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Hesse's novel Demian is extremely popular in Korea, actually something of a smash hit. (Whereas it's usually Siddhartha most English-speaking undergrads have read, or maybe Steppenwolf, in Korea hands-down it's Demian.) I'm not sure that many of his other words get widely read here, but everyone seems to read Demian at some point.As to why, well: I can't answer that definitively, but I can offer a few observations:1. Authors in translation achieve reputations different from in their native lands. In Korea, the French author Bernard Werber—who writes mainstreamish fantasy/SF novels—is far, far more popular than he was in France. The Korean-language sales of his book(s?) Ants actually helped boost his career in France, from what I've heard. Another example is Roger Zelazny who, while famous in the English-speaking world, is slowly slipping from collective memory. (He comes up in discussions, but isn't constantly brought up.) In Korea, he seems to be right up there with Asimov and Clarke, a top-tier author of SF/fantasy.Likewise, in English the Haruki Murakami novels that were most popular were Hard-Boiled Wonderland and the End of the World and The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle; in Korea, it is (hands down) Norwegian Wood, probably because it was less weird than his other work, and more accessible to Korean audiences, most of whom preferred realistic fiction to anything bizarre, weird or supernatural at the time when it was published. Even now, when Koreans are starting to read other Japanese and European authors who write weirder stuff, people always seem to default to Norwegian Wood when asked about Murakami. It's the book he's known for here. Demian seems to be the equivalent book for Hesse.I think also, the fact that Demian has less supernatural or magical stuff in it than other Hesse novels may help explain the specific appeal of this book. Also, Siddhartha would appeal less since Buddhism is both less exotic, but also less easily-idealized and exoticized for a Korean audience than for a Western one.Also, once you're selecting films and movies without a concern for the original language, why not? When I first arrived in Korea (in 2002) one film everyone knew well and mentioned often was Léon: The Professional. It wasn't that famous in Canada, at least, but in Korea, it was more well-known by the average person than Western mainstays like Star Wars or Star Trek by a long shot. Likewise, I once bought a ticket for a film showing in a Korean cinema, asking whether the film was English language or something else. I was told it was in English, obviously by someone who spoke no English: it was El Orfanato, a Spanish language film. But since the audiences here had subtitles to rely on, the original language didn't matter... so you find a lot of people reading older French and German authors who are, in the West, read much less outside of universities today.2. Readers have a (somewhat) smaller and differently-shaped pool of works to choose from. Perhaps Demian was translated earlier than other works by Hesse, or perhaps it was published at the right time to catch on and become popular. Certainly I've noticed Koreans become aware of foreign SF authors when they get translated; a few years back, suddenly everyone was reading Olaf Stapledon and saying how Odd John and Star Maker were good novels. They had no access until that, unless they were able to read in English.3. Many Koreans have a fairly different literary aesthetic from English-speakers: the assumptions about how literary fiction works are just different. They are much more enamored of sad endings, and they tend to be much more patient with stories that unfold in such a way that the protagonists never had a real hope of changing the outcome. The expectations are different: agency (as in, the power of the protagonist to do things and affect the outcome) just isn't as central a concern in a lot of modern Korean fiction, though of course that is changing. But the fatalist aesthetic definitely exists. This difference also makes it hard to promote Korean fiction to English speakers, too: we have little patience for stories that feature characters who can't take some hand in their fate, and we also tend to be less patient with melodramatically sad turns of plot (let alone melodramatically sad endings).This third point speaks directly to Hesse's Demian, which, like Goethe's Sorrows of Young Werther, has a lot of melodramatic sadness. It's sort of the sad-teen-melodrama equivalent of The Catcher in the Rye or On the Road, and I get the impression Demian fills the same niche in Korea: a lot of people read it as teenagers.4. Demian specifically is about someone who (transgressively, but in a way celebrated by the novel) moves beyond the world of appearances towards the world of the self, and it touches on things like people who have the "Mark of Cain" (and can't be fulfilled by "normal" social interactions). I think literary people often feel like that, yearning to move beyond appearances and feeling somehow a bit lonely in a world of people who don't read, don't introspect as much as they do, and so on: therefore they tend to find Hesse's themes here appealing, and for those having grown up in South Korea—a place where appearance and form are often conventionally prioritized over essence or content—these particular theme probably has a special appeal.5. Demian touches on the necessity of dualism: good and evil are both necessary within the novel, it's hinted. This is a theme I think appeals to Korean readers, especially in the wake of the horrors (experienced firsthand or through constant recounting) of the 20th century.6. My wife (a Korean national) has observed, on reading 19th century European and British fiction (Tolstoy, Austen, Flaubert) that the social world of those novels resonated pretty powerfully with the social world one experiences in South Korea: parents objecting to love marriages or forbidding relationships or marriages, women seeking out husbands on the basis of their career potential or income, and people (often women) ending up in desperate trouble or in penury because of a cruel parent or a tragic family accident. Demian is certainly within that milieu: it feels like old Europe struggling with modernity, though, and that also lines up pretty well with South Korea in terms of its own grappling with modernity.7. For a long time, Korean schools required students to take two foreign languages: the first was English, but the second was German or French. (EDIT: Correction added) My impression was that boys took French and girls took German, but it's the opposite: even into the early 20th century, boys took German and girls took French, and given the way academically important stuff was usually prioritized for boys, I guess German culture and language was held up as important in Korea (second to English) until that time. I think since then, the focus has moved to studying Japanese and Chinese as second foreign languages, in those schools that still require students to study two at least.Still... it's probably not coincidental that the biggest Hesse fans I've known were Korean women who'd studied German. (One was a German major, indeed.)8. Germany and Korea have a history of cultural exchanges going back really far:http://www.korea.net/NewsFocus/Culture/view?articleId=108212... and besides that, Hesse is also hugely popular in Japan. As you probably know, Japan was crucially influenced by Germany in the first half of the 20th century, but Japan also passed on some of that influence to Korea when it occupied the peninsula. Probably at least some of he literary fascination with Hesse can be traced back to that, I'd guess probably through the Koreans who went to Japan for higher education, and brought back their literary tastes when they returned. (In other words, the Japanese canon of Western literature-in-translation probably shaped the Korean canon of Western literature-in-translation in important ways.)There may be more, as I don't know the fine details about Korean translations of Demian here, but that probably covers most of it, in broad strokes.

Most of us do not remember anything from the day of our birth – the first steps, first words and impressions up to the kindergarten. Our first memories are usually sketchy, few in number, and alternate with significant chronological failures. The absence of a sufficiently important stage of life in our memory for many decades has depressed parents and puzzled psychologists, neurologists and linguists, including the father of psychotherapy Sigmund Freud, who introduced the concept of "infantile amnesia" more than 100 years ago. On the one hand, babies absorb new information like sponges. Every second they form 700 new nerve connections, so children learn the language and other skills necessary for survival in the human environment with an enviable speed. Recent studies show that the development of their intellectual abilities begins before birth.But even as adults, we forget information over time, unless we make a special effort to preserve it. Therefore, one explanation for the lack of childhood memories is that childhood amnesia is just the result of a natural process of forgetting, which almost all of us face throughout our lives.The answer to this assumption helped to find a study of the German psychologist of the XIX century Hermann Ebbinghaus (Hermann Ebbinghaus), who was one of the first to conduct a series of experiments to test the possibilities and limitations of human memory. In order to avoid associations with past memories and to study mechanical memory, he developed a method of meaningless syllables – learning rows of fictional syllables from two consonants and one vowel.Reproducing the memory learned words, he introduced the "forgetting curve", which shows a rapid decline in our ability to remember the studied material: without additional training, our brain discards half of the new material for an hour, and by day 30 we are only 2-3% of the information received.The most important conclusion in studies of Ebbinghaus: the forgetting of information is quite natural. To find out whether it fit into the infant memories, it was only necessary to compare the graphics. In the 1980s, scientists, making some calculations, found that we store much less information about the period between birth and age of six or seven years than would be expected from the memory curve. This means that the loss of these memories is different from our usual process of forgetting.It is interesting, however, that some people have access to earlier memories than others: some may remember events from two years, while others may not remember any events from life to seven or eight years. On average, fragmentary memories," pictures", appear about the age of 3.5 years. Even more interesting is the fact that the age to which the first memories belong is different among representatives of different cultures and countries, reaching the earliest value in two years.Can this explain the gaps in the memories? To establish a possible connection between this discrepancy and the phenomenon of "infantile oblivion", psychologist Qi Wang (Qi Wang) from Cornell University gathered hundreds of memories of students of Chinese and American colleges. According to stereotypes, American stories were longer, more complicated and clearly self-centered. Chinese stories were shorter and consisted mostly of facts, and on average, they were six months later than those of American students. The fact that more detailed, personality-oriented memories are much easier to preserve and relive has been proven by numerous studies. A little selfishness helps the work of our memory, as the formation of our point of view fills the event with a special meaning."There's a difference between the wording' there were tigers in the zoo ' and 'I saw tigers in the zoo, and although they were scary, I had a great time,' says Robin Fivush, a psychologist at Emory University.When Qi Wang repeated the experiment with the mothers of these children, she obtained the same results. It seems that our memories of childhood are vague, our parents are also guilty."In Eastern cultures, childhood memories are not so important," she says. "If society tells you that these are memories that matter, you will try to save them." The record of the earliest childhood memories belongs to the indigenous people of New Zealand, Maori, in the culture of which the past occupies an important place. A Maori can recall the events with 2.5 years.Our culture can also determine how we talk about our memories, and some psychologists say that they only occur when we master speech."Language helps to provide the structure or organization of our memories, that is, the narrative. Creating the story, the experience becomes more organized, and therefore it becomes easier to remember for a long time," says Fyvush.Of course, some psychologists doubt that speech plays such a big role in our memory. For example, children who are born deaf and grow up without sign language refer their earliest memories to the same age as their peers.So the most likely theory is that we can't remember the first years of our lives because our brain didn't develop the necessary functions or "tools". Evidence of this can be found in the history of the most famous patient in neurobiology under the initials HM. After an unsuccessful operation to treat epileptic seizures, the patient had a damaged hippocampus-part of the limbic system of the brain, also responsible for converting short – term memory into long-term memory-and NM could not remember any new events.In doing so, however, he was still able to study other types of information as well as babies. When scientists asked him to copy a five-pointed star pattern while looking at it in the mirror (which is harder than it might seem), his result improved with each new attempt, despite the fact that he did not remember the experience of his practice.It is therefore possible that the hippocampus is not sufficiently developed at the early stage of our growing up to record enough information about events. Rat and monkey cubs, like humans, add new neurons to the hippocampus during the first few years of life, but are unable to form stable infant memories. It seems that the moment we stop creating new neurons, we find the ability to preserve long-term memories.But do we lose our childhood memories before the hippocampus is fully formed, or are they not recorded at all? Since children's experiences can continue to influence our behavior after we forget them, some psychologists believe that these memories are still stored somewhere. But even if we tried to restore them, it is hardly possible to speak with confidence about their truth.None of us likes it when someone says that our memories are not real. Elizabeth Loftus (Elizabeth Loftus), a psychologist from the University of California at Irvine, devoted her career to the phenomenon of false memories. In the 1980s, she recruited volunteers for research and personally implanted false information about their past. Each participant was told about the" traumatic experience " that happened to them in childhood in the shopping center – referring to the words of relatives, they were told how they got lost in it and with the help of a good old woman found their family. Almost a third of the subjects believed it, and some of them even remembered the vivid details of the "experience". I mean, we're sometimes more certain of false memories than real ones.Even if our memories are based on real events, they were in any case unconsciously reworked later by talking about them. Perhaps the mystery is not why we can't remember our childhood, but whether we can trust our childhood memories.

Well some of the famous events that occured in October are...1. October 1The first World Series Baseball game put on display at the Library of Congress, 19442. October 2The five-day work week was officially sanctioned by the American Federation of Labor, 1933Australians seized Finschhafen, New Guinea, 1903Henry Ford introduced the Model T automobile, 1908President James Carter was born in Plains, Georgia, 1924The Declaration of Independence, and other historic documents that had been sent away from Washington, D.C. in December 1941 for safekeeping, were returned and g World War II, 1943"Peanuts" comic strip debuted, 1950The "Twilight Zone" first premiered on television, 1959Thurgood Marshall was sworn in as an Associate Justice of U.S. Supreme Court, the first black to this position, 19673. October 3George Washington proclaimed the first National Thanksgiving, 1789President Abraham Lincoln declared the last Thursday in November, Thanksgiving Day, 1863The first woman U.S. senator, Mrs. W.H. Felton, age 87 of Cartersville, Georgia, was appointed by Governor Thomas W. Hardwick of Georgia, to the seat vacated by the death of Senator Thomas E. Watson. Voters chose a successor that November, 1922The play, Abe Lincoln in Illinois, opened in Washington, D.C., 1938Stop The World - I Want To Get Off opened on Broadway at the Shubert Theatre, 1962The "End" of the Berlin Wall occurred, 19904. October 4First Lady Eliza Johnson was born Eliza McCardle in Leesburg, Virginia, 1810President Rutherford B. Hayes was born in Delaware, Ohio, 1822Construction of the ironclad ship, the Monitor, was authorized by the U.S. Navy, 1861The first solicitor general, Benjamin Helm Bristow, was appointed by President Ulysses S. Grant, 1870Germany requested armistice during World War I, 19185. October 5President Chester A. Arthur was born in Fairfield, Vermont, 1830The Dalton gang was killed while robbing two banks in Coffeyville, Kansas, 1892The first radio broadcast of the World Series occurred, 1921The first nonstop flight across the Pacific Ocean was completed by Hugh Herndon and Clyde Pangborn, who flew from Sabishiro, Japan to Wenatchee, Washington, a distance of 4860 miles, in 41 hours, 13 minutes, 1932The Beatles first hit song, "Love Me Do," was first released in the United Kingdom, 1962,6. October 6The American Pharmaceutical Association, the first nationwide organization of its type, was founded in Philadelphia, 1853The sanctioning of polygamy was discontinued by the Mormon Church, 1891Al Jolson starred in The Jazz Singer, the first motion picture using the sound-on-film process, 1927Investigation began concerning rigged television game shows, 1956The first woman university president in the United States, Hannah H. Gray, was inaugurated at the University of Chicago, 1978Anwar Sadat was assassinated, 19817. October 7The first Colonial Congress met, 1765Writer/Poet Edgar Allan Poe died in Baltimore, Maryland, 1849The first practical folding machine to fold book and newspaper sheets was patented by Cyrus Chambers, Jr., a Pennsylvania inventor, 1857The aircraft carrier, U.S.S. Saratoga, the world's most powerful warship, was launched at the Brooklyn, New York Navy Yard, 1955The Motion Picture Association of America adopted film ratings, 1968Cats, a musical by Andrew Lloyd Webber opened on Broadway at the Winter Garden Theater in New York City, 19828. October 8A telegraph line opened from Los Angeles to San Francisco, 1860Franklin Pierce, fourteenth President of the United States, died at the age of 64 in Concord, New Hampshire, 1869Bruno Hauptmann was indicted on murder charges in the death of the infant son of Charles Lindbergh, 1934An Evening with Mike Nichols and Elaine May opened at the St. James Theater in New York City; written and performed by Nichols and May, 19609. October 9Leif Ericson discovered Vinland, 1000Roger Williams was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony, 1635The Washington Monument opened to the public, 1888The Iceman Cometh, a play by Eugene O'Neill, opened at the Martin Beck Theatre in New York City, 194610. October 10First Lady Martha Randolph died, 1836The United States Naval Academy opened in Annapolis, Maryland. It combined at one site a group of schools previously located in the port cities of New York, Boston, Philadelphia and Norfolk, 1845The waterway across the Isthmus of Panama was completed when the Gamboa Dike was blown up. President Woodrow Wilson set off the explosion by pressing an electric button at the White House, 1914"Porgy & Bess" opened on Broadway at the Alvin Theatre, running for 16 weeks, followed by a three month road tour, 1935The first passenger service circling the globe was announced by Pan American World Airways, 1959Vice President Spiro Agnew resigned, 197311. October 11The first steam-powered ferryboat, "Juliana" began operation, 1811First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt was born in New York, 1884Kathy Sullivan was the first woman to walk in space this day, 198412. October 12Columbus arrived with expedition in the present-day Bahamas, (Old Style calendar; Oct.21, New Style), 1492The first celebration of Columbus Day in America was held in New York City, 1792General Robert Edward Lee died in Virginia, 1870Alcatraz became a federal prison, 1933Jesus Christ Superstar, a rock opera by Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber opened on Broadway at the Mark Hellinger Theater, 197113. October 13Roman emperor Claudius I died, A.D. 54A naval force was established by the Continental Congress when it authorized construction of two warships, increasing the number to four on October 30; 1775President Dwight David Eisenhower was born in Denison, Texas, 1890Italy declared war on Germany. The new Italian government was headed by Pietro Badaglio. Mussolini, who had been arrested, was rescued by German commandos led by Colonel Otto Skorzeny. Mussolini then formed a new fascist government in northern Italy, 1943Germans launched the first U-bombs against Antwerp, 1944The first supersonic bomber, the B58, was ordered into production by the U.S. Air Force, 195414. October 14Theodore Roosevelt was shot from a distance of six feet and wounded, while leaving a hotel in Milwaukee, Wisconsin during his campaign tour. The bullet struck a bulky manuscript in his coat pocket, then entered his chest. Despite the wound, Roosevelt insisted on delivering his speech before going to the hospital, 1912The first mechanical switchboard was installed in the New York City telephone system, and the exchange was called "Pennsylvania," 1923German Field Marshall Rommel committed suicide rather than face execution for conspiring against Hitler, 1944How To Succeed In Business Without Really Trying opened on Broadway at the Forty-Sixth Street Theatre, 196115. October 15First Lady Edith Wilson was born Edith Bolling in Wytheville, Virginia, 1872The Edison Electric Light Company was founded at 65 Fifth Avenue, New York, 1878The first American fishing journal, the American Angler, was published in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1881Nazi War Criminal Hermann Goering, one of the principal leaders in the Holocaust, poisoned himself hours before he was to have been executed, 1945"I Love Lucy" premiered on CBS-TV, 195116. October 16Queen Marie Antoinette was beheaded, 1793The Tremont Hotel in Boston, Massachusetts, the first luxurious hotel in America, opened its doors with a dollar-a-plate dinner, attended by Daniel Webster and Edward Everett. This 170-room hotel offered many first-time luxuries and conveniences such as private bedrooms with door locks, soap and a pitcher of water in each room, indoor toilets (eight water closets), menus in the dining room, room clerks, and bellboys. Many architects in the future used the Tremont as a model for other luxury hotels, 1829Anesthesia was given its first public demonstration before other doctors by William T.G. Morton, a Boston dentist. Morton administered sulfuric ether during an operation performed by John Collins Warren at the Massachusetts General Hospital. Earlier on September 30, Morton had painlessly removed an ulcerated tooth from a patient anesthetized by ether, 1847John Brown seized the Federal Armory at Harpers Ferry, Virginia (now West Virginia), 1859The first American objects launched into space were two aluminum pellets lofted by the U.S. Air Force, 1958The U.S. Senate confirmed Clarence Thomas to the U.S. Supreme Court, 199117. October 17Columbus sighted the isle of San Salvador, 1492The Chesapeake and Delaware Canal was formally opened, linking the Delaware River and the Chesapeake Bay. The canal is fourteen miles long and cost $2,250,000; 1829Al Capone convicted of income-tax evasion, 1931President James Carter signed a bill restoring U.S. citizenship to Jefferson Davis and Robert E. Lee, 1978A bill creating the Department of Education was signed by President James Carter, 1978The San Francisco Bay area earthquake occurred, 198918. October 18The Maryland - Pennsylvania boundary, the Mason-Dixon line was finalized, 1767Alaska's flag was first raised, 1867The sand blaster was patented, 1870Thomas Alva Edison died at the age of 84 at Glenmont, his West Orange, New Jersey home. At 9:59 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, all nonessential lights in the United States were extinguished for one minute in his memory, 1932The use of cyclamates, an artificial sweetener, was banned by the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. This ban was later modified onDecember 20to permit use of specified amounts, including a Medifast Diet Couponexcept in soft drinks, 1969First Lady Bess Truman died, 198219. October 19The Hundred Years War ended, 1453The ship "Peggy Stewart" was burned at Annapolis, Maryland, 1774General Cornwallis surrendered at Yorktown, Virginia, 1781The Miracle Worker, a play by William Gibson, opened at the Playhouse in New York City, with Anne Bancroft playing the leading role as Anne Sullivan Macy, Helen Keller's childhood teacher, 1959Jacqueline (Mrs. John F.) Kennedy married Aristotle Onassis in a private ceremony of his island of Skorpios, 1968Look magazine ceased publication due to increasing postal rates, 1971The Concorde SST made its first flight from France to Kennedy Airport in New York, 1978 (The Concorde SSThad already begun flights to Washington, D.C., in May, 1978)20. October 20The United States Senate ratified the Louisiana Purchase, 1803General Douglas MacArthur returned to the Philippines, 1944President Herbert Hoover died in New York City, 196421. October 21The Battle of Trafalgar began, 1805Thomas Edison invented the working electric light,1879The first transatlantic radio telephone was made, 1915A new typewriting speed record was established by Margaret B. Owen in New York City, when she typed 170 words a minute with no errors, 1918Aachen surrendered during World War II, 1944The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, opened, and is the only building in New York City designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, 195922. October 22Sam Houston was sworn as the first president of the Republic of Texas, 1836Airplanes were first used on battlegrounds, 1911The Battle of Leyte Gulf occurred, 1944The United States allowed the deposed Shah of Iran to go to New York for medical reasons, which precipitated hostage crisis, 197923. October 23Blanche Scott, was the first woman to solo in an airplane, 1910The first horseshoe pitching contest was held, 1915Twenty-five thousand women marched in New York City demanding the right to vote, 1915The British counteroffensive at El Alamein occurred during World War II, 194224. October 24A patent was issued for the safety match, 1826The first Pony Express ride ended, 1861Nylon stockings were sold publicly for the first time in Wilmington, Delaware, 1939The 40-hour workweek, part of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, went into effect, 194025. October 25The "Charge of Light Brigade" occurred during the Crimean War, 1854First Lady Caroline Harrison died in Washington, D.C., of Typhoid fever, 1892The United States invaded Grenada, 198326. October 26The Erie Canal was opened, 1825First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton was born Hillary Rodham in Chicago, Illinois, 1947A minimum wage bill was signed by President Harry S. Truman, raising the minimum wage in certain industries engaged in interstate commerce from 40 cents to 75 cents, 1950The International Atomic Energy Agency was established, 195627. October 27The Federalist Papers first appeared in a New York newspaper, 1787President Theodore Roosevelt was born in New York City, 1858Dupont developed Nylon, 193828. October 28Harvard College was founded, 1636First Lady Abigail Adams died in Quincy, Massachusetts after suffering a stroke, 1818The Statue of Liberty was dedicated in New York Harbor by President Grover Cleveland, 1886The Volstead Act or National Prohibition Act was passed by Congress over President's Wilson's veto. The act defined as intoxicating liquor any beverage containing at least one-half of 1% alcohol and provided for enforcement of the provisions of the Eighteenth Amendment, 1919The Gateway Arch in St. Louis, Missouri, "known as the "Gateway to the West," constructed in steel by Eero Saarinen, was completed. The 630-foot parabolic arch commemorated the Louisiana Purchase and the city's role in westward expansion, 196529. October 29Sir Walter Raleigh was executed in London, 1618The New York Stock Market crash occurred, 1929First Lady Frances Cleveland died in Baltimore, Maryland, 1947"Hair" opened on Broadway, 196730. October 30President John Adams was born at Braintree (Quincy) Massachusetts, 1735George Washington established the U.S. Cavalry, 1776Orson Welles performed his, "War of the Worlds" radio broadcast, based on the novel by H.G. Wells, which caused widespread panic when listeners took as true the realistically performed news reports of an invasion from Mars, 1938The U.S. Government announced the end of shoe rationing, 194531. October 31General Winfield Scott, the greatest U.S. military commander since the War of 1812, retired as commander-in-chief of the Army at the age of 75, 1861Nevada entered the Union, 1864 (36th)Mrs. William Waldorf Astor, wife of the British financier and publisher, died at the age of 78. Her death marked the end of the old-style society in New York City, 1909Magician Harry Houdini died in Detroit, Michigan, 1926The Battle of Britain ended, 1940Indira Gandhi was assassinated by two Sikh security guards, 1984.I HOPE THESE HELPED