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For the same reason the British abandoned the winning trinity of tricorne hats, red coats and the brown bess musket.For the record Gladius just means sword in Latin and Scutum just means shields and they didn’t abandon those. The modern convention of calling the medium and longer swords spatha is partly a modern convention and not a historic one. A general lengthening of the infantry sword and the shift from wearing it on the right hand side to wearing it on the left hand side occurred from 150 AD onward but it was of course still referred to as a sword or gladius.The winning combination was only part of the equipment of the army. The cavalry and auxiliaries used different gear that was more like the equipment used by standard soldiers of later times. Around the start of the Crisis of the Third Century auxiliaries already made up the majority of the army making up around 55 to 60% of its soldiers.But to zoom in a little bit more on the ‘winning combination’ of the citizen legionary one has to be keep in mind that it wasn’t a static setup. The short ‘gladius’ kept changing form throughout the entire imperial period so that one in use during the time of Caesar might not have been used during the reign of Marcus Aurelius.The fundamentals were the same however. An armor wearing soldier with a huge shield casts a javelin and then draws a very short sword, moves in for close quarter combat and beats the opponent fighting a very individual style of fighting. The spear wielding German tribesman by contrast fought in a much denser phalanx at greater distance and were typically outmatched at the close quarters combat the Roman legionary preferred.Whether it was the Mainz type;or the Pompei type;Is largely an academic matter.The very short form was being phased out during the second half of the 2nd century in favor of medium or longer swords. They also started being worn on the left hand side rather than the right one. The increase in length of around 15 to 20 centimeters would give the wielder more range to work with when thrusting or cutting. This may have been influenced by their experience fighting more cavalry centric armies of the Parthians or the steppe people increasingly moving across the Danube frontier. Combined with increased usage of the spear and the flat or dished oval shields it may also have been part of reforming the infantry so as to make it a more cohesive whole. Going from very “individual” shields and extremely close range weapons to shields better suited for fighting in a dense formation and swords better for fighting at a longer distance.The lorica segmentata was only in use for a relatively short while and never universal in use among the legionaries. It is often suggested it was a budget decision being a cheaper alternative to mail armor. If that was the case then it was superseded in that area by more extensive use of scale armor which like segmentata would be cheaper than mail. The segmented manica arm guard seems to have outlasted the segmentata body armour quite a bit as it remained in use. As far as mail and helmets go we actually see an increase in the protectiveness of some pieces. Helmet start protecting the neck better and the mail sleeves of some shirts got longer so as to cover the whole arm. Again it is likely these changes to the defensive equipment are in some way related to the reduced importance of huge semi cylindrical shields and short swords.

I will express an opinion which may be contrary to present narrative across the country:Union budget 2019:Few questions first :Does the budget represent current realities in this country. ?Does it look like a confidence vision by a government who has been reelected with such massive mandate?Does the budget has any concrete plans and visions for future?Does the budget present any blue print on what does being 5 trillion economy means?Does the budget change anything for Education particularly school and college education?Does the budget change anything on delivery of health services ?Does the budget do anything to rah the goal of doubling farmers income by 2022?Does the budget do anything on creating Jobs?If you will go through the budget speech and documents and details published in the media you will find the budget to be DAMP SQUIB , a document which does not represent any reality of such massive mandate and seems to be a half hearted exercise which had to be statutorily completed and the government had no interest in putting its vision and mission for the next 5 years.The government had an opportunity to be bold and aggressive in changing the reality of this nation in many ways but it has not got out off its habit of raising platitudes which are hollow .The budget has 2 good proposals and they are : Piped water in every village and solid waste treatment as part of Swach 2 initiative.For the above list :Government had massive opportunity to focus on improving EDUCATION and HEALTH infrastructure, which would have turned India into advanced nation and deliveries and qualities would have matched any where globally and this would have created lakhs and lakhs of jobs for the youth. But sorry the government is not interested and we as people of India are indifferent to it; the media awakes only when there is outbreak of preventable disease and death like in Gorakhpur and Muzzafarpur ……..The government had massive opportunity to legally introduce BT seeds , dismantle APMC and increase government procurement, create infrastructure for COLD chain, rainwater harvesting, rehabilitating water bodies, rehabilitating rivers. Just understand when there is no water for irrigation in hinterland, villages, from where the water for piped supply will be sourced. Presently India is defined as water scare geography for 9 of the 12 months every year, the depleting water sources and unavailability of drinking water in TN , parched fields of Marathwada, Bundelkhand , Orissa etc do not interest us and sorry the government is also not interested.Without proper health, education, suitable employbility , with low or no returns on investments to farmer, small and marginal business, SME, MSME. Export sectors it does not matter if the Stock Market declares India to be 5 trillion economy, this government claims that we became 2 trillion economy between 2014–2019 but does it change anything on ground level. NO. The government had massive opportunity to push the gains of the so called booming economy to the bottom of the pyramid but other than few cosmetic changes here and there nothing concrete has been done or intentions to do have been displayed.The availability of power , drinking water, the mismanagement of traffic and services in most urban centers , the massive urban decay all around us , The waste management situation, the air, water, land pollution, maintenance and improvement of public assets , the climate change, and other issues do not interest most of us and as we do not talk about it and are SORRY the government is indifferent and just not interested.I have not touched other issues like Banking, NBFC, Defence, etc as I believe there are people who can articulate better then me on these issues. Based on my experience across the country i hoped the government after getting such massive approvals and mandate would get down from High Pedestal and use this opportunity to realy bring change in our lives and give a massive push to become a developed and high income nation but alas it seems its our destiny to be member of mid income countries and looking at the budget it seems the government is just not interested to push us to being high income country and as usual we the people of the country are not interested and we are actually happy at the crumbs being thrown to us in form of IT rebate which is nullified by surcharge on fuel in mid to long term and proves the claim of being a 2–3 trillion economy with robust Tax collection both direct and indirect and massive success of GST as patently false and untrue.Post Script:I do not how many of the readers follow non GODI media but a news has been circulating which is not VIRAL as it is of no consequence and importance : Students in Pitthoragarh district ( which is on tri-junction of boundary between India-Nepal-China) are agitating for teachers and latest books in the library of the college. But no body is giving them a hearing; the fact is latest books in the library are of 1987 vintage; nearly 30 years since new books were purchased; still the students are studying about Soviet Union and cold war but soviet Union does not exist, Cold war has been won, Berlin wall no longer exist .Pitthoragarh is not an exception but similar conditions exist across the country.The above displays apathy of the political class and the government despite having received massive mandate in 2019 has shown no empathy towards such conditions of our colleges across the country.But as the media, and common citizens of this country is not interested in these news the government is also does not talk or speak about it and these issues do not attract traction among common citizens of this country hence there is no protest on import duty imposed on importing books.

Here are the few changes in the Release note for Tally.ERP 9 Release 5.5.7 GST Ready condition which we will enhance these concepts with Tally Training in Chandigarh :New VAT Experience: Jammu and Kashmir, Dadar and Nagar HaveliReconsidered VAT rates Supported : Tamil NaduTDS: Budget Changes 2017– 18 SupportedTCS: Budget Changes 2017– 18 SupportedMerchant Excise : Accurate Count of vouchers for opening and shutting supply of Dealer Excise is kept up amongst first and second type organization subsequent to part the organization information.Finance: The most recent FUV apparatus adaptation 5.4 is upheld to approve the structures for ETDS/TCS before filling returns.Item ImprovementBookkeeping: As far as possible for the gathering was indicated in the base cash and the business exchange against the gathering was passed in outside cashInformation Management : Unfit to peruse information precisely from Tally Data records "This issue is settled"Stock : There were some issue in the past variant like, Rejected clusters of stock things were showing up in buy receipt, and Manufacturing date and expiry date of stock thing was not showing up in the Go-down Summary, This all issues are settled in this most recent renditionOccupation Work : At the point when a material in Voucher was made to track incompletely got merchandise against a vocation work out request, in the adjustment method of the Material In voucher, the Consumption Go down was showing up as Not pertinent and Component Consumption Details were blank.This issue is ResolvedPrintingBuy/SalesConveyance NoteReceipt NoteDeals Order/Purchase OrderDismissal In/Rejection OutCredit/Debit NoteThis issue is settled with these following improvements.Item Response ImprovementDeals OrderSecurity ControlExtract for ManufacturerExtract for TradersVat-All StatesVat - State WiseAdministration Tax : The Message Error in TDL was shown while printing the Service Tax Liability report of Form ST 3 when there were expansive number of exchanges, this issue is settled.TCS : According to Union Budget of money related year 2017– 18 the accompanying changes are bolstered:TCS Nature of Goods screenRate and Exemption Limit DetailsShape 27EQTDS: According to Union Budget of Financial year 2017– 18, the accompanying Nature of Payments are bolsteredInstallments for Call Center ChargesInstallment of money thought by Real Estate Developer to Property OwnerFor More information, tap on the given connection underneathTally | Tally ERP | Tally ERP 9 Software for Business