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I am living in Germany since August 2013 and I from India, this I guess makes me qualified to answer this question.Germany is an exciting country to travel to when I had just arrived in the Autumn of 2013. I was freshly out of college and had dropped my plan B and plan C in India to take up the plan A to study abroad and Germany had won the debate of which country best suits me.The experience is mixed. Without knowing the language in this country can make your life a bit miserable and inefficient. But taking up the language of another country was a start of another exciting experience in itself. While exploring the city of where I first lived and did not know the meaning of “Einbahnstraße”, it was funny when a friend called on the phone to ask where am I in the city and when said the earlier German name, it took him a whole hour to give up on finding the street on a paper map we used first few days because no map will mention the one way streets on their paper maps!(we still did not have internet connections on phone as it took some days to get the things and start our life in Germany). I got to know the culture and history of this country by attending the German course provided by my university .The new education system compared to where I am from, was that you are the wholesomely responsible for how you shape your learning curve was also a new thing for me being Indian. We are given the structured lecture plans, teachers take attendance and minimum attendance policies make it difficult some times for us to sit in boring lectures. In Germany one could walk right out in the middle of the lecture if not interested or had another lecture or other commitment to take care of while the professor was in the middle of explaining “Which type of welding process is most suitable in the deep water welding applications” was an act of bravery to me and this was as common as breathing in day today life. Beer was served in the campuses and was cheaper than water to buy in Supermarkets, these things kinda gave me a different view on life here in Germany. Nudity is accepted openly where people walked stark naked in the locker rooms and in another instance students (I meant both sexes) would just strip off to bare minimum and lay down in the green patch on a sunny day in the most central part of university, in summer all carried a towel to sun bath whenever there is hot sun outside, its a privilege to have hot sun few days of the year.When it comes to food, Germany has a great amount of meat as most people eat meat. For vegetarians it is also not very bad. You can find a lot of vegetarian, vegan and also milk based cuisines easily in the city and of course you can buy everything in the supermarkets and in Indian stores in every city major and smaller cities of Germany. Hence it is not a great deal with food and one can learn new cuisine to cook and enjoy the cooking.As for work, Germany has great opportunities and recent changes in the employment rules makes it easier to be employable. One major hurdle would be to learn the language. After learning the language you have a lot of opportunities in different fields. And Germany has a great work life balance in its employment regulations, one can shut off your mind from work once you leave the office and no one would bother to contact and expect a response after work hours.There are several Indian communities in Germany of which one can think to be part of and thereby be active in the events organised by the communities on different occasions such as Diwali, Dasshera, Holi, Ganesh festivals and other events.All in all living in Germany for Indians is an amazing experience and one could be given an opportunity to learn a different language, make friends from different culture and live a decent life but still be in touch with Indian roots through being active in Indian communities.

Since Habib has already provided an excellent overview of European attitudes towards immigration as a whole, I would like to present a case study: Finland.For background, I have been working in the field of immigration since 2003, and witnessed the changes in Finland’s immigration policies as well as the polarization of the climate of opinion.My own views towards immigration are very positive and, I believe, also quite realistic. I acknowledge that there are certain challenges, not least due to the attitudes of too many Finnish employers; but immigration is, above all, a possibility that should be taken as such.But let’s look at the attitudes of Finns more generally.The Finnish Business and Policy Forum EVA has studied the attitudes of Finnish people towards immigration since 1998.In the following chart, you can see how respondents have described their agreement with the statement “The aging of the population of our country and the imminent demographic decline require facilitating immigration to Finland.”Talvi means ‘winter,’ syksy means ‘autumn,’ and the different alternatives are marked with different colours: dark purple for “completely agree,” pale purple for “somewhat agree,” white for “hard to say,” pale blue for “somewhat disagree,” and darker blue for “completely disagree.” You can see the scale below the chart, and the precise percentages are also presented on the right.[1]In 1998, 61 % of the respondents disagreed with the statement at least somewhat. By 2019, the percentage had dropped to 36.In 1998, only 19 % agreed with the statement, while in 2019 the percentage was 39.Naturally a lot has happened in the 21 years between the first and the most recent survey. Our population has aged, which has made the statement sound more accurate by default; and the number of immigrants has risen considerably.The following chart presents the number of foreign citizens residing in Finland. Many people with a migrant background are naturalized citizens, so the real number of people who were born outside of Finland is higher.[2]However, the development in attitudes is not straightforward.As you can see, there is a spike in negative attitudes in winter 2016. That’s one year after what the European media insisted on calling “migrant crisis.”In the autumn of 2015, the number of asylum seekers in Finland had suddenly increased disproportionately, as you can see in the following chart (explanation of the Finnish texts in the comments).[3]The real crisis was, of course, in the countries of origin.We in Europe faced what I prefer to call a crisis of humanity: legislations were tightened, and country evaluations were revised tendentiously in order to justify mass deportations to countries like Iraq or Afghanistan.Our reception system was only barely able to accomodate all asylum seekers, but somehow it was achieved. Thousands of people, mainly women, volunteered to help the newcomers — so there was also a lot of caring.On the other hand, the media kept writing about “refugee flood” and “crisis,” and there was a palpable feeling of threat: how can we, a population of 5.5 million, accomodate tens of thousands of people if they keep coming with this intensity also in the future?Again, remember the graph above. In September 2015 we didn’t know if the change in the number of asylum seekers was a temporary phenomenon, or if it was the new normal. Finns tend to be very future-oriented. We love to prepare for all kinds of things in advance, and when faced with a completely new situation it is easy to feel helpless.The Finnish authorities were in a panic mode.As a consequence, we saw a drastic rise in racism, both online and otherwise. The discussion suffered from deep polarization.I think there is something that needs to be said about the Finnish reality, before I go on.Please understand that I’m not trying to justify racism or xenophobia; I firmly believe that Finland needs immigrants; our population is aging, the birth rate is historically low, and we really need more taxpayers.I condemn all racism in all its forms!So the following isn’t meant to justify the negative attitudes against immigration; but I want to describe how the Finnish society differs from the American one, not to explain racism away, but to discuss the particular challenges that we face here.First, we still had a relatively high unemployment rate in 2015.[4]According to the OECD report Working Together: The Skills and labour market integration of immigrants and their children in Finland, the unemployment rate among immigrants is almost three times as high as among people who were born here. Among the people with a refugee background the unemployment rate is the highest.[5] [6]One important reason for this is the insufficient language proficiency. Our system doesn’t seem to be able to help people to integrate efficiently, despite the fact that immigrants are entitled to study Finnish/Swedish while receiving social benefits during the first 3 years that they live here.In 2016, only 1/5 of the immigrants who participated in courses of Finnish as a second language achieved the level B1 that is required for participating in laboral preparatory training. Less than 50 % achieved the level A2, which is required for preparatory courses for vocational training.The insufficient language proficiency led to the marginalization of newcomers from the labour market.In 2015, as many 2/5 of the people who participated in the 3-year integration program, ended up unemployed.In many ways, our current system doesn’t function optimally.Please note that I’m not blaming the newcomers. The Finnish labour market is in many ways rigid, and the institutionalized integration system fails to offer more customized courses and a more work-oriented approach.But imagine yourself: most people who move to Finland already speak English somewhat. If this were the USA, they could start working right away.In contrast, our labour market mostly still functions in Finnish. That slows down the labour market participation of many newcomers considerably.Simultaneously, our welfare state is much more generous than that of the USA, so that it is possible to cope without working — even permanently.Granted, it is not an ideal situation, and most people who move here would absolutely prefer to work. Most people try their best.And they certainly could contribute more to our society than they currently do. The people who move here are often as highly educated as native Finns. In 2014, 34 % of both native Finns and newcomers had a diploma in higher education, and the difference was small also when it comes to secondary education (49 % for native Finns and 42 % for newcomers).[7](The explanations of the Finnish texts are in the comments.)Which brings us to one of the biggest problems: there’s a lot of room for improvement when it comes to the attitudes of Finnish employers.It is only very gradually accepted that people can be good employees even if their Finnish is not perfect.Finnish legislation prohibits discriminating against ethnic minorities in labour market, but employers have often circumvented the law by expecting a native-level Finnish proficiency — also in jobs that don’t require it.There’s also evidence of remarkable discrimination in our labour market.In a study that will be published this autumn, the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment found that identical job applications led to a job interview in 36 % of the cases when signed with a Finnish name, while only 10 % of them led to a job interview when they were signed with a Somali name.[8]Clearly, language proficiency doesn’t explain the great differences in the unemployment rate.There has been a lot of discussion about shortening the paths to work life, taking into account better than before the existing skill sets and education of the newcomers, combining language training and work, providing better and more personalized counseling services, campaigns to change the attitudes of the employers, etc.The authorities do realize that Finland has by many criteria failed in helping people to integrate in the way they would prefer to integrate: participating in the labour force.It is nowadays mostly acknowledged by the authorities that we need more immigration, we need to resolve the challenges in the integration process, and we need to accept that Finnish skills cannot be always required in recruitment.Many Finns see this clearly.We have friends and colleagues who have moved here from somewhere else, we have often also lived abroad ourselves, and realize that we need more taxpayers to cover the increasing needs caused by our distorted age structure.[9]But there are those roughly 36 % who don’t agree that facilitating immigration is the solution.There are many different reasons for this, ranging from downright racism and xenophobia to a more pragmatic worry about the high unemployment rates among newcomers and the sustainability of our welfare state.Often an insufficient understanding of the real reasons behind the higher unemployment rates fosters negative attitudes towards immigration.Sometimes also the economical worries (which are usually considered more acceptable) are used to mask the real reasons behind opposing immigration, i.e. a desire that Finland remain as homogeneous as it has been until very recently.However, attitudes have slowly improved, and we have also seemed to recover from the low of the winter 2016.In conclusion, immigration is a possibility.We clearly need it to compensate for the loss of manpower due to the retirement of the baby boomers.However, there are many structural problems when it comes to the integration of the newcomers, which both costs us money and results in negative attitudes. It usually takes way too long before people who move here can contribute to the financing of our welfare state by paying taxes, which is naturally very frustrating for the people themselves.Attracting international talents is not easy, either: Finland suffers from a difficult, marginal language and a depressing climate, and xenophobia naturally doesn’t help.But despite the racism that has become much more visible, I believe the majority of Finns really do have a more positive attitude towards immigration than before.Footnotes[1] Suomalaisten maahanmuuttoasenteet pehmenevät, mutta muutos on hidas[2] Foreign citizens[3] Turvapaikanhakijoiden määrä on romahtanut vuodessa[4] Statistics Finland[5] Eve Kyntäjä: OECD-raportti maahanmuuttajien kotoutumisesta Suomeen[6] Working Together: Skills and Labour Market Integration of Immigrants and their Children in Finland[7] Ulkomaalaistaustaisessa väestössä paljon korkeasti ja paljon matalasti koulutettuja [8] Somalinuoret nähtävä yksilöinä –Työllistymisen solmukohtia puitiin Porissa[9] Population

Avionics is AVIation ElectrONICS, one of the engineering fields involved in aviation. Electronic Engineering will be a useful field in the long term, as you seek to have an aviation career.(1) Build some relevant experience. It may be too late to arrange anything before you return to your studies in the Autumn, but during the coming half-year, you should take the opportunity to discuss with your instructors (and any other contacts in the aviation field) the getting of a summer 2013 job with an airline or manufacturer. Take advantage of any opportunity to discuss this with airline or manufacturing staff that you may meet, either as instructors or during student tours. Pay a call on target firms' Human Resources staffs to discuss how you should prepare yourself, how you should approach the firm, and what sorts of jobs there might be for you.(2) Another avenue: The military and other organizations operate and maintain lots of aircraft. They may have summer employment programs, internship programs, or even part-time entry-level employment. The arrangements may be informal or may be as formal as joining a military reserve unit or signing up for training.(3) Start paying attention to avionics and ground-based radar and communication systems, as well as airborne systems.Get your Amateur Radio Operator's credential, and find a local society or club that will help you learn about digital communications modes.Find out about computer industry certification credentials that will be helpful and applicable to either your studies or your career. Start collecting those credentials. Get your hands inside some computers, fixing or upgrading or building them.