Form Inspection Of Medical Waste Incinerators: Fill & Download for Free

Hii Shweta ,Medical waste refers to clinical waste materials that are produced from healthcare facilities, such as hospitals, doctor's offices, pharmaceutical manufacturing plants, nursing homes, and research laboratories. These materials may include used syringes, soiled dressings, chemicals used to treat illness, equipment and facility chemical cleansers, and radioactive materials. Disposal of this waste is an environmental concern.In high-income countries, such as the United States, each person generates about 13 pounds (6 kilograms) of medical waste per year, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). People in lower-income countries, such as Cambodia, generate between 1 pound (0.5 kilograms) and 6.5 pounds (3 kilograms) of medical waste per person each year.The WHO suggests that 75-90% of medical waste from healthcare facilities may not be hazardous to humans, animals, or the environment. These waste items include used papers, soda cans, plastic containers, and other office-related disposable items. However, the remaining 10-25% of medical facility waste may be infectious or biohazardous, potentially exposing healthcare workers, patients, and community members to injury, infectious diseases, and toxins.Examples of harmful side effects related to medical waste may include acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), hepatitis A, drug abuse, and cancer. Toxins, such as mercury, may be spread through skin contact or inhalation. Also, Escherichia coli bacteria may be spread through eating contaminated foods. Furthermore, infectious diseases may be transmitted through contaminated syringes or potentially cause injury.Medical waste may pollute the air and water. Pollution refers to substances in the natural environment as a result of human activity that might harm humans, animals, or the environment.The WHO suggests that nearly 25% of preventable illnesses are environmentally related. For example, unclean water can transmit bacteria that may cause diseases, such as cholera. It has been suggested that waste from healthcare activities may contribute to environmentally related illnesses. For instance, exhaust from hospital incinerators may cause illness among people living near the incinerator. Exhaust from incinerators has been associated with cancer and developmental problems in children. By minimizing the harmful chemicals in the exhaust, illness may be prevented.One of the first tenets of the Hippocratic Oath (an ethics code for medical doctors) states that harm should not be done onto a patient. However, healthcare workers, community members, and politicians may also have an ethical concern to safely manage medical waste and protect the public's health. Although not bound by the same ethical code as doctors, they may be responsible for waste production and have the power to make changes that will ensure the safety of others.In the late 1980s, needles and other medical waste items were found washed up on beaches in the United States. In response, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) launched the Medical Waste Tracking Act (MWTA). This act regulated waste management, established disposal guidelines, and implemented an inspection system to enforce hospital compliance. According to an article in the New York Times, one in five inspected healthcare facilities failed during the its two-year induction. However, the MWTA was under-funded and had few resources to enforce compliance. During that time, hospitals may not have registered for state inspections or handle medical waste appropriately. The EPA began to focus more on minimizing medical waste production and occupational risks.The healthcare industry is expanding, and environmentalists suggest there may be an increase of medical waste as a result. According to the Bureau of Economic Analysis' (BEA), the healthcare industry currently represents about 8.1% of the gross domestic product versus six percent in 1987. Ongoing efforts to address medical waste management issues and minimize its environmental impact are shared by community members, as well as local, state, national, and international governing agencies.TECHNIQUEGeneral: Medical waste is often incinerated. However, medical waste can be deposited in landfills, discharged in sewer water, sterilized with an autoclave as it is produced and discarded with non-hazardous waste, or recycled. Hazardous materials, such as chemicals or radioactive items, may require specialized disposal methods.Types of waste: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 75-90% of waste generated by healthcare activities may not be hazardous to humans, animals, or the environment. These items include paper, plastic containers, soda cans, or other office-related disposable goods. However, infectious or biohazardous waste accounts for an estimated 10-25% of all medical waste. Of this total, infectious waste accounts for 15%, whereas cleaning agents and pharmaceuticals comprise three percent. Sharps and genotoxic wastes, including radioactive and heavy metals each account for one percent.Hazardous waste: Medical waste travels a long way from its use to its final disposal. For example, if a patient requires a suture to close a wound, bloody cotton swabs are usually produced as waste. The patient might have a disease, such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) that could be transmitted through contact with blood. Therefore, the soiled cotton swab is considered potentially hazardous, and special waste management procedures are necessary. Healthcare personnel working with the patient may deposit the cotton swab in a specially designed container for hazardous waste.Disposal: A trained worker empties the container when it is almost full and transports it to a holding station in the hospital. This holding station is inaccessible to non-hospital staff, and no waste is exposed to the air. Within 48 hours, the waste is moved to a vehicle and transported to an incinerator, where it is burned. An incinerator is a furnace that combusts some medical wastes at extremely high temperatures as a means of disposal, leaving only ash as a byproduct. Only healthcare personnel working with the patient directly handles the soiled cotton swab.Sharps: Unused pharmaceuticals and sharps, such as needles and syringes, may be either incinerated or placed in landfills. People with diabetes, who often use sharps to self-administer medication, should place used sharps in a thick plastic or metal container that has a lid. The container should leak-proof, and be thick enough so that no sharp objects can puncture it, and no heavy objects can break it. The container should be marked with a symbol or be red colored to indicate it contains hazardous material. Once full, the patient should throw the container away in accordance with local regulations.There are fewer guidelines for consumers to dispose of pharmaceuticals. Consumers may flush unused drugs down the toilet, excrete them in urine, pour them down the drain, or throw them away in the trash.Genotoxins: Disposal of genotoxic substances depends on what they are and where they are produced. Genotoxins are substances that are mutagenic (alter genetic information), teratogenic (interfere with fetus development), or carcinogenic (causes cancer). Genotoxins may be used to treat cancer.Mercury: Mercury is a genotoxic substance and metallic element used in thermometers, dental amalgam fillings, florescent lamps, and sphygmomanometers (used to measure blood pressure). Mercury is a byproduct of incineration and cremation. In 1998, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) aimed to eliminate mercury waste from hospitals by 2005. Many of the tools that contain mercury have been replaced by other technologies that do not use the metal. If equipment contains mercury, it is usually reclaimed and recycled rather than wasted.Disposal of mercury: Technology exists that chemically changes mercury to a less hazardous form, but this practice is legal in Canada and not the United States This chemical process converts elemental mercury into mercury sulfide. It is then blended with certain polymers and formed into a pellet. Many local districts have private or municipal recycling and hazardous waste centers that handle mercury waste. An example of a company that both recycles and chemically changes mercury waste is Bethlehem Apparatus Co., Inc., in Hellertown, Pennsylvania.Radioactive waste: Another example of genotoxic waste is radioactive waste. Radiation describes one particle or body emitting energy, which travels through space and is absorbed by another body. Ionizing radiation displaces the electrons in atoms and may cause damage to cells. Radioactive waste is usually separated (liquids from solids) and labeled as radioactive. Then, within the facility that generated the waste, it is stored in an area designated for radioactive waste.Disposal of radioactive waste: Which waste is stored and how long it is stored for depends on the type of waste as well as facility and state regulations. Once the radioactive substance decays, it is no longer hazardous. Radioactive decay is the process by which an unstable nucleus emits particles (such as electrons) until the parent atom becomes stable. Some radioactive waste takes many years to decay, and some healthcare facilities are not licensed to store radioactive waste. In either case, the waste is usually transported to a licensed commercial facility for disposal.Waste disposal: The Air Pollution Control Association suggests that incineration reduces medical waste by 90%. However, incineration may produce emissions that are hazardous to human health, so new alternatives are being developed and implemented. Also, depending on what is incinerated, the ash byproduct may be hazardous as well. Depending on local laws, ash is usually disposed in hazardous waste landfills. Infectious wastes, such as soiled dressings, syringes, and latex gloves, are often disposed in an incinerator or incinerator-alternative.Alternatives to incineration: One example of an alternative to incineration is thermal treatment, such as microwave technologies. During microwave-based sterilization, water is added to medical waste and exposed to microwave radiation, heating to about (210 degrees Fahrenheit (99 degrees Celsius). Another example of an incinerator alternative is an autoclave. This equipment can heat medical waste to 250 degrees Fahrenheit (121 degrees Celsius), a temperature lower than an incinerator, which burns above (1,472 degrees Fahrenheit) (800 degrees Celsius). The remaining material in the autoclave is non-infectious and is shredded and then transported to a landfill. Because the autoclave does not completely burn all materials, it might produce less pollution than an incinerator.Developing countries: Incinerators are still used in the United States, but some healthcare initiatives in developing countries rely on them exclusively. Organizations, such as Doctors Without Borders, are immunizing people in developing countries against disease. However, these countries may lack the infrastructure for handling the large amount of medical waste that occurs alongside these immunization campaigns.Mass immunizations: For example, the WHO reports that a 2001 mass measles immunization campaign in West Africa generated 300 metric tonnes of injection waste from 17 million vaccinations. Often humanitarian organizations build incinerators for the immunization campaign. This incinerator is left behind after the campaign and is used for other purposes. This places local populations at risk for the negative health consequences of incinerator use. Replacing the incinerator with an alternative disposal method may help to avoid health risks.Waste management: The goals of healthcare waste management are to minimize the production of hazardous medical wastes and prevent these wastes from harming healthcare workers, patients, the community, and environment. The WHO outlines five ways these goals may be accomplished: supervision and management, public policy, technology, cost, and awareness.Supervision and management: Waste reduction and safe disposal starts when healthcare leaders, politicians, and concerned citizens carefully supervise and manage healthcare facilities. Healthcare leaders must establish clear institutional and individual responsibilities for waste from the time it is generated until it is disposed. Medical waste should be minimized. Then, from its generation it should be handled, stored, transported, and finally disposed according to guidelines that prioritize safety.Small versus large facilities: Healthcare facilities are responsible for managing their own waste; however, many large and small facilities hire other companies to manage their waste for them. In fact, three or more companies might manage waste for one facility. For example, one company may collect and transport waste within the facility, while another transports it to a disposal site and a third disposes it. Large facilities are more likely to own their own disposal methods, such as chemical sterilizers, incinerators, and radioactive storage areas. These large facilities are likely to use contract waste management companies for help managing the large amount of waste they generate. Smaller facilities can better handle the amount of waste produced, but are less likely to have disposal equipment, such as incinerators. Therefore, they may seek contract waste management companies for help disposing of waste. Whatever job the facility needs outside waste management companies to fulfill, the facility administration is responsible for oversight. Overall, waste management is always the responsibility of the facility that generated it.Personnel involved: Supervising and managing each item of medical waste requires awareness and good training of all staff members that handle waste, including medical assistants, nurses, doctors, administrators, garbage handlers, and transportation workers. Beyond awareness and training, healthcare leaders can outline a waste management plan that clearly defines the plan's objectives, time frame, allocation of resources, and compliance strategy.Developing a plan: This plan should minimize waste and emphasize segregating contaminated or toxic waste from non-hazardous, office-related garbage. Also, hazardous waste should be contained and transported to a safe storage place within the facility. Within 48 hours, facility staff should arrange for the waste to be exported using dedicated vehicles. Each type of waste might have different final treatment and disposal techniques. For example, sharps may be transported to an incinerator, while unused pharmaceuticals may be transported to a local landfill along with the rest of non-hazardous waste. Larger hospitals have created an employee position specifically focused on establishing and implementing uniform waste management policies while monitoring compliance with these policies. Beyond generation to disposal management, regulations should also arrange for regular incinerator inspections.Public policy: An infrastructure for supporting waste management on a facility level is important for safety. National, state, and local laws should implement and monitor compliance with standard waste management practices at every healthcare facility. In the United States, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO), and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) are four organizations that implement rules and monitor compliance. State and local governments vary in executive and regulating responsibilities. Many states have environmental protection departments and other similar departments that have oversight. Currently, much of waste management oversight in the United States is the responsibility of each state. The U.S. government has created regulations and guidelines, such as those applied to mercury, a hazardous waste.International oversight: International agreements set at the Basel and Stockholm conventions have formed global guidelines for waste management and disposal.Basel convention: The Basel convention is an international treaty. This treaty limits hazardous waste movement between countries. At the end of the last century, some wealthier countries were paying less wealthy countries to take their hazardous wastes, including hazardous medical waste. This treaty aims to end this practice, making each country responsible for its own waste.Stockholm convention: The Stockholm convention is another treaty that restricts human production of persistent organic pollutants internationally. Persistent organic pollutants are substances that do not break down in the environment and can harm human health. An example of a persistent organic pollutant is a polychlorinated dibenzodioxin (PCDD), a type of dioxin that may be released by incinerators. Dioxins harm human health, potentially disrupting hormones and reproductive functions, among other side effects.JCAHO: The largest scale example of healthcare facility inspections is the Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO), also referred to as the Joint Commission. JCAHO is a non-profit organization commissioned by the federal government that inspects healthcare facilities to ensure compliance with federal, state, and local rules.JCAHO inspections: JCAHO inspectors make sure that health facilities follow rules governing many areas including patient safety, privacy of medical records, and hazardous waste management. If the inspectors find non-compliance in any area, they may impose monetary fines or not accredit the facility. This means the state will not reimburse the facility for medical bills from people using state-sponsored Medicare and Medicaid insurance. Healthcare facilities that are not compliant with local, state, and federal waste management regulations may experience financial hardships and damaged reputations.Technology: Having appropriate equipment for managing healthcare waste may not need to be complicated or expensive. Using safe containers and protective equipment can significantly reduce risks. Technologies and equipment that are optimal for each healthcare facility depends on a number of factors, including how much waste the facility produces; how accessible waste disposal sites are; local environmental laws; and the availability of human, financial, and material resources.Examples of technology: Technology is an important part of preventing harm from medical waste. For example, a membrane bioreactor system can clean wastewater and may prevent genotoxic waste from entering water supply areas. This technology may ultimately help prevent health problems. Another example is an autoclave. The EPA recommends this device as an incinerator-alternative. An autoclave uses high-pressure steam to sterilize medical waste, heating it to 248 degrees Fahrenheit (120 degrees Celsius).Cost: The risk of medical waste impacting the environment increases when financial resources are limited. For example, some healthcare clinics in developing countries cannot afford an incinerator. Therefore, they might leave infectious waste exposed in a landfill, endangering the local population. For example, the WHO reports that in Vladivostok, Russia, six children contracted smallpox from playing in a landfill near their homes.However, some programs to better manage waste in healthcare facilities can cut operating costs. For example, a recycling program in a Baltimore-based hospital cut garbage removal fees by $300,000 per year, according to the Urbanite magazine. Evaluating a facility's needs, researching options, purchasing equipment, and implementing new disposal procedures may be costly up front, but they may be a key long-term investment for the facility.Awareness: Raising awareness about safe medical waste disposal requires formulating a different message for each concerned party. Policy makers should understand the risks to the wellbeing of their constituents. Community members should learn ways to keep themselves safe. Healthcare workers should understand how to properly dispose of waste, how to organize and support proper waste disposal within the entire facility, and understand the importance. Many new hospital employees attend lectures, read material, and take quizzes about safe waste disposal methods; some employees are required to review waste management and other hospital safety measures each year.Factors affecting waste management: Many variables can change the waste stream, or how waste is managed as it moves from creation to disposal. Some healthcare facilities have more resources than others, and some nations have a better infrastructure for regulating medical waste than others. Furthermore, factors such as local climates and population densities might affect how waste can be disposed. For example, disposing the medical waste of a clinic in a high-population density area might be dangerous if landfills are too close to human habitation. Additionally, a facility in a location that receives a lot of rain might need to be more careful with landfill disposal, as chemicals are more likely to wash away into water supply areas. Medical waste disposal plans balance standard levels of safety with flexibility to respond to the facility's needs and restrictions.THEORY/EVIDENCEGeneral: In high-income countries, such as the United States, each person generates about 13 pounds (6 kilograms) of medical waste per year, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). People in lower-income countries, such as Cambodia, generate between 1 pound (0.5 kilograms) to 6.5 pounds (3 kilograms) of waste per person, each year. Medical waste places healthcare workers, waste transporters, hospital patients, the general public, and the environment at risk.If any query please comment or inbox.Sandeep Chatterjee

This is the preliminary design of the shelter hospital I have obtained.We can see that huoshenshan hospital is not a simple field hospital. It is not the kind that can be delivered by setting up a marching tent on flat land, setting operation area, nursing area, ward, accommodation area, canteen, sewage discharge, etc,Need to have fresh air system and negative pressure system to maintain a good air circulation system, with reliable air tightness (avoid cross infection)We need X-ray room, CT room, laboratory (serum), operating room, ICU room, all of which need large-scale instruments (can field hospitals have ICU?)The infrastructure such as reception room, oxygen station, morgue, incinerator, septic tank, medical channel, disinfection system, call system, suction system, oxygen pipeline system, sewage treatment system, life supply center, water and electrical network are requiredVideo conference system is needed to support consultation inside and outside the hospitalSingle and double ward is required to reduce cross infection. Each ward also needs to be equipped with life support system such as oxygen, ventilator, air conditioning, TV, toilet and bathNeed dormitory and canteen for medical staff, and have basic rest conditionsIf you want to build a hospital in 10 days and coordinate thousands of people, covering dozens of processes, going through the stages of design, disclosure, civil engineering, equipment installation, decoration, etc., this is different from the usual slow work and meticulous work, and multiple processes must be done in parallel.Day 1: drawing by four connections and one leveling Design Institute overnightFour connections and one leveling is the first step, that is, water, road, electricity, communication, and site leveling. On January 24, we saw hundreds of excavators excavating at the same time, which is the work of site leveling.In the process of ground leveling, CITIC Architectural Design Institute, which is responsible for the design work, is also starting work at the same time. In fact, CITIC design received an urgent design task on the afternoon of the 23rd. On that day, it organized a design team of 60 people and began to work out drawings overnight that night.After receiving the technical support request from Wuhan Urban Construction Bureau, the original design unit of Xiaotangshan Hospital, China Zhongyuan Design Institute, will send the original design drawings to the Urban Construction Bureau for standby within 1 hour, and provide technical support directly to CITIC Architectural Design Institute.Huoshenshan hospital is built according to the construction standard of infectious disease hospital, involving more than ten specialties, such as basic engineering, civil engineering and decoration engineering, water supply and drainage and fire fighting system, power supply and distribution system (excluding external lines), lighting and monitoring, ventilation and air conditioning system, communication weak current, medical gas engineering, purification engineering, outdoor and municipal supporting facilities, sewage treatment facilities, etc.For the design of each specialty, 4-5 people are needed in the way of bringing the old with the new. The interface between different specialties also needs to be divided. For example, the designer of communication weak current specialty needs to communicate with the designer of power supply and distribution and civil engineering, how to arrange my optical fiber and network cable, remember to pre dig the trench, reserve the PVC pipe, and the required power supply level during the civil engineering construction; the designer of medical gas engineering needs to To communicate construction methods and sealing requirements with Civil Engineering Decoration SpecialtyLet's think about it. There are 11 groups, each group has an interface, all of which need communication and docking. How much is the workload? Think about it. Moreover, the construction units are following the design drawings. If the design drawings are wrong, then rework will affect the construction period, and the whole country will watch.The construction period is 10 days in total. No mistakes are allowed. The construction unit is still waiting for the design unit's drawings to start, so it can only work while drawing. In order to start the civil engineering work as soon as possible, it is necessary to make the layout plan as soon as possible and determine the location of the basic engineering buildings such as wards, testing rooms, operating rooms and dormitories. After the layout plan is drawn up, relevant pipeline design shall be carried out, including the design of sewage pipeline, medical wastewater treatment, oxygen pipeline, water pipeline, cable pipeline, network pipeline, etc.; then process flow chart shall be drawn to guide the construction unit how to do and how to do the work.It took only 60 hours, two days and two nights, until the early morning of January 26, CITIC Architectural Design Institute completed all the designs.Day 2: sand backfill of two cloth and one membrane embedded pipeline1.25.The construction unit is jointly constructed by China Construction Third Engineering Bureau, Wuhan Construction Engineering Group, Wuhan Municipal Administration and Hanyang municipal administration. During the construction period, all construction units are working in two shifts, a day shift and a black shift. Everyone started the 997 work without complaint. Major general Zhang Yanling, President of Xiaotangshan field hospital, also came to Wuhan to guide the construction of huoshenshan hospital.The labor cost in this period is very high. One is that there are few workers during the new year, the other is that the workload of two shifts is too large, and the other is that Wuhan is the center of the epidemic area. In such a difficult situation, the engineering party has also organized a construction team of nearly 2000 people to build on demand.With the plan and process drawing, the construction company began to level the site, backfill the gravel, and cross the construction with the embedded pipeline. The construction of infectious disease hospital also needs to do anti-seepage work to prevent sewage from flowing into the ground and polluting the nearby Guanyin lake.There is an additional process: on the flat ground, 20 cm thick sand is laid, and the construction is interleaved with the pipeline embedment. Then, two layers of geotextile (600g / m2 polypropylene filament geotextile) and one layer of HDPE anti-seepage membrane (2.0mm double rough anti-seepage membrane) will be laid on it, so as to achieve anti-seepage.The white one is geotextile and the black one is impermeable membrane. The anti-seepage membrane is connected by hot-melt welding, so that the high-density polyethylene is fused together to achieve anti-seepage. This construction is very tedious. Let's see the process. Is it a big job?On the basis of anti-seepage, the waste water and rainwater can be further collected and discharged after three times of purification.Telecom, China Unicom and China Mobile all completed 5g base station of huoshenshan hospital on the first day of the new year, including optical cable laying, base station installation, commissioning and opening, all racing against the deathUnlike 5g base station, which is wireless transmission, on the first night of the first day of the first year, the State Grid Hubei Electric Power Wuhan power supply company has not yet got the overall plan of the project, so the comrades of the power supply bureau tried to complete the installation of four ring network cabinets and the relocation of another 10kV line to ensure the power supply, which are all special affairs. Because there is no plan of the project, it is likely to find a way to move the installed transformer, that is, rework.Maybe this is the "saturation rescue" in "wandering the earth", the Chinese rescue. Whether rework is not important, whether waste cost is not important, and whether power transmission as soon as possible does not affect the construction period is important.Regardless of cost, as long as the result.Day 3 basic engineering construction material purchase and allocationOn January 26, all design drawings were handed over in the early morning.As soon as Wuhan power supply company finished the work, it began to move the transformer, and began to install other transformers. It directly called out the commitment of "24-hour standby, where the construction site is, where the cable will be laid".At the same time, the construction company is also working in two shifts. People and machines are intermittently carrying out the construction of foundation works, pipeline embedding and anti-seepage membrane. Outside the site, the first ward has been built. At the same time, a large number of material procurement needs are gradually advancing, with high efficiency!The materials needed to build a hospital are much more complicated than those of masks, protective clothing, goggles, disinfectants, medicines and so on. For example, for power supply, transformer, ring cage and 8km power cable need to be purchased; for example, for communication network machine room, network switch, ups and storage server need to be purchased; for example, large air conditioning unit used for exhaust system; for example, pipes and valves of nodular cast iron; for example, color steel plate used for building board room.There are also medical equipment procurement, such as medical equipment, electronic medical equipment, diagnostic equipment, testing equipment, optical equipment, imaging equipment, scanning equipment, anesthesia breathing equipment, insertion diagnosis, etc;There are also information system construction, such as security system, Fas / BAS fire fighting system, medical imaging system, hospital management system, electronic medical record system, video conference, pharmacy automation management, etcBut it's not a problem in the face of a united heart and a United will.For example, Qilu pharmaceutical originally purchased 12 exhaust units (such large-scale equipment needs to be ordered and reproduced, few of which are ready-made). It is preparing to deliver goods from the manufacturer. Hearing the need of huoshenshan hospital, it immediately sent the equipment directly to Wuhan, which is used to isolate the exhaust system of negative pressure ward.For example, Ziguang and xinhuasan directly donated the network switch and other equipment needed by the hospital; for example, aerospace science and Technology aerospace cable company, after receiving the demand, urgently coordinated within three hours, loaded and delivered the flame-retardant cable overnight; for example, Xinxing International China, as required, delivered the ductile iron pipe and various pipe fittings to the construction site at 7:00 a.m. on the first day of the lunar new year; for example, China Minmetals, as required, within 24 hours For example, China Railway Construction Corporation directly demolished the active plank houses in use and sent them to the construction site in an emergency.Day 4: concrete pouring after foundation constructionJanuary 27th.There are four construction enterprises, i.e. China Construction Third Engineering Bureau, Wuhan Construction Engineering Group, Wuhan Municipal Engineering Group and Hanyang municipal engineering group. More than 500 professional management personnel, more than 1500 workers, more than 200 sets of mechanical equipment are on-site construction day and night, and 20 million cloud supervisors are always paying attention to the construction progress.The oney sauce (concrete mixer truck) and concrete pump truck we saw in the live broadcast are diligently mixing and pouring concrete. After the concrete pouring, it needs to wait for a period of time to harden before the box type ward can be hoisted on the concrete foundation.At the same time, the water supply and drainage discipline and civil engineering discipline are under construction, excavating pipeline trench, preparing for pipeline laying, backfilling and other processes.Day 5 concrete pouringJanuary 28th. The project is progressing smoothly, some concrete foundations have been hardened, the first module of the box type plank house has been hoisted, and the construction team has started to build a large area plank house. After the house is built, it is necessary to start to install water and electricity lines, carry out concealed engineering construction, and start to install various medical equipment.On this day, China Construction Third Engineering Bureau released the renderings of huoshenshan hospital, and we are about to witness the birth of a 1000 bed hospital from scratch.Day 6 build plank houseJanuary 29th. All went well. On the construction site, we continued to lay impermeable membrane, set up steel framework, poured concrete, and started to build container plank houses.Day 7 sand and stone backfillingJanuary 30th. The site leveling, sand backfilling and HDPE film laying have been completed, and overtime work is in progress for the mobilization, modification and site hoisting of the container plank house.At this time, the weak current engineering construction in the building area is carried out synchronously, such as the installation of wires, telephone lines, Gigabit network lines, network machine rooms, jumper racks, and related equipment; the water supply and drainage work is carried out synchronously, because the ward is a single room or a double room, the same needs to provide water supply and drainage, shower and other facilities.On this day, in order not to delay the construction period, the Third Bureau of China Construction and Wuhan municipal staff had a fight that was watched by the most people in history. The time is tight and the task is heavy. All construction units compete against each other, only for the hospital to put into use as soon as possible. In recent days, the high-intensity promotion, the workers are highly nervous, are all hot-blooded men, are using their lives to rush to work! Small misunderstandings don't affect the overall situation. It's a short time without delay. It's really a struggle.In particular, China Railway Heavy Industry Group Co., Ltd. received the construction assistance task at 2:00 a.m. on January 30. By 1:00 a.m. on January 31, in 23 hours, they completed the field assembly of 19 trusses in the medical technology building of huoshenshan hospital (a total of 23 trusses, 4 trusses completed by the previous unit), which means that all employees completed the welding work 24 hours a day.Lenovo donated 500 computers and 275 printers, and also sent them to huoshenshan hospital. Lenovo promised to donate all the IT equipment needed by huoshenshan and leishenshan hospitals, and also arranged volunteer engineers to ensure the operation of the information system.Day8: successful power transmission, bright nightJanuary 31st.The foundation works have been completed, huoshenshan has been electrified, and the foundation pit of sewage treatment plant has been completed! In the completion of civil engineering and decoration works, 70% of water supply and drainage and fire fighting system and 70% of ground buildings are completed, and visual inspection of ventilation and air conditioning, lighting monitoring and communication weak current works are basically completed.It is emphasized that the foundation pit is a large pit with a depth of 2000 square meters and 12 meters, and the deepest 4 meters is the rock layer, so it is very difficult to excavate. At the same time, because it is still in cross operation and the site is narrow, it is necessary to put 20 excavators (blue forgetting machine is in it) and 60 muck trucks for construction. How difficult do you say? The foundation pit has been dug for three days since January 29, and it was not completed until the evening of January 31.Praise the more than 200 construction personnel of State Grid Wuhan company. They work continuously for five days and five nights. At 12 o'clock in the evening, the huoshenshan hospital is fully electrified. The huoshenshan hospital lights up. Is the light far away?The State Grid has also set up a headquarters for epidemic prevention and electricity protection, which has been on guard for 24 hours, promising that "the virus will not be withdrawn and the State Grid will not be withdrawn". At the critical moment of this campaign, no matter the state-owned enterprises and private enterprises, they have responsibilities. They are all united in helping Wuhan. Apart from being moved, there is nothing to say.What is electricity protection? Every new year, due to the change of urban power consumption and rural power consumption, the State Grid and South Grid will carry out power conservation work, and add transformers and other equipment to the rural power grid to ensure that the power supply in the vast rural areas will not be interrupted. However, this power protection system is patrol inspection and repair reporting system, which will ensure that residents can restore power within a period of time, while squatting power protection means that there are always people on site to ensure that the power supply of huoshenshan hospital will not be interrupted.It can be seen that the ward area has been basically formed, concealed works and interior decoration have been started, lighting lamps have been installed, Gree air conditioning has started to enter the site to install air conditioning, and Midea water heater is also being installed.Day 9 main body forming and hoisting completedOn February 1, victory is in sight.It can be seen that the main body of the building is fully formed and the construction personnel are carrying out roof waterproof work.The largest and deepest foundation pit of huoshenshan hospital has also been excavated. The rainwater storage tank, 5 septic tanks, 2 contact disinfection tanks and PP modules of the core unit of water treatment have begun to be hoisted in large area, and the workload is not much left through visual inspection. The completion of sewage treatment on February 2 has been nailed on the board.So far, all the difficulties have been overcome!CITIC design, China Construction Third Engineering Bureau, Wuhan Construction Engineering Group, Wuhan Municipal Engineering Group, Hanyang Municipal Engineering Group, and China Railway Heavy Industry Co., Ltd!It's a great enterprise to give money and effort in the construction of huoshenshan hospital!It's great to have 3000 construction workers on two shifts in the day and night!Comfortable and clean wardThe novel coronavirus pneumonia confirmed in Wuhan was first officially diagnosed in February 4, 2020 at the Hon Shen Shan Hospital in 9.They are well treated and cared for in the hospital, and have a deep friendship with the medical staff.Novel coronavirus pneumonia was diagnosed and discharged by the first time in February 13, 2020 at 4 p.m., after 8 days of careful diagnosis and treatment by the medical staff of the God of fire. 7 patients with new crown pneumonia were discharged from hospital.Today, as a community of shared destiny, human beings should give up prejudice and fight against the virus together.Rather than questioning the efforts of staff and medical staff behind their backs. Sometimes, it's not the virus that does more harm to those who save lives, but the rumors.Thank you for reading.

President Xi is just one man. You read to much western mainstreammedia. The Chinese government makes plans for China’s future not Xi. Do you think Xi did and plan this 219 pages report? Crazy brainwashed boy. They publish five year plans. Here you can read what they have in mind for China’s future: 219 pages long. Good luck. For example in 13th five year plan you can find that they will increase R&D (research & development) funding to 2,5% of GDP in 2020. That’s massive money with China’s GDP. You can also find that the value added to services has to increase to 56% in 2020. You can also find that internet penetration has to increase to 70% of population in 2020.What do they want to achieve with agriculture in 2020. Viola. And they are serious about it. No bullshit talk but deadlines.1. Agricultural mechanization (2016 - 2020)§ Make breakthroughs in mechanizing the transplanting of rice seedlings, the sowing and harvesting of canola seeds, and the harvesting of cotton and sugarcane;§ Promote the use of high-horsepower and high-performance agricultural machinery and light, durable, and lower-power small and medium plowing, planting, and harvesting machines and crop protection machines;§ Develop 500 counties able to demonstrate mechanization of the entire agricultural process;§ See that mechanization of the plowing, planting, and harvesting of major farm crops reaches approximately 70%.What do they want to achieve in the field of aerospace in 2020. Voila.2. Aerospace equipment (2016 - 2020)§ Make breakthroughs in core aircraft engine and gas turbine technologies;§ Accelerate the development of large aircraft;§ Promote the industrialized development of trunk and feeder route aircraft, helicopters, general-purpose aircraft, and unmanned aerial vehicles;§ Develop advanced airborne equipment and systems;§ Strengthen supporting systems for civil aircraft;§ Develop next generation and heavy-lift launch vehicles, new types of satellites, and other space platforms and payloads;§ Make breakthroughs in core technologies for key aerospace components and put them into useWhat with infrastructure? Oh wait. You mean railway?3. High-speed rail (2016 - 2020)§ Speed up the improvement of high-speed rail networks:§ Complete the Harbin-Beijing-Hong Kong (Macao), Lianyungang- Ürümqi, Shanghai-Kunming, and Guangzhou-Kunming lines;§ Build the Beijing-Hong Kong (Taipei), Hohhot-Nanning, Beijing-Kunming, Baotou-Yinchuan-Haikou, Qingdao-Yinchuan, Lanzhou (Xining)- Guangzhou, Beijing-Lanzhou, and Chongqing-Xiamen lines;§ Extend regional lines connecting high-speed railways.§ The length of high-speed rail lines open to traffic will reach 30,000 kilometers, connecting more than 80% of all large cities.4. Renewable energy (2016 - 2020)§ Begin construction on 60 gigawatts of regular hydropower capacity,§ Build the national new energy integrated demonstration zone in Ningxia, and actively move forward with the development of demonstration zones for renewable energy such as those in Qinghai and Zhangjiakou.5. Nuclear energy (2016 - 2020)§ Complete the Sanmen and Haiyang AP1000 projects;§ Develop demonstration projects for Hualong-1 nuclear technology in Fuqing, Fujian and in Fangchenggang, Guangxi;§ Begin construction on the CAP1400 demonstration project in Rongcheng, Shandong;§ Begin construction on a number of coastal nuclear power plants and accelerate construction on the third phase of the Tianwan nuclear power plant;§ Installed capacity of nuclear power plants in operation will reach 58 gigawatts, with over 30 gigawatts of nuclear-generation capacity under construction;Of course you can’t find everything. There are many things they keep secret but a lot of information is open.6. Ethnic minorities (2016 - 2020)§ Achieve moderate prosperity in areas with concentrations of ethnic minorities§ Promote targeted poverty alleviation by ethnic group and by village for ethnic groups with smaller populations;§ Adopt local or near-local poverty alleviation measures for towns and townships on the border where residents guard land borders and it is inappropriate to relocate them through development programs;§ Implement projects to protect and develop the distinctive villages and towns of ethnic minorities and focus on developing distinctive and traditional ethnic minority villages and towns;§ Support the protection and development of the traditional handicrafts of ethnic minorities.7. Prevention and control of hazardous waste pollution (2016 - 2020)§ Conduct a nationwide survey of hazardous waste;§ Strengthen comprehensive control and treatment of waste containing chromium, lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic, or other heavy metals, as well as the control and treatment of fly ash produced from the incineration of household waste, antibiotic residues, and persistent toxic waste;§ Build hazardous waste disposal facilities8. Education (2016 - 2020)§ Improve the basic conditions of badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education in poor areas throughout the country;§ Strengthen training for teachers working in rural areas;§ Ensure effective implementation of the nutrition improvement project for students receiving compulsory education in rural areas;§ Step up aid and financial support for students from poor families receiving pre-school education;§ Continue to implement the initiative to provide targeted training for people living in poverty in rural areas, ensuring that all high school graduates from poor families who have failed to receive higher education have access to vocational education.9. Development of world-class universities and disciplines (2016 - 2020)§ Give high priority to supporting the development of a number of worldclass universities and disciplines, and ensuring that some disciplines reach the highest ranks worldwide;§ Continue the initiative to improve universities’ capacity for innovation.10. High-grade CNC machine tools (2016 - 2020)§ Develop fast, flexible, and high-precision CNC machine tools, basic manufacturing equipment, and integrated manufacturing systems;§ Develop high-grade digitally controlled systems, bearings, gratings, sensors, and other major components as well as key application software, with a focus on improving reliability and retention of precision.11. Robotics§ Develop industrial, service, surgical, and military robots;§ Promote independence in the design and production of high-precision retarders, high-speed high-performance controllers, high-performance servo motors and drives, and other key parts and components;§ Facilitate the commercial application of artificial intelligence technologies in all sectors12. Modern agricultural machinery and equipment§ Develop advanced agricultural machinery suitable for all cultivation conditions, with a focus on high horsepower tractors and compound operations machinery, large and efficient combine harvesters, precision seeders, and other foodcrop equipment, as well as machinery for seeding, farmland management, and harvesting of cotton, sugar cane, and other cash crops.13. High-performance medical equipment§ Focus efforts on the research and development of diagnostic and treatment equipment such as nuclear medicine imaging equipment, superconducting magnetic resonance imaging systems, and non-invasive ventilators as well as in vitro diagnostic equipment such as fully automatic biochemistry analyzers and high-throughput genomic sequencers;§ Develop and put into use medical accelerators and other treatment equipment as well as implantable and insertable medical devices, such as artificial heart valves and pacemakers, stents, and artificial joints;§ Develop and put into use medical devices that utilize the distinctive strengths of traditional Chinese medicine.14. A complete set of advanced chemical machinery§ With the support of projects demonstrating upgrades to the modern coal-to-chemical industry, work toward the independent design and production of a complete set of advanced chemical machinery, focusing on coal classification, coal gasification, syngas purification, energy utilization, wastewater treatment, and other key areas;§ Accelerate research and development on key equipment for the integration of the oil refining and chemical industries as well as for the intensive processing of downstream petrochemical products, and help enhance complimentary support capabilities.15. Advanced materials§ Develop smart materials such as shape-memory alloys and self-healing materials, functional nanomaterials such as grapheme and metamaterials, next generation semiconductor materials such as indium phosphide and silicon carbide, new types of structural materials such as high-performance carbon fibers, vanadium titanium alloy, and high-temperature alloys, and also degradable materials and new biosynthetic materials.16. The modern seed industry§ Develop a national system for the collection, storage, and research of germplasm resources;§ Strengthen research and development of key technologies for crop heterosis exploitation, molecular design breeding, cell and chromosome engineering, high- efficiency seed production, and fine and deep processing of seeds;§ Strengthen capacity for seed quality inspection;§ Establish national seed production centers in Hainan, Gansu, Sichuan, and other provinces, and 100 regional superior seed production centers.17. Rule of law in the financial sector§ Improve systems that protect the rights and interests of financial consumers;§ Put an end to implicit guaranties and inflexible yields, and deal with credit violators in accordance with the law;§ Allow the deposit insurance system to play a better role and improve the market-based disposition and exit mechanisms for failing financial institutions;§ Explore the possibility of a system for collective litigation, strengthen punishments for financial crimes, and crack down on illegal fundraising.18. Young talent development initiatives§ Train the very best young talent in key disciplines and support their research;§ Establish national young talent training centers for outstanding college students at quality research universities and research institutes for basic disciplines where the strengths of the respective university or institute lie;§ Select the best talent from new senior secondary school and college graduates every year to participate in advanced training at first-class universities outside China and keep track of their progress.19. Military (2016 - 2020)§ By 2020, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) will have finished mechanization of all forces and made important progress in incorporating information and computer technology. Priorities include the strategic restructuring of different services, the development of weaponry and logistics, IT facilities, combat training and international military cooperation.20. Classical Chinese literature (2016 - 2020)§ Protect ancient classical Chinese texts;§ Basically complete the nationwide survey of ancient classical texts;§ Encourage efforts to preserve the original form of or repair ancient classical texts;§ Publish 300 kinds of important texts through national projects;§ Establish a national database for ancient texts;§ Support efforts to reorganize and repair classical religious books, such as the Continued Taoist Canon and Tripitaka;§ Increase support for the compilation of historical works and chorography;§ Protect Chinese documents originating from the Republic of China era (1912– 1949);§ Systematically organize and publish major classical texts and documents written since the beginning of recent modern times.21. A nation of readers (2016 - 2020)§ Hold a series of activities around the theme of “Reading in China”;§ While making full use of existing facilities, coordinate the building of community reading centers, rural digital libraries, public digital reading terminals, and other such facilities;§ Provide books, newspapers, and periodicals for children;§ Provide books for city residents;§ Support the publication of literature in braille;§ Support the development of brick-and-mortar book stores.22. Development of the biotech industry§ Move faster to facilitate the wide application of genomics and other biotechnologies;§ Create demonstrations of network-based biotech applications;§ Stimulate the large-scale development of personalized medical treatment, new drugs, bio-breeding, and other next generation biotech products and services;§ Promote the creation of basic platforms such as gene and cell banks.23. Next generation information technology§ Cultivate integrated circuit industrial systems;§ Foster artificial intelligence, intelligent hardware, new display technologies, smart mobile terminals, 5G mobile communications, advanced sensors, and wearable devices into becoming new areas of growth24. Quality improvement programs for business executives (2016 - 2020)§ Train entrepreneurs who have a perspective on global needs, think strategically, and are innovative;§ Train 10,000 business executives in strategic planning, capital operations, quality control, human resources management, finance, accounting, and law25. National initiatives for the training of highly skilled personnel (2016 - 2020)§ Build 1,200 training centers for highly skilled personnel around the country to train ten million highly skilled workers.26. The Talent 1,000 Initiative (2016 - 2020)§ Attract science strategists and leading talent working in science and technology from overseas who have the capacity to engage in primary innovation, make breakthroughs in key technologies, develop high-tech industries, and drive the development of emerging disciplines;§ Bring in approximately 10,000 high-caliber talented individuals from overseas to make innovations or start businesses;§ Select from within China and offer support to approximately 10,000 urgently needed, highly talented individuals.27. Unconventional oil and gas (2016 - 2020)§ Build coal seam gas industrial bases in: the Qinshui Basin; the eastern Ordos Basin; Bishuixing, Guizhou.§ Accelerate the exploration and exploitation of shale gas in: the Changning-Weiyuan region, Sichuan; Fuling, Chongqing; Zhaotong, Yunnan; Yan’an, Shaanxi; the Zunyi-Tongren region, Guizhou.§ Give impetus to tight oil, oil sands, and deep-water oil prospecting and exploitation and to the comprehensive development and utilization of oil shale;§ Move forward with the prospecting and commercial pilot production of natural gas hydrate resources.28. Energy transmission routes (2016 - 2020)§ Build electricity transmission routes for hydropower bases and large coalfired power bases and, while building the 12 power transmission routes included in the action plan for air pollution prevention and control, focus on constructing power transmission routes from the southwestern, northwestern, northern, and northeastern regions;§ Step up work on the development of strategic land corridors for importing oil and gas and related trunk pipeline networks in the northwestern, northeastern, and southwestern regions;§ Improve the backbone pipeline networks for natural gas transmission, including the west-to-east gas transmission project, the Shaanxi-Beijing gas pipeline,29. Large-scale irrigation zones (2016 - 2020)§ Complete the building of auxiliary facilities and the upgrading of watersaving systems in all 434 large irrigation areas;§ Carry out large irrigation projects, including: the Nierji water conservancy project on the Nen River; the Songyuan irrigation project in Jilin; Xiangjiaba Dam in Sichuan; Centianhe Reservoir in Hunan; the Liaofang water control project in Jiangxi; the Hongling irrigation project in Hainan; the irrigation of large areas on both the southern and northern banks of Xiaolangdi Reservoir in Henan.§ The total area of irrigated farmland will reach more than 66.67 million hectares.30. Circular development (2016 - 2020)§ Work to see that 75% of national industrial parks and 50% of provincial level industrial parks are upgraded to promote circular operations;§ Build 50 industrial centers that comprehensively utilize industrial waste;§ Arrange for the construction of resource recycling demonstration centers in 100 cities at or above the prefectural level;§ Establish platforms for online recycling of urban waste, resource management in industrial parks, and waste trading.31. Emissions standards compliance for all sources of industrial pollution (2016 - 2020)§ Transform enterprises in the steel, cement, plate glass, papermaking, printing and dyeing, nitrogenous fertilizer, and sugar refining industries that cannot consistently meet emissions standards;§ Put a stop to all projects that cause heavy pollution in violation of state industrial policies;§ Ensure the upgrading of the sewage treatment facilities of industrial parks within a specified time frame;§ Work to basically eliminate coal-fired steam boilers with a capacity of ten tons or lower in all cities at or above the prefectural level across the country;§ Ensure that boilers with a capacity of 35 tons or greater are equipped with desulfurization, denitration, and dust purification technologies, that steel industry sintering machines are equipped with desulfurization technology, and that the cement industry adopts denitration technology;§ Put an end to production methods of PVC that use a high mercury catalyst for acetylene.32. Atmospheric environmental governance (2016 - 2020)§ Control the aggregate coal consumption of all regions, with the focus on the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and adjacent areas, the Yangtze River delta, the Pearl River delta, and northeast China;§ Promote the use of natural gas in place of coal in major cities, increasing natural gas consumption by 45 billion cubic meters and eliminating 189,000 tons of coalfired boiler capacity;§ Work to reduce volatile organic compound emissions by petrochemical and chemical enterprises and refueling stations;§ Step up the removal of old or high-emissions vehicles from the roads;§ Implement national-VI emission standards and corresponding national fuel product standards;§ Ensure vapor recovery and treatment is carried out for oil tank trucks and oil depots.33. Water environmental governance (2016 - 2020)§ Ensure the strict protection of river sources and 378 rivers, lakes, and reservoirs with a water quality rating of Grade III or better;§ Implement improvement projects for sewage outfalls into major rivers, lakes, and reservoirs;§ Ensure water quality standards are met at major sources of drinking water;§ Comprehensively treat water pollution in lakes, such as Tai, Dongting, Dianchi, Chao, Poyang, Baiyangdian, Ulansuhai, Hulun, and Ebi, as well as endogenous pollution on the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze and in the Pearl River delta;§ Promote comprehensive environmental governance efforts within the river basins of the Yangtze, Yellow, Peal, Songhua, Huai, Hai, and Liao rivers;§ Ensure that basically every body of water meets at least the Grade V water standards;§ Intensify efforts to improve black, malodorous bodies of water, and ensure that such bodies of water make up no more than 10% of the total in the urban districts of cities at or above the prefectural level;§ Carry out groundwater restoration trials in areas such as Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, and Shanxi;§ Ensure the treatment of pollution in major estuaries and bays.34. Transportation development poor areas (2016 - 2020)§ Build or upgrade one million kilometers of rural roads including roads for facilitating the development of tourism, resources, and industrial parks in poor areas;§ Carry out 100 key transportation projects to connect poor areas with the national trunk highway network35. Maternal and infant health (2016 - 2020)§ Provide free maternal and child health information handbooks;§ Give free vaccines to children within the scope of the national immunization plan;§ Provide free maternal and infant care services;§ Expand the scope of cervical and breast cancer screenings;§ Strengthen our capacity for treating emergencies and serious conditions in prenatal and postnatal women and newborns;§ Implement a program to ensure maternal and infant healthcare and family planning services;§ Include screening for 20 complications including Down syndrome, deafness, and thalassemia as well as congenital heart disease in the plan for the comprehensive prevention and control of birth defects;§ Strive to see that conditions within the scope of this plan are detected and treated so as to effectively reduce the incidence of birth defects.36. Strengthen the provision of community-level medical services (2016 - 2020)§ Focusing on poor areas in the central and western regions, ensure each county prioritizes the operation of one or two county-level public hospitals (including county-level TCM hospitals), and that the proportion of community-level medical institutions meeting standards reaches over 95%;§ Ensure that community-level medical services can be reached from anywhere within 30 minutes;§ Strengthen and standardize training for 500,000 resident doctors, and ensure the number of general practitioners rises to two for every 10,000 people.http://en.ndrc.gov.cn/policyrelease/201612/P020161207645766966662.pdf