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Here’s a fun quiz for you, can you look at the pictures of these 32 men and tell which ones are innocent students and which criminals (for extra brownie points, 4 types of criminals: arson, drug dealing, rapist and assault) given there are 16 in each group?I didn’t do too well, I got about 55% correct (7 hits, 9 misses, 6 false alarms and 10 correct rejections). Please see the correct answer at the end of this answer.These photos come from a 2011 psychology paper The Accuracy of Inferences about Criminality based on Facial Appearance which concludes[1]given a set of headshots of criminals and non-criminals, participants were able to reliably distinguish between these two groups, after controlling for the gender, race, age, attractiveness, and emotional displays, as well as any potential clues of picture origin.In a “gaydar” study, participants guess the sexual orientation of others from faces as quickly as within 50 milliseconds.[2]They are two among a new wave of papers in recent years that signal the return of physiognomy, the pseudoscience of using people’s appearance to infer their character.We are all guilty of this to an extent. We tend to judge taller, more attractive people as more competent and trust-worthy. Even 3 and 4 year olds distinguish “nice” from “mean” faces.[3]Psychologists have even developed mathematical models that visualize the prejudices in our perception of faces. These models allow one to manipulate the perceived qualities of trust-worthiness and competence of faces by changing their appearance/dimension.[4] Apparently, this face is competent:and this one incompetent:However, these studies do not assert that the impressions of the person’s character are actually accurate.The propensity to judge a person’s character by his appearance dates back at least to the ancient Greeks. The Chinese also have their tradition of face reading. The practice became more systematic when Cesare Lombroso, an Italian scientist and surgeon, examined the face of a labourer who died in prison in 1864. Lombroso believed that the shape of this man’s skull and his facial features were indicators of criminality. He postulated that criminals had physical features reminiscent of apes and early humans, such as a sloping forehead, ears of unusual size, asymmetry of the face, excessive length of arms and asymmetry of the cranium.Meanwhile, nineteenth century American physiognomists used cranial measurements and associated ‘qualities’ to justify white supremacy and slavery. (See this article for a more detailed history Physiognomy’s New Clothes.)The discipline fell out of favour after the horrors of eugenics and the Holocaust. Research on appearance-based inferences was consigned to unconscious negative stereotypes.Yet in recent years, it has come back.If that’s not bad enough, now AI and machine learning has given this pseudoscience new credence.In 2017, two researchers at Stanford university sparked widespread criticism after publishing a paper that suggests an AI algorithm could predict a person’s sexuality from their face in online dating photos.[5]Outside of academia, HireVue is an online video interviewing software and pre-employment assessments platform that uses AI to predict whether a job applicant will be a good employee based on their microexpressions during the interview.FDNA, a for-profit genetics company, uses AI to identify genetic disorders in photos of children's faces. The program, called DeepGestalt, was trained on a dataset of 17,000 images to identify more than 200 syndromes. While it still requires a doctor to interpret the results, such algorithm could provide a "safer, more convenient" way of diagnosing many ailments. But, its usage comes with serious ethical questions. Private information which once required specialist knowledge to diagnose is now available from easily accessible data as a facial image. Can insurance companies start pulling photos of you off your Facebook profile and do analysis of risk they weren't able to previously do and deny you coverage or charge you extra? If these models are wrong, how do insurance companies even know that they’re wrong and make appropriate adjustments?If the thought of your boss or your professor watching you through a camera that uses machine learning to constantly assess your mental state is not bad enough, how about the prospect of police using “affect recognition” to deduce your future criminality based on “micro-expressions”?[6]In another controversial paper Automated Inference on Criminality Using Face Images,[7] Chinese researchers proclaimed that their algorithms can predict the likelihood that a person is a convicted criminal with nearly 90% accuracy using government-issued IDs. Given widespread surveillance in China, what will be the implication of this?This technology is apparently already being used in practice. Faception is an Israeli facial personality analytics company that claims to use computer vision and machine learning technology for profiling people and revealing their personality based on their facial image. They claim to be able to detect “High IQ”, “White Collar Offender”, “Pedophile” and “Terrorist” from a face image. Their clients are in homeland security, public safety and even HR. “Our personality is determined by our DNA and reflected in our face,” its CEO, Shai Gilboa, told the Washington Post. “It’s a kind of signal.” [8] [9]It is important to remember that the scientific basis of these papers and technologies is highly questionable. Just like the concept of ‘race’, there’s a lot of within-individual image variance compared to between-individuals variance. One person can give very different impressions in different photos depending on their facial expression, clothing and lighting. [10]These studies are also plagued with data leakage and biased data. The claim that we can guess a person’s sexual orientation better than chance is undermined by the fact that the guesses are barely better and more information than just the face (eyeshadow, makeup, beard, hair style etc) is available to the perceiver. You can probably see a faint beard in the composite heterosexual face and glasses in the composite gay face. These differences are more likely to be cultural than genetic.Some of these studies use images posted on online dating websites, which tend to convey certain messages about us, so the data might not be neutral. An analysis by three researchers at Google shows that even just a handful of survey questions (Do you like wearing glasses? Do you wear make-up? etc) were sufficient to predict a person's sexuality as accurately as judging their faces.[11] When images are taken under standardized conditions, the guesses are as good as random.But let’s pretend there’s something into this, if these algorithms really are better than chance, are we entering Minority Report territory here? Just because this person’s features bear some similarity to the features of a lot of people who have been processed by the criminal justice system, is that a good enough reason to discriminate against them? The vast majority of people are not criminals. Even if a model is accurate 95% of the time, that still means a lot of false positives, a lot of innocent people will be targeted for no good reason.But is it justifiable if it’s still better than random? Are the biases in algorithms any worse than those in human heads? Are the algorithms creepy because they are not accurate enough or they’re simply morally wrong? Would you feel better if they were actually accurate?In her book “Weapons of Math Destruction: How Big Data Increases Inequality and Threatens Democracy,”[12] the data scientist-turned-activist Cathy O'Neill summarizes the key characteristics of big data algorithms that can be weapons of mass destruction: opacity, scale and damage. While the opacity and damage caused by biased algorithms is bad, I think it's scale that really sets them apart from the isolated decisions of humans. It’s also the lack of feedback and the air of objectivity around algorithms that makes us complacent about their danger.Given biased data, algorithms can kick off vicious feedback loops and reinforce and perpetuate our existing biases. For example, an algorithm might give a person from a poor neighborhood a low credit score, which means less available credit and higher interest rates, which then makes it harder for him to pay back the loan, which further worsens his score. This struggling person is stuck in this vicious cycle without having any transparency over why his score was bad to start with and how to improve it. Please read Weapons of Math Destruction for many such examples in insurance, predictive policing and college admission.Regulations of whether such algorithms should be developed at all or where they can be used are still lacking. The frightening specter of misusing AI to predict people’s political and sexual orientation, intelligence and criminal inclinations is real and already here. I can only hope that we don’t give up our ethical decisions to machines and let artificial intelligence make incredibly unintelligent decisions for us.Answer key:Non-Criminal: 1, 2, 6, 7, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 22, 25, 26, 30;Criminal: Arson – 5, 10, 16, 20; Assault – 4, 24, 27, 28; Drug Dealing – 8, 11, 21, 29; Rape – 3, 23, 31, 32Footnotes[1] https://psycnet.apa.org/fulltext/2011-14970-005.pdf[2] Brief exposures: Male sexual orientation is accurately perceived at 50 ms[3] http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~banaji/research/publications/articles/2014_Cogsdill_PS.pdf[4] Social Perception[5] https://psyarxiv.com/hv28a/[6] Artificial Intelligence Experts Issue Urgent Warning Against Facial Scanning With a “Dangerous History”[7] https://arxiv.org/pdf/1611.04135v2.pdf[8] The Science of Facial Profiling[9] FACEPTION | Facial Personality Analytics[10] Variability in photos of the same face[11] Do algorithms reveal sexual orientation or just expose our stereotypes?[12] Weapons of Math Destruction: How Big Data Increases Inequality and Threatens Democracy: Cathy O'Neil: 9780553418811: Amazon.com: Books

Quick answer:It will be difficult, especially if you’re not either:a) educated to minimum Bachelors level in a STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics) profession, or;b) a technical / vocational expert with years of work experience in a specific occupation for which Germany has a worker shortage. Even then, it’s not guaranteed that the Germans will recognise your qualifications.I have developed a short 10 minute quiz which you can download here which will help you to understand how good your chances are.Longer answer:It depends on what type of work you are looking for. It’s relatively easy to find unskilled work, especially bar/restaurant waiting staff, logistics/warehouse operatives. But then again, how are you going to get a visa for this type of work? Plenty of EU citizens and asylum seekers who are already in Germany could do these jobs.This is not Amsterdam, Dubai or Singapore...My best advice to give here would be to approach this pragmatically and evaluate your present situation based on these factors and tips.Yes, Germany has the lowest unemployment since reunification. But for every English-speaking job, there will be a high demand unless it is an extremely rare and sought after skill. Also bear in mind that many young Germans have lived abroad as part of their studies or early professional career, so the country does not exactly have a dearth of natives who speak English.Looking for opportunities which are "off the beaten track" are also more likely to net you success than applying speculatively to well-known companies which openly have a hiring in English policy.It Depends On The Role And The IndustrySome industries and job types are by nature less dependent upon language skills.You're less likely to need fluent German if you work as a programmer or software engineer than if you work in a client or customer-facing role such as Sales & Marketing, dealing primarily with German-speaking clients.It goes without saying that any position which requires more communication skills and interaction with clients, customers and external suppliers is going to be trickier to succeed at if you don't speak the native language of the country you are in.It Depends On The Size Of The CompanyLarger multinationals are more likely to adopt English as the international language of business. This not only applies to foreign corporations but also some larger German firms too.Medium sized, family owned businesses are much less likely to offer jobs in English, although ironically, these are the very companies that are most struggling with a skills gap for essential vacancies.It Depends On The Seniority Of The PositionThis is arguably the most critical factor.The rule of thumb is: The more senior the role, the less important it is to be fluent in German, especially in multinational, foreign-owned companies.Why is this?More senior level positions tend to play in a more international environment. If the company is multinational, these positions will interact with their peers in many different countries rather than in a single production facility or local headquarters.Also, roles which are team leader or department head positions and come with direct reports also reduce the need to be able to "swim" on your own in a foreign environment, if you have native speakers as team members who can assist in any situations where your lack of language skills may fall short.It Depends On Your ExperiencePerhaps I am stating the obvious here but it is going to be easier for an experienced candidate to bag an English speaking job than a fresh university grad.This is a "buyer's market". There are way more candidates than there are English speaking roles. English speaking jobs are in high demand because there are plenty of well-educated international jobseekers in Germany who don't (yet) speak fluent German.You do see a reasonable amount of entry-level positions advertised, especially in industries which require English-speakers to deal with the international market or which may operate in an English speaking environment. The key here though is that employers will usually want to see some relevant qualifications and work experience, and therefore the market is tough for recent graduates with little practical experience on their CVs.Get A Head Start On The Competition!Do whatever you can to look where your competition isn't looking.I'm not saying don't apply AT ALL for any roles you see on LinkedIn and co., but certainly don't follow this as your sole strategy. Because I can guarantee everyone else is looking there because they are the most obvious places.Your Network is your Net WorthEveryone has a valuable network of contacts, even if they don't realise it. Look further than your "obvious" contacts. Who else do you know who could help you? Maybe they know someone, who knows someone, who can hook you up.This is what is known as a dormant network: A "sleeping" network, which you may not even know exists but has the potential to be extremely powerful in your search.Some examples....definitely a non-exhaustive list.Your former university professor or tutorFellow alumni who may have contacts in GermanyFriends / relatives of your partnerAny German friends or followers you may have on social mediaYour German language tandem partnerSpeak To International Headhunting FirmsAdmittedly, this one is more aimed towards specialist and management positions rather than entry level jobs. Nonetheless, reaching out to a well-known headhunting firm which also has operations in Germany will give you access to a very valuable network of contacts.If your skill set and experience is attractive to them, THEY will do the hard work for you because there is a juicy commission in it for them! A classic win- win situation!The executive search / headhunting industry tends to be fairly industry-specific, except for a few generalists like Michael Page which seem to cover most areas. The LinkedIn search function is your friend here to identify headhunters in your profession or industry. Spend 30 minutes or so typing in different keywords into the search, for example "pharmaceutical jobs Frankfurt". You will soon get an idea of who is in the game and which positions are advertised in English.My advice:Get your German language skills up to at least B1 level before thinking about making the move. Formulate your specific strategy, have a professional look through your CV, get someone to coach you with job applications and don’t look where everyone else is looking.

I was born and brought up in a small town of Uttar Pradesh, with limited exposure to the world and its underlying opportunities. Over those days most of the parents, especially those from service clans, had a benchmark of success for their kids, for the kids were tagged successful only if they qualified for IAS/ IPS, pursued Medical, Engineering or any such reputed government services. As a kid, I never liked studies and never followed dreams of pursuing a standard set of studies. But deep down my heart, I was too passionate to achieve something in life.The success stories of some of the most prestigious business tycoons like Dhirubhai Ambani, Steve Jobs, Larry Elison, Bill Gates etc always fascinated me. I somehow knew yes studies are important but having an adrenaline rush for success can not only be defined by a few set professions. There is a success story waiting for every single person who is brave enough to believe and follow their dreams.As a child, I was always a below-average student, who somehow cradled away every year to the next class, sometimes by the mercy of teachers and at times through my last night studies just before exams. I was bright in most of the other fields but I always kept studies as the last priority. Studies gave me fever!I somehow managed to clear my boards and joined college. While I was coursing my graduation, I saw an internship offer from Reliance Communications that offered target-based incentives. I shared my willingness to join this internship with my parents, to which they were not ready. I was being insisted to be more meticulous towards my studies instead (a vicious cycle :)). I somehow managed to convince my parents for my enrollment into this internship. The internship was for a sales role one, wherein I had got targets for selling their newly launched phone costing INR 1200. In those times undergraduate students like us were mostly hired for doing door to door sales. This internship gave me a lot of insights with regards to sales, marketing and process functions. I joined also some offline courses other than my graduation curriculum.But somehow my studies started getting affected as by now it took a back seat, I wished at those times also if current saviors like online courses coupled with internships existed, I wouldn't have to sacrifice on studies for pursuing an internship.In current times the introduction of online courses has changed the scenarios to a great extent. I wish back then I had an opportunity to learn things online without moving out. Working at the ground sucks a lot of time, perhaps the learning is commendable.My internship finally paid up big as even though being a below-average student I landed up grabbing a great package after completing my graduation. My parents were again against me for accepting this job offer as they wanted me to go for a full-time MBA programme. This time my parents wish superseded my job offer as I had to reject the job and join MBA institute for further studies.I got enrolled in an MBA programme, while my 1st semester got over, I again started pondering upon utilizing my free time in some part-time internship. In 2nd semester during one of the marketing classes, I learned about digital marketing. This struck me, I really liked this topic and wanted to learn more and more about this topic, unfortunately, I got only limited information that too without any practical application and execution as at that time it was in a primitive stage in India. I somehow sensed that the coming years will be an era for E-Commerce and digital marketing. I joined some digital marketing classes outside the campus on website building. During my MBA I completed multiple internships in a few of the companies like Lakme, Pepsi co etc for a span of 2 - 3 months each (as I kept on searching for such opportunities avidly). Through college, I got an internship offer with Johnson tiles wherein I worked as a surveyor. In all this while, my quest for Digital Marketing didn’t die and I kept on searching about it from all available sources. This online world looks so fascinating to me that I even built a website out of the limited knowledge I gained, wherein I tried applying online selling techniques. Due to the lack of mentoring and limited understanding my website couldn’t fly much.After giving my last semester results came out and I got 6 CGPA, with such a poor rating I was not even allowed to sit for placement interviews (students with 7 plus CGPA were allowed to sit for interviews). Unlike my school and college days, in MBA I had put a lot of efforts in gaining knowledge, though I may not have scored decent CGPA through my constant internships I have learnt much more than I could have learnt from the theoretical knowledge. I always firmly believed that practical knowledge makes one successful but unfortunately in most of the educational institutions, bookish language is set as benchmark for once intelligence. With changing times there is a paradigm shift coming across our educational system, wherein the practical knowledge is getting its lost glory but yes narrating this incidence of the year 2004 when I was shattered! I was disappointed because I knew I had actually gained immense depths in the corporate functions still I was not even allowed to sit for placement interviews. Ironic!To add to woes, our college Dean specifically pointed me saying ‘I bet you will never ever be able to secure a job.I consider myself lucky enough that the very first company that came for placement haven’t kept any minimum CGPA criteria for selecting candidates. I somehow managed to sit for the interview. While all mocked me to see trying my luck with India’s one of the best company, others thanked God to have me as an easy competition. A total of 50 students enqueued themselves for the interview for 5 openings.After 5 strenuous round of interviews, only 10 candidates were shortlisted all aiming for the 5 openings the company had, I was one of those 10 candidates.After the final round of the interview, everyone looked in a conundrum, fidgeting, sweating, scratching head, while I was sitting with total composure. Just then the company’s HR manager stepped in, with the list of selected candidates.After the thank you note, she said so here is the list of selected candidates.1st candidate – Vivek Raman, something thumped, I was frozen, I just knelled down, with tears rolling down my cheeks. Shocked, happy, perplexed, pride, honor, gratitude, disbelief, contentment, I had never ever felt so much of emotion paralleled. So much was flashing behind my mind, my parents, my school, college, my internships, my failures, that mockery, everything.I couldn’t hear anything after the HR manager’s word – 1st candidate with the maximum package is Mr Vivek Raman.It was a moment that surprised everyone including Dean Sir with an utter stage of shock.Dean sir in almost a fumbling tone came rushing towards me and said “Vivek what went wrong, ah sorry what went right, how you were able to crack this interview. I politely said Sir, I thought you came to congratulate me.Soon the selected candidates' list got pinned in college bulletin, I got the highest package placement in my college and almost double of what the topper got.While I was talking to Dean Sir, the HR manager came to me and asked Vivek what made you cry, didn’t you like the offer. Before I could say anything, Dean Sir interrupted and asked the HR Manager, Madam, what made the company select Vivek and why not the rest, I mean how you find him the most suitable candidate, maybe I can share your inputs with all my other students who have to appear for other interviews in coming days. Though Dean Sir asked this question with best possible garb of professionalism, I knew that he was just curious to know that how a boy with 6 CGPA and somewhat not so polished English managed to grab the bests of offers.To this the HR manager said the following:Why was he different from other candidates?Looking straight to me HR Manager said,You have done multiple internships in different companies and offline courses (other than MBA)so you have more industry experience. While we heard bookish knowledge with zero or very less implementation expertise, you discussed/answered more on your real learning. While other students are doing an MBA with one mandatory internship and extra courses. you have done part-time work in multiple companies, even tried your hands with your own start-ups (by building a website)In the interview, you may not have used the best English vocabulary, but you yourself admitted that you are working on sprucing up your English language. You were beaming with confidence and spark in your eyes while answering all the questions patiently. English is a language that you can work and enhance but the skillet that you have acquired already needs learning of 3 – 4 years for an average candidate.We determine the best communication through candidates who have ease in communication and a positive and confident attitude which you already possess.I have college friends now they ask me a secret about how you used to manage money in doing courses and expenses incurred (travelling)in doing an internship. Secret opened now and they laugh1) whenever they call me for a party, I had a fever or some other excuse.2) I used to go by cycle if the bus is an option.3) I used to buy cloth once in 6 months. I didn't have blazer at the time of the interview . I replaced my blazer by Skills.4)Everyone has a good friend who supports you always financially in college time.Find a way no excuse. There are only two options to make progress or make excuses.I got promoted in 6 months but one thing I never stopped was learning and doing internships. I did a couple of online courses and an internship part-time as an assignment. After two years I landed another job with a hefty salary and a big assignment. Trust me this again worked out. My biggest advantage was doing online courses and internships with my first job.People think courses and internships are only one-time activity during college. I have seen a lot of my friends once they come into work, they stop learning.I feel like a student throughout my journey and habit of doing courses and internships. Last one year I have completed a couple of courses and internships from Harvard and Wharton on topics like leadership, analytics and gamification.The essence of success story’s stepping stone can be rightly described through the famous adage ‘Don't wait for opportunity, create it!” somehow these lines always echoed deep inside my heart and mind.Finally, I quit my job and started my travel agency. After 1.5 years I had to close my travel start-up since I could not find scalability in my business without digital. I started my second entrepreneurial journey with few common friends who were graduates from IIM and IIT. Our company had started to spread wings gradually, with 500 Cr company valuation and more than 50 branch offices across India, Regrob is now a leading name in the market. This scalability was not possible if we haven’t chosen to take the road less traveled i.e., the digital route.In my journey, I had taken more than 2000 interviews through campus, walk-ins etc for digital marketing profiles, but to my surprise, I found that around 98 per cent of candidates don't possess the required knowledge or required skill-set for successful implementation of digitization techniques and no practical experience(internship).In my company maximum job is of digital profile. Each and every function includes digitization. Digitization model helped us many folds in carrying out a much more cost-effective and automated business. We are just because of the digital process in every department. We spent day and night learning new digital processes, concepts on our own, but took 10 years from us.So what should you do if you’re out hunting for your job and planning to switch? Patience is going to be key. There are going to be a lot of applicants out there for each open job and securing a job won’t be easy.But there are several things you can do throughout the process that will demonstrate your character and make you a more appealing candidate.Learn new skillsMany of the important things you’ll do at a job are not things you learned in college classes. Some of them involve additional skills that are not strictly necessary to get a job in your field but would certainly make you a more attractive candidate.Take an online class, read books, and engage in online forums with professionals in the field and do internship projects online. learning your skills has two benefits. The obvious one is that it increases the range of jobs for which you are likely to meet the qualifications. The less obvious one is that it helps to demonstrate your work ethic. Lots of people like to say in a job interview, “I’m a self-starter.” Fewer can show all of the things they have learned while waiting to hear about the status of job applications.Build your personal brand - you should build your digital profiles on different platforms. Why Digital Savvy is a Must for the job seeker?Show your presence on different platform through a various digital mechanism to a potential recruiterConnect to a recruiter through a digital platformSurvey says 90 per cent fail to get a job because they don't know how to connect recruiter digitallySensing we thought of launching courses that will benefit the learners. We, the entrepreneurs from different industries joined hands to cover all spheres of digital marketing and launched DigiUniversity.We built a Industry Oriented course based on our real learning of 10 years, that we gained while running our company and in consultation with our group of entrepreneurs. We floated this course to our known network friends and family. Actually they benefited from this course and helped them in learning new skills with internships.Richard Branson said: “Every risk is worth taking as long as it’s for a good cause, and contributes to a good life.”Your education does not (and should not) end after school. That's just where it begins.Below are the details of the course and fee structure:Course Name: Advanced Digital Marketing and one-month industry experienceCourse fee: Rs 50000course details -Best Digital Marketing Course| IIT- IIM Trainers | 2 Month Internship With Top CompaniesMuhammad Ali Jinnah Said: “I do not believe in taking the right decision, I take a decision and make it right.”Mark Zuckerberg famously said: "The biggest risk is not taking any risk. In a world that's changing really quickly, the only strategy that is guaranteed to fail is not taking risks."60 +Video Lecture +LiveLive Doubt Clearing SessionLatest Case studies, QuizOnline internship for practical learningLive Session With industry leadersExclusive one to one session with an industry leader on your startup or career mentoring after completion of courseCourse Valid for 1 yearRequirementNo prior knowledge and experience requiredNothing except a positive attitudeAuthors: Founder of companies and IIT & IIM alumniSuccessful people make decisions quickly and change them very slowly (if ever). Unsuccessful people make decisions very slowly and change them often and quickly. Napoleon BonaparteThe Future of Digital Marketing JobsThe digital marketing career scope in the Indian internet industry alone is going to be worth $160 billion by 2025, according to a Goldman Sachs report, which is three times its current value. Many companies are shifting their focus from traditional marketing to digital marketing. Digital advertising spends are set to reach Rs 25,000 crore in India (2021) , at a growth rate of more than 10.5%. Tons of Job will be available in the digital marketing sector.Especially considering the current coronavirus crisis, the job market will increasingly focus on digital and technology skills as it will enable them to work remotely. Thus, companies are looking for people who are skilled to handle digital marketing jobs.