This Unit Defines The Competency Required To Implement Components Of Systems Backup: Fill & Download for Free

What Is Cloud Computing?Cloud computing is quickly gaining a lot of ground in the current technological era. There are numerous merits that come from going in this direction. Large companies like Amazon and Google have taken their operations to the cloud already.In light of this, it is important to know what it entails and why it is the next big thing. Indeed, cloud computing is as a result of the evolution of the internet. Having said this, it is important to put your mind around this concept to really understand what it is. The following information gives you insightful facts about what cloud computing is and components thereof.The Definition of Cloud ComputingCloud computing is simply the assignment of a wide array of applications to a designated server that is outside your personal computer. This special server is able to hold all your software, hardware and any other applications that are necessary to run your company or business.In the cloud, companies are able to store vital data, access word processors remotely, use email services and the like. Complex database applications will also be accessed in the cloud. In other words, it can be defined as a one-stop shop for all your computing needs, without having to run heavy applications on your computer.There are specialized companies that have these servers and provide this service to both companies and individuals. Cloud computing comes with many benefits and the obvious one is convenience and efficiency. Cloud computing companies have invested heavily to make sure that they satisfy the needs of their esteemed clients. This concept is not complicated at all and most people have already used it, with or without their knowledge. For example, if you have an email account with Yahoo or Gmail, you are using cloud computing because their software is not on your computer.Cloud computing is definitely a revolution because it is helpful and easy to implement. With a web browser, clients can access their information and engage different applications without investing in expensive software or paying hefty license fees to use some web infrastructure. A cloud computing system or network is complex to say the least. However, the following is a simple breakdown of some of the top components to expect therein.The cloud computing system is made up of the front end and the back end. The front end is the interface that the client or the user will see when they are accessing information or data from the cloud. The back end is composed of various programs and applications which are stored in a dedicated server.Some clients can choose to get services of a private or public cloud. Some will go for a hybrid cloud. This basically means that they can access their data as per their own definitions to allow access to those who are permitted. There are certain vital protocols that the system follows to deliver the right results. Additionally, the software used in the cloud is special and it is referred to as middleware.Cloud computing is becoming more and more popular in society. The companies that provide this service must have essential systems that create backups in a bid to store or process data properly for clients. Being in the cloud is soon going to become a requirement for businesses who want to save money while retaining a seamless flow of work in their organizations.Advantages of CloudMoving to the cloud for any business is certainly bound to come with an array of merits. Cloud computing is after all becoming a mainstay of technology. Large companies have been able to achieve their goals by going in this direction.It is all about offloading and leaving the work to experts for a seamless flow of work and activity in your business. It is very clear that there are many benefits of using the cloud. This article gives you a detailed look into the top merits that you can look forward to.Tap into the Economies of ScaleThe cloud allows you to have more productivity even if you are working with few people. This is because the output is greatly increased. Additionally, it is a sure way to reduce wastage of resources because you only buy the service when you need it. This is unlike what companies used to do in the past, when they invested in expensive software and hardware even when they were not necessary. In the cloud, your cost per unit is bound to come down, making you enjoy the awesome economies of scale.Remove the Need for MaintenanceBecause you do not have to deal with any software or specialized hardware to accomplish your goals, there is no maintenance needed. This will further save your costs, enabling your business to make more money. However, for those who maintain hosted servers, maintenance cost will still be in the picture. The ideal situation is where the cloud service provider uses their own servers, eliminating this maintenance cost.Easy Access and a Global OutlookAs long as your workers have access to the internet, they can log into the cloud from anywhere in the world. This has made this technology versatile and has provided a new outlook that is international. In this regard, a business can further grow globally by ensuring that all workers are well connected to the cloud and that a lot of work is done. This global outlook for work infrastructure is valuable to say the least.Enhanced Project MonitoringSince you have access to all the projects going on in your business in the cloud, you can monitor work more effectively. This way, you will ensure that work cycles are effective and followed through. No matter where you are, you will be kept on top of your game, making business management and monitoring a very easy task. This has been seen to dramatically improve productivity.Reduction of Staff Training CostsSince the cloud systems are straightforward and easy to grasp, the need to train personnel is reduced greatly. With a reduced workforce, you will work with competent people and ensure productivity is kept high. The staff does not have to learn about software and hardware infrastructure, saving a lot of time as well.Data Is Backed UpIn the cloud, data is always backed up and there is no fear of any loss. Therefore, people can conduct their business with the knowledge that there is complete safety. Conventional systems do not guarantee backup unless expensive data recovery measures are enforced. With cloud services, you can put all your fears to rest.It is obvious that the list of benefits can go on and on. Most companies have realized the merits and they are using some form of cloud in their operations. It is worth going through all the merits so that you can make an informed decision about choosing to hire cloud services.Pls upvote if you like :-)

This content is part of the Essential Guide:Primer on DevOps roles and responsibilitiesIT automationIT automation is the use of instructions to create a repeated process that replaces an IT professional's manual work in data centers and cloud deployments. Software tools, frameworks and appliances conduct the tasks with minimum administrator intervention. The scope of IT automation ranges from single actions to discrete sequences and, ultimately, to an autonomous IT deployment that takes actions based on user behavior and other event triggers.PDF: The DevOps career skills you needIT as a whole is making a noticeable shift towards a DevOps culture. So what do skills do you need to keep yourself relevant in this new environment?Corporate E-mail Address:I agree to TechTarget’s Terms of Use, Privacy Policy, and the transfer of my information to the United States for processing to provide me with relevant information as described in our Privacy Policy.I agree to my information being processed by TechTarget and its Partners to contact me via phone, email, or other means regarding information relevant to my professional interests. I may unsubscribe at any time.IT automation is different from orchestration, but commonly, the terms are used together. Automation accomplishes a task repeatedly without human intervention. Orchestration is a broader concept wherein the user coordinates automated tasks into a cohesive process or workflow for IT and the business. For example, an IT administrator enables workload scaling with automated instance creation, operating system (OS) installs and storage provisioning. They orchestrate the automation tasks in a workflow with a specific order of operations for each task. Orchestration can also include permissions and roles enforcement, approval gates and more.How IT automation affects processesIT automation relies on software tools to define and conduct a prescribed series of detailed actions that are invoked manually or by an external trigger, such as a change in IT Capacity demand.IT automation replaces a series of actions and responses between an administrator and the IT environment. For example, an IT automation platform, such as Microsoft Windows Powershell, combines cmdlets, variables and other components into a script to mimic the series of commands and steps that an administrator would invoke one line at a time through the command-line interface (CLI) to provision a virtual machine (VM) or implement a backup process. A more complex IT automation outcome can be achieved by combining multiple scripts into a series. These limited-scope automation processes are most beneficial when they replace a task that an administrator has to perform frequently. Admins do not save much, if any, time by automating a rote action made once per month. Automating a rote action that occurs multiple times a day, however, significantly increases an administrator's time for other tasks that require decision-making and assessment skills.IT automation tools shift the focus from completing repetitive tasks to strategic efforts to match business needs.Enterprise-class IT infrastructure automation tools trigger actions in response to thresholds and other situational conditions in the IT environment. Advanced IT automation tools oversee the configuration of systems, software and other infrastructure components; recognize unauthorized or unexpected changes; and automatically take corrective actions. For example, if a workload stops responding, this triggers the automated steps to restart it on a different server that has available capacity to run it. When IT automation is set to enforce a desired state of configurations, the tool will detect changes in a server's configuration that are out of spec and restore it to the correct settings.IT automation pros and consIT automation's benefits include faster data center and cloud operations; reduced errors and variation from one implementation of a task to the next; and enhanced security and governance. However, an IT automation strategy must account for and eliminate errors; an automated error will proliferate much more quickly than a manual error. IT automation can also erroneously become a goal in and of itself, regardless of the return on investment from the initial setup work to time saved.Speed. IT operations requires a significant number of distinct tasks. An IT administrator can accomplish each task manually, but modern business demands place extraordinary pressure on IT staff to respond quickly to needs across large, complex infrastructures. Humans cannot provision and configure workloads in minutes and accomplish all of the individual routine tasks required, at any time of day. Automation frees administrators from time spent on routine tasks so that they can apply themselves to value-added projects for the business, such as IT infrastructure optimization and experimentation with promising new technologies and products.While automation saves time, it requires that admins carefully plan and research each task necessary for the intended workflow and then correctly translate those steps into the automation platform to achieve the desired end state. A company may appoint one or more IT automation managers, replacing or supplementing the role of IT administrators.Accuracy. An IT administrator is liable to make an error while typing in a CLI, choose the wrong configuration setting for a server, overlook a key step in a complex task or make other mistakes. Errors lead admins to take additional time to troubleshoot and repeat the work process to get it right. IT automation enables an IT professional to construct a proven, accurate sequence of operations that can be run countless times in exactly the same manner.While countless repetition without deviation is a benefit of IT automation, it can also be detrimental. Errors and oversights are easily codified into an automated process, which the automation tool will perform as quickly and efficiently as it does the correct steps. If the administrator automates a complex sequence of events and misses a key step or sets a variable incorrectly, that error is repeated ad nauseam until it is caught, remediated and rolled back. The 2010 flash crash of the United States stock market damaged global trade because of an automated computer system with a flawed algorithm. Test and vetting procedures must be part of an IT automation strategy.Intent. An automated system is not the same thing as an intelligent system; it only knows as much as the human that programmed it can distill into scripts and commands. For example, an email spam filter is an automated IT mechanism with the intent to filter out unwanted messages. Occasionally, valid email messages will end up in the spam folder, and unwanted spam email gets past the filter.Governance. Different IT administrators perform the same task in different ways, and even the same administrator handles a task differently from one time to the next. For corporate governance and regulatory compliance, an IT automation strategy demonstrates consistency in IT operations, regardless of the administrator on any given day.Flexibility. Processes change over time as the IT infrastructure grows and changes, and technologies and best practices evolve. Automated processes remain static until a person decides to change them. Organizations must have a set workflow to update and revalidate automation processes, including disciplined automation versioning that tracks how tasks change over time.Integration and interoperability. IT automation tools must be compatible with systems, software and other elements across potentially diverse IT environments. Ideally, an automation tool should integrate with higher-level orchestration tools to roll tasks together under governed workflows.Implementing IT automation does not guarantee results. No tool, framework or appliance assures that the IT organization will eliminate errors, improve security or enhance compliance. IT staff need competence and skill using IT automation tools to translate IT behaviors into concrete procedural steps. For example, to use PowerShell, IT staff must understand hundreds of cmdlets with proper syntax and command-line usage.Major IT automation vendorsIT automation products appear and evolve rapidly; each product has a specific focus and scope for IT and the business.Microsoft is a traditional IT vendor that supplies automation in products such as System Center 2016 Orchestrator and Service Manager, as well as PowerShell and PowerShell Desired State Configuration (DSC). Other automation vendors have more narrowly focused product lines. For example, CA Technologies offers Server Automation for tasks such as server provisioning and patching and OS configuration, as well as automation of storage and application components, client systems and other major enterprise specializations. A similar tool, BMC Software's BladeLogic Server Automation, includes preconfigured compliance policies for the Center for Internet Security (CIS), Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA), Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and other regulations. There are also countless emerging automation vendors in the software-defined infrastructure space, such as Chef, Puppet, SaltStack and HashiCorp. These DevOps IT automation tools support software development and deployment integrated with infrastructure configurations, sometimes called infrastructure as code (IAC). The automation capabilities are designed so that users can create and support consistent workflows from development to operations.The future of IT automationIT automation is hardly a new idea, but the technology is still in its formative stages. Even the most full-featured tools depend on an IT professional or team to develop and maintain discrete automation elements, such as scripts, templates, policies and workflows.IT automation will progress to act with greater intelligence and autonomy. IT automation platforms are likely to rely heavily on artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. For example, an automation tool can synthesize data on configurations, performance and other information across an IT deployment and process these inputs to discover a normal system operations benchmark, a deviation from which would trigger corrective actions. IT automation systems imbued with AI insights theoretically lessen the importance of deliberate, human-made automation rules, relying instead on autonomous choices guided by high-level business cost and compliance requirements.Process automation, robotic process automation and service automationIT automation is a broad term, often conflated or bound together with business task automation. An automated IT workflow can accomplish a strictly IT task, such as provisiosing additional storage to a VM, or a business task, such as creating a new user account on the corporate email system.Source: What is IT automation? - Definition from WhatIs.comAutomation

Disclaimer: I’m Indonesian. I just started studying about security studies in last two years. This is just my 2 cent. Please correct me if there are some wrong fact.DefinitionDefense policy in my opinion is part of bigger national security policy who included Police force, Intelligence, Counter-terrorism, Maritime security, Cyber Security, Aviation Security, Transnational crime, disaster management, search and rescue, VIP security service, and not-so-new-concept human security (UNDP 1994 concept / Human security - Wikipedia).We can classified some topics of defense policy. I don’t want to discuss ongoing war/conflict/peace process (and analysis the actor like state/non-state or like terrorist/insurgence) in another area of the world (because that’s what they do usually in defense policy analysis) So in this writing, I just discussed 2 group issues domestically:Military posture (Force Structure, Capability, Deployment) including issues like military professionalism, doctrine, territorial force, alutsista (weapon system), defense industry, defense planning & budget, reserve command, veteran issues,Geopolitics / Strategic Environment (Balance Power, Counter Balancing Interest, Risk Assessment) including some issues like war and peace, maritime security, military strategy, military cooperation, doctrine about war, military deterrence. Sometimes, defense policy is intersect with Foreign Policy.Policy MakingIn policy making, there are hierarchy of law/regulation in defense policy.In strategic level there are Law 3/2002 (State Defense), Law 34/2004 (TNI), Law 16/2012 (Defense Industry), Law 15/2012 (Veteran of Republic of Indonesia), Law 56/1999 (Trained People), Law 27/1997 (Mobilization and Demobilization), Emergency Law 23 Prp/1959 (State of Emergency). In operational law there are Law 25/2014 (Military Discipline Law), Law 31/1997 (Military Courts), Books of Military Penal Law (KUHPMiliter), etc. Supposedly there are three more bill, such as Reserve Component Law (RUU Komponen Cadangan), National Security law (RUU Kamnas) and State Secret law (RUU Rahasia Negara), but because there are concern about human right abuses from NGO and academician at that time (until now) the progress has been stalled in parliament since 1999 until now.General policy about defense is generally defined by elected President at RPJMN (National Development 5-years Plan) and explicitly defined at President Regulation about General policy in defense for 5 years (Perpres Kebijakan Umum Pertahanan). All of that will implemented at Minister of Defense regulation about state defense implementation (Permenhan Penyelenggaran Pertahanan Negara) (for 5 years) and Defense White Paper (there are 2003, 2008, 2015 version) and will detailed at Minister of Defense regulation about defense policy at year X (Permenhan Kebijakan Pertahanan Negara tahun X). Budget, program, technology procurement will followed under that regulation. TNI then implemented government policy about defense into operational day-to-day basis.In organization and authority. Ministry of Defense (Kemhan) hold the authority to create defense policy and administration, not the TNI. TNI only followed regulation from Kemhan and order from commander-in-chief (President). President the only one who has authority to use of force, using TNI Commander. Chief of Staff (of Army, Navy, and Air Forces) have roles in preparing, developing and training the forces. Ministry of Defense has the authority to allocated the budget to TNI HQ and each Army, Navy, and Air Forces HQ.Why?In New Order, Commander of Armed Forces is also automatically Minister of Defense and Security. So he lead the Armed Forces (ABRI, at that time) also the civilian bureaucracy at Department of Defense and Security (Dephankam, at that time, now Kemhan). Because after reformation, aspiration from society is civil supremacy, remove dwi-fungsi and good governance (including split policy-making function, operational function and supervision function, and splitting Polri from ABRI) so Minister of Defense and Commander of TNI (not ABRI anymore) must be two different people. Also Minister of Defense also must be civilian and not ranking member/dual hatted with Commander.You can compare it with National Police, where TNI-Defense Ministry has doing a good job in governance, read my other answer here Someone anonymous's answer to How much power does the Indonesian National Police chief have?BackgroundDefense policy created by analyze our country position, characteristics and analyze threat to our country. If we want to use traditional approach (military aggression), threat to Indonesia mostly nothing. No other country want to invade us militarily, we have good cooperation to all country including to some “controversial country” like Iran or North Korea. Hm maybe not Israel. We also don’t have active war like US or in the Middle East. We also don’t have military bases overseas. So approach to our defense policy is different than the other country.But in Indonesia Defense Policy White Paper 2015 some of our concern:Strategic Regional Issues: China race with US (in economic, military, etc), US Policy to “rebalancing” Asia, South China Sea conflict, Border issues with ASEAN Country,Global Issues: Regional Conflict Issues like Middle East, Africa, Proxy war, Weapon of Mass Destruction, Global Terrorism, Spying, Transnational Crime, Cyber Crime,Non military issues: Climate Change & Natural Disaster, Food Security, Water Security and Energy Security, Health EpidemicNational Issues: Ideological, democratic building process, Impact of globalization (Global trade, Culture degradation), Domestic security (Separatism, Social Conflict)The RealityBut in mainstream media, what we found more in discussion is:Weapon System accident - which bad news, tears, and blame is a good news. Zero accident policy, increasing maintenance budget, good governance in military procurement (not only receiving gift/hibah from other country Dilema belanja senjata: baru, bekas atau rekondisi? / Komisi I DPR Minta Kemenhan tak Beli Alutsista Bekas | Republika Online / TNI Tidak Kapok Beli Hercules Bekas / Panglima Tegaskan Indonesia Tak Lagi Mau Terima Hibah Alutsista), parliamentary supervising, was neededBela Negara - I don’t said that this is bad policy. The reason is good Menhan Ungkap Alasan Pentingnya Kesadaran Bela Negara. UUD has mandated this also. Our doctrine system is also Sishanrata (Sistem pertahanan semesta - All out war). But creating draft/conscription-alike without legal policy at least at UU level (not only in Defense Minister Regulation/Permenhan) have tendency to abuse Human Right (you have right to choose) Program Bela Negara berpotensi Langgar HAM and tend to new order militarization or created new “preman” group like Pamswakarsa and Pemuda Pancasila to become paramilitary all-over-again (remember Latih FPI Bela Negara, Dandim Lebak Dicopot / Latih FPI Bela Negara, Menhan Akan Teliti Pencopotan Dandim Lebak / Kasus FPI latihan bela negara 'akibat ketidakjelasan konsep') I think this is an temporary win-win policy when the other solution (reserve component) and its legislative process (RUU) has been stalled since reformation (RUU Komponen Cadangan Sipil Dilatih Militer: dari Komponen Cadangan ke Bela Negara RUU Komponen Cadangan Terlalu Dipaksakan / RUU KOMPONEN CADANGAN PERTAHANAN NEGARA : Dilema Legislasi dan Kebutuhan Pertahanan ).Proxy war “campaign” Panglima TNI: "Proxy War" Mengancam Indonesia, maybe good that we building our security awareness, but it seems like have “tendency” to create scapegoat and conspiracy Politisi PDI-P Curigai Gatot Nurmantyo soal Pernyataan "Proxy War" / Jenderal Gatot dan Imajinasi Proxy War / Menhan Nilai LGBT Bagian dari "Proxy War" yang Harus Diwaspadai / Panglima TNI: Proxy War paling berbahaya adalah Narkoba / Panglima TNI ungkit Australia aktor proxy war lepasnya Timor Timur and lately it tends to create campaign material for one specific General political interest by “socializing” Proxy War to media, and “lecturing” every college/universityTNI involvement in Food security (Ketahanan Pangan), so they said TNI must help farmer to help government policy. Part of TNI reform recommendation is we have to dissolute territorial forces (Kodam, Korem, Koramil, Babinsa) Mestinya sudah tidak ada Babinsa because they are easily to sway politics in grass roots for President/ruling political party interest (remember this, fresh 2014 Babinsa arahkan hasil Pilpres 2014: Ini Komentar Kubu Prabowo, Jokowi, dan TNI AD / Panglima TNI : kasus Babinsa tidak terstruktur dan tidak sistematis / PILPRES 2014 : Dianggap Tak Netral, Babinsa dan Danramil Dihukum ) or right now, some of General political interest. Instead of Babinsa help farmer (which they don’t have the competency), we should allocate more budget to farmer facilitator more professionally. Mempertanyakan Pelibatan TNI Mengurusi Pangan For all sources that I follow, it seems that this is only General Gatot initiative only, not official strategic policy. Strategic policy like TNI mobilization/national resilience to some cause is should be the domain of President, Minstry of Defense, National Security Council (Wantannas) not TNI level. Jokowi must instructing the military that this program was not the TNI core competency.PKI and Communism ._. ah f for this one.Tendency for TNI to get back to practical politics and security policy (which is Polri and Defense Minister part). Dilatih Mahal Kok Cuma Jadi Tukang Parkir Example: TNI involved in counter-terrorism (TNI right now, legally could, but must 1) under political decision (President) 2) under command (BKO) from Polri, which they have ‘gengsi’ and of course, they want the counter-terrorism budget too) 3) they have different competency, doctrine (kill or to be killed), and paradigm (warfare vs law enforcement, human right) Kapolri: TNI Rentan Abuse of Power jika Diberi Peran Antiteror, General Gatot ask for political right for TNI in Election, his decision to break-up with Australia without consulting first with Foreign Minister and Defense Minister (because strategic military cooperation and bilateral relationship is not TNI domain) Who's the Indonesian army chief suspending military cooperation with Australia? / Apakah keberatan TNI terhadap materi pengajaran di Australia berlebihan? and many General Gatot ‘alleged’ political maneuver Panglima TNI yang Penuh Kontroversi dan Reformasi KeamananAbout TNI involvement in domestic political affair and civilian leadership and also about Non-War Military Operation (OMSP), read my other remarks here Someone anonymous's answer to Do Indonesia military still play huge influential role in the domestic affairs of Indonesia after the downfall of Suharto?What should we discuss more in public:At Strategic Level (Defense Ministry and Foreign Ministry domain or maybe at Coordinating Ministry of Political, Legal and Security -Kemenkopolhukam)Minimum Essential Forces. SBY created this policy in last period (from 2007) and create phase to building and modernize our defense forces (until 2024). We should talk more about technological innovation in defense sector like Unmanned submarine project a test of Indonesia’s technological depth / KFX/IFX: South Korea and Indonesia’s Stealth Fighter including also deterrence effect to our neighbors and other player out there Incar Teknologi Jet Tempur, Indonesia Hendak Beri Efek Gentar/ TNI AL: Skuadron 100 Jadi Efek Gentar Bagi Penyusup RI/ Shukoi Su-35 Diharapkan Dapat Beri Efek Gentar Tinggi / Postur Pertahanan Berdaya Gentar Tinggi Indonesia 2017/ what should we discuss more as public are, is it enough? is it align with our threat analysis? is it stick to plan (MEF Phase 2?) are we proud with only “Minimum” (remember M words of MEF) requirement? Can our domestic strategic industry handle it or do we got the technology transfer process from that procurement? Pengelolaan Industri Strategis Indonesia - Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas how much the budget? is it reused technology (hibah) or new? are the process is transparent and there are no corruption or kickback or no other motives? (remember Rolls Royce cases to bribe Garuda chairman?) are there any alternative? are we really need that? (need-driven-analysis) Are foreign country/private industries directed our defense policy by selling/give their weapon? (supplier-driven-factors) etc. In US and developed country, public called topics like this as “Military Industrial Complex” Maybe in Indonesia, we won’t reach that complex phase like US (directed the policy), but more concerned problem are “broker/calo/makelar” or intermediate people who have interest (procurement corruption). We have some cases here Siasat Dagang Makelar Senjata / Jokowi Larang Pengadaan Senjata TNI Lewat Broker / Jokowi Tekankan Kerja Sama "G to G" untuk Hindari Korupsi Alutsista and there you are here’s our champion (at 2015). Papa! Media Jepang Sebut Setya Novanto Ikut Lobi Pembelian Pesawat (here’s the original news Indonesia looks to buy US-2 amphibious aircraft from Japan in bid to show solidarity | The Japan Times) / TNI Bicara Soal Dugaan Lobi Pesawat Amfibi Jepang oleh Setya you see? although this is Setya Novanto we talk about, the issues were drown because defense issues are not sexy.Defense Budget. Talking MEF are not separated with defense budget. Defense budget in Indonesia is part of five organization (Defense Ministry, TNI HQ, and each Army, Navy, and Air Forces HQ) and allocated from Defense Ministry. Don’t forget also about our defense budget which doesn’t meet 2% GDP yet Anggaran Pertahanan Kecil, Sebuah Anomali Bagi Poros Maritim Dunia, even in 2014 and 2016 Jokowi cut the defense budget Luhut Sebut Penghematan Anggaran Juga Berdampak ke Pertahanan / Menkeu Potong APBN-P, DPR Tak Rela Anggaran Pertahanan Dipangkas, but we have to appreciate right now is on the right track Anggaran Kemhan Tahun 2017 Rp 108 Triliun, Tertinggi dalam 12 Tahun and don’t forget about transparency and corruption issues Kesejahteraan Prajurit dan Transparansi (which Agusta Westland AW101 Helicopter cases recently is only tip of the iceberg)Military deployment. In strategic level, there are something wrong with how (espescially Army) deploy its forces. Army focusing on Java, where the most populous people where, reserve command such as Kostrad is standby in Java and deployed elsewhere whenever it needed backup. To change that, army dislocation policy still happening until now Pasukan TNI akan disebar ke luar Jawa. At 2015, Wiranto (at that time, He is not the minister, yet) vocal about this issue too Kaji Ulang Gelar Pasukan TNI (read the history behind it) / After he joined the cabinet (again), President instructed Defense Ministry and Armed Forces to study about Wiranto proposal Paradigma Baru Gelar Pasukan, Presiden Jokowi Beri Waktu 1 Bulan Panglima TNI Lakukan Pendalaman/Country Border and Outer Island. There are two problem. One is dispute between neighboring country In foreign policy perspective. It is so hard Penyelesaian Batas Maritim Indonesia: Kenapa Sulit? / In term of military deployment, we have problem about hiring freeze/zero growth recruitment and lack of force in our border Jokowi Minta Pasukan TNI di Perbatasan Ditambah. Creating military installation in our outer island is a challenge too / TNI AU Siap Gelar Kekuatan di Pulau Terluar / TNI akan bangun pangkalan militer terpadu di Natuna / Setelah Natuna, TNI Bangun Pangkalan Militer di Morotai, and our legal policy is late (We just have Ministry of Fishery and Maritime Issues since Gusdur (2000), and Law 27/2007 about Coastal and Outer Island Management since 2007 (and its revision at 2014) and Law 43/2008 about State Territorial since 2008 (which regulated border management and governance, and Law 34/2014 about Maritime which regulated maritime management and governance), meanwhile problem will always arising/ Cegah Masuknya Militan ISIS, TNI dan Polri Perketat Pengamanan Perbatasan / Australia terobos perairan IndonesiaPapua. Yes I know that is a controversial issue and needed new thread only to discussed about this one. In my opinion, demilitarization and openness in Papua is needed with proportionally (Disclaimer: My stand is Papua is integral part of NKRI, final. But you have to open more dialog instead of massive military and paramilitary ‘brimob’ deployment to Papua Pemerintah Diminta Kaji Ulang Pelibatan TNI di Konflik Papua / DPR Papua tolak rencana pangkalan militer di Biak , you can’t just simplify “our President right now advance development in Papua” “nah, it just Jokowi opposition throwing issues near 2019” or showing Trans Papua development, etc ONLY but you have to find solution too about historical/political conflict in 1969 Referendum Pepera and Human Right abuse reconciliation Tim Terpadu Rekomendasikan Penyelesaian 11 Kasus HAM di Papua, it is the core of problem and solving it will have permanent effect. Just like 1965 historical crisis (my stand Someone anonymous's answer to Do you believe that the 30 September Movement 1965 was initiated by PKI (Indonesian Communist Party)?), it’s hard, So right now Central Government under Jokowi, like many other previous administration (Cases of SBY, Megawati, and Gusdur Traktat Lombok yang meredam separatisme Papua) is just sweeping the problem under the rug “meredam masalah” changing attention and direct agenda setting, and seems to simplify to only economical and election problem Upaya Pemerintah Selesaikan Konflik di Papua Dinilai Belum Sentuh Akar Masalah / Redam Kelompok Separatis, Sejumlah Tokoh di Papua Diajak Dialog). Aceh cases handling with GAM is the good example to follow.United Nation Peacekeeping force. We have to appreciate that the number of peacekeeping forces is good since then. The question left are our current deployment aligned with our foreign policy? What is the evaluation? Is it enough to our contribution to peace-making to the world?Regional Security Architecture (ASEAN Marty Natalegawa says ASEAN at risk of being 'torn apart', as China gains upper hand / Is Jokowi Turning His Back on ASEAN? / How should Indonesia engage a hegemonic China?: The Jakarta Post, IORA, SCS issues (later discussed), FDA issues, USA-Asia re-balancing strategy (the latest, U.S. Marines arrive in Darwin for Australia, China exercises / Can the U.S. Pivot Back to Asia?), Asia Pacific security issues like North Korea and now look how China right now shape our Asia Pacific What Does China's 'New Asian Security Concept' Mean for the US? / ‘One Belt and One Road’: Connecting China and the world). We should keep SBY policy “Thousands Friends, Zero Enemy” legacy (Jokowi Signals Break With 'Thousand Friends' Foreign Policy / Insight: Jokowi's foreign policy: Assertive or nationalistic?/ read this as comparison Indonesia: “A Thousand Friends,” But No BFF) and Marty Natalegawa (Former Foreign Minister of SBY) “dynamic equilibrium” concept (Dynamic Equilibrium: Indonesia’s Blueprint for a 21st Century Asia Pacific / Telaah Doktrin Natalegawa “Dynamic Equilibrium” terhadap Kepentingan Ekonomi Indonesia: Studi Kasus Keketuaan Indonesia di ASEAN tahun 2011/ Indonesia’s foreign relations: policy shaped by the ideal of ‘dynamic equilibrium’ ) to involve in many (at least, regional) issues like nuclear crisis in Korean peninsula RI-ASEAN siap jadi negosiator krisis nuklir Korea Utara/ (which Indonesia has good relation with both of country). / Indonesia, South Korea Upgrade Strategic Partnership and the latest Myanmar-Rakhine crisis Rohingya Crisis: A Major Threat to Myanmar Transition and Regional Stability (I appreciate FM Retno Marsudi moves)Continuing Security Sector Reform (SSR) - such as regulate intelligence reform (Example: BAIS should in Defense Ministry level, not TNI. TNI only need tactical and warfare intelligence (intel tempur, only at Asintel & Kotama level), not strategic intelligence like BAIS (which contain also strategic issues analysis -which is domain of Ministry- and it has Defense Attache). The issue was pop up in public discussion two years ago when Ryamizard Ryacudu propose to create defense intelligence agency (like DIA in US DoD, not under Chief of Staff) Imparsial: Lebih Baik BAIS di Bawah Kemhan Dibanding Buat Lembaga Intelijen Baru / Badan Intelijen Strategis TNI dan Kemhan Putus Hubungan , another one is interception law Mendamaikan Pengaturan Hukum Penyadapan di Indonesia / Penyadapan oleh KPK, Polri, dan Kejaksaan Dapat Melanggar Hak Privasi (which is a mandate from Constitutional Court since 2010) should be discussed in parliament immediately/but not until now) another one is highly controversial National Security Law Draft (which has discussed since 2005 and keep stalled in parliament until now). National Security Law must include policy about state of emergency (because our current law last updated in 1959 / Perjalanan RUU PKB: Fenomena RUU Paling Berdarah dalam Sejarah Indonesia / Pemerintah Tunda UU PKB, Usulkan RUU Keadaan Darurat / 25 LSM Tolak Pemberlakuan UU PKB, and still being used in Aceh martial law 2004 which causing many human right abuses / Darurat Militer, Nestapa Rakyat Aceh / Refleksi 13 tahun Darurat Militer Aceh ) how TNI being deployed to help Police force in term of domestic security (tugas perbantuan Kompolnas: Perlu UU Perbantuan untuk Pelibatan TNI Tangani Terorisme / Indonesia Butuh RUU Tugas Perbantuan Dibanding RUU Kamnas / Sipil memaksa militer menjadi pemimpin | merdeka.com / Wewenang Polisi Dipereteli / Indonesia satu-satunya negara tanpa UU Keamanan Nasional ) and how to make National Security Council more efficient and useful (have authority, at least Perkuat Bela Negara, Wiranto Ubah Fungsi Wantannas / Menhan: Bela Negara Bukan Tugas Wantanas / Cegah Tumpang Tindih, Bela Negara Akan Diurus Wantannas / Laksda TNI (Purn) Christina M Rantetana: Dekin Layaknya Wantanas, Kenapa mau Dibubarkan?).Maritime Security. Maritime security is not about illegal unreported, unregulated fishing ONLY, but we have to appreciate Minister Susi Pudjiastuti move, although it is not the strategic problem compare to the other one (although in this case we have to discuss more objective about the substance in this statement Komisioner Komnas HAM Sindir Menteri Susi: Orang Bodoh Juga Bisa Tenggelamkan Kapal not the statement “Stupid” it self).South China Sea. High tension in our front-yard (read this report Countering-Coercion Asia) / Counter-Coercion Series: China-Vietnam Oil Rig Standoff | Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative / Chinese carrier enters South China Sea amid renewed tension / China installs weapons systems on artificial islands: U.S. think tank / A Freedom of Navigation Primer for the Spratly Islands | Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative / Freedom of Navigation Operations in the South China Sea Aren't Enough Jokowi seems doesn’t have a plan (we can’t understand of his policy/statement about this issues) or maybe doesn’t care about South China Sea Indonesia South China Sea: Going it Alone / The main actor in foreign policy: Is he interested? . All only we have is gesture and show off when he boarding at Natuna in KRI (read my stands against 9 dash line here Someone anonymous's answer to Will Indonesia lose its neutrality on South China Sea after the rising tension in Natuna island? / Someone anonymous's answer to Would USA take such similar aggressive action against Indonesia if they have bitter dispute with Philippine or Vietnam?). We have also to talk about ASEAN failure to reach agreement and issue joint communique about SCS (when China dominance over ASEAN country economy (including Indonesia) break the ASEAN unity about that issues). Sudah Tak Satu Suara, Indonesia Disarankan Keluar dari ASEANSectoral Ego. Don’t forget about ego conflict between civilian agency in maritime security (Bakamla under President, KPLP/Coast Guard under Transporation Ministry, Marine Police (Polair) under Polri/National Police, Fishery Surveillance Ship under KKP/Fishery Ministry, and don’t forget the other agency like Custom and Excise (Ditjen Bea Cukai), Search and Resque Agency (Basarnas) and Immigration (Ditjen Imigrasi) which each of one has its own patrol ship) Tumpang Tindih Aturan Penegakan Hukum Maritim / Mantan Kabais TNI: Bakamla Bertentangan dengan Visi Jokowi / another perspective Syahrin Abdurrahman: Tidak Ada Tumpang Tindih Kewenangan Menjaga Laut / Ide Jonan Membentuk Ditjen Penjagaan Laut & Pantai Dikritik.Projecting Power. Jokowi also doesn’t seem to know how to project our Navy and Air Forces (is it green water Navy? brown water Navy? blue water Navy? ‘Blue-Water’ Navies in the Indian Ocean Region / Indonesia Harus Miliki "Blue Water Navy" / KASAL: Indonesia butuh Green Water Navy and the air force power Jelang HUT TNI AU, Poros Maritim Dunia Jokowi Dipertanyakan ). For instance, choosing Army (again!), breaking the rotation tradition, instead of Navy/Air Forces in 2015 when choosing TNI Commander What Does Indonesia’s New Military Chief Pick Mean? . For comparison, look at this one Chinese Power Projection Capabilities in the South China Sea | Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative or you can read this one at China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities—Background and Issues for CongressGlobal Maritime Fulcrum. Many critics from security academician and think tank about Global Maritime Fulcrum (Poros Maritim Dunia, Jokowi launches maritime doctrine to the world) is only a domestic campaign slogan but doesn’t have its implementation in Navy projecting power/only inward looking Indonesia's Global Maritime Fulcrum: An Updated Archipelagic Outlook? / 3 Years Later, Where Is Indonesia's 'Global Maritime Fulcrum'? / Indonesia’s Global Maritime Fulcrum: Challenge and Trajectories Jokowi seems to not give enough attention about this many issues, instead focusing on economy only or bilateral trade Indonesia's Choice: Not the Indian Ocean, But Bilateralism / Indonesian Sea Policy: Accelerating Jokowi's Global Maritime Fulcrum? | Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative. Infrastructure and logistic is OK for maritime business (I appreciate the spirit from Jokowi) which has some critics like how about this one? Luhut Bebaskan Asing Beri Nama 4.000 Pulau di Indonesia. But remember that with growing economy from shipment and trading, strong Navy and air forces is needed.Cyber Security coordination. Indonesia right now is a top cyber attack capital (as many attack originated from us) Indonesia Tops China as Cyber Attack Capital As I’m learning about this stuff and followed this issue closely, I’m really frustrated for slow progress that it needed 4 years, 2 president (which should be finish in SBY administration in last 2014, but Jokowi delay it again because his political promise to stop creating new agency), 3 times changes of Menkopolhukam (because He keep reshuffling this post every year) to finish National Cyber Agency. Sectoral ego (power grab between Kemhan, Kominfo, BIN, Polri, and TNI and Menkopolhukam) is the main reason….now finally we have National Cyber and Crypto Agency, which is formerly Deputy under Menkopolhukam, now it is an agency under the President, which formed after merger between ID-SIRTII Kominfo, Information Security Directorate Kominfo, and National Crypto Agency (Lemsaneg) (Perpres 53 2017), we have also newly created Cyber Intelligence Director at BIN (spin-off from Technology Intelligence Deputy BIN) (Perpres 73 2017) newly created Cyber Unit at TNI (spin-off from BAIS TNI) (Perpres 62 2016), and Cyber Crime Directorate (spin-off from Special Crime Directorate) at Bareskrim Polri (Perpres 5 2017), and Cyber Operation Center at Defense Ministry (since 2013, which its operational detail was classified information).At Tactical Level (TNI domain)Military professionalism, including not involve again in political interest/security policy. Increasing education, training, doctrine and day-to-day supervision. Including narcotics problem, wife/domestic abuses, and some soldiers criminal act.Personnel welfare, including in remote area. In the past, military is you can call it “makmur” because they have business, concession, cooperation, conglomeration, asset such as land ownership, network to businessman all over the country. You can call it financially independent. After Law 34/2004, business of TNI are being liquidated and TNI can only received money from official budget APBN. Let’s don’t forget that this was an issue and still an issue (until now? Bisnis Militer mencari legitimasi / ”Unkept Promise” Failure to End Military Business Activity in Indonesia ) For you who don’t understand, conflict of interest between businessman and TNI can become human right abuse, see this HRW report Too High a Price The Human Rights Cost of the Indonesian Military’s Economic Activities. After reformation, personnel welfare became an issue because TNI loses its core income and defense budget increasing progress is so slow. Although this is over and over becoming vision and mission while DPR conducted fit and proper test of next TNI Commander Ini Visi Misi Calon Panglima TNI / Capaian Panglima TNI Moeldoko Sejahterakan Prajuritnya , this issues always drown and doesn’t get enough attention than PKI and political issue Kesejahteraan Prajurit jadi Prioritas 2016/ Agar tak 'gelisah', penugasan anggota TNI di perbatasan 6 bulan / Profesionalisme TNI Tak Bisa Lepas dari Kesejahteraan don’t forget about this one “Penasihat bidang Kesejahteraan” Siapa Sebenarnya Tahir, Penasihat Panglima TNI yang Menuai Kontroversi? / Anggota DPR Minta Panglima TNI Jelaskan Pengangkatan Dato Sri Tahir / Tahir Jadi Penasihat TNI, Endriartono: Imbal Jasa / Kedekatan Panglima TNI dengan Bos Mayapada DikritikSocial Conflict. Continuing number 2 about TNI business and asset. Land ownership can create social conflict between TNI and people who live there. Legal problem especially land conflict is always complicated. Sometimes can tend to violence. But the critics is why TNI want to fight his own citizen? Bahaya Laten Sengketa Tanah TNI / Ini Status Tanah Penyebab Bentrok TNI AU dan Warga di Medan / Sengketa lahan Sari Rejo jadi pemicu konflik warga dan TNI AU and ugh about this one Menhan: Rakyat yang Berkonflik Tanah dengan TNI adalah Provokator. Besides lands conflict, sometimes when journalist want to report about this one or another events, it tends to violence and intimidation also. Root conflict usually about obstruction to report and seizure the camera Dewan Pers Kutuk Pemukulan Jurnalis oleh Oknum TNI / TNI didesak tindak tegas pelaku kekerasan terhadap wartawan / Panglima: TNI dan Jurnalis Sudah Berdamai / LBH Pers Kecam Tindakan Kekerasan TNI Terhadap Jurnalis / Dewan Pers: Ada Niat Buruk Jika Anggota TNI AU Halangi Wartawan Meliput. We have to know although TNI classified information (such as military strategy, tactic, special technique, military forces number, detailed version about the budget, intelligence, cryptography method, technology, inside military installation, etc) are protected by Information Public Law 14/2008, but in terms of public domain information, such as public policy, conflict with society, weapon accident, or criminal act, press are protected by Press Law 40/1999. Social conflict like this (violence) will always happen no matter who the commander are. So comprehensive review of doctrine and training will be needed, especially to Bintara level who live inside the society (although that Minister comment is an exception. haha).(Special cases) Papua security abuse. If deployment, the number of military and positioning is a strategic policy, after that its day-to-day operational which TNI domain sparks many critics not only in domestic but also foreign, since Suharto Indonesia: Violence And Political Impasse In Papua (until now, don’t close your eyes Orang Papua dan Orde Baru ala Jokowi / Menyoal Kondisi HAM Papua pada Era Presiden Jokowi / Setahun Jokowi, Komnas HAM: 700 Lebih Rakyat Papua Teraniaya / Komnas HAM Desak Jokowi Hentikan Kekerasan oleh Aparat di Papua Number of people arrested in Papua, along 2014, there are 150 people arrested, 540 people in 2015, and sparks until 2.628 peoples until 2016 July) So the demilitarization campaign in Papua is understandable because of this (is it acceptable? we question the motives later, but here’s the fact). The connection with number 2 before (Personnel Walfare) is this one, you can see it in Papua Miliaran Rupiah, Ini Isu Uang Keamanan Freeport untuk TNI dan Polri / Biaya Jutaan Dolar Mengamankan Freeport di PapuaSo, when our Commander talk (even to press) outside his authority and his domain competency, we have to criticize him. Because Minister who should talk much about strategic policy, not him. In day-to-day, or when we have active operation, that’s his domain. He just have to followed Minister’s policy and President instruction. Not show the “authority” like this one Panglima TNI: Atasan Saya Presiden, Bukan Menkopolhukam atau Menhan/ Posisi Panglima TNI yang Setara Menhan Dikhawatirkan Berdampak PolitisTo your questionWhen talk about defense, and TNI, we can classified Indonesian people into some group:Nationalist: “NKRI harga mati” “Ganyang PKI” “Ganyang Malaysia” ONLY for all question. If we said critiques to armed forces, they said we are traitor or spy. Average Indonesian join this group, Mostly they leave this policy talk to military only. They don’t want to talk details and I don’t blame them, they are only showing their proud to our TNI. Because defense studies is difficult to comprehend. Some purnawirawan classified into this group, maybe only in surface (to get political voters) or not I don’t know.Nationalist ‘hard-core’ or we can say-paranoid. They mostly “exaggerated” about proxy-war, they think Indonesia is the most vulnerable country, most strategic, most rich, most sexy, so other country want to invade us. Freeport, China, Syiah, Komunis, Kolonial, Neoliberal, Asing Aseng is their keyword. They also think, critics from some group to armed forces are effort from other country to “divide et empera” Indonesia again Pihak Asing Ingin Pecah Belah Indonesia dengan Isu Kegaduhan TNI, BIN, dan Polri? Ini Alasannya / Panglima TNI Anggap Ribut-ribut soal Senjata adalah "Proxy War". Pan-Nationalism, have tendency to fascist and racist, conspiracy lover (They tend to create unsupported-data analysis) “I have some A1 info…” (wheter it’s true or not). Some ‘crazy’ purnawirawan classified into this group.Weapon-Fan/Geeks Boy: They know everything about weapon, its series, its capability and many ‘lingo’ about weapon system. They compare Indonesian armed forces to other country armed forces capability. Some of they are also hobbyist and collector. They mostly can be found in online forum, in military sub-forum such Militer - Forum | KASKUS or website like JakartaGreater or Jurnal Maritim in comment section. Some people mostly undermined or trolling (“This is -name some alutsista- better than that” “For what they buying this stuff” “TNI is greater than country X blabla” which is favoritism and can’t get the right answer) or get into senseless debate with other group when other group talk about TNI. “They don’t know anything” “They just talk”Human Right activist: Indonesia armed forces history can’t be separated from human right abuse at New Order Era. So they mostly talk about armed force violence, torture, dwi-fungsi, martial courts, TNI business and TNI role in social politics. They advocated issues about TNI reform which big part of security sector reform (SSR), anti-militarization, civil-supremacy, military-politicization, etc. Some notable people/institution/NGO are: Al Araf (Imparsial), Munir, Haris Azhar Aziz(Kontras, because at Orde Baru, TNI often alleged being involved in activist/criminal kidnapping cases), etc.Intellectual: They are academician who have studied in field: National Security, International Relation, Strategic Studies, Geopolitics, Public Policy, Defense Studies, etc. In other country, there are many established, well funded think-tank who take special interest in defense policy like RAND Corporation, Center of Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), Brookings Institute (which sometimes their studies about Indonesia or foreign media are being called foreign agent interest here. haha). In Indonesia itself, some notable speaker is Connie Rahakundini Bakrie (UI), Prof. Salim Said (Unhan, specializing in military politics), Jaleswari Pramowardhani (LIPI, now part of President Deputy Chief of Staff), Susaningtyas Kertopati (UI, former Member of Parliament also, specializing in intelligence communication), Andi Widjajanto (UI, former Cabinet Secretary), Ikrar Nusa Bakti (LIPI, although recently he is known more as a political analyst, now Ambassador), Kusnanto Anggara (CSIS), Evan Laksmana (CSIS), Mufti Makaarim (Institute for Defence, Security, and Peace Studies (IDSPS)) etc. Some purnawirawan known as “Intellectual officer” like Rear Admiral (Ret.) Soleman Ponto (former Chief Military Intelligence BAIS), Gen. (Ret.) Moeldoko (former TNI Commander, he hold doctoral degree!), Lt. Gen. (Ret.) Agus Widjojo (later, Military Staff and Commando School of TNI Commander (Dansesko TNI), now, Lemhanas Governor), or SBY (later, Chief of Social-Politics of TNI, former President) (Agus Widjojo and SBY is some of key people in TNI reform in 1999 who propose “Paradigma Baru TNI”) Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono also classified into this one by pioneering Defense University (Unhan) establishment. Some of them (Intellectual) also included in Komisi I DPR-House of Parliament (which supervises Defense Ministry and TNI)Disclaimer:None of this were classified information and these are public information based on Law 14/2008 (you can find it at official website of Kemhan/TNI, books, papers, and national mainstream media/foreign news outlet)If you think my critics mostly to person like Jokowi, General Gatot Nurmantyo or General Ryamizard Ryacudu, yes it is my academic opinion. I’m not part of any political party, foreign country/NGO, ahokers, liberal, asing aseng, syiah, even PKI haha (response to Heboh Sambutan Panglima TNI yang Bikin Ahokers, Orang Liberal dan PKI Ketakutan), or people who scare that Gatot will became President (Elektabilitas Makin Kinclong, Kader PKI Serang dan Bully Jenderal Gatot) (for what? I don’t care either if he want to become President, it his right, but just do your job right now and stop talking and doing politics like TNI have to). I’m not attacking their personal. I’m just talking and reminding the mandate of our security sector reform of, and that person who happened to be our Military Commander and Defense Minister (coincidentally they are, now) and whoever our President is (currently it is Jokowi), should hold that commitment to reform as a nations since 1998. They are public official, so their policy/statement have to be open to receive input/critiques. My opinion is about defense policy and military in general (past administration will not forgotten) but right now, our current commander-in-chief is Jokowi. So give it a take.No matter what my critics to military/defense policy of Indonesia, there you are, I will said it. “NKRI harga mati” haha. I thanks and applaud TNI for their service to our sovereignty and our security. I proud of them, because lack of budget doesn’t stop their spirit Alutsista Minim, TNI AD Kawal Negara bermodal Semangat. I don’t want to discredit them, and made they are our public enemy. Don’t spin it. They just have to keep progressing with reform. They have to know with great power, comes great responsibility. This is part of my supports to them.