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Aren't Ironman and Batman basically the same type of character except with a different outfit?No, because there is a key difference between their suits and how it plays to their own combat preferences. Let’s break it down. On one side you have:Tony StarkNow, who is Tony as a public persona? Well, he’s a self-proclaimed “genius billionaire playboy philanthropist”, which sums up his character pretty well. Tony is massively intelligent, creating of 50 Marks of Iron Man suits, each with different functions and purposes. He’s also created an active AI life force that obeys his every command and acts upon them with his rate of intelligence. He has saved the world on numerous occasions with the aid of The Avengers and is overall a fantastic hero.But who is Tony Stark personally? Well, he’s made some incredibly rash and stupid decisions in his past, including giving a terrorist his home address with ZERO backup plan, playing into Loki’s hands perfectly in the Avengers which nearly lead to the decimation of the planet, and supplying terrorist groups with weapons of mass destruction. However, he is past this behavior and has hardened into a person who calculates his decisions before acting, though anger dispels these changes pretty quickly, as seen with his lashing out at Bucky in “Civil War”.Tony Stark, however, is not a man of subtlety. When he designed his suit, he wanted as many weapons that could cause as much damage as humanly possible. He, in short, is a blunt instrument, but he wields what he has to great effect where bluntness is the best option. However, as mentioned before, if he gets angry, or a rare time hits where he can’t think of a backup plan, he can blunder hard. He will throw himself into the heat of battle and give it everything he’s got, and if that doesn’t work, he’s dead. So in total, he’s a glass cannon, with a cannonball that can take out most things in its path, but against that one thing it can’t, it shatters.Now we take a look at:Bruce WayneBruce Wayne is in many ways like Stark, such as the wealth, the genius, the undeniable charm to women, and the enhanced gadgets he has to fuel his crusading nights.Bruce Wayne and Stark are much different though. Tony Stark hides nothing, he’s honest with all his opinions and emotions and has very little under the surface emotionally that no one knows about. Bruce Wayne hides everything. He witnessed his parents murders, has been through countless physical and mental ordeals most of which would drive a normal human being off the cliff of insanity, and yet keeps a suave, cool persona around other people. He’s also incredibly brilliant, having been credited with fluency in around 8 different languages, and degrees in fields such as Criminal Science, Chemistry, Engineering, Biology, and High Technology Applications. He’s also the human apex of physical fitness, deadlifting anywhere from 450 to 600 pounds, and is known to have mastered around 127 forms of armed and unarmed combat. So yeah, the guy is a human tank with a brain, a deadly combo.Bruce Wayne and Stark also wield their technology much differently. Stark sees his as a way to make a mortal a god, and jacks his suit with everything money can buy, and when he’s on the battlefield, utilizes every tool he has. Wayne uses his technology as a way to focus his skills, not enhance them. Bruce uses his training as a ninja to aid his mastery of projectile throwing with his Batarangs, as well as his prolific stealth skills. He uses his proficiency in human biology to help strike at an enemy’s weak points, all the while making sure not to deal a lethal blow, as normal a solid punch from this guy would turn your face into a pancake. Bruce also is a much greater analytical thinker than Tony, as where Tony creates backup plans as soon as a situation presents itself, Bruce has already thought of that solution, created a countermeasure, on top of 20 different situations that he has all thought of. But the biggest reason why Tony and Bruce are different is because of the way all of this comes together.Say they met on the battlefield, say, in a forest. Tony would almost certainly be the aggressor, flying at Bruce until suddenly, Batman drops a smoke pellet and is in the trees. In his moment of confusion, Bruce takes his time, analyzing Tony’s suit, figuring out the country of origin of its metals and remembering the chemical weakness’ inherent to these metals. However, Tony quickly spots him and fires a blast from his hand. Bruce rolls to the side and quickly whips a Batarang into the cannon, disabling it. Tony would then call on FRIDAY to fire missiles at the tree, which Batman narrowly avoids, though he is disgruntled by the process.Seeing his toys, Bruce would try to make this a hand to hand combat, tossing explosives in the air to force him to ground level, and they would proceed to fight hand to hand. Bruce would use various explosives containing chemical compounds to try and break Tony’s suit, where Tony would have FRIDAY make on the spot reparations to his suit. In total, it would be a long and arduous battle, and since I don’t want shit, I’m not going to say the verdict.But you see the difference: Tony Stark is a giant club, and Bruce Wayne is a sharpened knife. Similar on the surface, but when you get down to the nuts-and-bolts, they are very different.Sorry for the LOOOOONG answer.

Overview over 3D printing technologies - Additively - your access to 3D printingAdditive Manufacturing (AM) is a term to describe set of technologies that create 3D objects by adding layer-upon-layer of material. Materials can vary from technology to technology. But there are some common features for all Addictive Manufacturing, such as usage of computer together with special 3D modeling software. First thing to start this process is to create CAD sketch. Then AM device reads data from CAD file and builds a structure layer by layer from printing material, which can be plastic, liquid, powder filaments or even sheet of paper.The term Additive Manufacturing holds within such technologies like Rapid Prototyping (RP), Direct Digital Manufacturing (DDM), Layered Manufacturing and 3D Printing. There are different 3d printing methods that were developed to build 3D structures and objects. Some of them are very popular nowadays, others have been dominated by competitors.This article is focused at the following 3d printing technologies or some may call them types of 3D printers:Stereolithography(SLA)Digital Light Processing(DLP)Fused deposition modeling (FDM)Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)Selective laser melting (SLM)Electronic Beam Melting (EBM)Laminated object manufacturing (LOM)Stereolithography (SLA)Stereolithography is a 3d printing method that can be used to implement your projects that involve 3D printing of objects. Although this method is the oldest one in history of 3D printing it’s still being used nowadays. The idea and application of this method are amazing. Whether you are a mechanical engineer, who needs to verify if the part can fit to your design, or creative person who wants to make a plastic prototype of new coming project, Stereolithography can help you to turn your models into a real 3D printed object.This method was patented by Charles Hull, co-founder of 3D Systems, Inc in 1986. The process of printing involves a uniquely designed 3D printing machine called a stereolithograph apparatus (SLA), which converts liquid plastic into solid 3D objects.Most printing techniques require computer aid design (CAD) file to process the object. This file contains information about dimensional representation of an object. CAD file must be converted into a format that a printing machine can understand. There is Standard Tessellation Language (STL) format that is commonly used for stereolithography, as well as for other additive manufacturing processes. The whole process consists of consequent printing of layer by layer hence STL file that printing machine uses should have the information for each layer.SLA printing machines don’t work as usual desktop printers which extrude some amount of ink to the surface. SLA 3D printers work with excess of liquid plastic that after some time hardens and forms into solid object. Parts built with 3D printers type like this usually have smooth surfaces but its quality very depends on the quality of SLA machine used.The process of printing includes several steps. It starts from creation of 3D model in CAD program, special piece of software processes the CAD model and generates STL file that contains information for each layer. There could be up to ten layers per each millimeter. Then SLA machine exposes the liquid plastic and laser starts to form the layer of the item.After plastic hardens a platform of the printer drops down in the tank a fraction of a millimeter and laser forms the next layer until printing is completed. Once all layers are printed the object needs to be rinsed with a solvent and then placed in an ultraviolet oven to finish processing.The time required to print an object depends on size of SLA 3d printers used. Small items can be printed within 6-8 hours with small printing machine, big items can be several meters in three dimensions and printing time can be up to several days long.Stereolithography is widely used in prototyping as it doesn’t require too much time to produce an object and cost is relatively cheap comparing to other means of prototyping. Although this 3d printing method is rarely used for printing of the final product.Although Stereolithography is considered to be the oldest 3D printing technology many companies still use it to create prototypes of their projects. 3D Systems Inc., the company that started to use this method for prototyping, sells SLA machines to businesses and manufactures. Some of them can be found here.Home 3D printers usually use additive manufacturing(AM) processes and not stereolithography to produce 3D objects. But anyone interested in this technology can purchase SLA machine for home use and try this process on their own. One of examples of home use SLA 3d printer was created by Formlabs.For those who are interested in DIY experience, it can be useful to look at the following tutorial on Instructables.Digital Light Processing(DLP)Digital Light Processing is another 3D Printing process very similar to stereolithography. The DLP technology was created in 1987 by Larry Hornbeck of Texas Instruments and became very popular in Projectors production. It uses digital micro mirrors laid out on a semiconductor chip. The technology is applicable for movie projectors, cell phones and 3D printing.For 3D printing DLP as well as SLA works with photopolymers. But what makes SLA and DLP processes unalike is a different source of light. For DLP 3D amateurs generally use more conventional sources of lights such as arc lamps. The other important piece of process is a liquid crystal display panel, that is being applied to the whole surface of building material during single run of DLP process. The material to be used for printing is liquid plastic resin that is placed in the transparent resin container. The resin hardens quickly when affected by large amount of light.The printing speed is pretty impressive. The layer of hardened material can be created with such printer in few seconds. When the layer is finished, it’s moved up and the next layer is started to be worked on.Digital Light Processing (DLP) photo-credit: Video Effects ProdThe results of such printing are robust and have excellent resolution. Big advantage of DLP over SL is much less materials to be used for detail production, that results in lower cost and less waste. Examples of DLP rinses are the Envision Tec Ultra, MiiCraft High Resolution 3D printer, and Lunavast XG2.Fused deposition modeling (FDM)Fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology was developed and implemented at first time by Scott Crump, Stratasys Ltd. founder, in 1980s. Other 3D printing companies have adopted similar technologies but under different names. A well-known nowadays company MakerBot coined a nearly identical technology known as Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF).With help of FDM you can print not only functional prototypes, but also concept models and final end-use products. What is good about this technology that all parts printed with FDM can go in high-performance and engineering-grade thermoplastic, which is very beneficial for mechanic engineers and manufactures. FDM is the only 3D printing technology that builds parts with production-grade thermoplastics, so things printed are of excellent mechanical, thermal and chemical qualities.Credits:3DMT3D printing machines that use FDM Technology build objects layer by layer from the very bottom up by heating and extruding thermoplastic filament. The whole process is a bit similar to stereolithography. Firstly special software “cuts” CAD model into layers and calculates the way printer’s extruder would build each layer. Along to thermoplastic a printer can extrude support materials as well. Then the printer heats thermoplastic till its melting point and extrudes it throughout nozzle onto base, that can also be called a build platform or a table, along the calculated path. A computer of the 3d printer translates the dimensions of an object into X, Y and Z coordinates and controls that the nozzle and the base follow calculated path during printing. To support upper layer the printer may place underneath special material that can be dissolved after printing is completed.When the thin layer of plastic binds to the layer beneath it, it cools down and hardens. Once the layer is finished, the base is lowered to start building of the next layer. Printing time depends on size and complexity of an object printed. Small objects can be competed relatively quickly while bigger or more complex parts require more time. Comparing to stereolithography this technique is slower in processing. When printing is completed support materials can easily be removed either by placing an object into a water and detergent solution or snapping the support material off by hand. Then objects can also be milled, painted or plated afterwards.FDM technology is widely spread nowadays in variety of industries such as automobile companies like Hyundai and BMW or food companies like Nestle and Dial. FDM is used for new product development, model concept and prototyping and even in manufacturing development. This technology is considered to be simple-to-use and environment-friendly. With use of this 3d printing method it became possible to build objects with complex geometries and cavities.Different kind of thermoplastic can be used to print parts. The most common of those are ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) and PC (polycarbonate) filaments. There are also several types of support materials including water-soluble wax or PPSF (polyphenylsulfone).Pieces printed using this technology have very good quality of heat and mechanical resistance that allows to use printed pieces for testing of prototypes. FDM is widely useful to produce end-use products, particularly small, detailed parts and specialized manufacturing tools. Some thermoplastics can even be used in food and drug packaging, making FDM a popular 3D printing method within the medical industry.The price for those 3D printers depends on size and model. Professional ones usually cost from $10,000 and more. 3D Printers designed for home use are not so expensive. There are several models like Replicator of MakerBot, Mojo of Stratasys and Cube of 3D Systems. The price for these models varies from $1,200 to $10,000. However, new start-ups offer more and more affordable versions of FDM 3D printers, the price of which can be just about $300-$400.Also there are many fans of 3D printing or DIY’ers that prefer to create their own 3D printers from the very scratch. There are websites that offer big variety of DIY kits and parts for RepRap printers. For more information please refer to the following article where you can find basic things about how to build 3d printers from scratch.Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) is a technique that uses laser as power source to form solid 3D objects. This technique was developed by Carl Deckard, a student of Texas University, and his professor Joe Beaman in 1980s. Later on they took part in foundation of Desk Top Manufacturing (DTM) Corp., that was sold to its big competitor 3D Systems in 2001. As was stated previously, 3D systems Inc. developed stereolithography, which in some way is very similar to Selective Laser Sintering. The main difference between SLS and SLA is that it uses powdered material in the vat instead of liquid resin as stereolithography does.Unlike some other additive manufacturing processes, such as stereolithography (SLA) and fused deposition modeling (FDM), SLS doesn’t need to use any support structures as the object being printed is constantly surrounded by unsintered powder.Like all other methods listed above the process starts with creation of computer-aided design (CAD) file, which then needs to be converted to .stl format by special software. The material to print with might be anything from nylon, ceramics and glass to some metals like aluminum, steel or silver. Due to wide variety of materials that can be used with this type of 3d printer the technology is very popular for 3D printing customized products.SLS is more spread among manufactures rather than 3D amateurs at home as this technology requires the use of high-powered lasers, which makes the printer to be very expensive. Though there are several start-ups the work on development of low-cost SLS printing machines. For example, Andreas Bastian has shared details about his developed SLS printer that uses carbon and wax for printing. Another great example is the Focus SLS printer that can be easily used at home conditions and initially was presented at Thingiverse. More details about it can be found following this link.Selective laser melting (SLM)Selective laser melting (SLM) is a technique that also uses 3D CAD data as a source and forms 3D object by means of a high-power laser beam that fuses and melts metallic powders together. In many sources SLM is considered to be a subcategory of selective laser sintering (SLS). But this is not so true as SLM process fully melts the metal material into solid 3D-dimentional part unlike selective laser sintering. The history of SLM started with German research project held by group of Fraunhofer Institute ILT in 1995.Similarly to other 3d printing methods CAD file needs to be processed by special software to slice the CAD file information into 2D layers. The file format used by printing machine is also a standard .stl file. Right after the file is loaded the printing machine’s software assigns parameters and values for construction of the path.The fine metal powder is evenly distributed onto a plate, then each slice of 2D layer image is intensively fused by applying high laser energy that is directed to the powdered plate. The energy of laser is so intense that metal powder melts fully and forms a solid object. After the layer is completed the process starts over again for the next layer. Metals that can be used for SLM include stainless steel, titanium, cobalt chrome and aluminum.This method of printing is widely applied to parts with complex geometries and structures with thin walls and hidden voids or channels. Lots of pioneering SLM projects were dedicated to aerospace application for different lightweight parts. SLM is great for project that experience such kind of problems like tooling and physical access difficulties to surfaces for machining, as well as restrict the design of components. The technology is not widely spread among at-home users but mostly among manufactures of aerospace and medical orthopedics. But the whole process of acceptance, certification and final approval takes some time which results in long time for development and qualification for this technology.You also may be interested in reading about MX3D-metal printer that can create metal constructions in mid-air.Electronic Beam Melting (EBM)EBM is another type of additive manufacturing for metal parts. It was originally coined by Arcam AB Inc. in the beginning of this century. The same as SLM, this 3d printing method is a powder bed fusion technique. While SLM uses high-power laser beam as its power source, EBM uses an electron beam instead, which is the main difference between these two methods. The rest of the processes is pretty similar.The material used in EBM is metal powder that melts and forms a 3D part layer by layer by means of a computer, that controls electron beam in high vacuum. Contrary to SLS, EBM goes for full melting of the metal powder. The process is usually conducted under high temperature up to 1000 °C.Comparing to SLM the process of EBM is rather slow and expensive, also the availability of materials is limited. So the method is not so popular though still used in some of manufacturing processes. Currently the most well spread materials that are used for EBM are commercially pure Titanium, Inconel 718 and Inconel 625. The application of EBM is mainly focused on medical implants and aerospace area.Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM)Laminated object manufacturing (LOM) is one more rapid prototyping system that was developed by the California-based company Helisys Inc.During the LOM process, layers of adhesive-coated paper, plastic or metal laminates are fused together using heat and pressure and then cut to shape with a computer controlled laser or knife. Post-processing of 3D printed parts includes such steps as machining and drilling.The LOM process includes several steps. Firstly, CAD file is transformed to computer format, which are usually STL or 3DS. LOM printers use continuous sheet coated with an adhesive, which is laid down across substrate with a heated roller. The heated roller that is passed over the material sheet on substrate melts its adhesive. Then laser or knife traces desired dimensions of the part. Also the laser crosses hatches of any excess material in order to help to remove it easily after the printing is done.After the layer is finished, the platform is moved down by about one-sixteenth of an inch. A new sheet of the material is pulled across substrate and adhered to it with a heated roller. The process is repeated over and over again until 3D part if fully printed. When any excess material has been cut the part can be sanded or sealed with a paint. If paper materials were used during printing, then the object would have wood-like properties, which means it needs to be protected from moisture. So to cover it with a lacquer or paint might be a very good idea.Probably LOM is not the most popular 3D printing method but one of the most affordable and fastest. The cost of printing is low due to not expensive raw materials. Objects printed with LOM can be relatively big, that means that no chemical reaction needed to print large parts.Currently Cubic Technologies, the successor to Helisys Inc., is the main manufacturer of LOM printers. There are not too many companies these days that work with LOM technology. But it’s worth mentioning the Irish company Mcor Technologies Ltd. that sells LOM 3D printers. Their devices are widely being used by artists, architects and product developers to create affordable projects from usual letter paper.The printers that are being sold by Cubic Technologies for home use are pretty expensive comparing to Makerbot Replicator or 3D System’s Cube devices. However printers from Mcor Technologoes can become more popular in the nearest future, as they came to partnership with office supplier retailer Staples. They offer in-store printing services including printing of predefined parts like phone cases, pens, jewelry and many other useful things. Also there can be custom objects ordered that would be based on customers own design.We have include only most popular 3D printers type into this article and if you have anything to add to it, feel free to leave your comments. We will gladly enrich it with additional information.

Accepting that I'm indeed late to confront this question as the term "Bitcoin" was one of the most widely discussed topics of 2017, atleast among financial investors and tech savvys. It is not too late either as the reverberations created by the term "Bitcoin" has not yet settled and not expected to subside in near future too. By virtue of whatever discussions happened, "Bitcoin" is still a mystery to common man.Here I'm making an effort within my limited knowledge to make the explanation for Bitcoin and decipher its meaning understandable to a layman.Let's begin with a storyPM of India announced demonetisation of ₹.500 and ₹.1000 currencies. A remote tribal village of India- Disney Land was worst hit. Residents of the village took an oath in the presence of village headman that they will never use Indian Rupee in their life. But there arised a problem, what will be used as a medium of exchange to buy goods??? A man named Micky Mouse came with an idea: Disneyland would introduce a new currency "Disney coins". But again a problem arised, how to circulate the new Disney coins?? Micky Mouse again... Those brave men who extract honey from honeycombs will be awarded Disney coins and they can use it to buy goods within Disney Land. As residents of Disney Land are very conscious about privacy, the identity of persons dealing with Disney coins are not made public. To ensure authenticity of Disney coins issue, a new system of Notebook chain was introduced: Every transaction of Disney coins are to be recorded in several notebooks maintained by many residents of Disney Land, which is regularly updated and can be verified and accessed by public at any time.From this story it is evident that Disney coins are based on the acceptance by residents of Disney Land and cannot be used outside Disney Land.Now keep the story in mind, and let me begin my answer to original question.BackgroundThe global financial crisis of 2008 put commercial banks under red light. Many big banks in USA collided and savings amounting to millions lost to many. This situation raised a simple question: What option available to people if banks cannot be trusted? A man (Widely speculated to be a group of men) named Natoshi Nakomoto came up with an answer:- a "peer-to-peer", "trustless" cash transaction system based on technologies called "quantum cryptography" and "blockchain". Thus born a new kid on the block - The "Crypto currency". Nakomoto assigned a name to the newly invented financial mystery, the crypto currency - "Bitcoin". Thus it is clear that the term Bitcoin is just a nomenclature assigned by its inventor to the crypto currency. Crypto currencies are simply a class of virtual currencies that are made (mined) using the technology of quantum cryptography.Man: Mr. Donald :: Crypto currency: Bitcoin!So, from here onwards I am going to use the term "crypto currency" and not Bitcoin. (You know why!)Before going to decipher mystery behind crypto currencies, it is must to have a clear understanding about basic systems of money. Money in common parlance is simply the medium of exchange for goods or services received . You have been hearing about barter system since Your primary classes: The first money system in which goods are exchanged for goods. It suffered many drawbacks, in which the greatest being "need of coincidence of wants" (The wants of both person and the goods in their hand to exchange must be coincided) and lack of divisibility (a person cannot exchange his cow for one kilogram of rice). Thus in course of time paddy was accepted as a common exchange medium and paddy vendors acted as middlemen of trade. It also had many drawbacks such as storage problems and durability of goods. As the time passed, people started moving towards metals such as gold, silver and copper as medium of exchanges. It too was no free from drawbacks. Using metal as medium of exchange needed the service of experts to test the purity of metals brought to bought goods and also to divide metals in exact decimal values for goods exchanged. Thus gold smiths who acted as trusted agents of traders evolved as "bankers" in course of time. Since the metals are too heavy to carry and the associated risk is high, the new bankers (Gold smiths) began to issue metal plates inscribing the value corresponding to the deposits made, with their seal bearing on it- practically making the outset of "currency system". This system though rectified many problems of its ancestors, had a greatest drawback: Lack of trust....With the establishment of new kingdoms and empires all over the world, the public authorities took the responsibility of currency minting. They issued currencies mostly in gold standards (Issuing currencies to the exact amount of gold reserves). The system of paper currency can be traced to ancient China. As the time passed and with the developments in economy, the world countries started moving to "fiat currencies" (Issued upon the trust of issuing authority, simply the central Bank of a country) which is used at present. The digital form of fiat currencies is called digital currency which includes debit card, credit card, electronic fund transfer etc. All types of fiat currencies have the control hand of the issuing authorities over it.Fiat currencies are suffering great drawbacks of value erosion due to inflation and measures such as demonetisation. Privacy issues are also to be pronounced.Now let me go to the jargon terms behind crypto currencies."Crypto currencies are virtually created peer-to-peer currencies which are outside the purview of formal financial system and created (mined) using the technology of quantum cryptography and operated using the technology of Blockchain".Peer-to-peerIf You are using messenger applications such as WhatsApp and Telegram, You ought to know what a peer-to-peer system is. It simply means if a message is transmitted through a peer-to-peer messenger application, the only two persons who can access it are the sender and the recipient. None else in the world is able to know the content of that message. In other words they are not stored in the centralised servers.MiningIt is the process of creating new crypto currencies. The process is called as mining because of the reason that creating a new crypto currency have the same difficulty level of mining precious metals like gold. Mining uses the technology of "quantum cryptography". It is a process of solving high difficulty level problems with the help of high speed processor computers. It consumes huge amount of power for its operations. Those solving the complex problems are rewarded with crypto currencies. Simply, it is operated by a software with many complex problems and those who solve it are rewarded.Coming to Bitcoins, the maximum bitcoins that can be mined are only 21 million in number, thus defending it from the spectre of inflation and value erosion.BlockchainHow an iron chain is made? Yes, by interconnecting iron rings to one another. The same logic is acting behind Blockchain technology.Let me made it more simple by an example:You are going to a shop and buy goods worth ₹.100. You try paying him with a plain white paper, will he accept it? Never (You already know why!). Now You try to paying him with a colour photocopy of ₹.100 note! In first instance he will catch You. Now You need to act a little bit more smart. Yes, You came with a forged currency of ₹.100 an exact replica of original. In this case the probability is more that You outsmart the shopkeeper. Now there happened a "double spending" equivalent to the amount of ₹.100 (The original ₹.100 minted by the Central Bank and ₹.100 forged by You).To solve this issue of double spending, Economies all over the world are pushing for digital transactions. Given anything digital can be copied, how do You prevent someone spending the same unit of currency twice, thrice or even more? Today's cashless economy tackle this issue by a "centralised ledger" maintained in the server of a trusted intermediary- simply banks. But can we trust banks??? (Remember story of Great Financial Crisis of 2008).So, what is the solution?Nakamoto again emerged as a saviour! He (or they) solved the problem of double spending by designing a decentralised ledger (not maintained in a central server) that bundles data about transactions into blocks, timestamp them and link each new one of them with previous ones creating an unbreakable chain of blocks that are copied, authenticated and updated continuously and publicly in thousand of computers- The Blockchain!The members of network are motivated with the rewards in the form of Bitcoins or any other Crypto Currencies for validating every transactions.How it works?Crypto currencies are transacted using softwares called "Vallets". It can be created by anyone. Like anyone can deposit money in a coffer infront of a temple or church, anyone can deposit crypto currencies to that vallet, but only owner of the vallet can take it out of vallet. All transactions regarding crypto currencies are marked in the Blockchain with a specific name- the address. For example 3GtmDuwLfZJsLgVjV7tKwH3N4paYXR56dT is a Bitcoin address. Any details regarding the vallet can be accessed by anyone using the network by entering that address in the Blockchain. One can easily know how many transactions took place, balance of Bitcoins etc. This is publicly available and anyone can verify it.How many Crypto currencies are there?There are hundreds of it, Bitcoins being most famous. Cryptocurrency Market Capitalizations | CoinMarketCap, a website that tracks the market capitalisation of crypto currencies, lists 1379 currencies. There is a recent news that Reliance Jio is going to start their own crypto currency!Hope it helped You!!!!!