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The OTO Melara 76 mm has many advantages over the smaller Bofors 57 mm; chiefly it can fire larger & smarter rounds at a greater distance, thus improving accuracy & lethality. But bigger isn’t always better.(76mm naval gun/ ammunition)The Bofors 57mm is significantly smaller & more compact versus the 76mm, its ammunition (while smaller & “dumber” than the 76mm’s) weighs a lot less, thus giving more flexibility when it comes to storage and space. These factors drive down maintenance costs as well. Lastly, the 57mm with its higher rate of fire is more effective against swarm attacks from small boats & can also be used in a limited air defence role (drones, slow moving aircraft, etc). Thus, while the 76mm is “deadlier”, the 57mm is more flexible in application.(57mm naval gun/ammunition)Now, the reason many Coast Guard ships were initially equipped with the 76mm is because many were cannibalized from decommissioned Oliver Hazard Perry class frigates. This saved money ($24 million in fact), & training time.(OHP Class)Moving forward into the future however, the Coast Guard (like the Navy) wants more & more out of its ships. The 57mm, while smaller, gives Coast Guard platforms a larger range of roles/capabilities. The saved space also allows ships to be packed with additional electronics and armament (again contributing to more roles/capabilities). The Department of Defense also wants more integration of future Coast Guard ships with other branches (ie joint missions with the Navy), thus a platform with more capabilities (anti-air, anti-sub, shore fire, patrol, etc) is a lot more valuable than a platform with simply a bigger gun (at least in the DoD’s eyes).(Legend Class Cutter equipped with 57mm)Lastly, the argument can be made that the Coast Guard simply doesn’t need a large 76mm naval gun because the Navy can fill that niche, thus the likelihood of a scenario with a Coast Guard ship needing to use a 76mm is rather small.

Thanks for A2A.Pulsating (or oscillating) heat pipes (PHP or OHP) are new two-phase heat transfer devices that rely on the oscillatory flow of liquid slug and vapor plug in a long miniature tube bent into many turns. The unique feature of PHPs, compared with conventional heat pipes, is that there is no wick structure to return the condensate to the heating section; thus, there is no counter current flow between the liquid and vapor.Heat addition and rejection and the growth and extinction of vapor bubbles drive the flow in a PHP.Applications of pulsating heat pipes are in HVAC, space applications (limited).source:Closed loop pulsating heat pipes: Part A: parametric experimental investigationshttp://web.missouri.edu/~zhangyu/Pubs/71_Zhang_and_Faghri_HTE_Review_Paper_2008.pdfhttp://prod.sandia.gov/techlib/access-control.cgi/2009/094520.pdf

The argument could be made that the overhead press is the most useful upper body exercise you can do.The main benefit draws from the main negative of the bench press.A bench press, while great for developing pure upper body strength, is very limited in its applicability. Unless you get stuck under a small car with your back laying flat on the ground and have to bench press the car off of you to free yourself you’ll never really be able to apply what you lift in the gym to everyday life.Now let’s think of an example of an offensive lineman (of which I have experience). Yes you do push out horizontally with your arms to apply a force to your oppenent during a block, but that force begins at the ground and is transferred up through your arms in a full body kinetic chain.In that regard a display of overhead pressing strength is far more functionaly impressive than a bench press where the kinetic chain begins your traps contact the bench and only travels up your arms as you impart force on the bar.Bench press = Developing raw upper body strength.OHP = Displaying raw upper body strength.These scenarios aren’t as important to the hobbies gym goer who is primarily interested in aesthetics however.