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There are quite a few groups of mistakes that people make.The spelling of vav: A lot of people don’t know the rules about writing double and single vav. The standard is that when it’s pronounced as a consonant v, it is always a single vav in the beginning of the word, and a double vav in the middle, and “word” in this rule includes all the clitic prepositions and conjunctions. So for example, the name Wikipedia is written ויקיפדיה, but “in Wikipedia” is בוויקיפדיה bevikipédya. A lot of people will write וויקיפדיה when they just want to write the name Wikipedia, or בויקיפדיה when they want to write bevikipedya.The spelling of consonant yod: The rule is similar to vav, although it has several exceptions. For example, מדויק meduyák “precise” is written with one yod because the yod is next to another letter that is used as a vowel, but many people write מדוייק, as well as מצויין etc.The spelling of yod as the i vowel: Some people write ליפני lifnéi “before”, מישם mishám “from there”, etc., even though these prepositions are never supposed to be written with yod. They may also write an unnecessary yod in the present and past tenses of nif’al verbs, for example ניכנס instead of נכנס nikhnás “(he) enters / entered”. This is definitely substandard and sloppy. Also, many people omit the yod in the future tense of nif’al verbs, where it is actually needed—ניכנס is the right way to write the verb nikanés “we will enter”. This is less sloppy, because at least it would be correct in texts with vowel signs, but in usual texts it makes reading harder, and it’s incorrect according to the standard.The spelling of yod as the e vowel: This is one of the trickiest areas of spelling rules, because it’s terribly inconsistent. The spelling of ea and eo in foreign words like קוריאה “Korea” and ארכאולוגיה “Archaeology”, etc., is inconsistent in practice, and it’s hard to even understand what is the right standard. Quite a lot of people omit the י in verbs like נבנית nivnét “(she) is being built” and התראינו hitraénu “we have seen each other”, and write נבנת and התראנו, even though it is always supposed to be written.The spelling of the preposition et (את), which is used before definite direct objects, for example אני כותב את התשובה aní kotév et hatshuvá “I am writing the answer”. This preposition is very common because of its nature, and since a lot of people don’t really pronounce the h sound in the definite article ha-, in spoken colloquial Hebrew it often sounds closer to aní kotév tatshuvá, and an increasing number of people write it as אני כותב ת׳תשובה or even אני כותב תתשובה. This is especially frequent in the writing of young people, as well as on web forums and social networks. Neither form is standard, but surprisingly, it can be found in some ancient sources, most famously—in the letters of Simon bar Kokhba. Some day this may become standard, much like the contraction of אשר to ש־, and מן to מ־.The masculine second person ending of past tense verbs: This one is a real tragedy. The masculine and feminine endings of the second person in past tense are pronounced differently: -t for feminine and -ta for masculine. But it’s written the same: ־ת, so סגרת is both sagárt (f) and sagárta (m) “you closed”. Some people today write the masculine form as סגרתה, and it is considered by most people as wrong and sloppy, even though such spelling is found in the Bible, so it’s not inherently wrong. In a parallel universe the “founding fathers” of Modern Hebrew taught the children in 1890s Hebrew schools to write ־תה, making texts easier to read. Oh well.Other general sloppiness includes swapping alef, ayin, and hei, as well as ט/ת and כ/ח, etc. See Does Hebrew have letters that make the same sound?

To pave way for the cause of scoring the maximum, its all about having fool-proof planning.There are total approx 30 chapters to deal with. We shall go topic-wise and starting from weak areas first. Here I am just giving some insight into class 11 syllabus (physical & inorganic) for now. You can plan similarly for remaining part.Salt analysis (practical inorganic chemistry) is widely ignored but vital in mastering the chemistry of heavy metals, transition elements and coordination compounds.Radial probability distribution graphs and discussion based on it- these are hot topic right now.All about MOT- bond orders etc- very very importantExamples/applications of back bonding-Hybridisation, shapes and structures of various molecules/ionsDifferent forms/expressions of vander waal equations, graph of Z vs P for real gasesConversion of V-T diagram into P-V diagrams, work done calculationsHess law,pH calculations in ionic equilibriumExpressions of Kp and Kc for different type of equilibrium reactionsExample of redox reactions in syllabus, law of equivalentsStability/solubility order of salts of s-block elementsReactions of diboraneFormula of types of silicates , siliconesGOC problemsNumericalsRemember-atleast first four and series limit wavelengths of lyman series and balmer series of H-spectrum (also compare with He+)the exception in periodic trends like- (a) size- Fe=Co=Ni, Zr=Hf, Nb=Ta, Ga < Al,(b) IE: N > O, Mg > Al, Ga > Al etc. (c) EA: F < Cl, O < S, N < Pthe reactions like NaO + N2O5 = NaNO3 , NO2 + H2O = HNO2 + HNO3the order of bond angles- NH3 > NF3, PH3 < PF3, OF2 < H2O < OCl2 < ClO2 etcborax has boron- sp2 and sp3; CF3 free radical is sp3; I2Cl6 has iodine sp3d2;products of reactions like (a) Cu + conc. H2SO4 (b) Na2S2O3 + I2 (c) Na2S2O3 + Cl2 + H2O (d) Pb3O4 + HNO3 (e) S8 + OH- (f) P4 + OH- (g) Br2 + OH- (h) CuSO4 + KI (i) O3 + KI (k) HBr + H2SO4 (l) KMnO4 + HCl (m) KO2 + H2O etcthe tricks/formula like-realtion btw concentration units-E = 1242 eV-nm/ wavelength (in nm) (for light)for electron accelerated from rest when PD of V volts is applied.Facts like:number of waves in nth orbit = nfor dilute solutions, molarity = molality1 g O, 1 g O2, 1 g O3 has same number of atoms.square of time period of revolution in nth orbit is proportional to cube of radius of orbit.1s, 2p, 3d, 4f has similar RDF curves and same number of radial nodes.Second electron affinity of elements is negative.reactions move towards minimum free energy.boric acid is weak monobasic acidreactions/tests like-Lassaigne testborax bead testduma/ Kjeldahl methoddeacon/downs cell /nelson cell processoxymercuration-demercurationNOTE-Start work on Making notes of (a) all name reactions (b) all common inorganic and organic name of compounds and their formulas (c) reactions of inorganic chemistry (d) flowcharts of reactions of all functional groups of organic chemistryNOTE-Must follow line by line and all problems of following and make notes-(1) NCERT(2) Exemplar problems(c) Arihant chapterwise / topicwise last ten year entrance examination questions or, Errorless chemistry(d) class notes and Modules of a good coaching—— Make your own notes from all above sources.

This question demands an elaborate answer.Right from the days of Ramayana (Vanaras, including Hanuman are believed to be from this region) till today (with gems like CNR Rao, Raja Ramanna, Narayana Murthy, Rahul Dravid etc.) the contribution from people of Karnataka has been immense.Here is an attempt to list all Kannadigas, by birth and by heart:Disclaimer: It is very unfair to name these people as mere Kannadigas, they belong to the world!1. Science & TechnologyBharata Ratnas Sir M.Visvesvaraya & C.N.R.Rao , Raja Ramanna, Ex-ISRO chairman Udupi Ramachandra Rao, Present ISRO chairman A.S.Kiran Kumar, B.N.Suresh, Narayana Murthy etc.(Sir MV, CNR Rao and Kiran Kumar)2. Religion/ Phiosophy/ Literature/ MusicPurandara Dasa, Kanaka Dasa and Vijaya Dasa - Keerthanas on VishnuBasavanna, Akka Mahadevi,Allama Prabhu, Sarvajna - Vachana LiteratureMadhvacharya - Dwaita Philosophy'The walking God' Shivakumara Swami - 108 years old, Humanitarian(Basavanna, Purandara Dasa and Shivakumara Swamiji)S.L.Bhyrappa , D. V. Gundappa (DVG), T. N. Srikantaiah, Vaidehi, Triveni, T.R.Subba Rao(Ta Ra Su), K. S. Nissar Ahmed,8 Jnanapitha awardees - Kuvempu, Shivaram Karanth, Masti Venkatesha Iyengar, D.R.Bendre, V K Gokak, U.R.Ananthamurthy, Girish Karnad , Chandrashekhara Kambara---- Great Poets(Kuvempu and SL Bhyrappa)Bharata Ratna Pt.Bhimsen Joshi , B.R.Chaya, Gangubai Hangal, Pt.Mallikarjun Mansur, Basavaraj Rajguru, Vijay Prakash, Raju Ananthaswamy, Mysore Ananthaswamy, Dr.Rajkumar ---- Singers(PT. Bhimsen Joshi, Gangubhai Hanagal and Vijay prakash)Special Mention: P.B.Sreenivas. Contribution to Kannada Music is immense. Sung Karnataka's unofficial anthem 'nAvaDuva nuDiye kannaDa nuDi'3. Drama/ MoviesGubbi Veeranna, B.V.Karanth, Master Hirannayya, T.P.Kailasam, K. V. Subbanna --- Known for playsG.V.Iyer, Puttanna Kanagal, Girish Kasaravalli, Shankar Nag, Upendra--- Legendary DirectorsChi.Udayashankar, R. N. Jayagopal, V. Manohar, Yogaraj Bhat--- Lyricists(Puttanna, Shankar Nag and Girish Kasaravalli)Dr.Rajkumar, Narasimharaju, Vajramuni, Anant Nag, Dr.Vishnuvardhan, Ambareesh, Prakash Rai, Soundarya, Kalpana, Aarathi, Jayanthi- Actors(Dr. Rajkumar, Anant Nag, Dr. Vishnuvardhan)G.K.Venkatesh, Rajan–Nagendra Hamsalekha, Mano Murthy, Raghu Dixit, Gurukiran, V. Harikrishna etc. ------- Music Directors(Raghu Dixit)4. Cuisine : All Udupi restaurants, Mavalli Tiffin Room(MTR) , Maiyyas, Kamath, Café Coffee Day etc.Dishes: Idly, Vade, Dose, Rotti, Mysore Pak, Dharwad Peda etc etc etc.(insufficient space!)5. Kings - Freedom fightersKarnataka has a rich history with Kadamba, Ganga, Chalukyas Rashtrakuta, Hoysala, Vijayanagara, Bahmani, Nayakas etc. However, the contribution of the Wodeyar dynasty is unmatchable in Modern history. The days of Raja Wodeyar 1 saw the birth of the world famous 'Mysuru Dasara'(Mysuru Dasara with Balarama carrying the 750 Kg Golden Pallakki)Krishna Raja Wodeyar IV : probably no other King has contributed so much as our Rajarshi (a name given by Mahatma Gandhi). He is rightly called the Maker of Modern Mysuru. His contributions:1. Indian Institute of Science2. Mysore Paints and varnishes (only manufacturers of election ink)3. KRS dam4. Bhadravati Iron and Steel plant5. Kannada Sahitya Parishat6. Street lights in Bengaluru(first in India)7. Mysore university and many other educational institutions(This is probably just 10% of his contributions. Look up his wiki page for more)(KrishnaRaja Wodeyar -4 : One of Indias Best Kings')Kittur Chennamma, Keladi Chennamma, Abbakka Chowta - Women who faught against Britishers and Portugese.Sangolli Rayanna, Freedom Fighters of Karnataka - other freedon fightersTipu Sultan - pioneer in using Rockets, first in IndiaOnake Obavva - warrior. Source of Inspiration to all womenIndian History is incomplete without them!6. One more field where-in you can find a lot of Kannadigas is Sports, espically Cricket. Karnataka is 2nd to Mumbai with 8 Ranji trophy wins (14 appearences) in CricketA. CricketTeam 1 (70's, 80's): The veteransThe old timers - G Vishwanath, BS Chandrasekhar & EAS Prasanna(Two of the famous spin-quartet), Brijesh Patel, Roger Binny & Kirmani (part of the WC-83 team)From 1973-83 Karnataka won thrice in 6 appearances in Ranji Trophy.(You can see Gundappa Vishwanath, BS Chandrashekhar, EAS Prasanna, and Kirmani )Team 2(90's): Just retired (well .... feels as if they were playing just yesterday)Rahul Dravid, Javagal 'Mysore Express' Srinath, Anil Kumble, Sunil Joshi, Venkatesh Prasad, Vijay Bharadwaj, Dodda GaneshThere are times when 5-6 Karnataka players used to be in the Indian team. As expected, Karnataka won Thrice from 1995-2000 in Ranji Trophy(Dravid, Srinath, Kumble, Prasad and Joshi - a constant fixture in the 90's)Team 3 (2008-15) : Young turksVinay Kumar, Robin Uthappa, Stuart Binny, Mithun, KL Rahul, Manish Pandey, Karun Nair, CM Gautham, Ganesh Satish, Amit VermaWe are sure to see most of them in Indian Colours soon. Karnataka has won twice in 3 finals from 2009-15. Karnataka also created a record by winning all 3 major national tournaments for two years, consecutively !!(The current champions- Vinay, Uthappa, Rahul, Binny, Pandey, Nair etc. can be seen)Special MentionShekhar Naik - Indian blind cricket team captain, led India to a T-20 and a ODI world cup victory!B. Field HockeyKodagu in Karnataka has a annual hockey festival which has a world record as the largest field hockey tournament in the world with 255 teams this year!There are always 3-4 players from Karnataka in the Indian team, with ~10 players in the core probables. Players like M. P. Ganesh(Olympic medallist), Sommayya Maneypande, goalkeeper Ashish Ballal, Arjun Halappa, VR Raghunath, SV Sunil(considered the fastest in the world), Nikkin Thimmaiah, Uthappa etc hail from Karnataka.(Drag flicker VR Raghunath)C. OthersA. Badminton:The legendary Prakash Padukone (Yes, yes, Deepikas father) was a great Badminton player, the first Indian to win All England Championship.Ashwini PonnappaAnup Sridhar - Badminton player (Ranked 24 in 2007)B. Tennis : Rohan BopannaC. Cue sports: Pankaj AdvaniD. Squash: Joshna ChinnappaF. Discus Throw: Vikas Gowda, One of India's Olympic medal hopesG. Athletics: Ashwini akkunji, J. J. Shobha, M. R. PoovammaH: Kabaddi: you can see many Kannadigas in the pro- Kabaddi leagueSunil Hanumanthappa (Bengaluru Bulls)Rishank Devadiga, Sunil Kumar, Ravi Shetty(Coach) (U Mumba)Sukesh Hegde, Prasanth Rai ( Telugu Titans)Kabaddi Queen, Indian women captain Mamatha Poojary hails from Karnataka too!I. HN Girisha : Paralympics High Jump Silver medallistEdit:7. So stupid of me to forget awesome Architecture!A. Vijayanagara Empire - Hampi, Many other temples(Hampi)(Bengaluru nandi(Bull) Devasthana- Kempegowda )B. Wodeyars - Mysore palaces, temples in and around MysoreC. Hoysalas - Belur and Halebidu, Somanathapura(Belur)(Keshava Devasthana, Somanathapura)D. Chalukyas - Badami, Aihole, Pattadakal(Virupaksha Devasthana, Pattadakal)(Cave temple, Badami)E. Adilshahis - Bijapura(Gol Gumbaz, Bijapura)F. Western Gangas - Sravanabelagola(17m Monolith Gommateshwara statue at Sravanabelagola)(Chavundaraya Basadi, Sravanabelagola)G. Cholas- Hoysalas- Vijayanagara : Nanjundeshwara Temple, Nanjangud(Nanjundeshwara Devasthana, Nanjangud- Karnataka's biggest temple)Edit 2 : Thanks to Krishna.Wildlife Photography and conservation: Karnataka has amazing wildlife sanctuaries and looks like this duo made complete use of it.8. Wildlife Photography/ Conservation: Krupakar BS and Senani Hegde - leading experts in Wild dogs, especially dhol dogs. They have also encouraged ~190 villages (~30,000 families) to move away from firewood (to cooking gas), hence helping protect Bandipura wildlife sanctuary. Also, they were taken hostage by Veerappan, the famous bandit. You can read about their exploits with Veerappan here : A glimpse into the mind of India's most-wanted brigandEdit 3:9. Banking: Karnataka is rightly called the 'Cradle of Banking in India' (especially Udupi and Dakshina Kannada districts). Seven major banks, State Bank of Mysore, Canara Bank, Karnataka Bank, Vijaya Bank, Corporation bank, Syndicate Bank and Vysya Bank trace their origins to this awesome state.(SBM, Mysuru)Edit:4 - Thanks to Harsha.10. Yoga: If you ask a foreigner "What is Mysuru famous for?", he would probably say "Palace, Dasara and Ashtanga Yoga!". Three major Yoga Gurus have their origin in Mysuru, Karnataka:a. Tirumalai Krishnamacharya : known as the "Father of Modern Yoga", patronized by the then Mysuru King, Nalwadi Krishna Raja Wodeyar.b. B. K. S. Iyengar : a pupil of Krishnamacharya, known for popularising yoga in India and in the Westc. K. Pattabhi Jois : another pupil of Krishnamacharya, developedof Ashtanga Yoga(BKS Iyengar, face of Yoga in the West)11. Others :Field Marshal KM Cariappa- Indias First Field MarshalSalumarada Timmakka - A great lady who planted hundreds of Banyan treesUllas KaranthS Nijalingappa, Deve Gowda, SM Krishna, Sadananda Gowda, Mallikarjuna Kharge - PoliticsShatavadhani Ganesh - is one of the very few avadhanis' leftSantosh Hegde - Lokayukta, Ret. Supreme Court JudgeVeerendra Heggade - humanitarianSudha Murthy - head, Infosys foundation, humanitarianShakuntala Devi - the human calculatorH. L. Dattu - Chief Justice of Supreme CourtEdit 5: Included Kabaddi playersEdit 6 :(Coming Soon)12. Art forms:A. YakshaGaanaB. Dollu KunitaC. KamsaleD. Hari KatheE. Goravara KunitaF. BhootaradhaneG. KaragaH. Veera GaaseI. Mysuru Style BharataNatyaJ. NagamandalaK. Huli Vesha13. PaintingsP.S: If you think anything else deserves to be added, kindly suggest an edit.