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The UK essentially already had the base knowledge of how to utilise nuclear materials for a potential weapon, and already had a programme to develop one by the time the US entered the war. It was the first nuclear weapons programme in history.A series of experiments at Imperial College London and the University of Birmingham in early-1940 produced several reports detailing the potential of nuclear fission. The conclusion of these projects led to the formation of the MAUD Committee in June that year. This co-ordinated increased nuclear research at UCL, Birmingham, Liverpool, Oxford and Cambridge throughout 1940-41.By 1941, the reports had concluded it was indeed feasible for the UK to develop a weapon harnessing this new type of nuclear fission. The codename ‘Tube Alloys’ was given to the project. Canadian scientists also joined on the project.After the US entered the war, and the UK was still suffering bombing attacks by Germany and project costs were considerable, it was decided to create a joint nuclear project using the research completed by Britain and Canada up to that point - thus the Manhattan Project began in 1942 (though had some roots dating further back).The 1943 Quebec agreement was signed, so the US and UK could share their research and agree never to use the weapons against each other. It dictated how both sides would use and control nuclear power and bombs post-war.In 1946, the US broke the Quebec and Hyde Park agreements on post-war research sharing with the Atomic Enegry Act, and prevented the UK or Canada accessing any Manhattan Project research that they themselves had contributed towards - creating a significant rift. This led to the UK developing it's own nuclear weapons alone by 1953.Hope this helps.

Winston Churchill and Franklin Delano Roosevelt worked out two important secret agreements - the Quebec Agreement and the Hyde Park Agreement - about the development and use of nuclear weapons.The Quebec Agreement made the development of the atomic bomb a joint US - British project, with the US taking the lead in development of the bomb since it had resources and capacity to spare. The Quebec Agreement set up official channels for communication and collaboration on the Manhattan Project between Britain and the US.Churchill and FDR also agreed to not use the atomic bomb without each other’s consent, not share nuclear secrets without consent and not to nuke each other.The implementation of the Quebec Agreement was a bit rocky. General Leslie R. Groves was determined to share as few nuclear secrets as possible with the British and by 1943 he had essentially frozen out any official communication with the British, however, scientists like to talk and Manhattan Project scientists passed a good deal of information along to British scientists on the QT. The non-cooperation irked Churchill who took it up with FDR and Leslie R. Groves was told to back off. A delegation of British scientists, including atomic spy Klaus Fuchs, was dispatched to Los Alamos in early 1944 where they made notable contributions to development of the atomic bomb.The Hyde Park agreement of September 18, 1944 was a followup to the Quebec Agreement. Winston Churchill and Franklin Delano Roosevelt agreed to:Use (“after mature consideration”) the atomic bomb against Japan and keep bombing them until they surrenderedContinue cooperating and sharing nuclear research after the end of the warKeep a very close eye on Niels Bohr in case he blabbed nuclear secrets to the RuskiesThe Hyde Park Agreement is interesting for a couple of reasons.The “Japan first target of the atomic bomb” agreement wasn’t ironclad, hence the amendment “after mature consideration,” but it shows a willingness to take Germany off the target list, though in September 1944, a lot of British and American leaders thought the war might be over by Christmas 1944. The US didn’t get done to mature consideration of atomic bomb targets until March 1945 when the days of the Third Reich were numbered in small numbers and Japan was the only Axis member still standing.Point 2 of the Hyde Park Agreement shows Churchill’s interesting getting his own atomic bombs but the impossibility of doing that during the war. Churchill was voted out of office before the war against Japan was over, but as soon as he got back into office in 1951, he launched a crash atomic bomb project and got his atomic bomb in 1952 and hydrogen bombs in very short order.The US didn’t keep up its end of the Hyde Park Agreement by continuing nuclear collaboration after World War II. Congress passed the McMahon Act in 1946 that prevented any collaboration in nuclear research with any other state. And the exposure of Klaus Fuchs in 1950 and other atomic spies fed American Cold War paranoia and any resumption of Manhattan Project collaboration was not possible.Point 3 is pure Churchill. Churchill had a disastrous meeting with Niels Bohr in 1944. Bohr attempted to pass along his deep thoughts on the implications of nuclear weapons. Churchill greatly resented being lectured on international politics by a slightly other-worldly scientist and held a dark distrust of Bohr from then on. Bohr had buttonholed FDR as well and FDR came away distrusting Bohr as well.

Well not too much. Lets see.New Zealander Ernest Rutherford first split the atom in 1917 at the University of Manchester (England). He had already learnt about radioactive half lives and the nature of alpha and beta radiation at McGill University in Canada.Subsequently when Director of the Cavendish Lab at Cambridge, his colleague James Chadwick discovered the neutron in 1932. (More about Chadwick later). Also two of his research students, John Cockcroft and Ernest Walton conducted the first experiments to split the neutron; this work was the first time that the enourmous energy available in the atom.All 4 men became Nobel Laureates for their work.Chadwick also wrote the final version of the MAUD report which persuaded the American to procede with nuclear research.I can’t be bothered to write everything so here is an extract from Wiki, and you can read the rest.Britain contributed to the Manhattan Project by helping initiate the effort to build the first atomic bombs in the United States during World War II, and helped carry it through to completion in August 1945 by supplying crucial expertise. Following the discovery of nuclear fission in uranium, scientists Rudolf Peierls and Otto Frisch at the University of Birmingham calculated, in March 1940, that the critical mass of a metallic sphere of pure uranium-235 was as little as 1 to 10 kilograms (2.2 to 22.0 lb), and would explode with the power of thousands of tons of dynamite. The Frisch–Peierls memorandum prompted Britain to create an atomic bomb project, known as Tube Alloys. Mark Oliphant, an Australian physicist working in Britain, was instrumental in making the results of the British MAUD Report known in the United States in 1941 by a visit in person. Initially the British project was larger and more advanced, but after the United States entered the war, the American project soon outstripped and dwarfed its British counterpart. The British government then decided to shelve its own nuclear ambitions, and participate in the American project.In August 1943, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Winston Churchill, and the President of the United States, Franklin D. Roosevelt, signed the Quebec Agreement, which provided for cooperation between the two countries. The Quebec Agreement established the Combined Policy Committee and the Combined Development Trust to coordinate the efforts of the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada. The subsequent Hyde Park Agreement in September 1944 extended this cooperation to the postwar period. A British Mission led by Wallace Akers assisted in the development of gaseous diffusion technology in New York. Britain also produced the powdered nickel required by the gaseous diffusion process. Another mission, led by Oliphant who acted as deputy director at the Berkeley Radiation Laboratory, assisted with the electromagnetic separation process. As head of the British Mission to the Los Alamos Laboratory, James Chadwick led a multinational team of distinguished scientists that included Sir Geoffrey Taylor, James Tuck, Niels Bohr, Peierls, Frisch, and Klaus Fuchs, who was later revealed to be a Soviet atomic spy. Four members of the British Mission became group leaders at Los Alamos. William Penney observed the bombing of Nagasaki and participated in the Operation Crossroads nuclear tests in 1946.British contribution to the Manhattan Project - WikipediaAs you can see - not much.