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Finland, as a country, has several thoughts on Karelia, one of which is not returning the areas lost in the WW2, if that’s what you’re asking.Finland has active neighboring area cooperation with Russia: for a large part that concerns Karelian areas, they form the biggest part of the neighboring areas in Russia and large parts in Finland too.The main objectives of the cooperation were the promotion of regional stability, support for economic and social development, the development of the rule of law and administrative and legislative reform.Suomen ja Venäjän rajat ylittävä yhteistyö - UlkoministeriöThis cooperation has three programs, one of which is the Karelia ENPI CBC Programme that is at least partly funded by the EU:The main objective of the Karelia ENPI CBC Programme is to increase well-being in the programme area through cross-border cooperation. To achieve this goal, the objective is to strengthen strategic guidance for programme implementation and to pursue concrete cross-border results and visible impacts on strategically important fields of activity.Priority 1 includes activities in support to cross-border economic development. This corresponds to the Commission’s objective Economic and Social Development. However, in the Karelia ENPI CBC Programme social development issues have been included in the Priority 2 – not in the same priority as economic development. Priority 1 also includes activities that foster efficient and secure borders.Priority 2 concentrates on issues improving the quality of life and mostly builds on issues such as health, pleasant and clean environment, functional and practical structure of society and services (including cultural services). Activities included inPriority 2 address parts of the Commission’s objectives Common Challenges and People to People and partly also the social development part of the Commission’s Priority 1 Economic and Social Development.https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjhpraqwsHqAhUFxMQBHfCrDrEQFjAIegQICRAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Feuropa.eu%2Fcapacity4dev%2Ffile%2F20620%2Fdownload%3Ftoken%3D6yssg73e&usg=AOvVaw2YEySlZZp42TwsfN1Pz8kMSo, Finland thinks that Karelia is a part of Russia and the neighboring area of this neighboring country and that it’s beneficial to participate in developing this area. I suppose that there is also the feeling of kinship involved: the Karelians are a minority in Karelia, but they exist.What do the Finnish people think of Karelia?There are several Karelias and perpectives to them.There is the Finnish Karelia in Finland. It’s a part of Finland and that’s it. Finnish people on the Finnish soil.There is the lost area, that still is some sort of a trauma in Finland. 400 000 Karelians were evacuated in the end of the war and practically no person stayed in the ceded area (Ladoga Karelia and Karelian Isthmus in the map below). Finland ceded the land, not the people. Those Karelians were inhabited in Finland, many of them are still alive and their offspring are still making trips to the area, searching for the locations of their grandparents’ homes.I read an article about a woman who went to search their family’s old house: her father wanted the stone in front of the house to become his tombstone in Finland:A task behind the borderAnni Valtonen went to look for her family's home in the handed over Karelia. Dad drew a map on squared paper and asked to look for a stone in front of the stairs as well. It would become his tombstone.”Sieltä ne tulevat pöpeliköstä, itku silmässä” – Tunnekuohu valtaa Karjalan juurimatkailijat, ja sen koki myös Anni Valtonen etsiessään suvun kotia ja isälle hautakiveäThere is the Karelia that never was a part of Finland. But Finland was a part of Russia between 1809–1917 and the border was open. People moved over the border and married and worked freely. (I suppose they had done that even before, but I don’t know how strict the border control was before 1809, in the Swedish period: I doubt it wasn’t very strict in the roadless forests. People lived their lives despite the borders.)On the other hand, religion separated people. The Finns regarded the orthodox Karelians as Russkie and the Karelians regarded the Lutheran Finns as Swedes. I don’t know how deep that was an the individual level but apparently those were the stereotypical images.Karelia has also a special significance to the Finnish identity. When the Finnish nationalism rose and was consciously built in the 1800s, the old oral tradition was collected all over the country, but particularly in Karelia, where it was best maintained. The FInnish national epic Kalevala (that many call the Finnish-Karelian epic) is based on the poems collected mostly from Karelia. It was an important epic that formed the Finnish identity for many generations and I think that that many Finns find Karelians as just another Finnish people, even though the Russian Karelians may have a second opinion on that. Karelia became a sort of romanticized source or refuge of the “original Finnishness”.Karelianism - WikipediaSo, there are many Karelias and that gives many opportunities for Finland to “think of Karelia” and the question is too complicated to answer simply here. These are my personal thoughts, not an official opinion :-)File:Many Karelias.png / Karelia - Wikipedia

Well, if I could only pass one (assuming it's not an omnibus bill) it would be for some form of basic or guaranteed annual income. I'd actually solicit input from all parties and actually consider that input too. I think this is where principled conservatives could really help, if they want to (and not just sabotage the bill). It would be a large bill and would require negotiation from the provinces, because I'd like this to re-organize the social safety net to improve it (not dismantle it). The new program would integrate MOST existing programs such as OAS, GIS, EI, RRSPs, TFSAs, RESPs, working tax credit, child tax credit, tax credits for education, welfare, federal transfers for health and social programs, and so on.If I went for an omnibus bill (and I probably would, rather than ask the genie for more wishes), I'd also tack on:national pharmacare (start with catastrophic and work from there)national dental (essential and limited preventative, no cosmetic)national short- and long-term disability insurance (integrated with guaranteed income)closing tax loopholes (subsidize profitable industries like oil? why?)end subsidies to profitable industries (e.g. oil and gas)restore and advance direct spending on public R&Drestore the long form censusemphasize public financing for elections and de-emphasize individual contributionsset limits on 3rd party election spending and ensure there's an enforcement mechanism for thatchange the house of commons to a preferential ballot (probably not possible without constitutional change, I'm way over my head here)organize a 1 or 2 year program of public service for 18-19 year olds (high school grads) which would provide training and work experience in first-responder activities, e.g. fire, police, EMT, some social work, emergency logistics, etc. I probably wouldn't make this compulsory, but there would be a big incentive for participating plus a big penalty for not participating. The point is to have a large amount of citizens trained and ready, and resistant to panic in the face of unexpected emergencies.create a carbon tax (rather than cap-n-trade or further regulations)restore funding to the CBCI'd also like to have provincial premier appoint senators for their provinces. To make a law I think would require a constitutional amendment, but if I were PM I could just ask a premier for their choice and appoint the chosen person myself.EDIT: more specifics on health ins stuff.

It all started with the advent of writing. With writing came record-keeping and records, accountability and accounting, and contracts.If you struck a deal with someone, made a promise, or owed a debt for example, without writing parties to that deal would have to rely on memory. And trust.Margaret Atwood spoke about this eloquently in, Payback[1], a collection of essays that she wrote for the CBC Massey Lectures in 2008.Blockchain, its structure, rules, and protocols, challenges writing, audit trails, and contracts, three things that are near and dear to my heart. Each block on the blockchain is like post-it note and a blockchain like a daisy chain of post-it notes. Written on each note is a little memory of who made what deal or promise to someone else. Except everyone who has ever made a deal or promise or written on a post-it note can remain a stranger to everyone else and every single participant has a copy of the daisy chain. Blockchain writes, remembers, and distributes all of those promises and past exchanges of value.Other than minting and exchanging currency or other banking transactions, any promise or exchange of value that requires memory, trust, contracts, and audit trails could, one could imagine, apply the structure, rules, and protocols of blockchain.I have been solicited about some really strange applications of blockchain. One that stood out was some form of social network that aimed to map one’s interpersonal connections onto blockchain and magically signal who you could trust. What it was actually doing was recording every single interaction (imagine every handshake, meeting, or LinkedIn connection request <gasp>) on a blockchain, but wasn’t solving the challenge of determining trust, measuring trustworthiness, nor improving interpersonal connections.Whilst blockchain might free us from paper, pencils, and long-form contracts in legalese for simple trades, it hasn’t shown us the way to measure hard things to measure. For that, we don’t need technology. We need imagination, creativity, and trust.Trading currency is one of the simplest applications of blockchain. Currency itself is a divisible, tradeable promise to pay. I listened to this Planet Money podcast[2] the other day, which featured cows as currency. The South Sudanese had their own version of hashing - unique markings on the horns of their bulls and decorations in their beards that let them know whose cow was whose. Similarly, the monetary system of Yap, which is mentioned in Quartz’ Future of Money[3] mini-doc, relies on an oral history of ownership.[4]We have many other alternative currencies and promises to pay around us - well before the development of cryptocurrencies. Think loyalty rewards, frequent flyer points, Canadian Tire money, and store credit at consignment shops. The value on your Starbucks card could reside on a blockchain. Questions are, should it and do we really need it to be?Thanks for asking Tuan Le, Shagun Mistry, Pedro Henrique Veloso et al.Answered while musing (and taking questions) about “an impact investor’s view of blockchain”.Footnotes[1] The 2008 CBC Massey Lectures, "Payback: Debt and the Shadow Side of Wealth"[2] Episode 805: War And Peace And Cows[3] Why ancient stones explain the future of bitcoin[4] Rai stones - Wikipedia