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NDA examination is conducted twice a year by UPSC. Basic requirements as obtained from UPSC website:CONDITIONS OF ELIGIBILITY :(a) Nationality : A candidate must either be :(i) a citizen of India, or(ii) a subject of Bhutan, or(iii) a subject of Nepal, or(iv) a Tibetan refugee who came over to India before the 1st January, 1962 with the intention of permanently settling in India, or(v) a person of Indian origin who has migrated from Pakistan, Burma, Sri Lanka and East African Countries of Kenya, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Zaire and Ethiopia or Vietnam with the intention of permanently settling in India.Provided that a candidate belonging to categories (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v) above shall be a person in whose favour a certificate of eligibility has been issued by the Government of India.Certificate of eligibility will not, however, be necessary in the case of candidates who are Gorkha subjects of Nepal.(b) Age Limits, Sex and Marital Status :Only unmarried male candidates of age between 16-1/2 - 19–1/2 are eligible. (Confirm the exact dates on UPSC website: UPSC)The date of birth accepted by the Commission is that entered in the Matriculation or Secondary School Leaving Certificate or in a certificate recognised by an Indian University as equivalent to Matriculation or in an extract from a Register of Matriculates maintained by a University which must be certified by the proper authority of the University or in the Higher Secondary or an equivalent examination certificates. These certificates are required to be submitted only after the declaration of the result of the written part of the examination. No other document relating to age like horoscopes, affidavits, birth extracts from Municipal Corporation, service records and the like will be accepted. The expression Matriculation/Higher Secondary Examination Certificate in this part of the instruction includes the alternative certificates mentioned above.NOTE 1 : Candidates should note that only the date of birth as recorded in the Matriculation/Higher Secondary Examination Certificate available or an equivalent certificate on the date of submission of applications will be accepted by the Commission and no subsequent request for its change will be considered or granted.NOTE 2 : Candidates should also note that once a date of birth has been claimed by them and entered in the records of the Commission for the purpose of admission to an Examination, no change will be allowed subsequently or at any subsequent examination on any ground whatsoever.NOTE 3 : The candidates should exercise due care while entering their date of birth in the respective column of the Online Application Form for the Examination. If on verification at any subsequent stage any variation is found in their date of birth from the one entered in their Matriculation or equivalent Examination certificate, disciplinary action will be taken against them by the Commission under the Rules.NOTE 4 : Candidates must undertake not to marry until they complete their full training. A candidate who marries subsequent to the date of his application though successful at this or any subsequent Examination will not be selected for training. A candidate who marries during training shall be discharged and will be liable to refund all expenditure incurred on him by the Government.(c) Educational Qualifications:(i) For Army Wing of National Defence Academy :—12th Class pass of the 10+2 pattern of School Education or equivalent examination conducted by a State Education Board or a University.(ii) For Air Force and Naval Wings of National Defence Academy and for the 10+2 Cadet Entry Scheme at the Indian Naval Academy :—12th Class pass of the 10+2 pattern of School Education or equivalent with Physics and Mathematics conducted by a State Education Board or a University.Candidates who are appearing in the 12th Class under the 10+2 pattern of School Education or equivalent examination can also apply for this examination.Such candidates who qualify the SSB interview but could not produce Matriculation/10+2 or equivalent certificate in original at the time of SSB interview should forward duly self-attested Photocopies to ‘Directorate General of Recruiting, Army HQ, West Block.III, R.K. Puram, New Delhi-110066’ and for Naval Academy candidates to ‘Naval Headquarters, DMPR, OI&R Section, Room No. 204, ‘C’ Wing, Sena Bhavan, New Delhi-110011’ by date mentioned in the respective advertisement failing which their candidature will be cancelled. All other candidates who have produced their Matriculation and 10+2 pass or equivalent certificates in original at the time of attending the SSB interview and have got the same verified by the SSB authorities are not required to submit the same to Army HQ or Naval HQ as the case may be. Certificates in original issued by the Principals of the Institutions are also acceptable in cases where Boards/Universities have not yet issued certificates. Certified true copies/photostate copies of such certificates will not be accepted. In exceptional cases the Commission may treat a candidate, who does not possess any of the qualifications prescribed in this rule as educationally qualified provided that he possesses qualifications, the standard of which in the opinion of the Commission, justifies his admission to the examination.NOTE 1 : Candidates appearing in the 11th class exam are not eligible for this examination.NOTE 2 : Those candidates who have yet to qualify in the 12th class or equivalent examination and are allowed to appear in the UPSC Examination should note that this is only a special concession given to them. They are required to submit proof of passing the 12th class or equivalent examination by the prescribed date (i.e. 24th June, 2017) and no request for extending this date will be entertained on the grounds of late conduct of Board/University Examination, delay in declaration of results or any other ground whatsoever.NOTE 3 : Candidates who are debarred by the Ministry of Defence from holding any type of Commission in the Defence Services shall not be eligible for admission to the examination and if admitted, their candidature will be cancelled.NOTE 4 : Those candidates who have failed INSB/PABT earlier are not eligible for Air Force.(d) A candidate who has resigned or withdrawn on disciplinary grounds from any of the training academies of Armed Forces is not eligible to apply.(e) Physical Standards:Candidates must be physically fit according to physical standards for admission to National Defence Academy and Naval Academy Examination as per the following guidelines:GUIDELINES FOR PHYSICAL STANDARDS FOR ADMISSION TO THE NATIONAL DEFENCE ACADEMY.NOTE : CANDIDATES MUST BE PHYSICALLY AND MENTALLY FIT ACCORDING TO THE PRESCRIBED PHYSICAL STANDARDS. THE GUIDELINES FOR THE SAME ARE GIVEN BELOW.A NUMBER OF QUALIFIED CANDIDATES ARE REJECTED SUBSEQUENTLY ON MEDICAL GROUNDS. CANDIDATES ARE THEREFORE ADVISED IN THEIR OWN INTEREST TO GET THEMSELVES MEDICALLY EXAMINED BEFORE SUBMITTING THEIR APPLICATIONS TO AVOID DISAPPOINTMENT AT THE FINAL STAGE.Candidates are also advised to rectify minor defects/ailments in order to speed up finalisation of medical examination conducted at the Military Hospital after being recommended at the SSB.Few of such commonly found defects/ailments are listed below :(a) Wax (Ears)(b) Deviated Nasal Septum(c) Hydrocele/Phimosis(d) Overweight/Underweight(e) Under Sized Chest(f) Piles(g) Gynaecomastia(h) Tonsillitis(i) VaricoceleNOTE : Permanent body tattoos are only permitted on inner face of forearm i.e. from inside of elbow to the wrist and on the reverse side of palm/back (dorsal) side of hand/Permanent body tattoos on any other part of the body are not acceptable and candidates will be barred from further selection. Tribes with tattoo marks on the face or body as per their existing custom and traditions will be permitted on a case to case basis. Comdt Selection Centre will be competent auth for clearing such cases.Civilian candidates appearing for all types of commission in the Armed Forces will be entitled to out-patients treatment from service sources at public expense for injuries sustained or diseases contracted during the course of their examination by the Selection Board. They will also be entitled to in-patient treatment at public expense in the Officer’s ward of a hospital provided—(a) the injury is sustained during the tests or,(b) the disease is contracted during the course of the examination by selection board and there is no suitable accommodation in local civil hospital or it is impracticable to remove the patient to the civil hospital; or,(c) the medical board requires the candidate’s admission for observation.NOTE : They are not entitled to special nursing.A candidate recommended by the Services Selection Board will undergo a medical examination by a Board of Service Medical Officers. Only those candidates will be admitted to the academy who are declared fit by the Medical Board. The proceedings of the Medical Board are confidential and will not be divulged to anyone. However, the candidates declared unfit will be intimated by the President of the Medical Board and the procedure for request for an Appeal Medical Board will also be intimated to the candidate. Candidates declared unfit during Appeal Medical Board will be intimated about the provision of Review Medical Board.(a) The candidate must be in good physical and mental health and free from any disease/disability which is likely to interfere with the efficient performance of Military duties.(b) There should be no evidence of weak constitution, bodily defects or underweight. The Candidate should not be overweight or obese.(c) The minimum acceptable height is 157 cms(162.5 cms. for Air Force). For Gorkhas and individuals belonging to hills of North-Eastern regions of India, Garhwal and Kumaon, the minimum acceptable heights will be 5 cms. less. In case of candidates from Lakshadweep the minimum acceptable height can be reduced by 2 cms. Height and weight standards are given below :HEIGHT/WEIGHT STANDARDS FOR ARMY/AIR FORCETABLE-IHEIGHT/WEIGHT STANDARDS FOR NAVYTABLE-II“Individual’s weight is considered normal if it is within ±10% departure from average weight given in the table I and II”. However, in individuals with heavy bones and broad build as well as individuals with thin build but otherwise healthy this may be relaxed to some extent on merit.NOTE 1 : Height relaxable upto 2.5 cm. (5 cm. for Navy) may be allowed where the Medical Board certifies that the candidate is likely to grow and come up to the required standard on completion of his training.NOTE 2 : To meet special requirement as a pilot in the Air Force the acceptable measurements of leg length, thigh length and sitting height will be as under :(d) Chest should be well developed. Fully expanded chest should not be less than 81 cms. The minimum range of expansion after full inspiration should be 5 cms. The measurement will be taken with a tape so adjusted that its lower edge should touch the nipple in front and the upper part of the tape should touch the lower angle of the shoulder blades behind. X-Ray of the chest is compulsory and will be taken to rule out any disease of the chest.(e) There should be no maldevelopment or impairment of function of the bones or joint.Spinal Conditions-(f) Past medical history of diseases or injury of the spine or sacro iliac joints, either with or without objective signs which have prevented the candidate from successfully following a physically active life, is a cause for rejection for commissioning in IAF. History of spinal fracture/prolapsed intervertebral disc and surgical treatment for these conditions will entail rejection. The following conditions detected radiologically during medical exam will disqualify a candidate for Air Force service:(i) Granulomatous disease of spine(ii) Arthritidies/spondylosis— Rheumatoid arthritis and allied disorders— Ankylosing spondylitis— Osteoarthrosis, spondylosis and degenerative joint disease— Non articular rheumatism (e.g. lesions of the rotator cuff, tennis elbow, recurrent lumbago etc.)— Miscellaneous disorders including SLE, , polymyositis, vasculitis.(iii) Spondylolisthesis/spondylolysis.(iv) Compression fracture of vertebrae.(v) Scheuerman's disease (Adolescent kyphosis)(vi) Loss of cervical lordosis when associated with clinically restricted movements of cervical spine.(vii) Unilateral/Bilateral cervical ribs with demonstrable neurological or circulatory deficit.(viii) Scoliosis more than 15 degree as measured by Cobb's method.(ix) Degenerative Disc. Disease.(x) Presence of schmorl's nodes at more than one level.(xi) Atlanto-occipital and atlantoaxial anomalies.(xii) Hemi vertebrae and/or incomplete block (fused) vertebrae at any level in cervical, dorsal or lumbar spine and complete block (fused) vertebrae at more than one level in cervical or dorsal spine.(xiii) Unilateral Sacralisation or lumbarisation (Complete or incomplete) at all levels and bilateral incomplete sacralisation or lumbarisation.(xiv) Any other abnormality if so considered by the specialist.(g) Mild Kyphosis or Lordosis where deformity is barely noticeable and there is no pain or restriction of movement will not preclude acceptance.(h) In case of noticeable Scoliosis or suspicion of any other abnormality or spinal deformity, more than mild, appropriate X-rays of the spine are to be taken and the Examinee referred for specialist’s advice.(i) The following conditions detected on X-ray examination will be disqualifying for entry to Armed Forces :(i) Granulomatius disease of spine.(ii) Arthritidies/spondylosis(iii) Scoliosis more than 15 degree as measured by Cobb’s Method (10 degree for Army and Navy).(iv) More than mild Kyphosis/Lordosis(v) Spondylolisthesis/Spondylosis/Spondylolysis(vi) Herniated nucleus pulposes.(vii) Compression fracture of Vertebra.(viii) Sacaralisation Disease(ix) Cervical ribs with demonstrable neurological or Circulatory deficit.(x) Presence of Schmorl’s node at more than one level.(xi) Atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial anomalies.(xii) Incomplete Sacaralisation Unilateral or Bilateral(xiii) Spina Bifida other than SV 1 and LV 5 if completely Sacralised(xiv) Any other abnormality, if so considered by specialist.(j) A candidate should have no past history of mental breakdown or fits.(k) The hearing should be normal. A candidate should be able to hear a forced whisper with each ear at a distance of 610 cms. in a quiet room. There should be no evidence of present or past disease of the ear, nose and throat. Audiometric test will be done for AF. Audiometric hearing loss should not be greater than 20 db in frequencies between 250 and 8000 Hz. There is no impediment of speech.(l) There should be no signs of functional or organic disease of the heart and blood vessels. Blood pressure should be normal.(m) There should be no enlargement of liver or spleen. Any evidence of disease of internal organs of the abdomen will be a cause for rejection.(n) Un-operated hernias will make a candidate unfit. In case of Hernia which has been operated, a minimum of 6 months must have passed prior to final medical examination before commencement of the course.(o) There should be no hydrocele, varicocele or piles.(p) Urine examination will be done and any abnormality if detected will be a cause for rejection.(q) Any disease of skin which is likely to cause disability or disfigurement will also be a cause for rejection.(r) Visual standards:- The distance vision (corrected) should be 6/6 in better eye and 6/9 in worse eye. Myopia should not be more than 2.5 D and hypermetropia not more than 3.5 D including Astigmatism. Internal examination of the eye will be done by means of opthalmoscope to rule out any disease of the eye. A candidate must have good binocular vision. The colour vision standard will be (CP-III) for Army. A candidate should be able to recognise red and green colours. Candidates will be required to give certificates that neither he nor any member of his family has suffered from congenital night blindness. Candidates who have undergone or have the evidence of having undergone Radial Keratotomy, to improve the visual acuity will be permanently rejected for all the Services. Candidates who have undergone Laser Surgery for correction of refractive error are also not acceptable to defence services.Vision standard for Naval candidatesVisual Standards for Air ForceCandidates who habitually wear spectacles are not eligible for Air Force, Minimum distant vision 6/6 in one eye and 6/9 in other, correctable to 6/6 only for Hypermetropia. Colour vision CP-I Hypermetropia : +2.0 D Sph Manifest Myopia : Nil Retinoscopic Myopia : 0.5 in any Meridian permitted Astigmatism : + 0.75 D Cyl (within + 2.0 D.Max) Maddox Rod TestHand held Stereoscope–All of BSV grades Convergence–Up to 10 cm Cover test for distant and near–Lateral divergence/convergence recovery rapid and complete Radial Keratotomy, Photo Refractive Keratotomy/laser in Situ, Keratomileusis (PRK/LASIK) surgeries for correction of refractive errors are not permitted for any Air Force duties. Candidates having undergone cataract surgery with or without IOL implants will also be declared unfit.Binocular vision must possess good binocular vision (fusion and stereopsis with good amplitude and depth).Candidates who have undergone LASIK surgery are not considered fit for permanent commission in flying branch in IAF.(s) USG abdomen examination will be carried out and any congential structural anomaly or disease of the abdominal organs will be a cause for rejection in Armed Forces.(t) The candidates should have sufficient number of natural and sound teeth. A minimum of 14 dental points will be acceptable. When 32 teeth are present, the total dental points are 22. A candidate should not be suffering from severe pyorrhoea.(u) Routine ECG for Air Force candidates must be within normal limits.(v) Physical conditioning : Prospective candidates are advised to keep themselves in good physical condition, by following the undermentioned routine :—(a) Running 2.4 km in 15 minutes(b) Skipping(c) Pushups and sit ups (minimum 20 each)(d) Chin ups (minimum 08)(e) Rope climbing 3-4 metres.ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE RESULTS OF THE WRITTEN EXAMINATION, INTERVIEW OF QUALIFIED CANDIDATES, ANNOUNCEMENT OF FINAL RESULTS AND ADMISSION TO THE TRAINING COURSES OF THE FINALLY QUALIFIED CANDIDATES :The Union Public Service Commission shall prepare a list of candidates who obtain the minimum qualifying marks in the written examination as fixed by the Commission at their discretion. Such candidates shall appear before a Services Selection Board for Intelligence and Personality Test where candidates for the Army/Navy wings of the NDA and 10+2 Cadet Entry Scheme of Indian Naval Academy will be assessed on Officers Potentiality and those for the Air Force in Computerised Pilot Selection System (CPSS) and Pilot Aptitude Test (which forms the whole PAB Test) and for Officers Potentiality. PABT applicable to candidates with Air Force as First choice would also be conducted for all SSB qualified candidates with one of the choice as Air Force subject to their eligibility and if they are so willing.TWO-STAGE SELECTION PROCEDURETwo-stage selection procedure based on Psychological Aptitude Test and Intelligence Test has been introduced at Selection Centres/Air Force Selection Boards/Naval Selection Boards. All the candidates will be put to stage-one test on first day of reporting at Selection Centres/Air Force Selection Boards/Naval Selection Boards. Only those candidates who qualify at stage one will be admitted to the second stage/remaining tests. Those candidates who qualify stage II will be required to submit the Original Certificates along with one photocopy each of : (i) Original Matriculation pass certificate or equivalent in support of date of birth, (ii) Original 10+2 pass certificate or equivalent in support of educational qualification.Candidates who appear before the Services Selection Board and undergo the test there, will do so at their own risk and will not be entitled to claim any compensation or other relief from Government in respect of any injury which they may sustain in the course of or as a result of any of the tests given to them at the Services Selection Board whether due to the negligence of any person or otherwise. Parents or guardians of the candidates will be required to sign a certificate to this effect.To be acceptable, candidates for the Army/Navy/Naval Academy and Air Force should secure the minimum qualifying marks separately in (i) Written examination as fixed by the Commission at their discretion and (ii) Officer Potentiality Test as fixed by the Services Selection Board at their discretion.Over and above candidates for the Air Force, and all the SSB qualified candidates as per their willingness, eligibility and preference for Air Force, should separately qualify the PABT.Subject to these conditions the qualified candidates will then be placed in a single combined list on the basis of total marks secured by them in the Written Examination and the Services Selection Board Tests. The final allocation/selection for admission to the Army, Navy, Air Force of the National Defence Academy and 10+2 Cadet Entry Scheme of Indian Naval Academy will be made upto the number of vacancies available subject to eligibility, medical fitness and merit-cum-preference of the candidates. The candidates who are eligible to be admitted to multiple Services/Courses will be considered for allocation/selection with reference to their order or preferences and in the event of their final allocation/ selection to one Service/Course, they will not be considered for admission to other remaining Services/Courses.N.B.: EVERY CANDIDATE FOR THE AIR FORCE IS GIVEN COMPUTERISED PILOT SELECTION SYSTEM (CPSS) AND PILOT APTITUDE TEST (WHICH FORMS THE WHOLE PAB TEST) ONLY ONCE. THE GRADE SECURED BY HIM AT THE FIRST TEST WILL THEREFORE HOLD GOOD FOR EVERY SUBSEQUENT INTERVIEW HE HAS WITH THE AIR FORCE SELECTION BOARD. A CANDIDATE WHO FAILS IN THE FIRST PILOT APTITUDE TEST CANNOT APPLY FOR ADMISSION TO THE NATIONAL DEFENCE ACADEMY EXAMINATION FOR THE AIR FORCE WING OR GENERAL DUTIES (PILOT) BRANCH OR NAVAL AIR ARM.Candidates who have been given the Computerised Pilot Selection System (CPSS) and Pilot Aptitude Test (which forms the whole PAB Test) for any previous N.D.A. course should submit their application for this examination for the Air Force Wing only if they have been notified as having qualified in the Pilot Aptitude Test.The form and manner of communication of the result of the examination to individual candidates shall be decided by the Commission at their discretion and the Commission will not enter into correspondence with them regarding the result.Success in the examination confers no right of admission to the Academy. A candidate must satisfy the appointing authority that he is suitable in all respects for admission to the Academy.THOROUGH MEDICAL EXAMINATION WILL BE CONDUCTED FOR THE SUCCESSFUL CANDIDATES AFTER SSB INTERVIEW AND BEFORE DECLARING THE FINAL RESULT.SCHEME OF EXAMINATION1. The subjects of the written examination, the time allowed and the maximum marks allotted to each subject will be as follows :—2. THE PAPERS IN ALL THE SUBJECTS WILL CONSIST OF OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS ONLY. THE QUESTION PAPERS (TEST BOOKLETS) OF MATHEMATICS AND PART “B” OF GENERAL ABILITY TEST WILL BE SET BILINGUALLY IN HINDI AS WELL AS ENGLISH.3. In the question papers, wherever necessary, questions involving the metric system of Weights and Measures only will be set.4. Candidates must write the papers in their own hand. In no circumstances will they be allowed the help of a scribe to write answers for them.5. The Commission have discretion to fix qualifying marks in any or all the subjects at the examination.6. The candidates are not permitted to use calculator or Mathematical or logarithmic table for answering objective type papers (Test Booklets). They should not therefore, bring the same inside the Examination Hall.B. SYLLABUS OF THE EXAMINATIONPAPER-IMATHEMATICS(Code No. 01)(Maximum Marks-300)1. ALGEBRAConcept of set, operations on sets, Venn diagrams. De Morgan laws, Cartesian product, relation, equivalence relation. Representation of real numbers on a line. Complex numbers—basic properties, modulus, argument, cube roots of unity. Binary system of numbers. Conversion of a number in decimal system to binary system and vice-versa. Arithmetic, Geometric and Harmonic progressions. Quadratic equations with real coefficients. Solution of linear inequations of two variables by graphs. Permutation and Combination. Binomial theorem and its applications. Logarithms and their applications.2. MATRICES AND DETERMINANTS :Types of matrices, operations on matrices. Determinant of a matrix, basic properties of determinants. Adjoint and inverse of a square matrix, Applications-Solution of a system of linear equations in two or three unknowns by Cramer’s rule and by Matrix Method.3. TRIGONOMETRY :Angles and their measures in degrees and in radians. Trigonometrical ratios. Trigonometric identities Sum and difference formulae. Multiple and Sub-multiple angles. Inverse trigonometric functions. Applications-Height and distance, properties of triangles.4. ANALYTICAL GEOMETRY OF TWO AND THREE DIMENSIONS:Rectangular Cartesian Coordinate system. Distance formula. Equation of a line in various forms. Angle between two lines. Distance of a point from a line. Equation of a circle in standard and in general form. Standard forms of parabola, ellipse and hyperbola. Eccentricity and axis of a conic. Point in a three dimensional space, distance between two points. Direction Cosines and direction ratios. Equation two points. Direction Cosines and direction ratios. Equation of a plane and a line in various forms. Angle between two lines and angle between two planes. Equation of a sphere.5. DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS :Concept of a real valued function–domain, range and graph of a function. Composite functions, one to one, onto and inverse functions. Notion of limit, Standard limits—examples. Continuity of functions—examples, algebraic operations on continuous functions. Derivative of function at a point, geometrical and physical interpretation of a derivative—applications. Derivatives of sum, product and quotient of functions, derivative of a function with respect to another function, derivative of a composite function. Second order derivatives. Increasing and decreasing functions. Application of derivatives in problems of maxima and minima.6. INTEGRAL CALCULUS AND DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS :Integration as inverse of differentiation, integration by substitution and by parts, standard integrals involving algebraic expressions, trigonometric, exponential and hyperbolic functions. Evaluation of definite integrals—determination of areas of plane regions bounded by curves— applications. Definition of order and degree of a differential equation, formation of a differential equation by examples. General and particular solution of a differential equations, solution of first order and first degree differential equations of various types—examples. Application in problems of growth and decay.7. VECTOR ALGEBRA :Vectors in two and three dimensions, magnitude and direction of a vector. Unit and null vectors, addition of vectors, scalar multiplication of a vector, scalar product or dot product of two vectors. Vector product or cross product of two vectors. Applications—work done by a force and moment of a force and in geometrical problems.8. STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY :Statistics : Classification of data, Frequency distribution, cumulative frequency distribution—examples. Graphical representation—Histogram, Pie Chart, frequency polygon—examples. Measures of Central tendency—Mean, median and mode. Variance and standard deviation—determination and comparison. Correlation and regression.Probability : Random experiment, outcomes and associated sample space, events, mutually exclusive and exhaustive events, impossible and certain events. Union and Intersection of events. Complementary, elementary and composite events. Definition of probability—classical and statistical— examples. Elementary theorems on probability—simple problems. Conditional probability, Bayes’ theorem—simple problems. Random variable as function on a sample space. Binomial distribution, examples of random experiments giving rise to Binominal distribution.PAPER-IIGENERAL ABILITY TEST(Code No. 02)(Maximum Marks—600)Part ‘A’—ENGLISH (Maximum Marks—200)The question paper in English will be designed to test the candidate’s understanding of English and workman like use of words. The syllabus covers various aspects like : Grammar and usage, vocabulary, comprehension and cohesion in extended text to test the candidate’s proficiency in English.Part ‘B’—GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (Maximum Marks—400)The question paper on General Knowledge will broadly cover the subjects : Physics, Chemistry, General Science, Social Studies, Geography and Current Events.- The syllabus given below is designed to indicate the scope of these subjects included in this paper. The topics mentioned are not to be regarded as exhaustive and questions on topics of similar nature not specifically mentioned in the syllabus may also be asked. Candidate’s answers are expected to show their knowledge and intelligent understanding of the subject.Section ‘A’ (Physics)Physical Properties and States of Matter, Mass, Weight, Volume, Density and Specific Gravity, Principle of Archimedes, Pressure Barometer. Motion of objects, Velocity and Acceleration, Newton’s Laws of Motion, Force and Momentum, Parallelogram of Forces, Stability and Equilibrium of bodies, Gravitation, elementary ideas of work, Power and Energy.Effects of Heat, Measurement of Temperature and Heat, change of State and Latent Heat, Modes of transference of Heat. Sound waves and their properties, Simple musical instruments. Rectilinear propagation of Light, Reflection and refraction. Spherical mirrors and Lenses, Human Eye. Natural and Artificial Magnets, Properties of a Magnet, Earth as a Magnet. Static and Current Electricity, conductors and Non-conductors, Ohm’s Law, Simple Electrical Circuits, Heating, Lighting and Magnetic effects of Current, Measurement of Electrical Power, Primary and Secondary Cells, Use of X-Rays.General Principles in the working of the following:Simple Pendulum, Simple Pulleys, Siphon, Levers, Balloon, Pumps, Hydrometer, Pressure Cooker, Thermos Flask, Gramophone, Telegraphs, Telephone, Periscope, Telescope, Microscope, Mariner’s Compass; Lightening Conductors, Safety Fuses.Section ‘B’ (Chemistry)Physical and Chemical changes. Elements, Mixtures and Compounds, Symbols, Formulae and simple Chemical Equations, Law of Chemical Combination (excluding problems). Properties of Air and Water. Preparation and Properties of Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen and Carbondioxide, Oxidation and Reduction. Acids, bases and salts. Carbon—different forms. Fertilizers—Natural and Artificial.Material used in the preparation of substances like Soap, Glass, Ink, Paper, Cement, Paints, Safety Matches and Gun-Powder. Elementary ideas about the structure of Atom, Atomic Equivalent and Molecular Weights, Valency.Section ‘C’ (General Science)Difference between the living and non-living. Basis of Life—Cells, Protoplasms and Tissues. Growth and Reproduction in Plants and Animals. Elementary knowledge of Human Body and its important organs. Common Epidemics, their causes and prevention. Food—Source of Energy for man. Constituents of food, Balanced Diet. The Solar System—Meteors and Comets, Eclipses. Achievements of Eminent Scientists.Section ‘D’ (History, Freedom Movement etc.)A broad survey of Indian History, with emphasis on Culture and Civilisation. Freedom Movement in India. Elementary study of Indian Constitution and Administration. Elementary knowledge of Five Year Plans of India. Panchayati Raj, Co-operatives and Community Development. Bhoodan, Sarvodaya, National Integration and Welfare State, Basic Teachings of Mahatma Gandhi. Forces shaping the modern world; Renaissance, Exploration and Discovery; War of American Independence. French Revolution, Industrial Revolution and Russian Revolution. Impact of Science and Technology on Society. Concept of one World, United Nations, Panchsheel, Democracy, Socialism and Communism. Role of India in the present world.Section ‘E’ (Geography)The Earth, its shape and size. Lattitudes and Longitudes, Concept of time. International Date Line. Movements of Earth and their effects. Origin of Earth. Rocks and their classification; Weathering— Mechanical and Chemical, Earthquakes and Volcanoes. Ocean Currents and Tides Atmosphere and its composition; Temperature and Atmospheric Pressure, Planetary Winds, Cyclones and Anti-cyclones; Humidity; Condensation and Precipitation; Types of Climate, Major Natural regions of the World. Regional Geography of India—Climate, Natural vegetation. Mineral and Power resources; location and distribution of agricultural and Industrial activities. Important Sea ports and main sea, land and air routes of India. Main items of Imports and Exports of India.Section ‘F’ (Current Events)Knowledge of Important events that have happened in India in the recent years. Current important world events. Prominent personalities—both Indian and International including those connected with cultural activities and sports.NOTE :Out of maximum marks assigned to part ‘B’ of this paper, questions on Sections ‘A’, ‘B’, ‘C’, ‘D’, ‘E’ and ‘F’ will carry approximately 25%, 15%, 10%, 20%, 20% and 10% weightages respectively.Intelligence and Personality TestThe SSB procedure consists of two stage Selection process - stage I and stage II. Only those candidates who clear the stage I are permitted to appear for stage II. The details are :(a) Stage I comprises of Officer Intelligence Rating (OIR) tests are Picture Perception * Description Test (PP&DT). The candidates will be shortlisted based on combination of performance in OIR Test and PP&DT.(b) Stage II Comprises of Interview, Group Testing Officer Tasks, Psychology Tests and the Conference. These tests are conducted over 4 days. The details of these tests are given on the website Join Indian Army | Government of India.The personality of a candidate is assessed by three different assessors viz. The Interviewing Officer (IO), Group Testing Officer (GTO) and the Psychologist. There are no separate weightage for each test. The mks are allotted by assessors only after taking into consideration the performance of the candidate holistically in all the test. In addition, marks for Conference are also allotted based on the initial performance of the Candidate in the three techniques and decision of the Board. All these have equal weightage.The various tests of IO, GTO and Psych are designed to bring out the presence/absence of Officer Like Qualities and their trainability in a candidate. Accordingly candidates are Recommended or Not Recommended at the SSB.(For more details, check UPSC website: UPSC)SSB interview is the world's toughest army test and typically these TOP 15 OFFICER LIKE QUALITIES (OLQs) are tested during the entire interview process:Effective Intelligence.Reasoning Ability.Power of Expression.Self Confidence.Determination.Organizing Ability.Initiative.Courage.Cooperation.Sense of Responsibility.Stamina.Group Influencing Ability.Liveliness.Social Adaptability.Speed of Decision“Origin of this type of testing belongs to first world war era. In the First World War, large numbers of casualties on battlefields necessitated recruitment of best fighting talent in armed forces. For this need, psychologists designed some scientific tests which assess candidate's Officer Like Qualities (OLQs). Over the years SSB testing has been improved based on feedback and has been proved to be an effective and accurate way of selecting candidates who are capable of being at least an average officer after training.”

Eligibility Criteria(i) Nationality(1) For the Indian Administrative Service and the Indian Police Service, a candidate must be a citizen of India.(2) For other services, a candidate must be either:—(a) A citizen of India, or(b) A subject of Nepal, or(c) A subject of Bhutan, or(d) A Tibetan refugee who came over to India before 1st January, 1962 with the intention of permanently settling in India, or(e) A person of Indian origin who has migrated from Pakistan, Burma, Sri Lanka, East African countries of Kenya, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Zaire, Ethiopia and Vietnam with the intention of permanently settling in India.⇒ Provided that a candidate belonging to categories (b), (c), (d) and (e) shall be a person in whose favour a certificate of eligibility has been issued by the Government of India.⇒ Provided further that candidates belonging to categories (b), (c) and (d) above will not be eligible for appointment to the Indian Foreign Service.⇒ A candidate in whose case a certificate of eligibility is necessary, may be admitted to the examination but the offer of appointment may be given only after the necessary eligibility certificate has been issued to him/her by the Government of India.(ii) Age Limits :(a) A candidate must have attained the age of 21 years and must not have attained the age of 32 years on the 1st of August, 2014 i.e., he/she must have been born not earlier than 2nd August, 1982 and not later than 1st August, 1993. Necessary action to make corresponding changes in respective Rules/ Regulations pertaining to various services is being taken separately.(b) The upper age limit prescribed above will be relaxable :(i) upto a maximum of five years if a candidate belongs to a Scheduled Caste or a Scheduled Tribe.(ii) upto a maximum of three years in the case of candidates belonging to Other Backward Classes who are eligible to avail of reservation applicable to such candidates.(iii) upto a maximum of five years if a candidate had ordinarily been domiciled in the State of Jammu & Kashmir during the period from the 1st January, 1980 to the 31st day of December, 1989.(iv) upto a maximum of three years in the case of Defence Services personnel disabled in operations during hostilities with any foreign country or in a disturbed area and released as a consequence thereof.(v) upto a maximum of five years in the case of ex-servicemen including Commissioned Officers and ECOs/SSCOs who have rendered at least five years Military Service as on 1st August, 2014and have been released (i) on completion of assignment (including those whose assignment is due to be completed within one year from 1st August, 2014) otherwise than by way of dismissal or discharge on account of misconduct or inefficiency, or (ii) on account of physical disability attributable to Military Service, or (iii) on invalidment. (vi) Up to a maximum of five years in the case of ECOs/SSCOs who have completed an initial period of assignment of five years Military Service as on 1st August, 2014 and whose assignment has been extended beyond five years and in whose case the Ministry of Defence issues a certificate that they can apply for civil employment and that they will be released on three months notice on selection from the date of receipt of offer of appointment. (vii) upto a maximum of 10 years in the case of blind, deaf-mute and orthopaedically handicapped persons.NOTE I:Candidates belonging to the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes and the Other Backward Classes who are also covered under any other clauses of para 3(ii) (b) above, viz. those coming under the category of Ex-servicemen, persons domiciled in the State of J & K, blind, deaf-mute and orthopaedically handicapped etc. will be eligible for grant of cumulative age-relaxation under both the categories.NOTE II:The term ex-servicemen will apply to the persons who are defined as ex-servicemen in the Ex-servicemen (Re-employment in Civil Services and Posts) Rules, 1979, as amended from time to time.Note III :The age concession under para 3(ii) (b) (v) and (vi) will not be admissible to Ex- Servicemen and Commissioned Officers including ECOs/SSCOs who are released on own request.NOTE IV:Notwithstanding the provision of age relaxation under para 3 (ii) (b) (vii) above, a physically disabled candidate will be considered to be eligible for appointment only if he/she (after such physical examination as the Government or appointing authority, as the case may be, may prescribe) is found to satisfy the requirements of physical and medical standards for the concerned Services/posts to be allocated to the physically disabled candidates by the Government.SAME AS PROVIDED ABOVE THE AGE LIMITS PRESCRIBED CAN IN NO CASE BE RELAXED.The date of birth accepted by the Commission is that entered in the Matriculation or Secondary School Leaving Certificate or in a certificate recognised by an Indian University as equivalent to Matriculation or in an extract from a Register of Matriculates maintained by a University, which extract must be certified by the proper authority of the University or in the Higher Secondary or an equivalent examination certificate.These certificates are required to be submitted only at the time of applying for the Civil Services (Main) Examination. No other document relating to age like horoscopes, affidavits, birth extracts from Municipal Corporation, service records and the like will be accepted.The expression Matriculation/Secondary Examination Certificate in this part of the instruction includes the alternative certificates mentionedabove.NOTE 1: Candidates should note that only the Date of Birth as recorded in the Matriculation/Secondary Examination Certificate or an equivalent certificate as on the date of submission of applications will be accepted by the Commission and no subsequent request for its change will be considered or granted.NOTE 2 : Candidates should also note that once a Date of Birth has been claimed by them and entered in the records of the Commission for the purpose of admission to an examination, no change will be allowed subsequently (or at any other examination of the Commission) on any grounds whatsoever.NOTE 3 : The candidates should exercise due care while entering their date of birth in column 3 of the Application Form for the Preliminary Examination. If on verification at any subsequent stage, any variation is found in their date of birth from the one entered in their matriculation or equivalent Examination certificate, disciplinary action will be taken against them by the Commission under the Rules.MINIMUM EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONSThe candidate must hold a degree of any of Universities incorporated by an Act of the Central or State Legislature in India or other educational institutions established by an Act of Parliament or declared to be deemed as a University Under Section-3 of the University Grants Commission Act, 1956, or possess an equivalent qualification.NOTE I : Candidates who have appeared at an examination the passing of which would render them educationally qualified for the Commission’s examination but have not been informed of the results as also the candidates who intend to appear at such a qualifying examination will also be eligible for admission to the Preliminary Examination.All candidates who are declared qualified by the Commission for taking the Civil Services (Main) Examination will be required to produce proof of passing the requisite examination with their application for the Main Examination failing which such candidates will not be admitted to the Main Examination. The applications for the Main Examination will be called sometime in the month of July/August, 2011.NOTE II : In exceptional cases the Union Public Service Commission may treat a candidate who has not any of the foregoing qualifications as a qualified candidate provided that he/ she has passed examination conducted by the other Institutions, the standard of which in the opinion of the Commission justifies his/her admission to the examination.NOTE III : Candidates possessing professional and technical qualifications which are recognised by Government as equivalent to professional and technical degree would also be eligible for admission to the examination.NOTE IV : Candidates who have passed the final professional M.B.B.S. or any other Medical Examination but have not completed their internship by the time of submission of their applications for the Civil Services (Main) Examination, will be provisionally admitted to the Examination provided they submit along with their application a copy of certificate from the concerned authority of the University/Institution that they had passed the requisite final professional medical examination. In such cases, the candidates will be required to produce at the time of their interview original Degree or a certificate from the concerned competent authority of the University/Institution that they had completed all requirements (including completion of internship) for the award of the Degree.NUMBER OF ATTEMPTSEvery candidate appearing at the examination who is otherwise eligible, shall be permitted six attempts at the examination.Provided that this restriction on the number of attempts will not apply in the case of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes candidates who are otherwise eligible.Provided further that the number of attempts permissible to candidates belonging to Other Backward Classes, who are otherwise eligible shall be nine. The relaxation will be available to the candidates who are eligible to avail of reservation applicable to such candidates.Provided further that a physically handicapped will get as many attempts as are available to other non-physically handicapped candidates of his or her community, subject to the condition that a physically handicapped candidate belonging to the General Category shall be eligible for nine attempts. Necessary action to make Corresponding Changes in respective Rules/Regulations Pertaining to various services is being taken separately. The relaxation will be available to the physically handicapped candidates who are eligible to avail of reservation applicable to such candidates.NOTE :(i) An attempt at a Preliminary Examination shall be deemed to be an attempt at the Examination.(ii) If a candidate actually appears in any one paper in the Preliminary Examination, he/she shall be deemed to have made an attempt at the Examination.(iii) Notwithstanding the disqualification/cancellation of candidature, the fact of appearance of the candidate at the examination will count as an attempt.RESTRICTIONS ON APPLYING FOR THE EXAMINATIONA candidate who is appointed to the Indian Administrative Service or the Indian Foreign Service on the results of an earlier examination and continues to be a member of that service will not be eligible to compete at this examination.In case such a candidate is appointed to the IAS/IFS after the Preliminary Examination of Civil Services Examination, 2014 is over and he/she continues to be a member of that service, he/she shall not be eligible to appear in the Civil Services (Main) Examination, 2014 notwithstanding his/her having qualified in the Preliminary Examination, 2014.Also provided that if such a candidate is appointed to IAS/IFS after the commencement of the Civil Services (Main) Examination, 2014 but before the result thereof and continues to be a member of that service, he/she shall not be considered for appointment to any service/post on the basis of the result of this examination viz. Civil Services Examination, 2014.REGULATIONS RELATING TO THE PHYSICAL EXAMINATIONS OF CANDIDATESCandidates must be physically fit according to physical standards for admission to Civil Services Examination. The regulations are published for the convenience of candidates and enable them to ascertain the probability of their possessing the required physical standard. The regulations are also intended to provide guidelines to the medical examiners.NOTE-1 "The medical Board while conducted medical examination of the candidates who have applied against the posts reserved for physically handicapped category will keep the relevant provisions of the persons with Disabilities (equal opportunity. Protection of right and full participation) Act, 1995 wherein the extent of permissible physical disability has been defined."NOTE-2 Further, Government also constitute Special Medical Board(s)/Appellate Medical Board to issue the Disability Certificate in the prescribed form to physically disabled candidates and also to conduct the regular medical examination of physically disabled candidates in terms of these regulations. Blind candidates shall be eligible only for selection/appointment in posts which are identified as suitable for them in the Brochure on Reservations and Concessions for physically handicapped in Central Government services.2. (a) The Government of India reserve to themselves absolute discretion to reject or accept any candidate after considering the report of the Medical Board.2. (b) The medical examination shall be conducted in two parts, i.e. Part I which shall consist of the entire medical examination which the medical board may prescribe for a candidate, except the Radiographic Examination of the chest (X-ray test ) and Part II which shall consist of Radiographic Examination (X-ray test of the chest ). The part II shall be conducted only in respect of the candidates who have been declared finally successful on the basis of the examination. The classification of various Services under the two categories, namely “Technical” and “Non-Technical” will be as under:-A.TECHNICAL(1) Indian Railway Traffic Service.(2) Indian Police service and other Central Police Services Group 'A' and 'B'.(3) Group ‘A’ Posts in the Railway Protection Force.B. NON-TECHNICALIAS,IFS,IA, and AS, Indian Customs and Central Excise service, Indian Civil Accounts Service, Indian Railway Accounts service, Indian Railway personnel service, Indian Defence Accounts services, Indian Revenue Service, Indian Ordnance Factories Services. Group A, Indian Postal Service, Indian Defence Estates Service Group A, Indian P&T Accounts and Finance Service, Group A and other Central Civil Services Group A and B.1. To be passed as fit for appointment, a candidate must be in good mental and bodily health and free from any physical defect likely to interfere with the efficient performance of the duties on his appointment.2. (a) In the matter of co-relation of age limit, height and chest girth of candidates of India (including Anglo-Indian race), it is left to the Medical Board to use whatever correlation figure are considered most suitable as a guide in the examination of the candidates. If there be any disproportion with regard to height, weight and chest girth, the candidates should be hospitalized for investigation and X-ray of the chest taken before the candidate is declared fit or not fit by the Board. However, the X-ray of the chest will be done in respect of only such candidates who are directed to appear before the medical board for Part II of the medical examination.(b) However, for certain services minimum standard for height and chest girth without which candidates cannot be accepted, are as follows:-*The minimum height prescribed is relaxable in the case of candidates belonging to scheduled Tribes and to races such as Gorkhas, Garhwalis, Assamese, Kumaonis, and Nagaland Tribal etc. whose average height is distinctly lower.**The following relaxed minimum height standard in case of candidates belonging to the Scheduled Tribes and to the races such as Gorkhas, Assamese, Kumaonis, and Nagaland are applicable to Indian Police Service.Men 160cms. Women 145cms.3. The candidate’s height will be measured as follows:-He will be remove his shoes and be placed against the standard with his feet together and the weight thrown on the heels and not on the toe or other sides of the feet. He will stand erect without rigidity and with heels calves’ buttocks and shoulder touching the standard; the chin will be depressed to bring the vertex of the head level under the horizontal bar and the height will be recorded in centimeters and parts of a centimeter to halves.4. The candidate’s chest will be measured as follows:He will be made to stand with his feet together and to raise arms over his head. The tape will be so adjusted round the chest that its upper edge touches the inferior angles of the shoulder blades behind and ties in the same horizontal plane when the tape is taken round the chest. The arms will then be lowered to hang loosely by the side and care will be taken that the shoulders are not thrown upwards or backwards so as to displace the tape. The candidate will then be directed to take a deep inspiration several times and the maximum expansion of the chest will be carefully noted and the minimum and maximum will then be recorded in centimeters 84-89, 86-93.5 etc. In recording the measurements fractions of less than half a centimeter should not be noted.N.B.- The height and chest of the candidates should be measured twice before coming to a final decision.5. The candidate will also be weighed and his weight recorded in kilograms; fractions of half a kilogram should not be noted.6. (a) The candidate’s eye-sight will be tested in accordance with the following rules. The result of each test will be recorded.(i) General- The candidate’s eyes will be submitted to a general examination directed to the detection of any disease or abnormality. The candidate will be rejected if he suffers from any morbid conditions of eye, eyelids or contiguous structure of such a sort as to render or are likely at future date to render him unfit for service.(ii) Visual Acuity- The examination for determining the acuteness of visions includes two tests-one for distant the other for near vision. Each eye will be examined separately.(b) There shall be no limit for maximum naked eye vision but the naked eye vision of the candidates shall however be recorded by the Medical Board or other medical authority in every case, as it will furnish the basic information in regard to the condition of the eye.(c) The following standards are prescribed for distant and near vision with or without glasses for different types of services.Class of ServiceBetter eye Worse eye(corrected vision)Better eye Worse eye(corrected vision)1. Distant vision6/6 or 6/96/12 or 6/96/6 or 6/96/18 to Nil or 6/122. Near visionJ1**J2**J1** J2J3 to Nil** J23. Types of corrections permittedSpectaclesSpectacles 10L*Radial Keratotomy*/ Lasik Laser Surgery4. Limits of refractive permitted+4.00 D (including cylinder)-Non- Pathological Myopia +4.00 D (including cylinder) (Hypermetropia)None but without5. Colour vision requirementsHigh GradeLow grade6. Binocular vision neededYesNo* To be referred to a Special Board of Ophthalmologists.** Near vision for Railways Service viz., IRTS, IRAS, IRPS and RPF is JI in better eye and JII in worse eye(d)(i) in respect of the Technical service mentioned above any other service concerned with the safety of public the total amount of Myopia (including the cylinder) shall not exceed minus 4.00 D. Total amount of hypermetropia (including the cylinder ) shall not exceed plus 4.00 D:Provided that in case a candidate in respect of the services classified as “Technical” (other than the Services under the Ministry of Railways) is found unfit on grounds of high myopia the matter shall be referred to a special board of three ophthalmologists to declare whether this myopia is pathological or not. In case it is not pathological, the candidate shall be declared fit, provided he fulfils the visual requirements otherwise.(ii) In every case of myopia, fundus examination should be carried out and the results recorded. In the event of pathological condition being present which is likely to be progressive and affect the efficiency of the candidate, he/she should be declared unfit.(e) Field of vision: The field of vision shall be tested in respect of all services by the confrontation method. When such test gives unsatisfactory or doubtful result the field of vision should be determined on the perimeter.(f) Night Blindness: Broadly there are two types of night blindness (1) as a result of Vitamin A deficiency and (2) as a result of Organic disease of Retina-common cause being Retinitis Pigmentosa. In (1) the fundus is normal, generally seen in younger age group and ill nourished persons and improves by large doses of Vitamin A. In (2) the fundus is often involved and mere fundus examination will reveal the condition in majority of cases. The patient in this category is an adult and may not suffer from malnutrition persons seeking employment for higher posts in the Government will fall in this category. For both (1) and (2) dark adaptation test will reveal the condition. For (2) specially when fundus is not involved electro-Retinography is required to be done. Both these tests (dark adaptation and retinography) are time-consuming and require as a routine test in a medical check up. Because of these specialized set up, and equipment and thus are not possible as a technical considerations, it is for the Ministry/Department to indicate if these tests for night blindness are required to be done. This will depend upon the job requirement and nature of duties to be performed by the prospective Government employees.For Railway Services (IRTS, IRAS, IRPS and RPF) - Night blindness need not be tested as a routine but only in special cases. No standard test for the testing of night blindness or dark adaption is prescribed. The Medical Board should be given the discretion to improvise such rough test e.g., recording of visual acuity with reduced illumination or by making or by making the candidate recognize various objects in a darkened room after he has been there for 20 to 30 minutes. “Candidates” own statements should not always be relied upon but they should be given due consideration.(g) Colour Vision: The testing of color vision shall be essential in respect of the Technical Services mentioned above. As regards the non-Technical Services/posts the Ministry/ Department concerned will have to inform the medical board that the candidate is for a service requiring colour vision examination or not.Colour perception should be graded into higher and lower depending upon the size of aperture in the lantern as described in the table below:-GradeHigher GradeColour PerceptionLower GradeColour Perception1231Distance between the lamp and the candidate16 ft16 ft2Size of aperture1.3 mm.13 mm.3Time of exposure5 second5 secondFor the IPS and other Police Services, Group ‘A’ and ‘B’ Indian Railway Traffic Service Group A posts in the Railway Protection force and for other Services concerned with the safety of the public higher grade of colour vision is essential but for others lower, grade of colour vision should be considered sufficient.Satisfactory colour vision constitutes, recognition with ease and without hesitation of signal red, green and yellow colours. The use of Ishihara’s plates, shown in good light and a suitable Edrige Green’s lantern shall be considered quite dependable for testing colour vision. While either of the two tests may ordinarily be considered sufficient in respect of services concerned with road, rail and air traffic, it is essential to carry out the lantern test. In doubtful cases where a candidate fails to qualify when tested by only one of the two tests, both the tests should be employed. However both the Ishihara’s plates and Edrige Green’s lantern shall be used for testing colour vision of candidates for appointment to the Indian Railway Traffic Service and Group ‘A’ posts in the Railway protection Force.(h) Ocular condition other than visual acuity-(i) Any organic disease or a progressive refractive error, which is likely to result in lowering visual acuity, should be considered a disqualification.(ii) squint: For technical services where the presence of binocular vision is essential squint, even if the vision acuity in each eye is of prescribed standard should be considered a disqualification. For other services the presence of squint should not be considered as a disqualification if the visual acuity is of the prescribed standards. For Railways technical services binocular vision is essential.(iii) if a person has one eye or if he has one eye which has normal vision and the other eye is amblyopic or has subnormal vision the usual effect is that the person is lacking stereoscopic vision for perception of depth. Such vision is not necessary for many civil posts. The medical board may recommend as fit such persons provided the normal eye has-6/6 distant vision j/I near vision with or without glasses provided the error in any meridian is not more than 4 dioptres for distant vision.Has full field of vision.Normal colour vision wherever required:Provided the Board is satisfied that the candidate can perform all the functions for the particular job in question.The above relaxed standard of visual acuity will NOT apply to candidates for post/services classified as “TECHNICAL” The Ministry/Department concerned will have to inform the medical board that the candidate is for a “TECHNICAL” post or not.(iv) Contact Lenses: During the medical examination of Candidate, the use of contact lenses is not to be allowed. It is necessary that when conducting eye test the illumination of the typed letters for distant vision should have an illumination of 15 footcandles.GUIDELINES FOR SPECIAL OPHTHALMIC BOARDSpecial ophthalmic Board for eye examination shall consist of 3 ophthalmologists:Cases where the Medical Board has recorded visual function within normal prescribed limits but suspects a disease of progressive and organic nature, which is likely to cause damage to the visual function should refer the candidate to a special ophthalmic Board for opinion as part of the first Medical Board.All cases of any type of surgery on eyes. IOL, refractive corneal surgery, doubtful cases of colour defect should be referred to special ophthalmic Board.

Originally answered in Who are the most respected chief ministers of India?The list is not in any orderEMS Namboodiripad, Kerala [CPI(M)] 1957-1959, 1967-1969Head of the first non-Congress government in India; head of the first elected communist government in India; founder-member of the socialist group in the Congress party [before he quit the party]; founder-member of the CPI [before the split]; founder-member of the CPI[M] [after the split]. None of these are, however, his only achievements. EMS launched land reform in Kerala, which is one reason why its society is seen as a role model for the rest of India even now. He also took health and education to all corners, which made Kerala's social indices the best in India for a long time. His police policy is among the first in India to clearly state that the work of the police was to keep a check on law and order, and not be part of disputes between landlords and peasants. This was a landmark policy that created a template. Individually, he left almost all the wealth he inherited to the CPI[M]. He would do his own chores and he had a great taste for writing. He is one of the few Indian chief ministers whose body of written work is as vast as their political legacy. His battles with Nehru are part of the Indian political folklore.K.KamarajOn April 13, 1954, K. Kamaraj reluctantly became the Chief Minister of Madras Province. To everyone’s surprise, Kamaraj nominated C. Subramaniam and M. Bhakthavatsalam, who had contested his leadership, to the newly formed cabinet. Kamaraj removed the family vocation based Hereditary Education Policy introduced by Rajaji. He reopened the 6000 schools closed by previous government for financial reasons and also added 12000 more schools. The State made immense strides in education and trade. New schools were opened, so that poor rural students were to walk no more than 3 miles to their nearest school. Better facilities were added to existing ones. No village remained without a primary school and no panchayat without a high school. Kamaraj strove to eradicate illiteracy by introducing free and compulsory education up to the eleventh standard. He introduced the Mid-day Meal Scheme to provide at least one meal per day to the lakhs of poor school children (first time in the whole world). He introduced free school uniforms to weed out caste, creed and class distinctions among young minds.Kamaraj remained Chief Minister for three consecutive terms. Kamaraj noticed that the Congress party was slowly losing its vigor. He came up with a plan which was called the “Kamaraj Plan”.On October 2, 1963, he resigned from the Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Post. He proposed that all senior Congress leaders should resign from their posts and devote all their energy to the re-vitalization of the Congress.In 1963 he suggested to Nehru that senior Congress leaders should leave ministerial posts to take up organisational work. This suggestion came to be known as the ‘Kamaraj Plan’, which was designed primarily to dispel from the minds of Congressmen the lure for power, creating in its place a dedicated attachment to the objectives and policies of the organisation. Kamaraj was elected President, Indian National Congress, on October 9, 1963.Well impressed by the achievements and acumen of Kamraj, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru felt that his services were needed more at the national level. In a swift move he brought Kamaraj to Delhi as the President of the Indian National Congress. Nehru realised that if he had wide learning and vision, Kamaraj possessed enormous common sense and pragmatism.Sheikh Abdullah, Jammu & Kashmir 1948-1953, 1975-1977 [Mar], 1977 [Jul]-1982Abdullah’s land reform policy was among the first – and among the most successful – in India. The concept of land to the tiller rang true in J&K even before Communist titans applied it elsewhere in the country. Abdullah’s relationship with Nehru was one of India’s important political sagas as they moved from friend to foe. It impacted Kashmir’s relationship with India, which is still not entirely stable. The last years of Abdullah were largely taken up by Islamabad and New Delhi. In an atmosphere where no one trusted anyone, it didn’t work. By then, Abdullah had done enough to be part of India’s narrative.B.C.RoyBC Roy, West Bengal [Congress] 1948-1962 One of the many Congress titans who gave Bengal the reputation of thinking first what the rest of India would think later. The sweep of his personal and professional work was such that it has survived the long Communist spell, the decimation of the Congress, and the recent mayhem of the Trinamool Congress. Roy was a doctor first and politician later and is still referred to by his honorific. He helped found the Indian Medical Association and the Medical Council of India. Even bigger are his initiatives to industrialise West Bengal by creating townships [Durgapur, for instance] and the rehabilitation of people who streamed in from [then] East Pakistan. He gave away all his wealth, including his house, to the state. He attended to patients until he could no more; he seemed to like helping the needy. His medical insights sort of guided him in Bengal's health policy. He was among the first Indian politicians to put health before anything else as a measure of a nation. His birth anniversary is observed as Doctors' Day in India. He was convinced that a working professional could be a good politician at the same time. His life proved it. He was canny too: he often got the Left to start protests to soften New Delhi and have his way.Manik Sarkar, TripuraHe has acquired a reputation for being probably the poorest chief minister in the country because of what his election affidavit earlier this year said. He had ₹1080 in the savings account he used and owns no vehicle or mobile phone. He donates his salary and allowances to the CPI[M], which gives him ₹5000 a month to subsist on. Sarkar's personal ethics are important because they survive in an ecosystem that encourages greed and looks down on the honest. Being clean, simple and skillful now is more of a challenge than in the 1950s and 1960s when it was assumed that public servants were clean and made excellence a habit. Sarkar's skill and temperament have kept peace in a crucial border state. Tension between tribals and non-tribals is down as is the influx of refugees from across the border. We don't worry about Tripura and that is the biggest thing Sarkar has achieved. His favourite theme is: fix the basics. He takes time over education, health and infrastructure. It works for Tripura and for him.