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Operation Fire FocusMilitary and diplomatic tension between Argentina and Great Britain in 1988. Due to the realization of a war exercise by the United Kingdom in our Falkland Islands. It was the largest Argentine military mobilization since the war. The main protagonists were electronic warfare aircraft and radar-equipped torpedo boats*Video:Configuration-Subtitles-Automatically Translate-EnglishELECTRONIC WARFARE GROUP OF THE ARGENTINE AIR FORCEThe discreet B-707-387C VR-21 with a color scheme more typical of a commercial airline than that of a spy plane. Behind the presidential plane B-757-23A T-01 (photo: Fernando Puppio)..This young unit of the FAA, completed its first 25 years of life in June 2009. It is physically located at the Aeroparque Military Air Base, bordering the Jorge Newbery Airport, while the aircraft they have reviewed there have their operational base in the I Air Brigade of El Palomar.Its main mission is to provide advice on the planning of air operations and keep the Electronic Order of Battle updated, which feeds the “operational libraries” of the self-defense teams of the O / A-4AR Fightinghawk, Mirage V Mara and RACA / Hughes 500D Wasp. This unit is also responsible for training the new "crows", since in its facilities the courses of Operational Electronic Warfare, Airborne INTEM Operator and Electronic Warfare Officer are taught to personnel whose specialty is Communications or Surveillance and Control of the Airspace, belonging to the Armed Forces of our country, and since 1995, also from abroad.Throughout its operational career, this group has had two platforms to carry out its missions, the first one a Boeing 707-387C (VR-21), and the recently incorporated Cessna 210 "Turbo Centurion" (VR-23 ). This unit has to its credit more than 300 reconnaissance missions carried out (exercises, exploration, reconnaissance and operational support) in which more than 2,000 flight hours have been recorded.The purpose of SIGINT Signal Intelligence (SIGnal INTelligence) is to search for the adversary's electromagnetic emissions to analyze, identify them and later prepare or update an Electronic Battle Order (OBE), the latter includes geographical positions, capabilities, scope and operating procedures. of the issuers.The previous concept has two subdivisions, ELINT (ELectronic INTelligence or Electronic Intelligence), which searches for radar and ECM (Electronic Counter Measures or Electronic Counter Measures) emissions, to analyze their characteristics and identify them. And COMINT (COMmunications INTelligence or Communications Intelligence) which is responsible for capturing the information from radio communications for subsequent analysis and decoding.FAS 240 PROGRAMAmong the lessons left by the Malvinas conflict, the need for a platform configured with electronic equipment that would allow it to carry out exploration missions and distant reconnaissance became evident. For this reason, the conversion of a Boeing 707 began to be analyzed to comply with these requirements, which finally materialized in the FAS (Air Force Systems) 240 program, which received the name of “SIGINT System”.The information available on this program is scarce, through an interesting article published in the edition corresponding to the January / February 1990 period of the Aero Espacio magazine, we learned of the realization of an exhibition that took place in the Círculo de la FAA, in order to present several of the FAS projects that until that moment were kept secret, among them was the 240. According to what this magazine reported, this program would have been carried out locally (design and integration of chips and panels that make up the different pieces of the system and software), except for the electronic instruments affected to the laboratories. It consisted of a "COMINT controller", developed from 1986 on, an "integrated COMINT station", and an "ELINT station".The VR-21 still operational and with a low visibility color scheme. The plane parked on the El Palomar platform on DEC 23, 1997 is adorned with national flags since that day the official presentation ceremony of the SdA A-4AR was held with the presence of the President of the Nation (photo: Fernando Puppio)The COMINT station would serve to carry out the automatic search for communications, to subsequently determine their frequencies, type of modulation and define the direction from which they come. In addition, there would be the storage capacity of these on magnetic tape for subsequent analysis on the ground.On the other hand, the ELINT station would be in charge of measuring, analyzing, processing, locating emitters (by triangulation) and presenting the radar signals captured through a "unidirectional parabolic antenna" in charge of exploring 360 °. This position would be under the command of a single operator responsible for the control of the electromagnetic situation of the different detected radar frequencies, which would be presented graphically through an "alphanumeric screen". This station would have the advantage of not having to resort to annotations since it would have the ability to record the information for later analysis.If necessary, this equipment could be complemented with the addition of more modules, which would be under the control of a single operator.Analyzing all this carefully we cannot help but notice the great similarities of these equipment, supposedly "Made in Argentina" with those that make up the SIGINT ELTA EL / L-8300 system of Israeli manufacture, which were actually mounted on the VR-21, which raises some doubts about the degree of national intervention in their development.The discreet original color configuration, airliner type, which allowed to conceal the functions of the plane (profile: Javier Ruberto)THE VR-21 IS BORNIt is not surprising that when selecting a platform to adopt this SIGINT system, the decision fell on a Boeing 707-387C, due to the great flexibility of these reliable aircraft that have a long and favorable track record in terms of employment in electronic intelligence missions, being able to support various configurations that cover a wide range of equipment designed for this purpose.One of the great advantages offered by these 707s lies in the large internal volume of the cabin. This allows it to be configured for both passenger and cargo transport, the latter is possible thanks to a wide portal located in the left front section of the fuselage, and a reinforced floor and landing gear, which makes it suitable when it comes to configure the aircraft with the heavy and bulky electronic equipment. To the physical space for these systems must be added the corresponding rest area and place to house operators and additional crew members in the case of long flights.Another point in favor is the great autonomy that this type of aircraft has, it should be noted that its Spanish counterpart, the B-707-351C TM.17-4 / 47-04, configured with a similar SIGINT system has a maximum autonomy of 1:00 p.m. Of flight.In our particular case, c / n19962 was selected as the platform, this aircraft was delivered by its manufacturer on December 10, 1968, in our country it received the registration LV-JGPWith which he served in Aerolineas Argentinas where he is baptized as "Achernar", name of the eighth brightest star in the night sky, belonging to the constellation of Eridanus. In January 1982 it was incorporated into the FAA inventory with registration number TC-93, becoming part first of Squadron II and from December of that same year to Squadron V of the I Air Brigade of El Palomar.The activity that the FAA fleet of Boeings would have developed immediately before the South Atlantic battle is more than interesting, there the TC-93 would have made at least three flights, all of them during March, to the city of Stanstedt, located at 70 km north of London, the first would have left on the 2nd from Orly, Paris to this British city, continuing the next day, already with “dangerous cargo” on board, to Gando, Spain. On the 8th he returned to England, this time from Brindisi, Italy, moving to Gando on the 10th. Finally, from Charles De Gaulle, Paris they moved to Stanstedt, where he would have been seen surrounded by vehicles of the British Royal Navy while loading supplies. military between the 24th and 25th, to fly this last day to Chateauroux-Deols, France.Although several sources agree that this aircraft was part of the conflict, we have not been able to find references to help us identify the missions it carried out during it. There are several versions that refer to the year in which the conversion of this aircraft with the SIGINT equipment was carried out by Elta Electronics, belonging to IAI (Israel Aircraft Industries), which cover a period between 1984 and 1987, the truth is that the aircraft Once modified, it arrived in our country at the end of 1984. During its stay in Israel, the usual paint scheme was preserved, although without any identifying mark, apparently it carried out its test flights with the 4X-AOV registration and some small Israeli cockades .The B-707-351C TM.17-4 / 47-04 of the 408 Spanish Air Force Squadron was developed under the so-called Santiago Project and has some similarities with the Argentine aircraft. This aircraft began operating in 1998 in COMINT, ELINT and OPINT functions. In the photo he is seen taking off from the Torrejón Air Base on 12OCT2010 (photo: José Luis Franco Laguna).THE TEAMSThe following is a general description of the system developed by Elta Electronic Industries Inc., although several of its capabilities coincide perfectly with those of the FAS 240 program, it is unknown if the VR-21 actually had all of them or only with part of them.The EL / L-8300 is a SIGINT system capable of being used in both tactical and strategic missions. It has been adopted, in addition to our country and Israel, by Angola, Australia, Chile, China, Indonesia, Singapore, Thailand, South Africa and the United Kingdom, being installed on platforms as dissimilar as Boeing 707 and 737, C-130 Hercules, Nimrod MRA.4, L-188W Electra, P-3 Orion, TU-16 Badger and Fokker F-27, which shows its great flexibility.The purpose of this system is to automatically provide an electronic order of battle by intercepting the various emissions of the electromagnetic spectrum of a certain area.It is made up of different stations distributed inside the cargo cabin, which are associated with the multiple antennas mounted at the bottom of the aircraft. Each of these stations is detailed below:EL / L8312A, corresponding to the ELINT section, receiver of the information captured through various omni-directional antennas arranged on the fuselage and wings of the aircraft (according to IAI, two on the wing tips, one on the nose and one on the wingtip section). tail), these cover a spectrum between 0.5 to 18 GHz, a capacity that would be extendable to cover from 70 MHz to 40 GHz. They act together, their function being to determine the origin of the emissions, what is possible through triangulation, which is achieved by measuring the difference in the time in which the signals arrive at the equipment through them. These data are presented on an EL / S-8610 computer that analyzes and identifies the received signals. This section can be controlled by one or two operators.Another station is the supervision and control station, which requires two operators for its use.EL / K-7032, makes up the COMINT section. Through microprocessor-controlled scanners, frequencies (HF (High Frequency), VHF (Very High Frequency) and UHF (Ultra High Frequency)) are scanned, within a range that is between 20 to 500 MHz. Equipment, which generally requires four operators, has the capacity to simultaneously handle more than 300 signals, three of them in the same frequency band. These emissions are collected by a battery of blade antennas arranged on the belly of the aircraft.The operations section is made up of the EL / L-8350, which is an analysis and command station that has two V / UHF EL / K-1150 receivers and a computer control. In this position, the ELINT and COMINT data are merged, and if it is available, it reports in real time to the EL / L-8353 ground station.Command and analysis suite.Traffic collecting unit, powered by up to four EL / K-1150 V / UHF receivers. The emissions received by these are processed and classified, being able to identify the location of the located targets, this data can be compared with a threat library for a quick analysis.The EL / K-1150 receiver is a device capable of intercepting signals between 20 and 500 MHz. It can be configured to operate in two ways, the first is “Local Mode” where the receiver is operated manually, and the second is "Remote Operation", in which the equipment works automatically by controlling a predetermined number of frequencies. The "Remote Operation" has four modes, these are, "Single Channel Search" (SCS) with up to 16 pre-programmed options. “Monitor” (M), automatic scanning of up to 32 pre-programmed sub bands. “Fast Search” (FS) and “Fast Monitor” (FM) the latter have a scanning spectrum of up to 1,000 channels, in both modes the equipment controls the preselected spectrum, stopping when it finds activity on one of these channels.In 1997 and after a longer tour in Israel, the airliner color scheme was replaced by a low viz configuration, more in line with the military functions of the VR-21 (profile: Javier Ruberto).The EL / K-1250 is a device in charge of covering frequencies between 20 and 510 MHz. Optionally, it is possible to have a rotating antenna "Direction Finder", in the particular case of the VR-21, it would have been mounted inside of the radome located in the lower front part of the fuselage, although we do not know its function, we suppose that it could become the “unidirectional parabolic antenna” that was part of the ELINT station of the FAS 240 program.The internal layout was as follows, from the tail to the nose, on the right side there was a succession of equipment with their respective consoles and a control post that had access to all of them, with which the frequencies and location of ground equipment that were broadcasting both in VHF, HF, ground aids to navigation (VOR, DME, etc.) and radars. There were also rooms for passengers and resting places for crew members.In addition to the equipment mentioned above, according to the photographic evidence available, about 25 antennas have been identified in this Boeing 707, three in the upper part of the fuselage, two of them would be those corresponding to VHF communications equipment, among these is one small antenna of undetermined function. At the bottom we find 22 antennas, one of them would also belong to the VHF equipment. At the rear of the fuselage is the ADF (Automatic Direction Finder) navigation equipment antenna, if we eliminate these, we will have about 20 leaf antennas that would be those corresponding to the ELINT and COMINT functions, which can be grouped into three different models, if we are guided by their shape,The scope of the equipment that makes up the EL / L-8300 would allow emissions from a distance of 400/450 km to be captured at a height of 12,000 m, having a spatial coverage that encompasses 360 ° around the aircraft, being in capacity to handle about 500 emitters.Complementing this system, we find the ELTA EL / L-8351 which is an electronic warfare simulator and the EL / L-8352 which is a post mission analysis equipment. In the particular case of the VR-21, it is very possible that there was some equipment capable of interfering with land and air communications."VERIFICANDO RADIOAUDAS", THE OPERATING HISTORY OF VR-21GGE emblemVR-21 crews emblemEmblem of the GGE RavensVR-23 crews emblemHow could it be otherwise, from its origins as an electronic warfare platform this aircraft began to operate with the highest reserve, which would be a constant that would last throughout much of its operational life. That is why for the return to its seat base a cover-up operation was mounted that had the purpose of circumventing the British intelligence that was attentive in the stopovers that could be used during the return navigation, for this purpose the Boeing was sent 707 TC-92 to Ben Gurion International Airport, Tel Aviv, there the registration number TC-93 was painted, while the modified aircraft received TC-92, this was under the command of Commodore Otto Ritondale, who served as Commander and the Vice Commodore Rodolfo Muñoz, in total the crew consisted of four pilots and two on-board mechanics. This aircraft took off from said airport stealthily during the night bound for Las Palmas Airport, Gran Canaria, Spain, where they made a stopover, and then continued their navigation to the Palomar where they arrived without incident.At mid-morning on January 15, 1985, the second Boeing 707 took off from Ben Gurion, when it was close to the Cyprus side, two RAF F-4 Phantoms intercepted it, following it for 20 minutes, flying around it in search of the new equipment, which finally did not happen, this news was notified to the control of the area that was not aware of the interceptors, later the Boeing continued its flight to the Canary Islands where it stayed overnight and resumed navigation the next day arriving at Palomar.Something worth noting is that this second aircraft, in addition to serving as a "decoy", was responsible for the transfer of all the SIGINT equipment software, this was done to avoid any inconvenience due to the possibility of an emergency landing in a country outside the contemplated stopovers, which could generate an incident claiming that the aircraft was carrying out espionage tasks.Upon their return to the country, several flights took place to test the operation of the equipment, at least one of them took place approximately between the verticals of Jujuy and El Calafate between flight levels 350 and 390, all the information obtained was downloaded to processing on land. With all the tests completed, the operational flights began, now with the registration VR-21, this time, reviewing in the Electronic Warfare Group. The first flight in an operational mission would have taken place on March 1. During this initial period, the Boeing was periodically transferred to the VI Air Brigade, Tandil, in order to avoid indiscreet observers who could easily station themselves in the vicinity of the First Brigade.The modern equipment adopted would confer upon the FAA capabilities unprecedented until then. This investment quickly began to pay off by scrutinizing the “hot zones” of our region at that time to collect the emissions that would serve to form the first OBEs.These flights that were not similar to those of routine cargo or passenger transport were scheduled in the Operations Command, the Technical Crew determined the specific details of the operation, while the flight crews complied with what was planned. At least during the initial years of operation, there was no prior coordination between the two crews to carry out the mission. All pilots, navigators, mechanics, and cargo assistants in Squad V were qualified to fly the VR-21.A fact recently confirmed by the FAA demonstrates the high risk faced in this type of operation. It took place on June 13, 1986 over the icy waters of the South Atlantic, (more precisely at Latitude 48 ° 34 'South, Longitude 60 ° 46' West) when flying at 42,000 ft. high, the detection by the acquisition systems of two F-4 FGR. 2 Phantoms of No. 1435 SQN of the RAF operating from the Falkland Islands is confirmed, those that approach the B-707 showing their weapons, forcing the VR-21 to carry out a maneuver to evade the threat.There are some versions that speak of situations of similar characteristics with aircraft of the Chilean and Brazilian Air Force, which so far have not been confirmed.From March 5 to 27, 1988, the “Grifo” operation was carried out, the objective of which was to carry out intelligence and custody tasks for the British units that were carrying out the “Fire Focus” exercise in the Malvinas, (FIRE is the acronym for Falklands Islands Re-inforcement Excercise) in it the Electra Wave 0792/6-P-14 actively participates in surveying the adversary's emissions, some sources affirm that the VR-21 would also have been part of this operation

The only other answer that was shown at the time of this writing said, that Apple may sue you but could win the right to use the mark. Or they may buy the brand from you. DEAD WRONG on both counts.Sure, you can start a clothing line with “APPLE” printed on the items, You might even be able to “fly under the radar” for a while, but the moment you start to achieve any success, you are going to lose everything you have achieved to date. A couple of points to bear in mind:First, it doesn’t sound like your intended use of “APPLE” would be really be a “brand” at all in the most reasonable definition of a term but merely a vehicle to put the word on another brand of clothing. A trademark is an indication of the origin of goods and services. The primary purpose of the US trademark laws is to protect consumers from deception as to the origin of goods and services so thy can “know what they are getting.” And why would you want to create the “brand” APPLE and put in on clothing? Are you planning to design and make the clothing? Will there be unique style or quality factors that will make your product distinctive? Or will you be importing Chinese T-shirts and silk-screening “APPLE” on them? Can you say “intentional infringement” and “treble damages?”Apple Computer Inc. has a registered trademark for the international class that includes clothing. This mark is not the word APPLE but is the outline of the famous apple with a bite out of the right side. They also have a pending application for APPLE MUSIC that names clothing as one of items in the goods and services listing. If you apply for registration of the mark you will not succeed.Have you heard of “trademark dilution” and “trademark tarnishment?” How about the specific legal rights accorded to a “famous trademark?” That is a legal term, by the way. That’s right, certain marks become so famous that almost any use of the mark — even on unrelated products — would be deemed to be likely to mislead consumers as to the origin of the goods. The effect is to “dilute” the value of the famous mark. If your use shows that mark in a bad light (e.g. on poor quality merchandise), it could even rise to the level of disparagement or “trademark tarnishment.” And, by the way, APPLE has been held by the courts to be a famous trademark entitled to these enhanced protections.REAL WORLD EXAMPLE: The most memorable encounter I had with this issue was one where the company I worked for used TABASCO as an internal code name for a new software product. Internal use would probably not have been a problem but the marketing people starting using that term in speaking with the press. Oops! The McIlhenny Company sent a polite but firm letter to “CEASE AND DESIST!” Some of the technical people thought that we should contest this. After all “Delta” is the name of an airline, a plumbing fixture manufacturer, and a tool company. Moreover, TABASCO is the name of one of three main families of peppers and the name of a State in Mexico. Sorry, but get real. If you saw the name TABASCO on a shirt, a kid’s scooter, as the name of a dance, etc. you are simply going to assume that it has some connection to the famous hot sauce. The history of the McIlhenny company is fascinating, but the point is that it goes clear back to the U.S. Civil War era. After 150 years, a mark becomes so famous that you can’t really use it for anything else without people associating it that product.Apple is not Disney . . . but close. Disney has a reputation for the most rigid enforcement of its trademarks and copyrights. And you can’t blame them. If you let minor infringements go without taking action they will eventually chip away at your rights. As soon as a an Apple Computer employee (or possibly anyone that owns and loves their iPhone or iMac) sees your shirt, the legal department will be notified and you will get — at the very least — what I call a “nastygram” telling you to stop using the mark and immediately get all your products out of the supply chain. And their is no way they will settle up and pay you anything nuisance value. Most major companies have adopted the motto of insurance companies: “millions for defense — not one cent for tribute!”Be honest with yourself. WHY would you even consider selling articles of clothing with “APPLE” written on them? If you got the bright idea that Apple Computer is a computer and electronics company so that you could legally use their name or mark on clothing and find a ready market among Apple aficionados . . . well, that doesn’t work. I’ve been asked that same question in varying forms in regard to both copyrights and trademarks for at least three decades. To my knowledge none have been successful long enough to make it worthwhile.

The following is from:Food TimelineChicken burgersWhat exactly is a chicken burger? Great question! With no exact answer.Ground protein mixtures bound with egg, bulked with breading, & blasted with spices have been enjoyed from ancient times forwards. Think: fish cakes, croquettes, timbales, & kofta. This is a short course on meatloaf. Recipes and proteins vary according to culture and cuisine. Until recently, most of these dishes required pre-cooked meats. It was a great way to serve leftovers. Today's supermarket meat counters offer an interesting variety of raw ground protein products. All of which can be assembled, formed, combined for cooking on whatever heat source to satisfy whichever course. American food companies offer similar products promoted for convenience.The term "chicken burger" first surfaces in USA print after WWII. Recipes are all over the culinary map. The unifiying "burger" factor means nestled in a personal-sized bread begging for condiments.[1946: Barnyard burgers made with ground chicken]"Chicken Burgers. Barnyard-burgers are made from ground cold chicken, if this delicacy is ever left lying around at your home, or turkey or roast. Onion and bread stuffing may be added, moistened with one or two eggs and and seasoned to taste. Saute until brown in chicken fat and serve on whopping big biscuits."---"Hamburger Recipes are Items for Collectors, With a Range to Suit Cannibal and Gourmet," Corsicana Daily Sun [TX], July 18, 1948 (p. 2) [NOTE: most likely this ground chicken was pre-cooked, see 1957.][1955: commercial product]"It's New. Chicken Burgers, 7 oz, 49 cents."---display ad, News Palladium [Benton Harbor MI], December 15, 1955 (p. 25) [NOTE: no description or illustration.][1956: barbecued Barnyard burgers ]"Chicken burgers. One cup cooked chicken, chopped, 1 egg slightly beaten, 1 cup soft bread crumbs, 2 tablespoons minced parsley, 1 tablespoon minced onion, 1/4 teaspoon salt; dash of pepper. Combine all ingredients and form into 4 patties. Broil until brown on both sides. Serve hot in toasted enriched buns. Garnish with stuffed olive."---"Tuna and Chicken Burgers Add Variety to Barbecue," The Bee [Danville VA], June 7, 1956 (p. 8)[1957: pre-cooked chicken patties]"...the newest taste treats of them all...Chicken Burgers, Pre-cooked chicken, ground and seasoned and made into patties. Can be fried or broiled. each 19 cents"---display ad, Berkshire Eagle [MA], January 24, 1957 (p. 28)[1961: fast food chicken sandwich]Chicken sandwiches are served on hamburger-type buns with similar condiment/vegetable choices.[1966: canned chicken burgers]"Chicken burgers, 2 cans 27 cents."---display ad, Journal-Daily News [Hamilton OH] July 6, 1966 (p. 16)[1989: chicken burgers promoted as low-cholesterol alternatives]"If you're worried that you'll have to skip spring and summer barbecues to stay on a heart-health diet, here's some good news for the chef. The test kitchens have developed two new flavorful recipes, low in fat and without added salt that you can serve at yopur next barbecue while you deep your cholesterol in check. Mouth-watering Barbecue Chicken Burgers are a tasty alternative to traditional, high fat foods such as hot dogs and hamburgers. Filled with oats for a hearty texture and flavor, these burgers are a healthy source of cholesterol-lowering soluble fiber....To booste their nutritional benefit, why not serve Barbecue Chicken Burgers on whole wheat buns with lettuce and tomato? For an added burst of flavor, top them with a tangy, yogurt-based sauce, instead of condiments high in sodium...Barbecue Chicken Burgers2 1/2 cups finely chopped cooked chicken1 cup oats (quick or old-fashioned, uncooked)One 8-ounce carton low fat plain yogurt1/4 cup chopped onion2 egg whites1 tablespoon minced parsley1 teaspoon chili powder1 tablespoon prepared mustard6 whole wheat hamburger buns, split, toasted.Lightly coat rack of broiler pan with vegetable oil cooking spray. Combine chicken, oats, 1/2 cup yogurt, onion, egg whites, parsley and 1/2 teaspoon chili powder; mix well. Shape to form 6 burgers. Place on rack of prepared broiler pan or over medium-hot coals on outdoor grill so burgers are 4-5 inches from heat. Broil 5 minutes; turn. Continue broiling 5-7 minutes or until golden brown. For sauce, combine remaining 1/2 cup yogurt, mustard and remaining 1/2 teaspoon chili powder; mix well. Top each burger with 1 tablespoon sauce. Serve on whole wheat bun. Garnish with lettuce and tomato, if desired."---"Enjoy barbecues and still keep cholesterol in check," The Telegraph [Alton IL]. May 31, 1989 (p. B5)Chicken sandwiches (fast food)While recipes for breaded, fried, boneless chicken descend from Old World recipes (think: wiener schnitzel, S. Truett Cathy's Atlanta-based Chick-Fil-A is generally credited for introducing chicken sandwiches to the fast food world. They may (or may not) have been the first food restaurant to make a chicken sandwich. They were, however, the first to capitalize on it. In the American land of hamburgers & hot dogs, this was a pretty daring and brilliant move."1961 Truett invents the boneless breast of chicken sandwich, calling it a "Chick-fil-A." He perfected the recipe over a four-year period using cooking techniques from his mother’s humble boarding house kitchen."SOURCE: company web.Records of the U.S. Patent & Trademark officeconfirm Chick-Fil-A brand foods were introduced to the American public June 27, 1964:"Word Mark CHICK-FIL-A Goods and Services IC 029 030. US 046. G & S: BREAD CRUMBS (SEASONED COATER), PICKLES (KOSHER DILL CHIPS), AND PEANUT OIL. FIRST USE: 19640601. FIRST USE IN COMMERCE: 19640627 Mark Drawing Code (3) DESIGN PLUS WORDS, LETTERS, AND/OR NUMBERS Design Search Code 03.15.03 - Chickens, hen, chicken; Chickens, rooster; Chicks; Rooster 03.15.24 - Stylized birds and bats 27.03.03 - Animals forming letters or numerals Serial Number 72296117 Filing Date April 22, 1968 Current Filing Basis 1A Original Filing Basis 1A Registration Number 0866527 Registration Date March 11, 1969 Owner (REGISTRANT) CHICK-FIL-A, INC. CORPORATION GEORGIA 535 CENTRAL AVE., SUITE 102 HAPEVILLE GEORGIA 30054 Assignment Recorded ASSIGNMENT RECORDED Type of Mark TRADEMARK Register PRINCIPAL Renewal 1ST RENEWAL 19890311 Live/Dead Indicator LIVE"About the founder:"S. Truett Cathy likes to say that he first got in the restaurant business at the age of 8. At that tender age he bought six Cokes for a quarter, then sold them to his neighbors for a nickel apiece. His profit on a half dozen sales was a nickel. Fifty-four years later, as founder and president of Chick-fil-A, Inc., Cathy predicts his company's sales for 1983 will reach about $130 million...In 1946 Cathy opened his first restaurant, a coffee shop with 10 stools and four tables and chairs across from the Ford Motor Co. plant in Atlanta. Five years later he opened another one. The fare at these modest restaurants was the usual--hamburgers, steaks, chicken. The chicken, though, was a problem. It always took longer to cook, and when everything else in an order was ready, the chicken held it up. 'We finally discovered you could cut the cooking time in half by taking the bone out,' Cathy said. He decided to use just the breast portion, did some experimenting to develop a light breading, putting the whole thing on a bun, added some cole slaw and potato salad, and Chick-fil-A was born. That was about 1960. In 1967, Chick-fil-A opened 'literally in a hole in a wall' in its first shopping center in Atlanta. 'In 1974, we opened up 14 units, a milestone for us,' Cathy said. 'Now we're coast to coast..."...Full meals, salads and desserts have been added to the menu, but the classic Chick-fil-A meal is centered around a solid chicken breast, covered with a thin bread coating...Cathy claims Chick-fil-A has the world's record forooking a chicken breast--four minutes. It took a long time for Chick-fil-A to get much national attention with its boneless breast sandwich. Today, many fast food restaurants offer something similar. 'We say we're the first and the best,' Cathy said."--- "Cathy Puts His Chicken Where Your Mouth Is," The Winchester Star [VA], December 19, 1983 (p. 30)Chick-Fil-A also laid foundation for today's popular shopping mall food courts:"When S. Truett Cathy started his Chick-fil-A Inc. restaurant chain 21 years ago, he had trouble convincing mall developers to lease him space. Developers then believed that eating and shopping did not mix. Cathy demolished that theory. A year after his first Chick-fil-A opened in Atlanta's Greenbriar Mall in 1967, it had the highest sales per square foot in the shopping center. Landlords still discouraged the idea in the first few years, but Cathy continued to open new outlets in malls in the late 1960s and early 1970s. He discovered that malls presented special opportunities. For one thing, Chick-fil-A could take advantage of a captive market, often luring in passers-by with free samples of chicken breast sandwiches. Locating restaurants in malls also eliminated the need for real estate selection and construction of buildings and parking lots, allowing faster growth. Today, the Atlanta-based company has 366 mall restaurants in 31 states and annual sales of $181 million. Instead of discouraging fast food companies, developers now design shopping.Now my thoughts.But after all this my Mom (not the oldest child) told me about the chicken sandwiches made by my Grandmother for my mom and her 12 siblings in the 30’s. My mom was 16, maybe 17 and the youngest would have been 2 or 3. They lived on a 70+ acre farm In Hokendauqua PA that supported the entire family besides suppling food to the Whitehall High School (a mere block away) for the lunch program. Anyway, we had roast Chicken sandwiches with iceberg lettuce and mayonnaise on toast, chicken salad sandwiches and chicken club sandwiches in the 50’s. My brothe told me he rembered eating chicken salad sandwiches in ’46 as a first grade student at St. Elizabeth’s Cahloic School in Fullerton PA. Our family loves food. We were luckily brought up in a food rich enviorment. This just came up while reminising about our youth and the food we were exposed too early on..I am positive the chicken sandwich was eaten shortly after the Earl of Sandwich ate beef between two slices and created the first “sandwich”. It’s just a logial assumption