A Sample Letter Ruling: Fill & Download for Free

Dear Moman Pruiett,I am hereby requesting that you promptly return my file to me pursuant to Rules of Professional Conduct ________ as you are no longer representing me in this matter. Unless I hear otherwise, I will come to your office at 4:00 p.m. this Thursday, which should give you sufficient time to make the file available to me. Regards, Thomas Gore

Being related means having a common ancestor. So let’s see.You might be familiar with the game called Chinese Whispers. It’s when you make up a sentence, whisper it to your buddy who then whispers what he’s heard to his buddy, and his buddy does the same so the sentence keeps passing from person to person. And in the end of the game, the last player in the chain ends up with a sentence that is different from the one that you made up.I’m going to use digit sequences instead of sentences though to illustrate my answer. Here’s a sample game:Since people have imperfect memory and hearing, the digit sequence can change as it passes from player to player. The possible changes include:Deletions (a player just forgets about a digit)Insertions (a player accidentally inserts an extra digit)Substitutions (a player mistakes a digit for another)Swaps (a player swaps two digits places)Duplications (a player accidentally repeats the same digit twice)You can try playing it with friends — see how it works.Now a question: If the game went on and on, what digit sequences would it be possible to produce out of the original sequence?And the answer is: Any digit sequence.Is 54731897 derivable from 54231367? Absolutely.Is 6662295 derivable from 238431085? Sure.You can get any number in the world out of any other number through deletions, insertions and substitutions. This Chinese Whispers game is the ultimate number evolver.There are, however, sequences that can never evolve in this game. This one, for example, is clearly fake:This round is against the rules: there is no way you can get a word out of a digit sequence, when the rules were clear that only digits are allowed.Now let’s look at evolution of the human genetic code, which is a three-billion-long sequence of four “letters”. A sample fragment:AGTAATGCAATAGCTATTACCCAAG It is subject to mutations (aka mistakes), which include:Deletions (a letter falls out)Insertions (the cell machinery sticks an extra letter in)Substitutions (the cell machinery puts a wrong letter in)Duplications (a letter gets doubled)Basically, the same story as with numbers.Now let’s take a look at a chimp’s genome. Perhaps it’s somehow non-derivable from our DNA? Perhaps it includes some letters that are non-existent in our genetic code?But nope. Nope, nope, nope. It’s a sequence of the same four letters, only a slightly different sequence: around 98% of our DNA is the same, and the rest 2% is derivable through deletions, insertions and substitutions.So here’s an answer to your “how is it even possible”: Easily. There’s literally nothing that stops chimps and humans from coming from a common ancestor, or even chimps evolving into humans directly (that’s not how it happened, but still).But now you may wonder: “Okay, human genome is indeed derivable from chimp’s, but are we indeed related? After all, you said that chimps could evolve directly into humans, but then said that that’s not how it happened. So maybe our alleged common ancestor also never happened?”Well, proving that something has indeed happened is harder than proving that something could happen — but some detective work makes wonders.Compare the two games:Neither of the games breaks the rules. However, the second one, although theoretically possible, looks very unlikely — unless the players were high on something.If there were millions of players, then why not? But seven players, and such a drastic change — I think that the last player is just a bullshitter.But let’s be more specific: Why exactly do we doubt it, and why wouldn’t we doubt it if there were millions of players instead of seven?The answer: It all has to do with the expected rate of mistakes.In case of the first game, the final sequence is merely two deletions and one substitution away from the original one. In case of the second game, we are talking about dozens of changes — or even hundreds.Now, if we watched hundreds of games, we would’ve noticed that there’s certain rate at which mistakes are made. Many players don’t make mistakes. Some players make one mistake. Few players make two. And the average rate is around 0.5 mistakes per player.Given this rate, three mistakes fit well into seven-player-long chain. Hundred mistakes don’t, not even remotely. Hence the second game is fake.We could do the same math with human evolution. Firstly, we estimate the mutation rate in humans: just take a baby, read its genome, then read it again when she’s old, compare, and find out that the mutation rate is around 130 bases per generation.Using this rate, we can estimate that the human and chimp genomes converge at around 4–8 million years in the past.Now let’s take a look at the fossil record from that time — what a hell was going on back then? Maybe that’s when humans were still coexisting with dinosaurs?Or maybe that’s when the first vertebrates have just left water?But nope. Nope, nope, nope. The fossil record from those times is rich with primates that have intermediate human-chimp morphology. Ouranoithecus:Ardipithecus:Coincidence? Perhaps.There’s another way we can find out whether the players were cheating: we ask the intermediate players for their numbers, and see whether what they say fits into the whole picture:In the first game, we can witness the gradual transition and slow accumulation of change — evolution in action. But in the second case, there isn’t even a sign of those three 8’s: we were certain that the last player lied, but now we’re overcertain.So what’s the fossil record of human evolution like — the first game, or the second?I want to make this reveal as dramatic as possible — but I guess everyone already knows what’s gonna be the answer:We have hundreds of transition forms from an ape to a human — hundreds (!), and every one of them fits exactly where it should both in time and geography. It’s a neat, perfect line.Not only that, but we have the same chain of transition fossils for the entire animal kingdom: we’ve never found fossil rabbits from Cambrian, nor reptiles before first amphibians, nor modern humans from the age of dinosaurs. The biological evolution really is one big Chinese Whispers game. And it doesn’t cheat.So, the question comes down to these points:Chimps and humans absolutely and 100% can come from a common ancestor — and no natural law prevents it;There are many transitional fossils that come in perfect order and show transition;That transition chain perfectly matches the expected rate of genome change independently estimated by geneticists;There’s no better alternative anyway.

If you are sponsor, inviting parents or relatives to the US, certain documents are required of you -1. Affidavit of support formForm I-134, ( US visa sponsor form) . [Download the latest Affidavit of Support Form I-134]Note: How to fill form I-134?See instructions and guidelines to fill Form I-134: How to fill Affidavit of Support Form I-134See a sample filled Affidavit of Support Form I-134.2. Letter of InvitationLetter of Invitation addressed to visa applicants : for US visa(See a sample letter of invitation for visitor visa).3. Letter to US ConsulateLetter to US Consulate requesting that visa be granted to the person you are sponsoring. (See a sample letter to US consulate for visitor visa).4. Financial documents ( To demonstrate your financial ability as a sponsor)Bank statements : Latest two bank statements.Bank account verification letter to prove your bank account and bank balance (See a sample bank account verification letter for visitor visa).1 or 2 recent pay stub copies.Copy of a few recent income tax returns Or last few W2 forms.( If available).If you are self employed or business owner, copy of your personal tax return.5. Sponsor's residency status in USACopy of passport..Letter of employment (if the sponsor is an employee in USA). (See a sample letter : Employment verification letter).If you are a Visa holder Copies of your - Visa (H1/L1), H1 Approval Form (I-797), and I-94. (If visa has expired but has a renewed petition, a photocopy of the renewed petition.)If Green Card Holder: Copy of Green Card front and back.If US citizen: Copy of certificate of citizenship.6. For parents visiting their children in USA, the sponsoring child must also provide the following documents.Birth certificate of the sponsoring child. If birth certificate is not readliy available an affidavit may be helpful. See a Sample: Affidavit for Birth CertificateCopy of passport of the sponsoring child. Note:If you are sponsoring your in-laws, birth certificate and passport(all pages) copies are required for the child of the visa applicant, i.e. your spouse).FAQ for the Sponsor:1. As a sponsor, do I need to send documents directly to VFS or US Consulate? Or the applicant will carry the document to the consulate at the time of interview?As a sponsor you should send the documents to the applicant, and let applicant carry those to the consulate for the interview.2. Do I need to send separate I-134 form for each visitor?If persons applying for Visitor Visa are husband wife and their children you don't need to send separate forms.One from is sufficient and the same form will have space to provide their details. For example: if you are inviting your parents(Father and Mother) or your in laws (Father-in-laws and Mother-in- laws) just one form, is sufficient.3. How much minimum savings(Balance) should be good to show in my(sponsor) Bank Account?There is no official limit or set rules for a minimum balance requirement for your bank account. Any amount that can justify the overall cost involved to support the trip and your financial ability to take care of the expenses related to trip will do. People's experiences say that any amount over $5K to 10K$ should be good, More is good. Provide proof of funds for as much as possible.