Effect Of Phosphorus And Potassium Fertility On Fruit Quality: Fill & Download for Free

Who can resist the juicy flavours and smells of amazingly looking pineapples? Definitely not me.Pineapples are mostly grown in Costa Rica and their season lasts from March till June, so I am going to prepare my freezer this weekend and cut some pineapples into chunks to have the best quality fruits throughout the year for those smoothies.Here are some nutrition facts about pineapple:Raw facts → A cup of raw pineapple (~165g) contains just 82 kcal, it delivers 22g of carbs and 2.3g of fiber as well as plenty of vitamins and minerals:79 mg of vitamin C (131% of RDI)95 IU of vitamin A21 mg of calcium19 mg of magnesium12 mg of phosphorus180 mg of potassium29 mcg of folate2. The vitamin C health effects.As you can see from the above Pineapple’s nutrition facts it is packed with vitamin C which:promotes collagen production and may protect the skin from damage.The cap filled with raw pineapple has more than recommended daily intake of vitamin C so you can be sure that it will help you with boosting your immune system.also helps in fighting the infection and reducing allergies.supports formation of collagen in the bones.keep eyes healthy due to antioxidant effectsprevent health losspromotes fertility3. Bromelain effects.Pineapples are also filled with bromelain → a protein digesting enzyme which can help us combat the following health issues:pancreatic insufficiencydiarrhoeaflatulencereduce risk of colon cancerinflammatory bowel diseaseosteoarthritisinflammatory paincoronary heart diseasefatiguemuscle damagesinus swellingblood clotsCaution: because of the bromelain’s antiplatelet effects on the blood, be careful with pineapple consumption if you are taking blood thinning medication or you are menstruating.4. Pineapple is one of the healthiest fruits, it is low in sugar so it is safe for people with diabetes.5. Vitamins A and B help with improving nail health.6. Some scientists claim that pineapple can boost the quality of sleep.Final word. It should not be added as a pizza topping. Pineapple is a berry, who puts berry on a pizza?Eat your pineapple raw or in the smoothie.

Yes, agriculture is a safe optional subject .But if u analyse the trend of upsc no subject is safer .By far I am concerned agriculture has the most success rate as an optional for upsc compared to other science or humanity subjects followed by medical science.If you look at the upsc syallbus it says you have to give 2 papers of af single optional subject that means you will write 2 papers of a single optional paper and you can check and download the syallbus for upsc of agriculture as an optional .There will be 2 parts there mentioned as paper-1 and paper-2 . I am attaching the detailed syllabus of agriculture optional for UPSC for paper -1 and paper -2.Paper-IEcology and its relevance to man, natural resources, their sustainable management and conservation. Physical and social environment as factors of crop distribution and production. Agro ecology; cropping pattern as indicators of environments. Environmental pollution and associated hazards to crops, animals and humans. Climate change - International conventions and global initiatives. Green house effect and global warming. Advance tools for ecosystem analysis - Remote sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS).Cropping patterns in different agro-climatic zones of the country. Impact of highyielding and short-duration varieties on shifts in cropping patterns. Concepts of various cropping and farming systems. Organic and Precision farming. Package of practices for production of important cereals, pulses, oil seeds, fibres, sugar, commercial and fodder crops.Important features and scope of various types of forestry plantations such as social forestry, agro-forestry, and natural forests. Propagation of forest plants. Forest products. Agro forestry and value addition. Conservation of forest flora and fauna.Weeds, their characteristics, dissemination and association with various crops; their multiplications; cultural, biological, and chemical control of weeds. Soil- physical, chemical and biological properties. Processes and factors of soil formation. Soils of India. Mineral and organic constituents of soils and their role in maintaining soil productivity. Essential plant nutrients and other beneficial elements in soils and plants. Principles of soil fertility, soil testing and fertilizer recommendations, integrated nutrient management. Biofertilizers. Losses of nitrogen in soil, nitrogen-use efficiency in submerged rice soils, nitrogen fixation in soils. Efficient phosphorus and potassium use. Problem soils and their reclamation. Soil factors affecting greenhouse gas emission.Soil conservation, integrated watershed management. Soil erosion and its management. Dry land agriculture and its problems. Technology for stabilizing agriculture production in rain fed areas. Water-use efficiency in relation to crop production, criteria for scheduling irrigations, ways and means of reducing runoff losses of irrigation water. Rainwater harvesting. Drip and sprinkler irrigation. Drainage of waterlogged soils, quality of irrigation water, effect of industrial effluents on soil and water pollution. Irrigation projects in India.Farm management, scope, importance and characteristics, farm planning. Optimum resource use and budgeting. Economics of different types of farming systems. Marketing management - strategies for development, market intelligence. Price fluctuations and their cost; role of co-operatives in agricultural economy; types and systems of farming and factors affecting them. Agricultural price policy. Crop Insurance.Agricultural extension, its importance and role, methods of evaluation of extension programmes, socio-economic survey and status of big, small and marginal farmers and landless agricultural labourers. Training programmes for extension workers. Role of Krishi Vigyan Kendra's (KVK) in dissemination of Agricultural technologies. Non Government Organization (NGO) and self-help group approach for rural development.Paper-IICell structure, function and cell cycle. Synthesis, structure and function of genetic material. Laws of heredity. Chromosome structure, chromosomal aberrations, linkage and cross-over, and their significance in recombination breeding. Polyploidy, euploids and aneuploids. Mutations - and their role in crop improvement. Heritability, sterility and incompatibility, classification and their application in crop improvement. Cytoplasmic inheritance, sex-linked, sex-influenced and sex-limited characters.History of plant breeding. Modes of reproduction, selfing and crossing techniques. Origin, evolution and domestication of crop plants, center of origin, law of homologous series, crop genetic resourcesconservation and utilization. Application of principles of plant breeding, improvement of crop plants. Molecular markers and their application in plant improvement. Pure-line selection, pedigree, mass and recurrent selections, combining ability, its significance in plant breeding. Heterosis and its exploitation. Somatic hybridization. Breeding for disease and pest resistance. Role of interspecific and intergeneric hybridization. Role of genetic engineering and biotechnology in crop improvement. Genetically modified crop plants.Seed production and processing technologies. Seed certification, seed testing and storage. DNA finger printing and seed registration. Role of public and private sectors in seed production and marketing. Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) issues, WTO issues and its impact on Agriculture.Principles of Plant Physiology with reference to plant nutrition, absorption, translocation and metabolism of nutrients. Soil - water- plant relationship.Enzymes and plant pigments; photosynthesis- modern concepts and factors affecting the process, aerobic and anaerobic respiration; C3, C4 and CAM mechanisms. Carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism. Growth and development; photoperiodism and vernalilzation. Plant growth substances and their role in crop production. Physiology of seed development and germination; dormancy. Stress physiology - draught, salt and water stress.Major fruits, plantation crops, vegetables, spices and flower crops. Package practices of major horticultural crops. Protected cultivation and high tech horticulture. Post harvest technology and value addition of fruits and vegetables. Landscaping and commercial floriculture. Medicinal and aromatic plants. Role of fruits and vegetables in human nutrition.Diagnosis of pests and diseases of field crops, vegetables, orchard and plantation crops and their economic importance. Classification of pests and diseases and their management. Integrated pest and disease management. Storage pests and their management. Biological control of pests and diseases. Epidemiology and forecasting of major crop pests and diseases. Plant quarantine measures. Pesticides, their formulation and modes of action.Food production and consumption trends in India. Food security and growing population - vision 2020. Reasons for grain surplus. National and international food policies. Production, procurement, distribution constraints. Availability of food grains, per capita expenditure on food. Trends in poverty, Public Distribution System and Below Poverty Line population, Targeted Public Distribution System (PDS), policy implementation in context to globalization. Processing constraints. Relation of food production to National Dietary Guidelines and food consumption pattern. Food based dietary approaches to eliminate hunger. Nutrient deficiency - Micro nutrient deficiency : Protein Energy Malnutrition or Protein Calorie Malnutrition (PEM or PCM), Micro nutrient deficiency and HRD in context of work capacity of women and children. Food grain productivity and food security.It all depends upon you and your dedication towards your optional paper.You will think agriculture is safe optional and won't study at all then you will start feeling unsafe about your optional and several questions will arise in your mind .So if you are taking a decision be very sure to follow it sincerely also ..And I am also attaching the links of videos of some successful candidates who had agriculture as their optional.1.2.Thank you for reading .

This is a tough question, since we are not exactly sure what the definition of organic is. A lot of the definition is related to the bacteria and micro organisms that are present in the soil.Here is how it was put to me in an email from Eliot Coleman:There is a very strong consensus among organic farmers that ”organic” means grown in soil connected to the earth under real sunlight with all the known and unknown nutritional factors that the soil system confers to the produce. IFOAM and the Europeans are in full agreement with our position.We have no argument with hydroponics or aquaponics. We think those who grow that way should proudly advertise what they do. But we are opposed to that produce being labeled “organic”. Therefore, I do not want my name or image associated in any way with an organization promoting soil-less growing.The integrity of the organic brand and the trust in its quality are being rapidly undermined by the NOP inclusion of soil-less growing. That integrity and trust are the result of many years of effort on the part of the elders of organic farming and we object to soil-less growers trying to ride on our coattails with products that don’t meet the grown-in-fertile-soil standard that has been the bedrock of organic farming. If soil-less systems are valid both practically and nutritionally, they will need to start work on creating their own reputation for integrity and trust.Coleman is arguing for “soil connected to the earth under real sunlight with all the known and unknown nutritional factors that the soil system confers to the produce.”I am sympathetic with this view, since we have grown in dirt since the dawn of time. It may be that we simply concede that hydroponic growing is not the same as growing in dirt with no chemical additives. But that is not the question here. The question is: can hydroponic be organic?Here is the definition from Merriam Websters online dictionary:organicadjective or·gan·ic \ȯr-ˈga-nik\of, relating to, yielding, or involving the use of food produced with the use of feed or fertilizer of plant or animal origin without employment of chemically formulated fertilizers, growth stimulants, antibiotics, or pesticides <organic farming> <organic produce>Right away, we can see a problem in the definition. “Chemically formulated fertilizers” would seem to discount any fertilizer that is made by people.But what if the people are simply mixing nutrients that are found in nature? Does that count? What if you used your compost tea to fertilize a hydroponic system? Would that count? This is the same compost that is used to fertilize your *organic* garden.So the debate will continue. Some people say that as long as you are avoiding chemical pesticides you may be “organic”.These are the elements that are or should be found in a typical hydroponic fertilizer (from Mother Earth News):Nitrogen is necessary for the production of leaves and stem growth; it is also an essential ingredient in building plant cells.Phosphorus is required in the development of flowers and fruits, and aids in the growth of healthy roots.Potassium is used by plant cells during the assimilation of the energy produced by photosynthesis.Sulphur assists in the production of plant energy and heightens the effectiveness of phosphorus.Iron is vital in the production of chlorophyll.Manganese aids in absorption of nitrogen, an essential component in the energy transference process.Zinc is an essential component in the energy transference process.Copper is needed in the production of chlorophyll.Boron is required in minute amounts, but it is not yet known how plants use it.Magnesium is involved in the process of distributing phosphorus throughout plants.Calcium encourages root growth and helps plants absorb potassium.Chlorine is required for photosynthesis.Molybdenum assists in several chemical reactions.These elements are the same as what you would find in the soil. No difference there. Even if they are “mixed” in a nutrient solution, are they really that different from soil based elements?The simple answer is: no, they are not.These elements are “organically” derived from mineral compounds and elements that are found in nature.The difference would seem to be in the complex “web of life” that Coleman references. These are the “known and unknown nutritional factors that the soil confers”.And it is true. This is is a hard to define ecology of bacteria and micro organisms that cannot be simply replicated by humans.The nice thing here is that nature will do this job for us, even in a hydroponic system.And here is the full response from our team.In short:Studies that look at the microbiology in hydroponics systems find about 10,000,000 bacteria per milliliter of nutrient solutionSoil microbiology varies quite a bit, but compost consistently comes in at 100,000 to 1,000,000,000 colony forming units - or cfu- a measure of the viable bacterial and fungal cells - per milliliter of dry compost (2, 3, 10, 30). (It’s a weird comparison since water vs dry dirt is apples to oranges, but it’s the best we’ve got. Unfortunately, there are no studies with a direct comparison to soil.)In other words, the bacterial populations in conventional hydroponic systems are right in the normal range for compost. Not soil. Compost.