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Short answer: I would like my taxes to be spent on… implementing a better, fairer, simpler and more progressive tax system.Long answer:PreambleEvery year millions of pounds and man-hours are wasted in dealing with bloated over-complex tax laws and regulations by individuals and corporations with the sole purpose of minimising tax liability. The HMRC (and probably other governments have the same problem with their taxation/revenue authorities) spends huge resources playing a cat and mouse game in trying to make individuals and corporations cough up. At the same time the corporate revolving door from HMRC to tax consultancies and “The Big 4” accountancy firms ensures that tax loopholes and tax obfuscation and exploitation of technicalities continue to be big business.So the first thing I would do is to reform tax itself. I would take a technocratic axe to tax laws. Tax is complicated because it is used as a political and social engineering tool. So tax rates and regulations need to be divested from the politicians, and needs to be managed by technocrats - perhaps an academic or professional body of some sort (in spirit like the Bank of England sets interest rates).I see no reason why personal taxation can't be simplified to a few A4 sheets of paper in plain English. Everyone pays - even low earners - to the same flat-rate percentage. Furthermore, with today’s IT systems it should be easy to have a very dynamic tax system that adapts to revenue requirements and economic conditions.Corporate taxation is understandable more complex - so I'll allow that a few more A4 sheets. Again, there should be a simple flat rate on all profits made in the country, no ifs no buts and the simpler it is, the less chance for obfuscation and loopholes. The rate of tax should be maintained at a low enough rate to make any type of professional tax avoidance a waste of money. Strong legal consequences need to be developed and enforced to prevent hiding of income. Tax avoidance should become synonymous with tax evasion - even for multi-nationals, and I would consider very harsh penalties for the leadership and management of corporations that evade tax - with mandatory custodial sentences and barring of convicted tax evaders from holding any role on a board or directorship for say 10 years.There needs to be a total unequivocal global ban on tax havens like the Channel Islands. Hopefully the career of option of “tax consultant” or “tax lawyer” will fade into history much like lamp-lighters and rat-catchers.So having addressed the tax system, and hopefully implemented an efficient and low-cost tax regime that maximised revenue we can begin.Universal Basic Income (UBI)This is an old idea that has been tarnished (usually by conservatives) for being Utopian or anti-capitalist (http://fortune.com/2017/06/29/universal-basic-income-history/). But think about the amount of money governments spend on social security programmes, means-testing, investigating and prosecuting benefit fraud, administration of claims and all the infrastructure to support this. Having a simple non-means-tested minimum income set just below the poverty line (so it is unlikely to be the sole income - but would be just enough to make do) would be the safety net to ensure people have enough to fend for themselves whilst training or even starting a business.It is quite probably going to be abused and might cause other issues and of course some people will still need additional assistance (e.g. disabled citizens), but the vast majority of people will be taken out of the benefits system, and there would no longer be job-seekers allowance.A great discussion on UBI can be heard on Sam Harris’ podcast, including a pertinent point on the not-too-distant societal impact of AI and robotics.2. Universal Basic Education and Training (UBET)We are already in a world where jobs are being lost to automation. So if people's very basic needs are addressed by the UBI, that means we could have a large number of people who have no purpose in life and that could have a detrimental impact on society in ways we cannot yet properly envisage. Even people who do have work may only work part time because of increased productivity from automation and AI or they may choose to (or have to) work 2 or 3 day weeks for example.There will have to be a new way of filling this time and I think a NES (National Education Service) may be what is needed. This could be a means to increase skill levels, allow people to cross-train to other careers, or simply to develop new hobbies. The NES could be an extension of the Department of Education but geared for a lifetime of learning that moves beyond college and university tertiary education. As with UBI, it is not means-tested but obviously some selection will be necessary for certain courses.UBI and the UBET are huge changes to society and involve much economic restructuring and a new way of valuing people and their skills and time.3. Foreign investment and wealth inequalityThe seemingly generous appearance of UBI and UBET could prove to be a source of abuse locally and globally - with increased pressure of immigration, particularly from countries where people don't have any social safety net.So there will be a need to tackle issues of poverty in the 3rd world almost - if not more aggressively - than it is tackled at home. I would propose radical foreign investment and (to a lesser extent) aid programs to quickly raise living standards in the 3rd world, and couple this with a very tough immigration system. I would go so far as to say that our own tax system may need to have an in-built incentive to invest overseas.It may not be PC or popular to say so, but the West needs to embark on a significant amount of nation-building in problem areas around the world to reduce and eliminate the wealth and living standards inequality that is such a driver of migration.4. SustainabilityWe also need to look to the future health of people and the environment, and this means a carrot and stick approach to completely phase out fossil fuels or minimise its use to exceptionally special situations.We need to fund the development of alternative clean energy sources and develop alternatives to the kinds of plastic that we have become addicted to over the past few decades.Finally we need to develop an industrial template that has recycling and environmental neutrality built into its core processes.I know none of these are specifically spending of taxes, but I think it should form the basis of the progressive tax collection. That is, polluters pay more, and companies that are demonstrably clean pay less. This may complicate tax collection (something I’m keen to avoid) but it might be something to consider.5. Mental and physical healthcare and welfareFinally we need to adequately fund healthcare - the NHS. This is only last in my list because I think we already have a fine service, but it needs to evolve and modernise.I would take it out of the orbit of political interference, but additionally it needs to take on mental health care as well as social care in a holistic way, particularly with an ageing population.It should also work with closely with the NES to help people manage their lifestyles and choices.

HOW TO START A PROFITABLE &QUARANTINE FRIENDLY T-SHIRT COMPANYUNDER $1,000​First off, if you or anyone who you’ve been in contact with have any symptoms of the COV-19 virus, please refrain from shipping out goods from your home until you are symptom-free, and a health professional deems you no longer contagious.With layoffs by the millions in the United States, a relatively low upfront business investment with high-profit potential is ideal for anyone trying to create a new revenue source. According to this article from Forbes, there are many new jobs and opportunity seekers in America amidst the COV-19 pandemic. So, a simple and profitable strategy that is suitable for those with dreams of being designers or running an apparel business is invaluable. This method also works for those who wish to re-create their favorite t-shirt at home.The model detailed below demonstrates just how simple and easy it can be to use this downtime to test the market and generate income. Included in this article are practical resources and materials needed to make and produce your t-shirts at home. This simple business model provides a way of making your start up-inventory as well as a marketing and sales strategy that can be used to sell your products from the comfort of your home.Product Design And PatternGrading And Measurement ChartsCosting And Technical PacketsProducing Your GoodsMarketing Strategies for Guaranteed SalesAdjust and Repeat​This d.i.y. / quarantine friendly home business model can be used to start your very own t-shirt company, or simply to re-create your favorite tee.​Designing your Product-​THE DESIGN​In this initial step, we will be designing your shirt, creating an initial pattern, picking desired materials, AND looking at sewing machines, and sewing your samples.You can start with your favorite t-shirt and use it as the basis for your design. This your opportunity to make any adjustments to the design as you see fit such as wanting the length a bit longer, shorter, wider in the bust, or a scooped hem. If you need help, there are many tutorials on YouTube that you can watch for free like this one, as well as articles that you can read on google like this one. There are also many resourceslike this one where you can print a ready-made pattern, make a sample, then make adjustments to the measurments provided.FABRICSMost tee shirts are made out of a fabric called jersey, which Diane von Furstenberg wonderfully describes and belonging to a class of fabrics called knits. During the winter heavier fabrics are used weighing about 8oz- 11oz per yard. In the warmer months the weight usually ranges from 5-7oz per yard. There are all different types of jersy fabrics and blends that can be found on these sites: Fabric, Amazon, and Etsy are great resources to buy textiles.Below are some classic fabric choices that are great eco-friendly options to make tee shirts:​​Synthetic fabrics such as nylon and polyester are widely and most easily found on the internet. Preferred tees are made out of natural textile blends like: cotton/linen, organic cotton, and cotton/ hemp. Some apparel categories like swim and activewear simply cannot be made out of natural fibers only, spandex is needed to allow them to stretch. Synthetic materials are much more durable than natural fibers, but they constitute a large percentage of our planets waste.Luckily there are new and eco-friendly companies such as Los Angeles based Anemone Swim, which makes fashionable swimwear while being contience of the envrionment. The brand launched last year and yes been featured in Vogue, The Zoe Report and Moda Operandi.​SEWING MACHINES:My sewing machine of choice is the Singer Pro Quanntum Stylist 9960 model, it's great for beginners as well as intermediate stylists. This sewing machine from Brother and this sewing machine from Janome are also comparable in price and have really good reviews.This class of sewing machines is called single needle machines. They are capable of doing various stitches including straight stitch, zig-zag, as well as advanced machines of this class contain many other functions such as a bottonhole function and embroidery functions (which come in handy when you want to move on to making more advanced garments).Unfortunately due to high demand, mid-to-low range priced sewing machines are on backorder until May/ June from Amazon but, if you go straight to Singer’s Website, I was able to orde this model for only $150, which is actually less than half of the listed price on Amazon. ​​Grading And Measurement Charts-​If you made your initial pattern by hand, it should look something like this:​MARKING AND GRADINGAfter you have sewn and perfected the design of your sample size is when the math skills kick in. The first step to replicating your pattern is recording your measurements. There is a term in fashion called “points of measurement,” or POM, which are used and translated into something called a measurement chart.You can not run a t-shirt business if you are only offering one size. If you choose to do so, you will be losing out on a lot of potenial earnings. So how do you produce multiple sizes? There is a process in the fashion industry called Marking and Grading.In short, grading is the process of taking your sample size and measurements, then applying grade rules or manipulating the measures, using specific ratios to produce your garment in multiple sizes. Laying your pattern pieces out to calculate the fabric needed to create a certain amount of garments is what's called marking.If you type into Google “tee-shirt points of measurement,” then you can either click the links or go to the images to find a guideline to help you figure out the process.​Below are some pictures of example charts found on Google:SOFTWARE CHOICESIt is entirely possible to go through the entire process without using the software. There is merit in learning the process by hand. Many people think doing it by hand is somewhat archaic, so many programs will make this entire process much faster. If you don't like math, this is when software comes especially in handy. The top software used in the industry is Gerber. But there is more affordable software such as the ones listed below:StyleCADTukatech​Costing And Technical Packets-CATEGORIZING YOUR COSTINGThere are three different categories of costs to consider: one-time purchases, re-occurring expenses, and production costs. To stay organized, you can create a free excel sheet in Google Drive. Google Drive also contains a free illustrator software that you can use via Google Cloud. One time costs include your sewing machine, inkjet printer, iron, steamer, working materials, and other one time costs. Recurring costs would be software, design-related subscriptions, printer ink, and packaging, among others. Your production costs are the costs of the materials and components needed for a specified number of garments (the math and fractions I mentioned earlier).The quantity you wish to produce determines how much fabric you should purchase. Before you invest in production quantities, I suggest only purchasing enough sample yardage that is needed to perfect your sample size and test that fabric (about 2-10 yards). I also recommend buying a few different types of material to decide which fabrics work best with the style, drape, and feel of the garment you are trying to achieve.PRODUCTION COSTSTo calculate the cost to produce your garments, the fabric yield of the middle, which is now your base size is used. You can either calculate the mean or use the median size. For example, if you are offering five (5) sizes, it is the size exactly in the middle (3), and if it is only four (4) sizes, then it is 2.5. The yield can be found by taking your base size (if it is xs) multiplying it by 2.5 (if you are only offering four sizes) and then adding 10% (industry standard for fabric waste) to the product.If you are cutting sample quantities (less than 50 of each style), I would recommend cutting no more than two (2) units at a time. So if you are doing three (3) cuts, two (2) units per cut, that will equal six (6) units of each size or 24 units total per style for four (4) sizes. However much fabric is used in your middle size, is now your base size, for production (with 10% waste factored in), should be multiplied by 24 of the style which you are trying to produce to get the total amount of fabric that you need to create these units.​Producing Your Goods-​WHAT IS A TECHNICAL PACKET?We talked about POM earlier, and now we will speak about BOM (bill of materials). The majority of tee-shirts are composed of two materials: jersey, and ribbing (the stretchy material around the collar, which allows you to put your head in). If you wish not to purchase ribbing (as it's often hard to find the perfect color match when purchasing smaller quantities), you can use the jersey or "self-fabric," also known as the main fabric used, by cutting the collar on the bias (or at a 45-degree angle).The technical packet contains needed data to reproduce your garment such as a picture of the style, BOM, POM, and quantities requested. If you would like to reproduce these styles, it's essential to make one, so you won't have to go through the entire process of making the pattern and grading the sizes each time. A tech-pack will be required if you choose to work with a manufacturer in the future.BEFORE YOU PRODUCEIt is good to keep a hard copy of your pattern in each size handy. I would suggest investing in pattern paper like this, grid paper like this is good for grading by hand, and less-expensive paper like this is good for making markers and pattern-adjustments.​I cannot emphasize enough the importance of pre-shrinking and testing your fabric. Customers hate buying a garment in one size, then washing it once, and it turns into another. You can pre-wash 5-10 yards of fabric safely in a normal-sized household washing machine. Pre-washing the textile rather than the garment after it is sewn is advisable. This process also helps to provide accurate information when you are making the care instructions, care, and contents label is needed whenever you are producing and selling goods to the public.LOGO AND CARE LABELSAlong with a care label, you need to make a logo for your company. The Adobe Creative Suite is used by professionals to edit photos, make videos and graphics. Before you purchase, I would watch videos to get familiar with the software and participate in the adobe 7 day free trial. After the trial period, it's around $50 per month to keep the software. Both your logo and your content labels can be designed using the Adobe Illustrator application.It according to this, it is the law to have a content label that includes fabric origin, washing instructions, as well as the fabric make-up. Custom woven labels is an excellent place to use when you are looking for larger production quantities, but for smaller amounts, you can use a simple ink-jet printer like this one on Amazon. Amazon also sells printable label paper like this, which is excellent for home-label making.If you dare try to do it on your own, here is a great tutorial: DIY Fabric Labels. There are also templates you can purchase from the suppliers before listed like these.Marketing Strategies for Driving Sales-MARKETINGI cannot stress to you enough the importance of market research. You do not need to hire an expensive firm to use free resources that yield information you can find yourself. This site is a great resource to get started on your own. Any person who knows how to stalk their partner or ex online is already great at doing market research. There are many different markets: fashionable basics, sustainable & eco-friendly, plus size, petite, athleisure, and so many more. Why did you choose this specific style and fabrics, and what purpose will your product serve in the lives of others?Using Google Analytics is an excellent resource to check the popularity of the keywords you wish to use to market and sell your product. Many SEO optimized software to aid you in picking a language that is aligned with current search engine patterns.​BEFORE YOU SHIPFor packaging, I like to use Bags & Bows because they have eco-friendly options that are customizable and affordable. Presentation is critical, and it starts from the time your customer receives the package in the mail, so I would invest in branding and packaging that best represents your brand.​SELLING YOUR GARMENTS​Everyone loves a good sample sale, and I suggest initially marketing your products as just that. You have 24 units total of each color, 3 colors, so 72 units in total. Say that each unit costs about eight bucks ($8) for the material to make it. You can efficiently market your shirts as a “Sample Sale” for twenty-four ($24) dollars each, earning approximately sixteen ($16) dollars per unit and gross a profit of $1,152 total.You might spend $50-$100 on Facebook and Instagram marketing ads, or perhaps you already have your platform and following, so no additional marketing is needed. Once you sell all of your units, you have already broken even from your initial investment, including one time expenses.You can market and sell your products using the following platforms:PoshmarkEtsyAmazoneBayShopifyMake sure to register your business, so it’s operating within the bounds of the law, and trademark your logo. You can refer to this article if you need instructions and resources on how to do so.​Adjust and RepeatCongratulations on selling out your first production of tee shirts. You can now request feedback from your customers on the fit and utility of your garment and adjust your patterns, if needed. Once you have positive reviews and are confident in your product, you can play with raising your prices to whatever you think is right for your target demogrphic. Since your one-time costs have already been recouped, besides materials and fixed costs, additional revenue is now profit and can be invested into doing it again, and again, and again…When demand is greater than what you can produce, I suggest placing your production to a small local factory. With this, manufacturing costs have to be factored into your profit margins but now you are free to work on designing and producing new styles! Yay!! You are now the owner of a small, locally manufactured clothing company. Give yourself a pat on the back.MISTAKES I MADE MY FIRST TIME PRODUCINGCongratulations on selling out your first production of tee shirts. You can now request feedback from your customers on the fit and utility of your garment and adjust your patterns if needed. Once you have positive reviews and are confident in your product, you can play with raising your prices to whatever you think is right for your target demographic. Since your one-time costs have already been recouped, besides materials and fixed costs, additional revenue is now profit can be invested into doing it again, and again, and again…When demand is higher than what you can produce, I suggest placing your production to a small local factory. With this, manufacturing costs must now be factored into your profit margins. On the other hand, you are now free to work on designing and producing new styles! Yay!! You are now the owner of a small, locally manufactured clothing company—Pat yourself on the back!MISTAKES I MADE MY FIRST TIME PRODUCING​If you decide to work with a manufacturer, do your research and due diligence for every service you are purchasing for your sense of security, financial, and mental well being. I will not give the “one-stop-shop” that ripped me off the first time I produced clothing the dignity of being named in this article. Instead, I will thank them for showing me everything not to do and the type of business practices that I will not engage in. What I learned the most from going through the experience was the need to have adequate knowledge of not only what you are purchasing, but the entire process and correct methods that yield the best possible results for what you are trying to achieve.All in, hundreds of thousands of dollars were lost, and we received thousands of units of garments that we had to sell below the cost to produce them. This all because this particular manufacturer was more focused on producing as many units as possible rather than producing quality garments. You save a lot of time and money by taking your time, only making purchases as needed, gaining references, and building trust with the manufacturers and vendors with whom you choose to work alongside. Be knowledgeable, and don’t give anyone the opportunity to do the same to you.​GOOD LUCK!-KailKAIL'S GOOD COMPANY