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No.Reservation is an Affirmative Action Against Social Discrimination.Criteria for affirmative actionReservations are given when the following conditions are met.There is evidence of under-representation of the social groupsThere is evidence that the under-representation of social group is because of past or present act of discrimination against the social group.Social groups can be by caste, gender, race, religion, disability etc. So, women who suffer from patriarchy, under-privileged castes who suffer caste discrimination, races who face racism should be given opportunities that are protected by quotas.Protection against discriminationTo understand the concept better, think of reservations as protection against discrimination like helmets are protection against accidents.Helmets protect the rider. Reservations protect the discriminated.Helmets don’t make you healthy. Reservations don’t make you wealthy.Helmets give you the opportunity to live a long life. Reservations give you the opportunity to live a prosperous life.Helmets cannot be used after an accident. Reservations cannot be given after discrimination.Helmets don’t give you long life. Reservations don’t give you prosperous life.Helmets don’t stop bad drivers. Reservations don’t stop caste supremacists.Helmets protect you from bad drivers by protecting your life. Reservations protect you from caste supremacists, by protecting your opportunities.Helmets are required as long as the driving conditions are poor. Reservations are required as long as caste supremacists are powerful.Helmets are not one-time use. Reservations are not one-time use.Reservations are as useful as helmets are for bikers.When the privileged castes stop discriminating under-privileged castes and gender, we can think of stopping reservation in education.Discrimination in schoolsHere are some examples of the discrimination by the privileged castesQ&A: Talking Discrimination and School Dropout Rates in India“Dalit students forced to clean toilets”Dalit girls clean school toilets in absence of sweepers in JaipurIn rural Gujarat schools, cleaning toilets is still the job of Dalit studentsSource: Dalit students asked to wash toiletsSchoolchildren in India 'made to wear colour-coded wristbands to show caste'Instead of annihilating caste, most teachers annihilate Dalit students by their words, attitudesGovernment school students divide mid-day meals on caste basis - Times of IndiaChildren bear the brunt of caste abuses in rural MPSwallowing the humiliationCaste Discrimination in Mid day meals (MDM)All these children thus humiliated in schools by more privileged castes, drop out of it. For the privileged caste teachers, government employees and ministers, this is not a problem. They don’t care to ensure that the innocent children are forced to face the wrath of the caste system in schools.Of the 200M Dalits in India 70% give up their chance of education and reservations because of the deviousness of the privileged caste rulers, bureaucrats and teachers.Take a popular school in New Delhi for example and the distribution of SC/ST/OBCs.Source: School Report Cards use DPS school code 07090315503.Correspondingly, check out the teaching staff in the same schools.Figure: Caste distribution of of teaching staff shows 0% SC/ST/OBCs.SC/ST/OBCs who are 70% of India’s population are just 5% in these good private schools. This is in spite of mandatory 25% going to under-privileged kids.When 100% teachers are from the privileged castes and general category, the student selection is biased towards the privileged castes children even though there is RTE which reserves 25% of seats and 69% of population in SC/ST/OBCs only 5% of children are really SC/ST/OBCs.This is the proof of the discrimination in school admissions without any corrective affirmative action programs.There is another form of discrimination in schools run by government schools. This causes school dropout among SC/STs and girls is huge.Caste discrimination in higher educationTake the proportion of teaching staff in IITs. It stinks with casteism. Despite the fact that they are supposed to hire by quota, they blatantly don’t follow government guidelines in this matter.Figure: Caste distribution in teaching staff in IIT-KanpurThese casteist supremacists show their teeth when any Dalit student attempts to join their ranks. They want to make IIT Kanpur their abode.400 Academics Condemn 'Caste Discrimination, Institutional Harassment' in IIT KanpurIIT-Kanpur ‘vendetta’ against Dalit teacher flayedScientists, Scholars Decry Caste Discrimination Against IIT-K Academic Subrahmanyam SaderlaUsing this power they dismiss disproportionately Dalit students. It is obvious that the staff actively discourage SC/ST students.Figure: Casteist dismissals by IIT Kanpur staffThe net result is seen in their world rankings among top universities.Source: QS World University Rankings 2019Figures: Top University Rankings in 2019 - Asia and IndiaPeddling with pseudo-scienceThe casteist morons in these universities instead of doing academic research are peddling with pseudo-science.IIT Kanpur, other national institutes decide to take Sanskrit language to massesIIT-Kanpur website on Vedas, Shastras registers sudden surge in traffic​IIT Kanpur: IIT Kanpur starts service on Hindu sacred texts, says ready for criticism | India News - Times of IndiaIs it any wonder, that most students are not qualified enough to get into core engineering careers?Perhaps they have been prepared to join Bhajan groups than core engineering.Source: Highest PlacementAll these IITs were created by an act of parliament as Institutes of National Importance in build engineering skills necessary to build a modern nation.However, at present, nearly 65% of them do not get into core engineering jobs. They are not even confident enough to take on these jobs the switch into management, analytics, IT or higher education in the west (about 40%) to complete their real education.The colossal failure of these institutions is entirely due to the academics are not qualified for the job. They have created a culture of nepotism to push anyone else (women or under-privileged castes) out.This is similar to untouchability practiced in temples of India in the past.Figure: IITs are have become like the temples where ‘untouchables’ are not allowedThese institutions are rotting at tax payers expense because they are headed by these caste supremacists and are peddling with quackery.Some of them vehemently oppose creating more educational institutions like the IITs. They fear their brand image and exclusivity would be lost if other castes get the good quality education.If there was scarcity of seats, then investing in education will be good solution. They don’t want to think about that. They want limit the number of seats and remove reservations so that only the privileged castes could get admissions.It is a well known secret before the advent of coaching centers, that a collection of JEE questions were secretly distributed to the wards of IIT professors and their relatives exclusively. With the exclusive access to these questions, they were well prepared to solve problems. This advantage however, was lost with the advent of coaching centers. The result Kalpit Veerwal and Tina Dabi showed that given opportunities that anyone can ace these exams.Caste Discrimination in higher educationCaste discrimination in colleges and universities. Below is a sample of stories from the media.Caste discrimination in India's elite institutions: Students | Latest News & Updates at Daily News & AnalysisDegrees of bias - The Times of IndiaCaste on campusSuicide by Dalit students in premier institutions: NHRC notice to the Union governmentSuicide by Dalit students in 4 yearsApart from these there is discrimination in workplace, housing, promotions, private sector hiring, violent crimes, honor killings, public humiliations, lynchings etc.It takes thousands of pages to list the crimes committed by the privileged castes on under-privileged castes.Not a poverty alleviation programReservation is not a poverty alleviation program - like many anti-reservation activists like to argue. If it was a poverty alleviation programs then the criteria for eligibility would economic status like the programs below.PDSMNREGAMid-Day Meal ProgramFree schools, hospitals, medical careScholarshipsReservation is not a poverty alleviation program, it is protection against discrimination program. It is given where ever there is discrimination. Scholarships can alleviate economic disparity but not discrimination faced by Dalit students, women etc.Governments of EuropeEuropean countries already are giving 30% reservations for women in Senior Leadership positions.Norway (2006) : The spread of gender quotas for company boardsSpain (2007):BelgiumFrance (2011):Italy (2011):Netherlands (2011):Germany (2016): Germany backs law demanding at least 30% women in top boardroomsEuropean women are neither poor or illiterate. They are discriminated by the oligarchy of men in positions of power.Quotas are not for poverty alleviation. It is protection against discrimination.Myths about reservationsSome of the anti-reservation activists are peddling with fake news. Among them areReservations were only for 10 years. This applies only for reserved seats in parliament, not in education and jobs.Fake assertions that reservations are a poverty alleviation programs, SC/ST/OBCs are misusing reservations, doctors are unqualified (even thought they pass the necessary exams to pass and qualify for the degree)Fake celebrity endorsements - news about Premji, scientists opposing reservationsFake stories like ant-n-grasshopper, reservation in cricket, no reservation in army, ISRO, SC has banned reservations in promotion etc are propagated to discourage SC/ST/OBC from using the protection against discrimination.Shaming under-privileged for using reservations, bullying (in real-life and online) and abuse of power by college administration has caused student suicides in colleges. These jerks need to be sent to behind bars for aiding and abetting suicides of students under the SC/ST - Prevention of Atrocities Act.Discrimination Rot: 8 Dalit Suicides in HCU, Dozens Across Indiahttps://www.thenewsminute.com/article/i-ll-pay-double-fee-will-they-return-her-dalit-teen-s-suicide-shatters-hyd-family-75878This menace of fake news and its peddlers needs to be stopped.Unless, these institutions are ridden of caste supremacists, pseudo-science peddlers, they will use logical fallaciesselective highlightingmisleading vividnessfalse equivalenceor simply plain nonsense to justify themselves. Occupying positions of power in education allows them to crush the aspirations of students to cover up their incompetence in imparting education.

Reservations are given on the basis of caste because discrimination is based on caste.Reservations are given when the following conditions are satisfied.There is evidence of under-representation of a social group by race, caste, gender etc.There is evidence that such under-representation is a result of past or present acts of discrimination.This is the reason why Jains don’t get reservations, Yadav’s do.The government is smart enough to know the difference between lack of opportunity because of poverty and discrimination.This program is for protecting people from discrimination by caste and gender because discrimination is based on caste (and gender).A small sample of the caste based discrimination under-privileged caste, Dalit’s in particular face in life is in schools and colleges.Q&A: Talking Discrimination and School Dropout Rates in India“Dalit students forced to clean toilets”Dalit girls clean school toilets in absence of sweepers in JaipurIn rural Gujarat schools, cleaning toilets is still the job of Dalit studentsSource: Dalit students asked to wash toiletsSchoolchildren in India 'made to wear colour-coded wristbands to showcaste'Instead of annihilating caste, most teachers annihilate Dalit students by their words, attitudesGovernment school students divide mid-day meals on caste basis - Times of IndiaChildren bear the brunt of caste abuses in rural MPSwallowing the humiliationCaste Discrimination in Mid day meals (MDM)All these children thus humiliated in schools by more privileged castes, drop out of it. Caste discrimination in colleges and universities. Below is a sample of stories from the media.Caste discrimination in India's elite institutions: Students | Latest News & Updates at Daily News & AnalysisDegrees of bias - The Times of IndiaCaste on campusSuicide by Dalit students in premier institutions: NHRC notice to the Union governmentSuicide by Dalit students in 4 yearsApart from these there is discrimination in workplace, housing, promotions, private sector hiring, violent crimes, honor killings, public humiliations, lychings etc.Reservation is by caste, because discrimination is by caste.For the sake of record, reservations are not a poverty alleviation program like the program below.Poverty Alleviation Programs for economic backwardnessThere are several poverty alleviation programs that poor are eligible for. Here is a list of things that are already done for the poorIf the poor can’t feed their families. They can get subsidized food and fuel from PDS.Public distribution system (PDS) is an Indian food security system. Established by the Government of India under Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food, and Public Distribution and are managed jointly by state governments in India, it distributes subsidized food and non-food items to India's poor.Source: Public distribution systemIf the poor can’t find work. They can get jobs for 90 days guaranteed. There is a government program called MNREGA.National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 (or, NREGA No 42, later renamed as the "Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act", MGNREGA), is an Indian labour law and social security measure that aims to guarantee the 'right to work'. It aims to enhance livelihood security in rural areas by providing at least 100 days of wage employment in a financial year to every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual workSource: National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005 - WikipediaIf the poor can’t feed their children, government has offered to provide free school lunchesThe Midday Meal Scheme is a school meal programme of the Government of India designed to improve the nutritional status of school-age children nationwide. The programme supplies free lunches on working days for children in primary and upper primary classes in government, government aided, local body, Education Guarantee Scheme, and alternate innovative education centres, Madarsa and Maqtabs supported under Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, and National Child Labour Project schools run by the ministry of labour. Serving 120,000,000 children in over 1,265,000 schools and Education Guarantee Scheme centres, it is the largest such programme in the world.Source: Midday Meal Scheme - WikipediaIf the poor can’t send their children to private schools, there is the government right to education act.'The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act' or 'Right to Education Act also known as RTE', is an Act of the Parliament of Indiaenacted on 4 August 2009, which describes the modalities of the importance of free and compulsory education for children between 6 and 14 in India under Article 21A of the Indian Constitution. India became one of 135 countries to make education a fundamental right of every child when the act came into force on 1 April 2010. The title of the RTE Act incorporates the words ‘free and compulsory’. ‘Free education’ means that no child, other than a child who has been admitted by his or her parents to a school which is not supported by the appropriate Government, shall be liable to pay any kind of fee or charges or expenses which may prevent him or her from pursuing and completing elementary education. ‘Compulsory education’ casts an obligation on the appropriate Government and local authorities to provide and ensure admission, attendance and completion of elementary education by all children in the 6-14 age group. With this, India has moved forward to a rights based framework that casts a legal obligation on the Central and State Governments to implement this fundamental child right as enshrined in the Article 21A of the Constitution, in accordance with the provisions of the RTE Act.17Source: Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act - WikipediaIf the poor cannot afford vaccination, there is the government’s universal immunization program.Universal Immunization Programme is a vaccination program launched by the Government of India in 1985. It became a part of Child Survival and Safe Motherhood Programme in 1992 and is currently one of the key areas under National Rural Health Mission(NRHM) since 2005. The program now consists of vaccination for 12 diseases- tuberculosis, diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), tetanus, poliomyelitis, measles, Hepatitis B, Diarrhoea, Japanese Encephalitis, rubella, Pneumonia( Heamophilus Influenza Type B)and Pneumococcal diseases (Pneumococcal Pneumonia and Meningitis). Hepatitis B and Pneumococcal diseases was added to the UIP in 2007 and 2017 respectively. The other additions in UIP through the way are inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), rotavirus vaccine (RVV) ,Measles-Rubella vaccine (MR). Four new vaccines have been introduced into the country’s Universal Immunisation Programme (UIP), including injectable polio vaccine, an adult vaccine against Japanese Encephalitis and Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine.Source: Universal Immunization Programme - WikipediaApart from this government provides free public schooling, free hospitals, scholarships for the poor.

In one word: HardThe sample set here is my domestic help(s) and people I have interacted with during volunteer work as a part of my involvement with some NGOs.(i) Hunger, malnutrition: Most of these people have to tolerate hunger as something that is a part and parcel of life. They deal with it daily, stoically. Malnutrition is another major issue - food inflation has ensured that protein sources (for vegetarians) like cereals, milk etc are out of reach for most. India's PDS tried to address this by providing food grains (wheat, rice) to the poor yet there are inefficiencies in that system as well.(ii) Bad living conditions: If you have ever visited India, and seen a 'slum' you would know what I am talking about. Unhygienic dwellings/surroundings, lack of regular electricity/water supply, cramped spaces (I have encountered a family of 6 living in a 100 sq. ft. one room dwelling). Affordable housing solutions for this clientele is not something that many companies in India are working for, as far as I am aware.(iii) Lack of opportunities: Most of the kids I met were too busy lending a helping hand to their parents to make ends meet. The opportunity cost of going to school is too high. Even those that did go to school had low to average performance because of their backgrounds, though they were all bright, sharp kids. Public schools in India have failed their kids (On a typical day: 3-4 out of 6 teachers are not present in the school during school hours). Kids in standard 5-6 in these schools have trouble reading/writing the most basic English. So when they graduate, they are mostly unemployable for any skilled professions. A whole bunch of solutions, involving NGOs working to improve educational outcomes, affordable private schools, Teach for India like models, have emerged though the public education system needs a major overhaul. RTE is also another step in that direction. Vocational training and employability training (English classes, Computer skills) is another sector where a lot of private players have emerged.(iv) Lack of financial inclusion: Not having a valid identity proof/proof of address (though Aadhar is doing a superb job of remedying this) implies that they cannot open bank accounts. RBI, the central bank of India, has tried to address this issue by allowing the opening of "no-frills" accounts with relaxed KYC norms. Even if they had an account, the opportunity cost of forgoing 4-6 hrs of wages to deposit a small amount of money in their bank accounts is too high. Hence, financial inclusion remains a challenge. There are softer issues here too: People have complained that bank officials do not treat them properly because of the fact they have come to deal in low transaction amounts or look less well-off than the average clientele of the bank. Also, not having a bank account cuts you off from other financial products too - insurance, loans and credit, money transfers and so on. A wide range of solutions have emerged here: the Banking Correspondent model, Micro ATMs, mobile payment systems etc along with micro savings, micro insurance and micro finance products.(v) No access to quality health care: India spends a very low % of its GDP on healthcare versus other countries which basically means that public healthcare system in India needs major overhaul too. Anecdotal evidence suggests that most families go into a debt trap or move one rung lower in the poverty chain because of serious illness to a family member. Lack of insurance, credit and quality public healthcare means that the family is forced to borrow from unorganized moneylenders at usurious rates to pay for treatment in private hospitals.These are some of the obvious ones, will come back with edits :)Note: All of the above is a generic description, and hence, will not apply to all - as anywhere else, there will be exceptions.