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Some Basics about Processor, Chipset and SoCA CPU is typically referred to as a "microprocessor". Almost all CPUs in mobiles are based on specifications by ARM (Cortex A7/A53/A73/A75). A processor is simply a part of a chipset. Chipset basically is the motherboard in a phone. It is made of ICs and provides all the inter communication channels. Combination of Chipset and CPU is called a SoC (System on Chip) which integrates all the components on a single chip.Most processors in smartphones are developed on reference designs licensed from ARM. Most smartphone chipset manufacturing companies use stock implementations of Cortex processors from ARM references.So naturally the question arises that if all cpus and socs are based on the architectures implemented by ARM, then what the heck is it? But to know that, first we need to get acquainted with another new term namely - RISC, the microprocessor upon which the architecture of ARM is based on.What is R.I.S.C?RISC (reduced instruction set computer) is a microprocessor that is designed to perform a smaller number of computer instructions so that it can operate at a higher speed (perform more millions of instructions per second, or MIPS). The instruction set architecture (ISA) allows RISC to have fewer cycles per instruction (CPI) than a complex instruction set computer (CISC). RISC is the most commonly and widely used architecture in smartphone and other mobile devices (tabs, pads etc).An ARM processor is one of a family of CPUs based on the RISC (reduced instruction set computer) architecture developed by Advanced RISC Machines (ARM). It makes 32-bit and 64-bit RISC multi-core processors. RISC processors are designed to perform a smaller number of types of computer instructions so that they can operate at a higher speed, performing more millions of instructions per second (MIPS). ARM Holdings periodically releases updates to the architecture. Architecture versions ARMv3 to ARMv7 support 32-bit address space. The ARMv8 architecture added support for a 64-bit address space and 64-bit arithmetic with its new 32-bit fixed-length instruction set.Now Coming to the key point of this article, we focus upon the various types Chipset/SoC manufacturers available in the market (*note – production of some has been discontinued in smartphone devices but are still being manufactured for tablets, pads or laptops).Apple A-SeriesThe Apple "A" series is a family of "Systems on Chip" (SoC) used in multiple devices, including some of Apple's portable devices such as certain models of the iPhone, iPad, iPod touch, and the Apple TV digital media player. They integrate one or more ARM-based processing cores (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), cache memory and other electronics necessary to provide mobile computing functions within a single physical package. They are designed by Apple, and manufactured by Samsung and TSMC.A10 Fusion ChipThe Apple A10 Fusion is a system on a chip (SoC) from Apple that is built into the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus. It integrates four 64 Bit cores that are divided in two clusters. Two high performance cores are clocked at up to 2.34 GHz called Hurricane and two lower clocked cores called Zephyr. The principle is similar to the first generation of ARM’s big.LITTLE concept.A11 Bionic ChipThe Apple A11 Bionic Chip is a 64-bit Advanced RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) Machine (ARM)-based custom SoC (System on a Chip) designed by Apple. It was used on the iPhone 8, iPhone 8 Plus, and iPhone X. It has two superior cores called Monsoon which are quicker than the Apple A10 and four high-efficiency cores called Mistral which are up to 70% quicker than the energy-efficient cores in the Apple A10. It’s based on 10 nm FinFET (Fin-Field Effect Transistor) technology.A12 Bionic ChipThe Apple A12 Bionic is a 64 bit ARM based System On Chip (SoC) designed by Apple. A six-core CPU, with two high-performance cores running at 2.49 GHz called Vortex and four energy-efficient cores called Tempest. It first appeared in the iPhone XS, XS Max and XR which were introduced on September 12, 2018. It is claimed to be 15% faster and 40% more energy-efficient than theApple A11.*GeekBench 3.0 multi-core scores for Apple Chip-setsSNAPDRAGONSnapdragon is the Brand name for family of mobile SoC being designed and marketed by Qualcomm Technologies Inc . Snapdragon processors enable a comprehensive all-in-one system. The Snapdragon central processing unit (CPU) uses the ARM RISC instruction set. A single SoC may include multiple CPU cores, a graphics processing unit (GPU), a wireless modem, and other software and hardware to support a smartphone's global positioning system (GPS), camera, gesture recognition and video.Snapdragon 200 series :Snapdragon 205The Snapdragon 205 Mobile Platform brings 4G LTE to more people in more places. A combination of features bring performance without compromising battery life. With features like CAT4 Modem , 480p 60 fps video support and Adreno 304 GPU, this SoC is used in feature phones.Snapdragon 210The Snapdragon 210 processor supports 4G LTE, with advanced X5 LTE connectivity. The 28nm Quad-core CPU is based upon ARM Cortex A7 architecture supporting up to 720p native display and 1080p video playback. The ISP supports up to 8MP camera.Snapdragon 212The Snapdragon 212 processor integrates 4G LTE and a combination of features and performance without compromising battery life. The Qualcomm Snapdragon 212 mobile platform supports 1080p Full HD video playback , Quick Charge 2.0 , Fluence HD audio and a Qualcomm Snapdragon X5 LTE modem for advanced 4G LTE features in high-volume budget smartphones.Snapdragon 400 series :Snapdragon 410Designed with both 32-bit and 64-bit CPU support, the Qualcomm Snapdragon 410 processor supports both multi-SIM multimode 4G LTE and versatile power efficiency for embedded applications. Built on 28nm with 1080p support and Quick Charge 2.0 , it is popular for budget choice.Snapdragon 435The Qualcomm Snapdragon 435 mobile platform integrates a Qualcomm Snapdragon X9 LTE modem with support for Cat 7 downlink speeds up to 300 Mbps, and Cat 13 uplink speeds up to 150 Mbps. With a 21MP dual ISP, Adreno 505 GPU integration and Quick Charge 3.0 , the Snapdragon 435 supports rich, high-quality camera images and stunning graphics with optimum speed and power efficiency.Snapdragon 450The Qualcomm Snapdragon 450 mobile platform uses leading-edge 14 nm technology to power premium experiences in high-tier smartphones without draining the battery. With features like support for real time Bokeh camera effects, an integrated X9 LTE modem, Adreno 506 PC-class graphics and Trusignal Antenna Boost the Snapdragon 450 is designed to provide fast connectivity, vibrant displays, and performance that's both powerful and efficient.Snapdragon 600 series :Snapdragon 625The Qualcomm Snapdragon 625 mobile platform uses leading-edge 14 nm technology to power in high-tier smartphones without draining the battery. With support to full HD+ (1080p), an integrated X9 LTE modem, Adreno 506 PC-class graphics and Quick Charge 3.0, the Snapdragon 625 is designed to provide fast connectivity, vibrant displays, and performance.Snapdragon 630The Snapdragon 630 contains a Qualcomm Spectra ISP—a first for the 600 series mobile platforms as well as a X12 LTE modem for up to 600 Mbps downlink speeds, up to 30% higher graphics performance, and twice the LTE downlink speed vs the prior generation.Snapdragon 632With Kryo 250 CPU, the Snapdragon 632 mobile platform boasts up to 40% performance improvement over its predecessor. It’s designed to support advanced photography with 2x ISP and enhanced gaming with Adreno 506 while taking advantage of power efficiencies and fast LTE speeds to deliver upgraded user experiences.Snapdragon 636The Snapdragon 636 comes with a Qualcomm Spectra ISP, a Kryo 260 CPU built on ARM Cortex A53 and A73, and a X12 LTE modem for up to 600 Mbps downlink speeds. Designed to support advanced photography and enhanced gaming, Snapdragon 636 promises longer battery life and faster LTE speeds.Snapdragon 660The Snapdragon 660 sports the Qualcomm Artificial Intelligence Engine (AIE), Qualcomm Spectra ISP, Kryo 260 CPU and Hexagon DSP with Hexagon Vector eXtensions (HVX) for the first time in the 600 tier. It's designed to support a leap in performance supporting on-device artificial intelligence, advanced photography and enhanced gaming, in addition to long battery life and fast LTE speeds offering upto 30% higher graphics performance and twice the LTE and Wi-Fi downlink speed compared to the prior generation.Snapdragon 675The Snapdragon 675 comes loaded with new Kryo 460 CPU which supports and excels in an outstanding range of on-device activities, with enhanced efficiency and speed along with the Adreno 612 GPU, made hyper-efficient by heterogenous computing. The Qualcomm Spectra 250L ISP can capture limitless 480 fps HD slo-mo recording. The multi-core AI Engine drives on-device interactions to the next level, with 50% faster performance than the previous generation.Snapdragon 700 series :Snapdragon 710The new architectures of the Snapdragon 710 Mobile Platform are engineered to optimize and enhance AI, power, and performance for some of the most in-demand mobile devices. The Qualcomm Spectra 250 ISP adds professional-grade camera features and the multi-core Qualcomm Artificial Intelligence (AI) Engine combines new architectures for efficient and powerful performance. It comes Kryo 360 CPU and Qualcomm Adreno 616 GPU.Snapdragon 712The Qualcomm Snapdragon 712 Mobile Platform is built on a 10nm process and uses a sophisticated, multicore Qualcomm AI Engine consisting of the Qualcomm Kryo 360 CPU, Qualcomm Adreno 616 GPU, and the Qualcomm Hexagon 685 DSP. With 4K HDR video playback , Quick Charge 4 and X15 LTE modem , this Chipset belongs to the top tier.Snapdragon 720GSnapdragon 720G is a mid-range 64 bit ARM LTE system on chip designed by Qualcomm and introduced in early 2020. Fabricated on Samsung's 8nm LPP process, the 720G features six kryo 465 silver high-efficiency cores operating at 1.8 GHz along with two high-performance kryo 465 gold operating at 2.3 GHz. The Snapdragon 720G integrates the adreno 618 GPU operation at 750 MHz and features an X15 LTE modem supporting Cat 13 uplink and Cat 15 downlink. This chip supports up to 8 GiB of dual-channel LPDDR4X-3733 memory.Snapdragon 730GSnapdragon 730G is a mid-range 64 bit ARM LTE system on chip designed by Qualcomm and introduced in early 2019. Fabricated on Samsung's 8nm LPP process, the 730G features six kryo 465 silver high-efficiency cores operating at 1.8 GHz along with two high-performance kryo 470 gold operating at 2.2 GHz. The Snapdragon 730G integrates the adreno 618 GPU operation at 575 MHz and features an X15 LTE modem supporting Cat 13 uplink and Cat 15 downlink. This chip supports up to 8 GiB of dual-channel LPDDR4X-3733 memory.Snapdragon 765GSnapdragon 765G is an ARM-based SoC integrated with eight cores Kryo 475 divided into two clusters. A fast performance cluster contains two ARM Cortex-A76 cores clocked at up to 2.4 GHz (prime core) and 2.2 GHz (gold core) and a power efficiency cluster with six small ARM Cortex-A55 cores at up to 1.8 GHz. While the Qualcomm Adreno 620 GPU provides 10% faster graphics rendering compared to the standard Snapdragon 765.Snapdragon 800 series :Snapdragon 810With octa-core CPUs, the Snapdragon 810 processor with X10 LTE supports cutting-edge mobile experiences. With download speeds of up to 450 Mbps and the ability to stream 4K Ultra HD video , high-res digital media capabilities and Dual-Image Signal Processors supporting upto 55MP camera , the Snapdragon 810 processor is designed with the connectivity, speed, and power.Snapdragon 821The Snapdragon 821 mobile platform with X12 LTE is designed to support superior connectivity, graphics, photography, power and battery efficiency and helps set a new bar for smartphones, tablets, mobile virtual reality (VR) head-mounted displays. With 28mp Spectre ISP , Quick charge 3.0 and Hexagon 680 DSP it sets the bar for mainstream smartphones.Snapdragon 835With 10nm design, the Snapdragon 835 is 35% smaller and uses 25% less power than previous designs, and is engineered to deliver exceptionally long battery life, lifelike VR and AR experiences alongside upto 32 mp Qualcomm Spectra 180 ISP cutting-edge camera capabilities , Gigabit Class download speeds and Mobile Security Suites.Snapdragon 845Snapdragon 845 includes immersive XR experiences, an intelligent personal assistant and advanced vault-like security. It also delivers up to 1.2 Gbps peak download speeds across a broader spectrum. The Qualcomm Spectra 280 ISP is designed to deliver a premium camera along with Adreno 630 Visual Processing Subsystem. Also with X20 modem and Quick Charge 4.0 , this was the flagship chipset for last year.Snapdragon 855The most beefy thing about Snapdragon 855 is that it brings in 5G support along with Gigabit 4G LTE support.Snapdragon 855 is powered by new architecture improvements and leading 7nm process technology. Other noteworthy feature includes the world’s first Computer Vision (CV) ISP delivering 4K HDR video capture with Portrait Mode and world’s first to capture HDR10+ video.Snapdragon 865Snapdragon 865 is a high-performance 64 bit ARM LTE SOC designed by Qualcomm and introduced in late 2019. Fabricated on TSMC's advanced 7nm process, the 865 features four kryo 585 silver high-efficiency cores operating at 1.8 GHz along with three high-performance kryo 585 gold operating at 2.42 GHz and another prime kryo 585 gold core operating at 2.84 GHz. The Snapdragon 865 integrates the adreno 650 GPU operation at 600 MHz and supports up to 16 GiB of quad-channel LPDDR5-5500 memory.*GeekBench 3.0 scores for Snapdragon ChipsetsMEDIATEKMediaTek Inc. is a Taiwanese fabless semiconductor company that provides chips for wireless communications, High-definition television, handheld mobile devices like smartphones and tablet computers, navigation systems, consumer multimedia products and Digital subscriber line services as well as optical disc drives. Some stunning features offered by this SoC is MiraVision(enhances the display experience) and ImagiQ(photography enhancing features).Mid-Tier MediaTek series :MediaTek MT6752The MT6752 is a 64-bit octa-core 4G LTE platform based on the ARM Cortex A53 processor with ARM Mali T760 graphics. Designed for the ‘super-mid’ market, MT6752 delivers high performance and efficient compatibility for legacy 32-bit applications. Dual-mode LTE provides worldwide 4G-network compatibility, while dual-band 802.11n Wi-Fi and Bluetooth 4.0 support high-performance wireless networks and devices.MediaTek 6750The MT6750 outperforms previous solutions in terms of power-efficiency and performance thanks to its octa-core CPU based on Cortex A53 (clocked at up to 1.5GHz) and also adds the modern Mali T860 dual GPU (up to 650MHz in MT6750T variant). In addition, MT6750 supports as much as 4GB of LPDDR3 memory (up to 833MHz in MT6750T variant). It supports upto 16MP at 30 fps or 20MP at 24 fps.MediaTek Helio A22The Helio A22 pairs four ARM Cortex-A53's operating up to a super-fast 2.0GHz with an IMG PowerVR GE-class GPU, and either high-speed LPDDR4x memory or cost-efficient LPDDR3. CPU performance is up to 30% faster and GPU up to an incredible 72% faster than the direct alternative. It allows up to HD+ (1600 x 720) resolution displays and a 20:9 ratio. AI capabilities includes exciting features such as Face ID (Face Unlock), Smart Photo Album and advanced single or dual-camera Bokeh effects to photography. It’s based on ARM Cortex-A53 architecture at 2 GHz clock speed.MediaTek Helio P Series :MediaTek Helio P20The Helio P20 is built on a 16nm process node with ARM cortex A53 cores clocked at 2.3 GHz and offers 25% better power efficiency, higher processing performance and our most advanced camera/video features to date. MediaTek Helio P20 also offers significant multitasking and multimedia improvement due to LPDDR4X memory support.MediaTek Helio P30The Helio P30’s Imagiq 2.0 incorporates premium, hardware-backed dual-camera features that deliver an unparalleled photographic quality and experience to mainstream smartphones. Its 16+16MP dual camera system is powered by two 14-bit ISPs, allowing a combination of wide + telephoto zoom lenses for real-time depth-of-field effects, zHDR and improved real-time de-noise in low-light conditions for both photography and video recording. It’s based on ARM cortex A53 architecture at 2.3 GHz.MediaTek Helio P60The Helio P60 combines the incredible power of four big Arm Cortex-A73 processors among its octa-core CPU; a multi-core AI Processing Unit (Mobile APU) for efficient edge-AI processing; the latest Arm Mali-G72 GPU; 20:9 FullHD+ display support; and three power-optimized ISPs and other hardware-enhancements paired to supersized cameras. This is all fabricated on TSMC’s latest 12nm FinFET process technology, and when combined with MediaTek CorePilot 4.0 provides class-leading performance and power-efficiency.MediaTek Helio P70The Helio P70 incorporates a powerful Arm Cortex-A73/A53 octa-core CPU complex with an impressive Arm Mali-G72 class GPU. Versus the prior P60, the faster clock speeds generate up to 13% more performance. In-hand, there’s support for 20:9 displays at Full HD+ resolution. MediaTek uses the latest TSMC 12nm FinFET production process.MediaTek Helio P90The Helio P90 supports Dual camera arrays of up to 24+16MP at 30fps bokeh live-previews that are 6X faster and 2.25X higher resolution than competitor alternatives. The cpu is a pair of powerful Arm Cortex-A75 CPUs with six Cortex-A55 in a single octa-core cluster, which is connected to a large L3 cache accessible by all cores. The SoC combines this CPU complex with the performance leading APU 2.0, a powerful IMG PowerVR GM 9446 GPU and fast LPDDR4X memory controller.MediaTek Helio X Series :MediaTek Helio X20The Helio X20 is capable of supporting smartphones with dual-cameras and includes color and mono sensor support. The display can be refreshed at up to 120 fps for crisp and responsive scrolling of web content and maps, and with an ARM Mali-T880 MP4 GPU up to 780MHz, it yields uncompromised performance in games with high-resolution graphics. The Deca core CPU Clusters are based upon 2 Cortex A72 at 2.1GHz peak,2 Cortex A53 at 1.85GHz and 2 at 1.4GHz.MediaTek Helio X25The Helio X25 (MT6797T) provides three processor clusters, each designed to more efficiently handle different types of workloads. The premium MediaTek Helio X25 features a maximized clock frequency across all three clusters, with an maximum of 2.5GHz on the powerful ARM Cortex-A72 cluster, ARM-A53 at 2.0GHz and ARM-A53 at 1.55GHz respectively.MediaTek Helio X30The Helio X30 is among the first wave of 10nm smartphone chipsets sporting 10 cored (Deca-core) smartphone having Dual-core ARM Cortex-A73 up to 2.6GHz, quad-core ARM Cortex-A53 up to 2.2GHz and quad-core ARM Cortex-A35 up to 1.9GHz, with 4G LTE-Advanced WorldMode modem that uses 3x Carrier Aggregation with performance of 450MBit/s. Taken together, this technology gives manufacturers greater flexibility in designing halo smartphones that provide an outstanding, high endurance user experience.*GeekBench 3.0 scores for MediaTek ChipsetsEXYNOSExynos is a series of ARM-based System-on-Chips developed and manufactured by Samsung Electronics and is a continuation of Samsung's earlier S3C, S5L and S5P line of SoC’s. The Exynos chipset claims to provide Unmatched Performance, Artificial Intelligence, Seamless Connectivity and an Immersive Display experience.Exynos 5 Series :Exynos 7872With a hexa-core CPU consisting two 2.0GHz Cortex A73 cores and four 1.6GHz Cortex A53 for high performance and better power efficiency, the Exynos 7872 processor features an LTE modem that supports 300Mbps downlink speed and 150Mbps uplink speed. It’s based on 14nm FinFET Process and features Mali G71 MP1 GPU.Exynos 7 Series :Exynos 7880With advanced 14nm FinFET process technology, Exynos 7880 consumes up to 36% less power than its predecessor built on 28nm HKMG process at the same performance level. It is an octa-core 64-bit CPU and comes with an advanced Mali-T830 MP3 GPU. The ISP sensor supports upto 21.7MP cameras both in rear and front.Exynos 7885In addition to the LTE modem supporting every major network, the Exynos 7885 features enjoyable multimedia experiences with the advanced ISP (Image Signal Processor) and MFC (Multi-Format Codec) for effortless content sharing, capturing, and playing. It’s based on 10nm FinFET process having 2.2GHz Dual-core (Cortex-A73) and 1.6GHz Hexa-core (Cortex-A53) coupled with Mali G71 MP2 GPU for graphics.Exynos 7904Based upon 14nm FinFET technology the newly launched Exynos 7904 is based upon cortex-A73 1.8GHz Dual core cpu as primary and Cortex-A53 1.6GHz Hexa core cpu as secondary. Coupled with Mali-G71 MP2 GPU and an ISP supporting dual cams upto 16MP (both), This chipset is aimed at the budget segment.Exynos 9 Series :Exynos 8895The Exynos 8895 is built on 10nm FinFET process which allows up to 27% higher performance or 40% lower power consumption when compared to 14nm LPE FinFET. Built on 4 Custom cores (Up to 2.3GHz) and 4 Cortex A53 cores (Up to 1.7GHz) and paired with Mali-G71 MP20 GPU, this chipset also supports AI capabilities and Iris Recognition features.Exynos 9610The Exynos 9610 processor is based on 10nm FinFET process and features a vision image processing unit consisting a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) that efficiently converts analog streams of images and video into a digital signal and a neural-network engine that analyzes the surroundings and AI related features for enhanced photography and filming supporting 480fps slow-motion in full HD. The cores can go upto 2.3GHz Quad-core (Cortex-A73) and upto 1.7GHz Quad-core (Cortex-A53) Coupled with A Mali-G72 MP3 GPU.Exynos 9810Built on 2nd gen 10nm FinFET Process, the Exynos 9810 supports GigaBit LTE, 4K HDR videography (with 10 bit color support), has Dual ISP sensors and Mali-G72 MP18 as it’s drivers. The architecture includes 4x Custom CPU, Up to 2.9GHz and 4x Cortex-A55, Up to 1.9GHz supporting native display resolution upto 4K.Exynos 9820Based on Dual-core (Custom CPU), Dual-core (Cortex-A75) and Quad-core (Cortex-A55), the Exynos 9820 is a Flagship grade CPU. The Exynos 9820’s advanced image signal processor (ISP) supports up to five sensors, including an IR sensor, to enable flexible multi-camera solutions alongside encoding and decoding of 8K videos at 30fps. The 8nm LPP (Low Power Plus) FinFET process reduces power consumption by up to 10 percent compared to 10nm LPP process. With separate NPU (Neural Processing Unit), 2GBps Downlink speed and ARM Mali-G76 MP12, this SoC is one of a kind.*GeekBench 3.0 scores for Exynos ChipsetsHisilicon KirinHiSilicon is a Chinese fabless semiconductor company based in Shenzhen, Guangdong and fully owned by Huawei. On-device and cloud AI technologies complement each other, Huawei The NPU will see traditionally cloud-based apps that use AI run in real time on the phone.Kirin 600 Series :Kirin 620Huawei's first octa-core processor, Kirin 620 has 28nm HPM Cortex-A53 architecture design, Mali-450 MP4 GPU, LPDDDR3 memory, and also supports the maximum 150 Mbit/s LTE Cat4. The performance, endurance, function, and network connectivity of Kirin 620 is impeccable.Kirin 650The world's second piece of SoC produced massively with the 16-nm FinFET plus process, Kirin 650 features the big.LITTLE architecture of 4x cortex A53 cores at 2GHz along with 4x A53 cores at 1.7GHz and the Mali T830 GPU.Kirin 659The Kirin 659 is an octa core SoC with 4 Cortex A53 cores at 2.36 GHz and remaining 4 at 1.7 GHz following the ARM-based big.LITTLE architecture alongwith Mali-T830 MP2 GPU. Launched on 17th March, 2017 this SoC is used in mid-range devices.Kirin 700 Series :Kirin 710Kirin 710 offers high performance with high powered 4×A73 cores at 2.2GHz and low powered 4×A53 cores at 1.7 GHz coupled with Mali G51 GPU. Hi-AI powered scene recognition is supported for photography. Kirin 710 supports dual SIM dual VoLTE for stable high-speed connections, added with TEE and inSE security protection technologies.Kirin 900 Series :Kirin 930The Kirin 930 uses a 28nm HPC process with 4 Cortex A53e cores at 2 GHz and the other 4 regular A53 cores at 1.5GHz coupled with Mali-T628 MP4 GPU. It supports LTE Cat.6 modem and upto 1080p native display resolution.Kirin 950Kirin 950 uses the industry-leading 16-nm FinFET plus process, with 4 Cortex A72 cores and 4 Cortex A53 cores following big.LITTLE architecture and Mali T880 MP4 GPU. It’s loaded with Dual ISP (42 MP), Native 10-bit 4K video encoder and a i5 coprocessor.Kirin 960Kirin 960 introduces the brand-new big.LITTLE architecture with 4 Cortex A73 cores and 4 Cortex A53 cores with Mali G71 MP8 graphics processor unit (GPU), and is the first to support the 4CC 600 Mbit/s rate. It’s equipped with i6 sensing coprocessor and supports upto 4k at 30fps.Kirin 970Kirin 970 is built through the most advanced TSMC 10 nm process technology with 4 cores on Cortex A73 and the other 4 on Cortex A53 integrating 5.5 billion transistors. It sports a 12-core GPU, dedicated NPU, dual ISP, a 1.2 Gbps high-speed Cat.18 LTE modem, and an innovative HiAI mobile computing architecture.Kirin 980The Kirin 980 is the world's first commercial mobile phone SoC chipset made with TSMC's 7 nm process with 2 Cortex A76 cores at 2.6GHz peak, other two at 1.92Ghz peak and 4 Cortex A55 cores at 1.8Ghz integrating 6.9 billion transistors to improve both performance and efficiency along with Dual NPU’s and an i8 sensor coprocessor. It is the first to be developed based on Mali-G76 MP10 GPU, a 1.4 Gbps high-speed Cat.21 in the world. The Kirin 980 supports the world's fastest LPDDR4X with the rate up to 2133MHz, the world's fastest mobile phone Wi-Fi chipset, to support 160 MHz bandwidth. The theoretical peak download rate is 1.7 Gbit/s.*GeekBench 3.0 scores for Kirin ChipsetsSpreadtrumSpreadtrum, founded in 2001, has made waves recently thanks to a high-profile partnership with Intel to produce new chips.Spreadtrum Communications, Inc., now Unisoc, is a Chinese fabless semiconductor company headquartered in Shanghai which produces chipsets for mobile phones. Spreadtrum chipsets can be seen in Samsung’s Z series of Tizen phones , the Galaxy Tab 3 Lite, Galaxy Tab E, and the Galaxy Pocket 2, to name a few.Low-tier series :This is the most popular spectrum for spreadtrum series. These chips are basically the equivalent of Qualcomm’s 32-bit Snapdragon 200 and 400 series in many ways. So that means quad-core A7 CPUs (for the most part), camera support topping out at 13MPs and possibly packing LTE. The two popular chips in this bracket are the SC9830A and SC9850, being quad-core A7 designs with LTE capabilities, 1080p video decoding and support for up to 13MP cameras. The former offers a dual-core Mali 400 GPU while the latter delivers newer but single-core Mali T820 graphics.Mid-tier series :A traditional mid-range processor is the SC9860. The chipset, which was first unveiled at MWC 2016, also sports dual-camera support, a 16nm FinFET manufacturing process, HEVC encode/decode and 4K recording/playback.High-tier series :SC9853i and SC9861G-IA are built on Intel’s 14nm manufacturing processes.Fortunately, these chips are in at least two smartphones as Leagoo’s T5c sports the SC9853i and the LS9718 from little-known brand Senwa feature the SC9861G-IA. Announced in August 2017 and launched a few months later, the SC9853i packs those eight Airmont cores, but also includes a dual-core version of the Mali T820 graphics chip(which is pretty old now!). Otherwise, the chip also supports up to 16MP+8MP dual cameras. It’s also noteworthy that this chip offers 1080p video recording.*GeekBench 3.0 score of Leagoo’s T5c sporting the SC9853iIntel Atom (Discontinued)Atom is a system on a chip (SoC) platform designed for smartphones and tablet computers, launched by Intel in 2012. It is a continuation of the partnership announced by Intel and Google on 13 September 2011 to provide support for the Android operating system on Intel x86 processorsThe most popular Intel Atom-powered smartphone to date is probably the ZenFone 2, a distinction that speaks for itself. Some other noteworthy devices includes Motorola Razr i ; Asus zenfone 4,5,6,7(specific models) ; Asus Zenpad, and vivopad ; a bunch of Lenovo ideatab and yoga tablets and on some Samsung Galaxy tab series. Without any unique advantages to its Atom CPU line and no captive market like it has on the desktop, Intel is right to bow out of the smartphone processor race. It finally chose to cut its losses and cancel its next planned 14 nm Goldmont chip at Broxton bailing out of the smartphone soc race. It still continues to manufacture it's atom s.o.c's for tablets.*Series of different atom series chipsetsNvidia TegraTegra is a system on a chip (SoC) series developed by Nvidia for mobile devices such as smartphones, personal digital assistants, and mobile Internet devices. The Tegra integrates an ARM architecture central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU), northbridge, southbridge, and memory controller onto one package. The first product to use the Tegra was Microsoft's Zune HD media player in September 2009, followed by the Samsung M1. Microsoft's Kin was the first cellular phone to use the Tegra.Tegra 600 series :Tegra 600Targeted for GPS segment and automotive, it is based on ARM11 700 MHz MPCore with low-power DDR (DDR-333, 166 MHz). It supports upto HD camera 720p.Tegra 650Targeted for GTX of handheld and notebook with ARM11 800 MHz MPCore, Tegra 650 has HD image processing capabilities for advanced digital still camera and HD camcorder functions with display supports 1080p at 24 frame/s, HDMI v1.3, WSXGA+ LCD and CRT, and NTSC/PAL TV.Tegra K1Nvidia’s Tegra K1 ("Logan") features ARM Cortex-A15 cores in a 4+1 configuration similar to Tegra 4, or Nvidia's 64-bit Project Denver dual-core processor as well as a Kepler graphics processing unit with support for Direct3D 12, OpenGL ES 3.1, CUDA 6.5, OpenGL 4.4/OpenGL 4.5, and Vulkan. The HTC Nexus 9 tablet and Xiaomi MiPad uses the Tegra K1 SoC.Tegra X1Nvidia's Tegra X1 ("Erista") features four ARM Cortex-A57 cores and four ARM Cortex-A53 cores, as well as a Maxwell-based graphics processing unit. Devices utilizing the Tegra X1 always show themselves as having only four ARM Cortex-A57 cores available. The other four ARM Cortex-A53 cores can not be accessed by the operating system and are used automatically in very low power scenarios determined by the CPU itself. The Google Pixel C tablet and the Nvidia Shield TV uses the Tegra X1 SoC.*GeekBench 3.0 comparison between Tegra and other chipsetsAs we move from the era of web services and apps to an era of AI-based systems, this revolution will happen faster. AI will be pervasive in all computing applications. Autonomous driving will change how we use cars. Smartphones will become more intuitive and proactive. Radical new business models will change our lives in ways we can’t imagine.Some informations and pictures used above have been cited from Wikipedia; The Verge; Android Authority; Android Central; Qualcomm, Exynos, MediaTek and Kirin’s Official Websites and GsmArena.