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Unworkable and expensive bluster. Even the government’s OBR don’t believe her.“…we also need to make assumptions about the policies that will be in place when the UK leaves the EU… we made a number of broad-brush conditioning assumptions….the UK adopts a tighter migration regime than that currently in place, but not sufficiently tight to reduce net inward migration to the desired ‘tens of thousands’”Office of Budget Responsibility, Financial Sustainability Report, January 2017Reducing immigration could add public expenses. EU migrants coming to the UK are younger, likely to have completed schooling and may also be trained or qualified. They arrive ready to start work, add value through their employment and pay taxes. Their expense to the economy may be a requirement for health care, housing or schooling for any children.In the government’s Office of Budget Responsibility (OBR) report from November 2016, they estimate that lower migration resulting from the referendum to exit the EU would add £5.9 billion to public borrowing by 2020–21. Below is a graph from that report. Read the row of ‘lower migration’ figures under the ‘November counterfactual’ heading.Source: OBR’s Economic and Fiscal outlook November 2016Net migration policies are unworkable. Like UKIP, the Conservatives now have a manifesto commitment on targeting net migration. UKIP want to achieve this through ‘one-in-one-out’ zero net migration. The Conservative’s have a more relaxed ‘tens of thousands’ net migration target. Both approaches rely on people leaving the UK to help meet targets: 100,000 people leave the UK, means that 150,00 can enter and Conservative targets are met. So the Conservative wants people to leave the country as part of their immigration policy.Since their November 2016 report, the OBR have gone further. In their Financial Sustainability Report of January 2017, the OBR have assumed that the government won’t meet their ‘ten of thousands target’ [1][1][1][1] Either Theresa May’s programme of reducing immigration cannot be be achieved or will add to public expenses.Penalising companies for employing foreign workers. In their manifesto, the Conservatives propose to double the Immigration Skills Charge to £2,000 by the end of the parliament [2][2][2][2] . Paying to employ people adds costs to payroll which could be passed on in higher prices on goods and services. I expect a £2,000 charge on a foreign player in the English Premier League would be regarded as incidental costs for the football club. Alternatively, would be taxpayers be prepared to support a government direct subsidy of £2,000 to any British citizen employed by a company ?Immigration is contentious topic. Even the Conservatives agree. Their manifesto says “…immigration to Britain is still too high.”Footnotes[1] http://cdn.budgetresponsibility.org.uk/FSR_Jan17.pdf[1] http://cdn.budgetresponsibility.org.uk/FSR_Jan17.pdf[1] http://cdn.budgetresponsibility.org.uk/FSR_Jan17.pdf[1] http://cdn.budgetresponsibility.org.uk/FSR_Jan17.pdf[2] https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/manifesto2017/Manifesto2017.pdf[2] https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/manifesto2017/Manifesto2017.pdf[2] https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/manifesto2017/Manifesto2017.pdf[2] https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/manifesto2017/Manifesto2017.pdf

There are couple of resources, competences and capabilities that FCA Group have. Since resources, competences, and capabilities are linked, it is better to evaluate them all together. With applying Barney’s VRIO framework (1995), it is quite fair to say that FCA Group have sustainable competitive advantage since their resources, competences and capabilities are hard to imitate due to high costs.●World class manufacturing (WCM) and Smart manufacturing (Sustainability Report, 2016)●Centralised management - Sergio Marchionne (Bertoldi et al, 2015)●Full product portfolio in every segment - From a niche player into “full liner” automotive car company (Bertoldi et al, 2015)●Sales in every major economic region (Bertoldi et al, 2015)●Industry leading engines (Sustainability Report, 2016)●In-house component manufacturing (Investors Report, 2014)●Architecture convergence - Standardisation of components (Investors Report, 2014)●Global alliances - Waymo/Google/BMW/Intel/Mobileye (Annual Report, 2017)●Common synergy in terms of sales and service network - Fiat and Chrysler (Grinblatt and Titman,1998) (Bertoldi et al, 2015)

Go through the annual sustainability reports of reknown corporate houses. Global and reputed Indian reports would give you a first hand practical deployment of sustainability practices, not just of environmental concern but also CSR, Safety, Labour practices, Product LCA, Green Labeling and Branding.GRI and ecovadis websites and documents give you great insight and reference to the fundamentals, industry specific protocols, and updates along with current practices in the sustainability domain.