Ram Das too renounces all Hindu deities and rituals. We can take the example of Marriage lines written by him.SGGS page no 773–774har pahilarhee laav parvirtee karam drirh-aa-i-aa bal raam jee-o.In the first round of the marriage ceremony, the Lord sets out His Instructions for performing the daily duties of married life.banee barahmaa vayd Dharam darirhHu paap tajaa-i-aa bal raam jee-o.Instead of the hymns of the Vedas to Brahma, embrace the righteous conduct of Dharma, and renounce sinful actionsDharam darirhHu har naam Dhi-aavahu simrit naam drirh-aa-i-aa.Meditate on the Lord's Name; embrace and enshrine the contemplative remembrance of the Naam.[16][16][16][16] [17][17][17][17]******************************************Let’s come to the definition of “God” given by Guru NanakThe God is beyond the cycle of birth and Death. Thus the legendary Kings of the Ayodhaya-Ram or the King of Dwarka- Krishna doesn’t fall in the definition of God as per Sikh Gurus.I don’t Know why some people add their words in SGGS. No where it’s written Hari. Why they tend to make Har into Hari, may be some potter friends will start claiming Har of Gurus is Harry Potter.*******************************Khathree Braahaman Pith Dhae Shhoddae Har Naamadhaeo Leeaa Mukh Laae ||3||The Lord turned His back on the high-class Kh'shaatriyas and Brahmins, and showed His face to Naam Dayv. ||3||Jithanae Bhagath Har Saevakaa Mukh Athasath Theerathh Thin Thilak Kadtaae ||All of the devotees and servants of the Lord have the tilak, the ceremonial mark, applied to their foreheads at the sixty-eight sacred shrines of pilgrimage.—- SGGS page no 733[18][18][18][18]*****************************************************************************************************Funeral of Guru Ram Das.It’s the topic which some intelligent guys use to prove Sikhs are Hindus or Sikh Gurus use to follow Hindu Customs.Such questions were well answered by Bhai Kahn Singh Nabha in his book “Hum Hindu Nahi”.A pdf can easily be found on that. One such work is of Dr. Sheena Pal where she has presented the glorious work of Bhai Kahn Singh Nabha. She has tried to bring out the situation of that time when some people were trying to finish the unique Sikh identity and how the work of Bhai Kahn Singh Nabha brought them in control.The above lines are taken from the work of Dr Sheena Pal. The writer has tried to keep only one side opinion, i.e. of Hindus and tried to present that these were the views of Dr Sheena Pal.Bhai Kahn Singh Nabha replies to above raise question like this.The rites of kriya, shradh and tirath are taken up together as related to death. The statement from the Janamsakhi that Guru Nanak observed shradh for his father only two days before his own death, is not based on authentic information, contends the Sikh protagonist. The Sadd of Guru Amar Das in Rag Ramkali, which is supposed to prescribe kriya after his own death, is not properly understood. It is written with reference to a hymn of Guru Nanak in which the word ‘Keso’ refers to God. Therefore, the Keso Gopal of Sadd is no other than God. Furthermore, at several places in his compositions, Guru Amar Das himself denounces the pandit and what he does. Mourning with loud lamentations are denounced by Guru Nanak himself. He prepared karah parshad after Mardana’s death, according to a Janamsakhi. According to the Gian Ratnavali, kriya was replaced by ardas, kirtan, and karah parshad. The ceremony of bhaddan (tonsure) was not to be observed, according to the Gursobha and Bhai Chaupa Singh. The Gurus went to the places of Hindu pilgrimage not as pilgrims, but to preach their own message to the people assembled there——Issues of Sikh identity: Sanatanist Sikh Debate by Dr Sheena Pal Page no 201[19][19][19][19]******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************Guru ArjanFirst we will have a pic of him.So far we were debating to show the uniqueness of Sikh Religion and here Guru Arjan has made us very clear by repeating the lines of Guru Nanak and Kabir Das . Not only that, he wrote them in SGGS.The lines clearly speak of a Hindu God Krishna of whom people make idols and celebrates his birth. The Guru has condemned such practices and even said the person is no God who takes birth and he (Guru) is no Hindu or Muslim.Guru Arjan says :-Bhairo Mehalaa 5 ||Bhairao, Fifth Mehl:Varath N Reho N Meh Ramadhaanaa ||I do not keep fasts, nor do I observe the month of Ramadaan.This Saevee Jo Rakhai Nidhaanaa ||1||I serve only the One, who will protect me in the end. ||1||Eaek Gusaaee Alahu Maeraa ||The One Lord, the Lord of the World, is my God Allah.Hindhoo Thurak Dhuhaan Naebaeraa ||1|| Rehaao ||He adminsters justice to both Hindus and Muslims. ||1||Pause||Haj Kaabai Jaao N Theerathh Poojaa ||I do not make pilgrimages to Mecca, nor do I worship at Hindu sacred shrines.Eaeko Saevee Avar N Dhoojaa ||2||I serve the One Lord, and not any other. ||2||Poojaa Karo N Nivaaj Gujaaro ||I do not perform Hindu worship services, nor do I offer the Muslim prayers.Eaek Nirankaar Lae Ridhai Namasakaaro ||3||I have taken the One Formless Lord into my heart; I humbly worship Him there. ||3||Naa Ham Hindhoo N Musalamaan ||I am not a Hindu, nor am I a Muslim.Aleh Raam Kae Pindd Paraan ||4||My body and breath of life belong to Allah - to Raam - the God of both. ||4|Kahu Kabeer Eihu Keeaa Vakhaanaa ||Says Kabeer, this is what I say:Gur Peer Mil Khudh Khasam Pashhaanaa ||5||3||Meeting with the Guru, my Spiritual Teacher, I realize God, my Lord and Master. ||5||3|||—-SGGS Page no 1136[20][20][20][20]SGGS Page no 1136Bhairo Mehalaa 5 Ghar 1Bhairao, Fifth Mehl, First House:Ik Oankaar Sathigur Prasaadh ||One Universal Creator God. By The Grace Of The True Guru:Sagalee Thheeth Paas Ddaar Raakhee ||Setting aside all other days,Asattam Thheeth Govindh Janamaa See ||1||It is said that the Lord was born on the eighth lunar day. ||1||Bharam Bhoolae Nar Karath Kacharaaein ||Deluded and confused by doubt, the mortal practices falsehood.Janam Maran Thae Rehath Naaraaein ||1|| Rehaao ||The Lord is beyond birth and death. ||1||Pause||Kar Panjeer Khavaaeiou Chor ||You prepare sweet treats and feed them to your stone god.Ouhu Janam N Marai Rae Saakath Dtor ||2||God is not born, and He does not die, you foolish, faithless cynic! ||2||Sagal Paraadhh Dhaehi Loronee ||You sing lullabies to your stone god - this is the source of all your mistakes.So Mukh Jalo Jith Kehehi Thaakur Jonee ||3||Let that mouth be burnt, which says that our Lord and Master is subject to birth. ||3||Janam N Marai N Aavai N Jaae ||He is not born, and He does not die; He does not come and go in reincarnation.Naanak Kaa Prabh Rehiou Samaae ||4||1||The God of Nanak is pervading and permeating everywhere. ||4||1||[21][21][21][21]**************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************Guru HargobindFirst a pic of him from his childhood.Guru Hargobind militarized the Sikhs. He used to have an standing army of some 700 Horsemen and that 700 men have defeated the Mughal army of 7,000.Usually we see that few people say that Guru Gobind Singh was worshipper of Shakti as he made Khalsa and waged war. Therefore the 9 Gurus were Vaishnav and the last one was Shakta. See the below screenshot for this.But now the guy tries to bypass one thing that it was from the 6th Guru , Sikhs have started carrying the weapons. Guru Hargobind brought up the concept of Miri Piri and the two swords given to him by Baba Buddha during his guruship. This tale is written by other persons too, which quite contradict their own statement when they write first nine Gurus were Vaishnav.Gurus were no Vaishnav. Guru Hargobind, Guru Har Rai and Guru Tegh Bahadur use to carry weapons. Guru hargobind and Guru tegh Bahadur had fought many battles and won.Guru Arjan has clearly written in SGGS page no 1136- God doesn’t take incarnations and he is no Hindu nor Muslim.[22]******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************Guru Tegh BahadurA pic of him for us.Few people bring the book “Gur Pratap Suraj Granth” written by Bhai Santok Singh to keep their views.They debate that Suraj Prakash contains the lines which says that Guru Tegh Bahadur was Hindu.But they forget that these lines quite contradict with the teachings of the Sikh Gurus which are written in SGGS.No Guru has ever said he is following any religion. They only said that they believe in one God —The God of Hindus and Muslims are the Same.[23]In SGGS page no 1136 clearly says that Guru is no Hindu nor Muslim. SGGS is the Eternal Guru not the poetic work of Bhai Santokh Singh.***************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************Guru Gobind SinghZafarnama- Written by Guru Gobind Singh to Emperor Aurangzeb.The 95th couplet, in Persian, referring to his battles with the Mughal-allied hill rajas of the Sivalik Hills, states:"I, too, have fought against the hill-chieftains (kūhīyān, "hill-men") [who] venerate idols. As they are idol worshippers, so I am the idol-breaker."[24][24][24][24]I do not adore Ganesha in the beginning and also do not meditate on Krishna and Vishnu;I have only heard about them with my ears and I do not recognize them; my consciousness is absorbed at the feet of the Supreme Kal (the Immanent Allah/Waheguru/Yehowah/God).434.—Dasam Granth- Guru Gobind Singh -Page no 834Akal Utsat- Dasam Granth -Guru Gobind Singh. Here Guru speaks about the Deities and the Supreme Almighty God.Guru says he worships only Almighty God and no one else.******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************Sikhism has connections with Islam as well.I have already given the Vars of Bhai Gurdas which speaks of Guru Nanak going to Mecca and Baghdad.Guru Nanak gave Azan for Namaz in Baghdad is clearly mentioned in Bhai Gurdas Vars.[25] [26]The Chola or Cloak of Guru Nanak contains the lines from the Holy Quran which is still present at Gurdwara Chola Sahib- Dera Baba Nanak.Bhai Gurdas Vars also speaks of Prophet Muhammad in the very positive and respectful way.Pauri /Stanza 20—-Bhai Gurdass Varan[27]Kaytay Baydi Biaas Kari Kaee Katayb Muhanmad Yaaraa |He has created many a dear personality such as Vedavyas and Muhammad dear to the Vedas and the Katebas respectively.Pauri/Stanza 4- Bhai Gurdass Vaaran[28]Bahu Vaatee Jagi Chaleeaa Tab Hee Bhaay Muhanmadi Yaaraa |When varied sects got prevalent, then Muhammad, the beloved of God was born.Allah is not some 70 feet tall men that we all know.Allah is the formless Lord who is beyond the cycle of birth and Death as spoken by Sikh Gurus.The definition of Allah is well given in Chapter 112 of the Quran, titled Al-Ikhlas (The Sincerity) reads:Say, "He is God, [Who is] One.God, the Eternal Refuge.He neither begets nor is born,Nor is there to Him any equivalent."[29][29][29][29]Lets see What Bhagat Namdev has to say about Hindus and Muslims. SGGS page no 875Dr. Sheena PalDr Sheena Pal has given the analysis of the glorious work of Bhai Kahn Singh Nabha.How Bhai Kahn Singh creates the situation in which a Hindu Friend ask questions to a Sikh guy about Sikhism and how the Sikh guy answers the questions preserving the uniqueness and identity of Sikhism.Dr Sheena Pal writes :”The first thing that strikes us in retrospect is that there was no dialogue between the leaders of the Singh Sabha movement and the Sanatanists. Both sides stuck to their ground. Bhai Kahn Singh’s view that the Sikh identity was not new because the Sikhs were conscious of their distinct identity before the advent of colonial rule, was not taken seriously even though he had adduced evidence from the pre-colonial Sikh literature starting with the Granth Sahib. Instead of meeting his arguments, the Sanatanists rejected his interpretation of Sikh scriptural literature and continued to interpret it in their own way in support of their position.”[30]The success of the Singh Sabha movement in winning converts and purging the Sikh way of life of Brahmanical accretions hardened the attitude of the Sanatanists towards the issue of Sikh identity. In fact, based on the idea of a distinct Sikh identity, the politics of the Akalis could never be appreciated by the Sanatanists. However, though generally opposed to their politics, the Sanatanists could share platform with the Akalis on issues of common interest, like opposition to the idea of Pakistan. This bivalent relationship would remain relevant for the Akali-Sanatanist relations after independence.[31]************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************SummaryGurus were no Vaishnav or Shakta or Muslims or Sufis. Guru Arjan has clearly written in SGGS page no 1136 that “God is not the one who takes birth and death and he(Guru) is no Hindu or Muslim.”Guru Nanak’s or any other Guru’s pictures having Tilak don’t make them Hindu. Neither the Azan or the Cloak having verses of Holy Quran makes them Muslims.Some of the Guru Nanak’s picture shows him having a black thread which is not a Hindu thread.Thread that Hindu wear is usually worn inside the clothes not above it.Pictures of Holy Figures like Jesus, Nanak or Buddha is found in internet having weed or promoting drugs. These are blasphemy.The Murals of Baba Atal Rai Gurdwara show the deities bowing before the infant Nanak. Bowing means they are asking blessings, not the Nanak.Guru Nanak himself claimed “There is no Hindu nor Muslim. When Nanak proclaimed in the court of Daulat Khan Lodhi that “He is neither Hindu nor Muslim” then Nawab asked him to come for Namaz which he did. The site is marked by Gurdwara Antaryatma Sahib.When Guru Nanak was confronted by Shaikh Brahm or Ibrahim (descendant of Baba Farid) with the cardinal question, was he a Hindu or a Muslim? To Guru Nanak such type of questions were irrelevant. He averred, “If I say I am a Hindu, I tell a lie. I am also not a Muslim”.Guru Nanak was not allowed to enter the Jagganath temple at puri due to his dress resembling like a Muslim. Pandits found no Tilak or thread on the Guru’s body.Guru Nanak and Kabir Das told that One who contemplates on God is called Brahmin. That means all the holy figures like Jesus, Buddha or Zoroaster etc all falls in the category of Brahmins. This Brahmin is different to the one who wears thread on the body and do idol worshiping.Kabir Das condemns the Brahmins who wear thread and exploits the common man. He asks if Brahmin says he is superior then why he takes birth like other humans? Why Brahmins too have the same blood like the other humans? SGGS page no 324Even Guru Nanak speaks against such hypocrisy in SGGS page no 471. The hypocrite priests take food from Muslim rulers, but to please them, he taxes the other people and exploits them.The Letter of Complain sent by Hindu Pandits to Emperor Akbar against Guru Amardas as he has stopped the people to worship idols and follow caste system. The incident is well recorded by himself Guru Ram Das.The word”Keso” is not a mythical or real man to whom Guru Amar Das is referring.The Sadd of Guru Amar Das in Rag Ramkali, which is supposed to prescribe kriya after his own death, is not properly understood. It is written with reference to a hymn of Guru Nanak in which the word ‘Keso’ refers to God. Therefore, the Keso Gopal of Sadd is no other than God. Furthermore, at several places in his compositions, Guru Amar Das himself denounces the pandit and what he does.The lines of “Suraj Prakash Granth” that says that Guru Tegh Bahadur was a Hindu goes quite opposite to the teachings of Sri Guru Granth Sahib.Besides Suraj Prakash is a poetic work not a Guru.Guru Gobind Singh has mentioned in the Zarfarnama that he punished the idol worshipers (Sivalik Kings) and he is an idol breaker.He further states in Akal Utsat that he worships only Almighty Waheguru/God/Allah/Yehowah. The almighty is worshiped by other deities too. All the deities will one day fall in the noose of the death as they have too taken birth as per the will of Almighty God.Guru Gobind Singh speaks about the Holiness of Quran. He writes to Emperor Aurangzeb that If he has taken oath on Holy Quran then he would have kept it due to it’s holiness.We should spread Love not Hatred in the Society. Every religion is respectable and Honorable, it’s the people who bring the bad and good fame.Footnotes[1] Murals of Gurdwara Baba Atal Sahib Ji | SikhNet[1] Murals of Gurdwara Baba Atal Sahib Ji | SikhNet[1] Murals of Gurdwara Baba Atal Sahib Ji | SikhNet[1] Murals of Gurdwara Baba Atal Sahib Ji | SikhNet[2] Gurdwara Langar Mandir Chola Sahib[3] Gurdwara Langar Mandir Chola Sahib[4] Vaaran Bhai Gurdas:- Vaar1-Pauri32-ਮੱਕੇ ਦੀ ਯਾਤ੍ਰਾ-At Meccaਵਾਰਾਂ ਭਾਈ ਗੁਰਦਾਸ :-SearchGurbani.com[4] Vaaran Bhai Gurdas:- Vaar1-Pauri32-ਮੱਕੇ ਦੀ ਯਾਤ੍ਰਾ-At Meccaਵਾਰਾਂ ਭਾਈ ਗੁਰਦਾਸ :-SearchGurbani.com[4] Vaaran Bhai Gurdas:- Vaar1-Pauri32-ਮੱਕੇ ਦੀ ਯਾਤ੍ਰਾ-At Meccaਵਾਰਾਂ ਭਾਈ ਗੁਰਦਾਸ :-SearchGurbani.com[4] Vaaran Bhai Gurdas:- Vaar1-Pauri32-ਮੱਕੇ ਦੀ ਯਾਤ੍ਰਾ-At Meccaਵਾਰਾਂ ਭਾਈ ਗੁਰਦਾਸ :-SearchGurbani.com[5] Sultanpur Lodhi - Wikipedia[5] Sultanpur Lodhi - Wikipedia[5] Sultanpur Lodhi - Wikipedia[5] Sultanpur Lodhi - Wikipedia[6] The Sikhs in History by Dr. Sangat Singh - [PDF Document][6] The Sikhs in History by Dr. Sangat Singh - [PDF Document][6] The Sikhs in History by Dr. Sangat Singh - [PDF Document][6] The Sikhs in History by Dr. Sangat Singh - [PDF Document][7] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 1411 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[7] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 1411 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[7] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 1411 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[7] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 1411 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[8] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 141 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[8] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 141 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[8] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 141 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[8] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 141 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[9] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 1021 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[9] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 1021 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[9] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 1021 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[9] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 1021 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[10] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 951 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[10] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 951 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[10] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 951 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[10] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 951 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[11] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 952 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[11] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 952 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[11] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 952 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[11] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 952 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[12] https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/28300/12/12_chapter%206.pdf[12] https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/28300/12/12_chapter%206.pdf[12] https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/28300/12/12_chapter%206.pdf[12] https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/28300/12/12_chapter%206.pdf[13] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 471 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[14] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 324 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[14] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 324 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[14] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 324 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[14] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 324 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[15] The Sikhs in History by Dr. Sangat Singh - [PDF Document][15] The Sikhs in History by Dr. Sangat Singh - [PDF Document][15] The Sikhs in History by Dr. Sangat Singh - [PDF Document][15] The Sikhs in History by Dr. Sangat Singh - [PDF Document][16] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 773 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[16] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 773 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[16] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 773 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[16] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 773 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[17] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 774 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[17] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 774 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[17] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 774 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[17] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 774 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[18] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 733 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[18] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 733 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[18] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 733 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[18] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 733 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[19] https://punjab.global.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/sitefiles/journals/volume20/9-Sheena%20Pall%2020.pdf[19] https://punjab.global.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/sitefiles/journals/volume20/9-Sheena%20Pall%2020.pdf[19] https://punjab.global.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/sitefiles/journals/volume20/9-Sheena%20Pall%2020.pdf[19] https://punjab.global.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/sitefiles/journals/volume20/9-Sheena%20Pall%2020.pdf[20] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 1136 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[20] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 1136 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[20] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 1136 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[20] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 1136 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[21] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 1136 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[21] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 1136 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[21] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 1136 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[21] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 1136 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[22] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 1136 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[23] Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji -: Ang : 1136 -: ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com[24] Idolatry in Sikhism - Wikipedia[24] Idolatry in Sikhism - Wikipedia[24] Idolatry in Sikhism - Wikipedia[24] Idolatry in Sikhism - Wikipedia[25] Vaaran Bhai Gurdas:- Vaar1-Pauri26-ਉਸ ਸਮੇਂ ਦੇ ਹਾਲਾਤ-Erstwhile conditionਵਾਰਾਂ ਭਾਈ ਗੁਰਦਾਸ :-SearchGurbani.com[26] Vaaran Bhai Gurdas:- Vaar1-Pauri35-ਬਗ਼ਦਾਦ ਗਮਨ-Going to Baghdadਵਾਰਾਂ ਭਾਈ ਗੁਰਦਾਸ :-SearchGurbani.com[27] Vaaran Bhai Gurdas:- Vaar1-Pauri20-ਮੁਸਲਮਾਨੀ ਮਤ-Islamਵਾਰਾਂ ਭਾਈ ਗੁਰਦਾਸ :-SearchGurbani.com[28] Vaaran Bhai Gurdas:- Vaar1-Pauri4-ਜਗਤ ਕਾਰਣ-Creationਵਾਰਾਂ ਭਾਈ ਗੁਰਦਾਸ :-SearchGurbani.com[29] Al-Ikhlas - Wikipedia[29] Al-Ikhlas - Wikipedia[29] Al-Ikhlas - Wikipedia[29] Al-Ikhlas - Wikipedia[30] https://punjab.global.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/sitefiles/journals/volume20/9-Sheena%20Pall%2020.pdf[31] https://punjab.global.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/sitefiles/journals/volume20/9-Sheena%20Pall%2020.pdf

Frederick and his court saw that the emperor must represent Charlemagne in order to uphold his authority against the Petrine authority of the popes. The rivalry between Franks and Germans further pushed Frederick to takeover Charlesmagne’s legacy. Since Western Roman Empire was out of picture for long time, his focus had been centered on Eastern Roman Empire. As protector of Holy Roman Empire and Christianity, he would enhance his position by joining Crusades.Source of the picture: Biography of Frederick I Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor‘’ Though Barbarossa had reconciled with the pope, he continued to take actions to strengthen his position in Italy. In 1183, he signed a treaty with the Lombard League, separating them from the pope. Also, his son Henry married Constance, the Norman princess of Sicily, and was proclaimed King of Italy in 1186. While these maneuvers led to increased tension with Rome, it did not prevent Barbarossa answering the call for the Third Crusade in 1189.’’ Source of the quoted paragraphs: Biography of Frederick I Barbarossa, Holy Roman EmperorTurks and other Muslims represented a great opportunity for strengthening his position in European politics. Byzantines were weak but they were quite aware of the political situation in Europe. Cunning Greeks of Byzantine provoked Barbarossa against Turks. They knew what Barbarossa needed in means of politics. Financially, Crusades were burdensome for every party including Byzantines.Politicians of Byzantine did not keep their promises (especially financially) and eventually their betrayal led to the sack of Constantinople in 1204.On the other hand from Byzantine’s point of view, we might interpret the situation otherwise. An objective person shall look at both sides. Let’s look at First Crusade and how thing went out of control.‘’ Byzantines had expected a few mercenary soldiers to cross the Adriatic Sea and travel through Thessalonica when suddenly they learned that massive armies had come by way of Hungary and had arrived in their empire at Belgrade. The Byzantine empire had just suffered a plague of locusts, which ate the vines but left the grain. Some interpreted this to mean the crusaders would kill the Saracens and protect the Christians; but the Byzantines were not so sure. According to the history of his daughter Anna Comnena, Emperor Alexius believed that the Franks' greed for money caused them to break their agreements.’’ Source of the quoted paragraphs: Crusaders, Greeks, and MuslimsSomehow Byzantines mostly saw Crusaders as greedy and barbaric, Crusaders saw them as not trustworthy. I think during the time of Barbarossa little changed in relations of Byzantines and Crusaders.There is a nice source online.‘’ One has to look back to Frederick’s first encounter with Byzantium: the Second Crusade. There, while the Crusaders laboured for Christ under miserable conditions under the burning sun of Anatolia, repeatedly suffering defeat and harassment by a people they thought were enemies of God, the illustrious emperor of the East, Manuel Komnenos, seemed more like a shadowy idol of the perfidious Greeks than the true Roman emperor he claimed to be (De profectione Ludovici VII: 76).Both the Germans and the French, who were by no means the best of allies, grew increasingly weary of their Byzantine ally, the loquaciousness of his ambassadors and his continuous failures to uphold his end of their bargains. As if this were not enough, Odo of Deuil even noted the response the Greek ambassadors gave to the Crusaders: all is allowed if it is for the good of the holy empire, the sacrum imperium (De profectione Ludovici VII: 56).Frederick Barbarossa, when writing about Byzantine affairs in 1157 to his fellow Crusader and leader of a large German force during the second crusade, Otto of Freising, did not intend to impress his uncle with fine words alone: by assuming a part of the ideology of his main rival for the mantle of the Roman emperors of old, Frederick let it be known that only he was a true Roman emperor, and that he would let this insult slide for the time being, but only because there were more pressing matters than another expedition against the Normans. Frederick might have been only buying time with his eloquence, but its effect endured. The Frankish legacy, which Frederick always held before him, was apparently not the only source of his ideology, nor was it always its governing element (Appelt 1967: 16). ‘’ Source of the quoted paragraphs: http://file:///C:/Users/MERT/Downloads/Sulovsky_Vedran_60_72%20(1).pdfSource of the picture: Heritage History - ProductsSecondly, another reliable source might be:‘’ Another cleric who travelled with his ruler to the Holy Land was the German bishop Otto of Freising (d. 1158). As a bishop and a half-brother to King Conrad III, Otto was also an important figure at court, Otto was not just the king's chaplain. He was a military leader who was entrusted with the command of a large detachment of soldiers. He tells the story of the crusade in small chapters contained in two larger works The Deeds of Frederick Barbarossa and the Chronicon. In The Deeds of Frederick Barbarossa, Otto even interrupts his account of the crusade to give us a complete description of the encounter between Gilbet of Poiters and Bernard of Clairvaux.‘’ Unlike Odo, Otto does not seek a scape-goat for the crusade’s failure. He makes no mention of Greek treachery. Otto's two works are the best accounts of the German side of the crusade.’’ Source of the quoted paragraphs: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2889&context=masters_thesesAlthough Barbarossa was unsuccessful against Turks and Barbarossa died while passing a river by his shining armor , his actions led to the belief in Germanic unity.No need to say, he had low opinions about Greeks and he disliked their so called treacherous methods. Some historians might claim ‘’Byzantine treachery’’ rhetoric as seeking a scape goat though. ( Probably Greeks had low opinions of him as well)Legacy‘’ Over the centuries following his death, Barbarossa became a symbol for German unity. During the 14th century, there was a belief that he would rise from the imperial castle of Kyffhäuser. During World War II, the Germans launched a massive attack against Russia, which they dubbed Operation Barbarossa in honor of the medieval emperor. ‘’ Source of the quoted paragraphs: Biography of Frederick I Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor

Instead of talking in an advising/asserting tone, just discuss with her, her views on religion and God. It should be as if asking yourself if it is wrong to believe in God.Besides, there is nothing wrong in being an atheist. Vivekananda in the beginning was a strong atheist who questioned anybody talkative on God and religion and his question was not less than ‘Have you seen God yourself to talk so much?’Finally, even as he claims to have realized God after becoming a disciple to Sriramakrishna Paramahamsa, he still took a bold stand on the matter to say one does not deserve to talk about God if he/she did not realize God’s presence himself. In his own words, it is better to be an atheist than becoming a hypocrite. So, be happy at least your girlfriend is true to herself.In fact, you can tell her this argument that she is not an atheist if she believes in morality(so she contradicts herself as an atheist). Vivekananda himself said an atheist cannot find any meaning to morality. Atheism does not give an analytic answer as to why one should not be selfish and enjoy even at the expense of most heinous crimes (as thugs used to do in India, a few hundred years before - they were conditioned from their childhood itself not to feel sorry even about murdering and doing even worse things). If you were to ask them to justify their action they were ready to say that was just their way of life and there was nothing wrong about it. So, what can an atheist tell them? Why will an atheist say certain deeds are evil and certain other things are good. The religion being the aim is what explains the glory of a selfless life as above the other extreme state of mind. One has to use the powerful human body as a tool for detaching from the body itself, to raise to higher limits. Vivekananda says one is here to help himself as his every action of compassion and serving others is basically building up higher states of mind, graduating over to something beyond mind.So, in your girlfriend’s case, if she is a good human being, by instinct she is religious. So, you have to make her realize that (go slow, don’t lose patience).First see yourself Vivekananda literature on Karma Yoga (pdf available by surfing) and if you find suitable, just ask her what the first few lines mean. Vivekananda lectures had transformed quite a few scientists who believed religion is no science - Vivekananda impressively explains why religion and procedures to seek God are science.Hope this may help.