Reservation Agreement Sample: Fill & Download for Free

I don't like the deal. It gives up far too much of our fishing rights, the transition period is far too long, far too much money is being paid and a whole lot of other things that I didn't like about Mays deal. In addition there are no provisions for a trading agreement within it. So all we really wanted are not in it. Nevertheless I hope it passes for the following reason.I am fine with a no deal outcome. I have sampled the available facts and think with adequate preparation it does not have to be a disaster. It keeps all of our red lines and is just as useful for seeking an ongoing trading arrangement. It is however profoundly unreasonable for me to expect everyone else to have reached the same conclusion. I am from Scotland and quite frankly my opinion is not a majority. Other peoples opinions are just as valid as my own.The deal represents a compromise that takes into account those who are concerned about no deal or who have not reached the same conclusion as me. I cannot compromise with people who will accept nothing that is not remaining so they have to be discounted. Those people in the middle of the extremes decide the future of this country and I think the deal protects enough of their concerns while meeting the goal of leaving the European Union. It is in my opinion as close to a broken down majority view of Brexit as we can expect.I did not support Theresas deal because it had no unilateral right to get out of the agreement. It gave all control to the EU and kept us locked into a permanent customs union with no escape. That was totally unreasonable. This adapted version however is open to the political forces of the country to change, bin or further it. In the short term it totally removes the threat of our traitorous MPs keeping us in the EU on their own agency.54% of people believe the referendum should be respected and I think this deal does enough to respect the referendum and at the same time meeting the concerns of those who have been trained by the media to fear everything Brexit related.ITN Brexit Referendum Poll October 2019 " ComResIn conclusion I believe the deal offers as much of a consensus as is possible. While I personally have my reservations on it and would prefer a no deal to its passing I cannot reasonably expect 60% or greater of the country to have the same views as me. I do not want Scottish independence to get anymore ammunition than it already has and overall just want the threat of remaining off the table. The deal can be changed or amended by my newly sovereign government and parliament and that for me was the deal breaker on Mays deal.

The Native people in the US and Canada are the same ethnically and culturally. ( They have different (or different branches of the same tribes or bands) For instance the Lakota (Sioux) Blackfoot, and Ojibwe tribes are the same in the US and Canada.)The Sioux in CanadaThere were no borders between the US and Canada before Europeans arrived.Some native tribes such as the Mohawk, even share lands crossing the border today.The Apache and Navajo people of the southern US share a similar language background with the Dene Nations of northern Canada; the vocabulary is somewhat similar in that the tribes can usually understand one another.The ancestors of the Apache and Navajo (Tinnë) are said to have originated in northwestern Canada and migrated to the southwestern United States by about 1400 BCE.Dene | The Canadian EncyclopediaNavajo (Dine) in traditional dressApache at a pow wowDené Elders of Northern Canada ( related to both)Indigenous peoples and issues enjoy far greater visibility within Canadian media and society than Alaska Native/Native American peoples and issues do across the border.Indigenous peoples and issues are practically invisible in the U.S. at almost every level of government and society, save perhaps those western states with significant Indigenous populations such as Alaska and New Mexico.In Canada, Indigenous peoples and issues are regularly featured in mainstream news media and there is as a result a running public discourse about issues that impact Indigenous peoples such as cultural appropriation, identity, and social inequities between Indigenous communities and most other parts of Canada that simply doesn’t exist in the U.S.TitlesNative people in Canada are referred to as Native, Indigenous, Aboriginal, or First Nations, while in the US they are called Native Americans.Note: The term ‘Indian’, while not a preferred title, is a legal term in Canada and its use forms the basis of treaty rights and agreements between Indigenous nations and the Federal Government. Where I am describing legal terminology and historical articles, the term is used. The title ‘Status Indian’ is a legal title in Canada.The Native Eskimos in the US are called the Inuit people in Canada.1. PopulationPerhaps the most obvious difference accounting for differences in visibility between Indigenous peoples in Canada and the U.S. is the stark difference in population size.Indigenous people in Canada account for about 4.9 percent of Canada’s population of 36 million. This also makes them the second largest visible minority (non-white) group in Canada after the Chinese. (Chinese 5.1%)By contrast, about 2.9 million people identify as Native American or Alaska Native in the U.S., or less than 2 percent of the total U.S. population of 309 million.Native American and Alaska Natives therefore account for a tiny sliver of the overall U.S. population compared to First Nations, Inuit, and Metis in Canada.Métis are an official group made of people mixed with French and native heritage. They have official status in Canada.2. Geography/demographyMost of the 10 provinces and three territories have significant Indigenous populations and rural fly-in communities in their jurisdictions. Two of the territories (Nunavut and the Northwest Territories) have majority Indigenous populations.The provinces along the Canada-U.S. border (British Columbia, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Alberta, Ontario, and Quebec) all have First Nations reserves within their jurisdictions, many of which are in remote regions of the provinces. Some are located near large cities and towns, and some can only be reached year round by plane.In addition, Inuit Nunangat (the Inuit homeland) accounts for a whopping 36 percent of Canada’s landmass and 50 percent of its coastline. Inuit are the majority population in the four regions that make up Inuit Nunangat.Native American reservations in the U.S. are by contrast concentrated in western states.Very few states except for those in the West have rural Native American communities, and only Alaska has communities in it that are only accessible year round by plane.3. The ConstitutionSection 35 of Canada’s Constitution affirms the treaty rights of First Nations, Inuit, and Metis, including modern land claims agreements. Indigenous peoples’ rights occupy their own section (Part II) of the Constitution, even though the full text of that section is short:35. (1) The existing aboriginal and treaty rights of the aboriginal peoples of Canada are hereby recognized and affirmed.(2) In this Act, “aboriginal peoples of Canada” includes the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.Section 35 represents a hard-fought victory for Indigenous peoples who negotiated this language into the Constitution when it was being drafted in 1982.The Constitution’s clear recognition of Indigenous treaty rights in Canada contrasts with the comparatively murky references to “Indians” within the U.S. Constitution (the reference to Indians in Article I, sec. 8 as being equivalent to foreign nations for the purposes of commerce is foundational to Native American law).4. Mainstream mediaThe mainstream media coverage of Indigenous peoples and issues in Canada dwarfs that received by Native American and Alaska Natives in both amount and quality.Mainstream media coverage of Indigenous peoples and issues in Canada has a positive impact on the public’s understanding of Indigenous peoples and issues and enhances the political capital of Indigenous political entities.In the U.S. by contrast, Native American and Alaska Natives are completely absent from mainstream media unless there is a newsworthy crisis that warrants coverage.I hear or see Indigenous peoples on the news or radio in Canada at least once a week, mainly on federally-funded CBC programming. Indigenous peoples and issues are the focus of mainstream news reports almost everyday.Provincial media often integrates Indigenous peoples and content into its programming as well.APTN (Aboriginal People’s Television Network )There is even a national television channel dedicated to Aboriginal news and programming.Greater visibility of Indigenous peoples and issues in Canada translates into federal lawmakers nearly all having a rudimentary grasp of who Indigenous peoples are (at least First Nations, who have the largest population of the three main Indigenous cultural groups in Canada). However it is unclear to what degree this understanding translates into policy action that enhances the health and wellness of Indigenous peoples.At the political level in the U.S., the relative invisibility of Native American and Alaska Natives in American society translates into reduced political capital that in turn makes it exceedingly difficult to leverage support for policy change from either the broader society or the federal government. However Native American/Alaska Natives have managed to leverage broad public support for causes that in turn translated into policy action, such as the long-term, mass protest at Standing Rock that led to the Obama administration’s intervention in the completion of the Dakota Access Pipeline.Indian status5. Rights of Native People in Canada/Indian StatusAboriginal peoples in Canada who are classified as “Status Indians” are registered under the Indian Act on the Indian Register– a central registry maintained by Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC).Status Indians are issued a status card that contains information about their identity, their band,and their registration number.“Status Indians” are wards of the Canadian federal government, a paternalistic legal relationship that illustrates the historical imperial notion that Aboriginal peoples are “children” requiring control and direction to bring them into more “civilized” colonial ways of life. As an 1876 Department of Indian Affairs report explains:Our Indian legislation generally rests on the principle, that the aborigines are to be kept in a condition of tutelage and treated as wards or children of the State. …the true interests of the aborigines and of the State alike require that every effort should be made to aid the Red man in lifting himself out of his condition of tutelage and dependence, and that is clearly our wisdom and our duty, through education and every other means, to prepare him for a higher civilization by encouraging him to assume the privileges and responsibilities of full citizenship.”2The Indian Act applies only to status Indians, and has not historically recognized Metis and Inuit peoples. As a result, the Métis and Inuit have not had Indian status and the rights conferred by this status despite being Indigenous to Canada and participating in Canadian nation building.(This is not to be confused with the Canadian Constitution’s recognition of Indian, Métis and Inuit peoples as Indigenous peoples, and thus with constitutionally protected rights.In keeping with paternalistic policies towards Aboriginal peoples, the Canadian federal government assumed fiscal responsibility for Indians in order to support the colonial structures it imposed on Aboriginal peoples through the Indian Act, such as band administration, education, and health care.The Indian Act has historically stated that those with Indian status have rights to live on reserves, share in band monies, vote for band council and chief, and inherit band property.In 1985, an amendment to the Indian Act separated Indian status from band membership. Bands were granted the right to develop their own membership codes, and thereby determine who can participate in band politics and society, as well as who can access band resources such as band property. Bands, however, did not have control over who gained or lost status.This power was retained by the federal government. While band membership frequently accompanies Indian status, it is possible to have Indian status without having band membership, or vice versa.The Indian Act contains certain tax exemptions for those with Indian status, though there is a misconception that Indians do not pay taxes at all.This is inaccurate– when off reserve lands, general Canadian taxation applies.Certain tax exemptions exist on reserve lands. These tax exemptions generally stem from treaty and related agreements between the Crown and First Nations, when the Crown guaranteed particular services in exchange for title to the land.Those with Indian status do not pay taxes for most purchases on reserve lands. If their property is located on reserve lands, that property is tax exempt.Those with Indian status who are employed on reserve lands or whose businesses are located on reserve lands may be exempt from some income and business taxes, but the provisions governing these exemptions are complex and do not uniformly apply in every scenario.There are complex rules governing Indian status, which are detailed in Section 6 of the Indian Act.Indian status has not been solely dependent on ancestry. As the Royal Commission of Aboriginal Peoples stated, “Recognition as ‘Indian’ in Canadian law often had nothing to do with whether a person was actually of Indian ancestry.”The Indian Act of 1867 defined “Indian” as:First. Any male person of Indian blood reputed to belong to a particular band;Secondly. Any child of such person;Thirdly. Any woman who is or was lawfully married to such person.As this excerpt states, being “Indian” was entirely dependent on the male lineage.This privileging of the male lineage in order to define Indian status has resulted in profound gender inequalities.A woman’s status depended upon her father or husband and could change throughout her life. For example, a woman without Aboriginal ancestry marrying a man with Indian status would gain Indian status.Alternately, if a status Indian woman married a non-status man, she would lose status, or become “enfranchised “.These provisions have resulted in social and political conditions that have disproportionately discriminated against Indian women, and have been challenged in the last few decades.As a result of major pressure on the Canadian government to address the discriminatory provisions of the Act, the definition of Indian status has undergone significant revisions since 1985 with Bill-C31.Initially, any Indians who obtained a university degree and/or became a professional such as a doctor or lawyer would automatically lose their status.The same process would occur for any Indian who served in the armed forces, or any status Indian woman who married a non-status man.As previously discussed, a long fight and staunch opposition to these policies by women who had lost their status resulted in the passing of Bill C-31 to amend the Indian Act.It is now impossible for a status Indian to lose their status, and those who had involuntarily lost their status were able to be reinstated with it.6. USA - Native American Blood Quantum for Indian StatusIn the USA, Blood quantum is a system that the federal government placed onto tribes in an effort to limit their citizenship.Many Native nations, including the Navajo Nation and the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians, still use it as part of their citizenship requirements.Blood quantum simply is the amount of "Indian blood" that an individual possesses. The federal government, and specifically the Department of the Interior, issues what is called a "Certified Degree of Indian Blood," and that is a card similar to an ID card. So the way that blood quantum is calculated is by using tribal documents, and usually it's a tribal official or a government official that calculates it.Sample Blood Quantum CardSample Tribal CardThe link below can be used to help in identifying how to trace your genealogy in determining your ‘Blood Quantum ‘ if you are claiming to have Native American Blood in the USA.Genealogy | Indian AffairsBlood Quantum does not apply to First Nations in Canada in determining Indian Status.7. Indian Reservations (First Nations Reserves)Native reserves in Canada are similar to ones in the US.According to Statistics Canada in 2011, there are more than 600 First Nations/Native American bands in Canada and 3,100 Indian reserves across Canada.There are approximately 326 Indian reservations in the US.In Canada an Indian Reserve is specified by the Indian Act as a "tract of land, the legal title to which is vested in Her Majesty ( Queen Elizabeth) that has been set apart by Her Majesty for the use and benefit of a band.Indian reserve - WikipediaAn Indian reservation is a legal designation for an area of land managed by a federally recognized Native Americans tribe under the US Bureau of Indian Affairs rather than the state in which they are physically located.Indian reservation - WikipediaNon natives are not allowed to trespass on native lands without permission.Economic OutlookNative reserves close to cities often have casinos and other businesses which sell to the general public.**Many Native American/First Nation bands are very wealthy, have large holdings and run successful businesses.There are many success stories to be told on Reservations.On the negative side, many reserves in Canada and Alaska are remote and often cannot be accessed without aircraft or seasonal roads.Unfortunately there is still a lot of poverty and alcoholism on some reserves, although fortunately many tribes have managed to break out of this pattern and become very successful!Often there is high unemployment, and lack of clean drinking water on remote reserves in Canada which is shameful for one of the members of the G7 richest nations in the world.Racism towards indigenous peoples is high in areas where there are large First Nations populations in Canada.This is mainly institutional due to the high aboriginal population.**In the the US, towns or cities near an area with high Native American populations are prone to a substantial amount of racism as well.Natives were forced into Residential Schools and Native American Boarding Schools in Canada and the US, and stripped of their heritage and way of life. Because of this, past generations did not learn basic skills such as parenting.Inter generational trauma is passed on from one generation to another unless the cycle is ended.Understanding Inter-Generational Trauma and how to stop it - InFocus - APTN NewsConclusionThe native people of Canada and the US are culturally and ethnically the same. (Different tribes or different bands of the same tribes)There are no borders between the US and Canada historically for Native Americans.There are approximately 326 Indian reservations in the US compared to 3100 in Canada.The population of Native Americans and Alaskan natives in the US as of 2014 is approximately 5.4 million, or 2% of the population.The population of Native Americans in Canada as of 2016 is around 1,673,785, or 4.9% of the population making them a significant percentage of Canada’s 37 million people.Different laws apply to status Indians in the US and Canada.USA - For example, tribal courts have civil jurisdiction over Indians and non-Indians who either reside or do business on federal Indian reservations. They also have criminal jurisdiction over violations of tribal laws committed by tribal members residing or doing business on the reservation. If You Commit a Crime, Can You Escape Prosecution by Fleeing to a Native American Reservation?Canada - The Federal government created First Nations police forces to provide greater sensitivity to the needs and issues of policing in First Nations communities. In 1992, the First Nations Chiefs of Police Association (FNCPA) was created to co-ordinate input from other police forces in dealing with aboriginal policing issues. The RCMP also responds to police matters on reserves. First Nations policingMany natives in both countries live on reservations although the trend to move off reserve is increasing.Because of the remoteness of some native communities in Canada, some tribes still practice traditional ways of living such as hunting, fishing, and have summer hunting camps in the bush.First Nations (Native Americans) are more visible in Canada than Native Americans in the US, and have a louder voice when it comes to public policy.Natives in Canada and the US come together and attend powwows regularly to celebrate their culture and Heritage.Joint US/Canada PowwowsPowwow | Native American celebrationThe Jay Treaty signed in 1794 between Great Britain and the United States, provides that Native Americans may travel freely across the international boundary. Under the treaty and corresponding legislation, Native Americans(First Nations) born in Canada are entitled to freely enter the United States for the purpose of employment, study, retirement, investing, and/or Immigration.*In order for a Native American born in Canada to take advantage of this legalization, according to US law they must be at least 50% Native American by blood quantum.How “American Indians Born in Canada” Can Live & Work in the U.S. | LexologyFirst Nations and Native Americans | U.S. Embassy & Consulates in CanadaNatives Americans/First Nations in the US and Canada are proud people with strong ties to their heritage.Note: I will keep updating this answer periodically to include questions asked of me.First Nations and Native Americans | U.S. Embassy & Consulates in CanadaIndian Status

→ TLDR ANSWER ←If you read your grant documents they will tell you how to exercise your options. Usually that's sending in a grant notice along with payment for the option price, and then executing a bunch of agreements relating to the stock. The company then sends you a certificate and records the stock certificate and your contact information in its ledgers.These days, the agreements and signatures are moving online, the ledgers are all in a spreadsheet or database, and the certificates themselves may be online / electronic or there may be no certificates at all. The whole thing can be on the cloud with a service like eShares.→ LONG BACKGROUND ←Options are issued under an option plan, a program managed by a plan administrator designated by the company. The plan is governed by plan documents drafted by the firm's lawyers and approved by the company's stockholders, board of directors, and typically also approved by the company's investors. A number of the company's common shares are reserved (set aside) for use by the plan, generally by a board resolution that has also been approved by company investors. Nothing tangible happens when the shares are reserved, it's just that the company keeps track of those shares and promises not to issue or reserve them for any other purpose.Once the option plan is in place company executives may grant options to various people, and the company records those grants in its records, generally keeping an option table, typically in a spreadsheet or database (these used to be in paper ledgers). Companies issue grant notices to inform each grantee of the terms of their option: exercise price (also known as "strike" price), grant date, number of shares, vesting and vesting acceleration terms, exercise procedures, and so on. There is often a grant agreement by which the employee acknowledges and approves all of the terms and conditions with respect to the options they receive. The grant package also typically includes a copy of the option plan documents, and a set of documents to use in the event they decide to exercise: an exercise notice and a sample stock purchase agreement (a "SPA") together with all of the attachments associated with the SPA: a stockholder agreement, spousal consent, and in cases of "early exercise" a share escrow agreement, assignment in lieu of certificate, and 83(b) form.Ideally, the option plan documents and option grant agreements specify that the form of exercise notice and procedure is only an illustration for the grantee's convenience, and that the company may establish new agreements and procedures as technology advances and as the company's structure evolves, for example a new stockholder agreement put in place in connection with a funding round.When the optionee decides to exercise, they sign the grant agreement and all of the stock purchase documents necessary for them to hold shares. Depending on the company and how it is running its stock plan they may sign paper or online documents or else sign through a hosted service. Exercising also requires paying the exercise price by cash, check, etc. Some cashless exercise options may be available for well-regarded employees: the company may loan the money to cover the exercise, or else allow for a "net issuance" exercise where the optionee turns in some option shares as payment for exercising the others.The company first verifies that the optionee is eligible to exercise, for example due to vesting, and making sure the options have not expired. If all looks good it becomes a standard stock purchase at that point: they record the transaction in their books and if they are using stock certificates they send one to the new shareholder. Sometimes companies permit "early exercise" of unvested options, and the whole structure for dealing with unvested shares comes into play: the share certificate is held in escrow by the company rather than issued (generally a filing cabinet, or simply not printing the certificate until needed), and there are vesting terms and additional documents to sign.All of this is moving online, so it may be just a matter of clicking on a website until the website tells you that you have clicked enough.If the optionee is exercising in connection with an acquisition of the company, or an IPO, the procedure is often abbreviated with intermediate steps skipped. The optionee just signs a few documents and then gets their payment of the merger consideration (a wire transfer and possibly new share certificates or a brokerage account record in the acquiring company)* * *Whew, I did this all from memory, which means I've seen a few too many stock plans!