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Many things. Here are just a few:1. The cell phone was first developed at the Motorola plant in Israel.2. Most of the Windows NT and XP operating systems were developed by Microsoft-Israel.3. The Pentium MMX Chip technology was designed in Israel at Intel.4. Both the Pentium-4 microprocessor for desktop computers and the Centrino processor for laptops were entirely designed, developed and produced in Israel.5. Voice mail technology was developed in Israel. The Israeli company Amdocs is the largest company in the world in this field.6. Both Microsoft and Cisco built their only foreign-based research and development facilities in Israel.7. The program ICQ, which is the technological basis for AOL Instant Messenger, was developed in 1996 by four young Israelis.8. Disk on Key - a portable, virtual hard disk - was developed by the Israeli company M-Systems.9. Israel has the highest number of personal computers per capita in the world.10. Israel has the highest number of university degrees per capita in the world.11. Israel produces more scientific papers per capita than any other nation by a large margin - 109 per 10,000 people - as well as one of the highest per capita rates of patents filed.12. In proportion to its population, Israel has the largest number of startup companies in the world. In absolute terms, Israel has the largest number of startup companies than any other country in the world, except the US.13. With more than 3,000 high-tech companies and startups, Israel has the highest concentration of hi-tech companies in the world - apart from Silicon Valley.14. Israel is ranked #2 in the world for venture capital funds right behind the United States.15. Outside the United States and Canada, Israel has the largest number of companies listed on NASDAQ.16. Israel has the highest average living standard in the Middle East. The per capita income in 2000 was over $17,500.17. On a per capita basis, Israel has the largest number of biotech startups in the world.18. Twenty four percent of Israel's workforce holds university degrees - ranking third in the industrialized world, after the United States and Holland - and 12 percent hold advanced degrees.19. Israel has the third highest rate of entrepreneurship - and the highest rate among women and among people over 55 in the world.20. Relative to its population, Israel is the largest immigrant-absorbing nation on earth.21. Israel has the world's second highest supply of new books per capita.22. Israel has more museums per capita than any other country.23. Israeli scientists developed the first fully computerized, no-radiation diagnostic instrumentation for breast cancer.24. An Israeli company developed a computerized system for ensuring proper administration of medications, thus removing human error from medical treatment. . Every year in U. S. hospitals 7,000 patients die from treatment mistakes.25. Israel's Given Imaging developed the PillCam - the first ingestible video camera, which is so small it fits inside a pill. Used to view the small intestine from the inside, the camera helps doctors diagnose cancer and digestive disorders.26. Researchers in Israel developed a new device that directly helps the heart pump blood. The new device is synchronized with the heart's mechanical operations through a sophisticated system of sensors.27. Israel leads the world in the number of scientists and technicians in the workforce, with 145 per 10,000, as opposed to 85 in the U.S., over 70 in Japan, and less than 60 in Germany.28. A new acne treatment developed in Israel causes acne bacteria to self-destruct - all without damaging surrounding skin or tissue.29. An Israeli company was the first to develop and install a large-scale solar-powered and fully functional electricity generating plant in Southern California's Mojave Desert.30. The first computer anti-virus software package was developed in Israel back in the 1970's.31. Major law enforcement agencies use Israeli technologies to monitor voices and messages on conventional phones, mobile phones and e-mails.32. An Israeli company, Teva, is the world's largest generic pharmaceutical company.33. A new brain implant has been developed in Israel that can lower the risk of stroke by diverting blood clots away from sensitive areas of the brain.34. IBM scientists in Israel are playing a vital role in a massive project of the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) to discover the origins of life on earth.35. Israeli software company Check Point is the global leader in Virtual Private Network (VPN) and firewall technologies.36. Israeli company Elta is responsible for the world's first civilian aircraft equipped with technology designed to protect airliners from a missile attack.37. Mashav, the Israeli Foreign Ministry's Center for International Cooperation has trained over 200,000 international aid workers that have traveled to dozens of countries to help with medicine, agriculture, disaster relief, and many other issues.38. Israel has, for many years, held the world record in milk production.39. Rummikub, the third highest selling board game in the world, is manufactured in a family-run plant in the small southern Israeli town of Arad.40. Drip irrigation - the system that is based on using plastic pipes that release small amounts of water next to crops or plants - was developed by the Israeli engineer Simcha Blas in the 1970's. The invention caused a revolution in agriculture.41. A design submitted by Israeli-born Michael Arad has been chosen for the World Trade Center Memorial, from amongst 5,000 entries from around the world.42. Israeli company Retalix created the grocery scanners used at such stores as Costco, Albertson's, and 7-11, as well as 25,000 additional stores and quick-service restaurants throughout the United States.43. Primate research at Hebrew University is leading to the development of a robotic arm that can respond to the brain commands of a paralyzed person.44. Two Israeli researchers are generating cancer-killing molecules that will recognize cancerous cells and target them aggressively, while not affecting normal cells.45. Israeli researchers developed a novel stem cell therapy to treat Parkinson's Disease - using a patient's own bone marrow stem cells to produce the missing chemical that enables restoration of motor movement.46. Israeli company Silent Communications has developed a type of silent conversation system for cell phones, so users can carry on conversations without saying a word.47. The Israeli company Wondernet is currently dominating the world market in document signature authentication, with its unique scientific method of verifying handwritten signatures.48. Israeli Professor Yehuda Finkelstein has discovered the cause of and cure for halitosis (bad breath).49. Cherry tomatoes were originally supposed to be a snack when they were designed by a group of scientists led by professor Nahum Keidar from the agriculture faculty at the Weizmann Institute of Science, with the cooperation of the Israeli company Zera.50. The Quicktionary, a pen size scanner that scans a word or a sentence and translates it to a different language, was developed by the Wizcom Company, based in Jerusalem.51. Professor Ehud Keinan from the Technion Israel Institute of Technology developed a pen that identifies an improvised explosive.52. The Israeli company Insightec developed an ultrasound system for removing tumors without surgery.53. Researchers at the Technion have developed an antibiotic that destroys anthrax bacteria as well as the toxins it secretes into the bloodstream of the infected body.54. Epilady, an electric hair removal system, was developed by Yair Dar and Shimon Yahav from the Goshrim Kibbutz.55. The sun-heated water tank, a device that converts solar energy into thermal energy and that saves about 4% of the national energy supply, was developed by an engineer from Jerusalem.56. Dr. Gal Yadid, Dr. Rachel Mayan, and Professor Abraham Weizman from Bar Ilan University developed a form of drug rehabilitation using a natural steroid that is inserted into the brain and develops a resistance for the drugs.57. Alon Moses from Hadassah Medical Center in Jerusalem and Imanuel Hensky and Carlos Hidelgo-Grass from Hebrew University decoded the mechanism for Streptococcus A.The full list list is much longer.

1. Nintendo is Not DyingDespite its naysayers, as the most innovative of the three remaining game console manufacturers, Nintendo's future is still bright and promising. While other people have correctly pointed out that the Wii U has not been successful [1] despite its head start (see Figure 1 below), Nintendo is still not only profitable but has $10.5B in cash reserves [2], enough money to run $257M yearly deficits for 38 years. In addition, Nintendo has $6B in premises, equipment, and investments, and some of the most valuable video game IP for licensing (Mario, Zelda, Pokemon, etc.) if they get really desperate. In any case, as demonstrated in Figure 2, Nintendo is profitable again. It's clear that Nintendo isn't going away any time soon.People on the outside love to talk about a company's performance each Fiscal Quarter. As an engineer who has seen how many tech companies operate from the inside, including Apple, Intel, NVIDIA, and Microsoft, we couldn't care less how a company does each quarter (aside from looking at our stock portfolio performance). Engineering timescales in computer technology are on the order of 3-5+ years from project proposal to completion. Nintendo is on similar timescales: the original Wii was conceived in 2001 and launched in 2006 [32]. The Wii U was conceived in 2008 and launched in 2012 [33]. As a result, for the success of a product, the company must predict the state of the market 5-10 years in advance. All companies take risks and release clunkers for a product generation from time to time. As long as the company isn't in danger of becoming insolvent, poor short-term performance doesn't matter towards the long-term success of a company. However, it's when a company consistently doesn't learn from their mistakes each product generation and continually fails to execute that its future is in jeopardy. Nintendo hasn't demonstrated this at all: the last-generation Wii and DS were all monumental successes.Figure 1. Nintendo Wii U Total Sales Over TimeFigure 2. Nintendo Quarterly Net Income Over Time [3]1.1. Nintendo Revenue BreakdownSome people have stated that because Nintendo hasn't had much success in consoles since the original Wii, that their future looks bleak. This is simply distorting the facts. Nintendo's main product by revenue is not in consoles and console gaming. Would Nintendo like for consoles to be their main product? Sure. But the fact remains that for more than the last decade (with the exception of a brief period of time during 2009-2010), Nintendo's hardware and software revenues have been dominated by handheld devices. In fact, it's well-known that unlike Microsoft or Sony, Nintendo generally makes profit on their hardware. Other companies use consoles as loss leaders and make their profits on high software margins. However, unfortunately for Nintendo, they had to sell the 3DS and Wii U initially at a loss, although they were able to rectify the issue with both [30] [31].Figure 2.1. Nintendo Hardware vs Software Revenue Breakdown Over Time [29]Figure 2.1. Nintendo Hardware Revenue Breakdown Over Time [29]Figure 2.2. Nintendo Software Revenue Breakdown Over Time [29]Figure 2.3. Nintendo Gross Profit Ratio Over Time [29]2. The Future of Nintendo: The Short TermWhat sort of products will Nintendo develop in the near-future? The most obvious is Nintendo's next-generation system, the Nintendo NX, due to launch late this year. In a recent interview with Time Magazine [4], new Nintendo president Tatsumi Kimishima made the following declarations:Nintendo shouldn’t blindly port its IP onto mobile devices. While Nintendo wishes to increase access to its IP, it won't be putting everything on smartphones any time soon. Rumors regarding Nintendo quitting consoles and going smartphone-only are false.Nintendo will unify its properties across all platforms with My Nintendo and Nintendo Account. A key starting feature is Nintendo Points, which can be redeemed for digital content and original goods [5]. The new iOS/Android smartphone app Miitomo is a key part of this [6], which allows for social interaction through the ever-popular Nintendo Mii avatars.Nintendo NX will be unique and different. It will not be the next iteration of the Wii or Wii U. Nintendo learned its lessons from Wii U, in which it was hard to convince its existing Wii userbase to upgrade to something incremental.2.1. The Nintendo NXUnfortunately, Nintendo has not said much about NX, preferring to keep it a surprise. Fortunately, there have been quite a few rumors and leaks, enough for us to make some fairly concrete predictions. Bear in mind that despite the number of rumors that have come out, many are false so good judgement is needed.Many of the answerers for this question are affiliated with the game industry and probably cannot comment on rumors due to NDAs. However, as an outsider I am unrestricted and can comment and speculate freely. As an avid hardware enthusiast and PhD student in computer architecture, I have traced the rumors to their source and determined what I feel to be credible. The following sections are the result of compiling tens if not hundreds of different rumors and tidbits found on various websites and forums.2.1.1. The NX ControllerFrom the classic SNES controller, to the multi-positional batarang-style Nintendo 64 controller, to the Wiimote and Wii U gamepad, Nintendo has always innovated with the controller. Thus, most of the popular speculation is regarding what the NX controller will look like.Pretty much everyone has already seen the Nintendo patents, so lets quickly summarize. A patent Nintendo filed in 2015 describes a unique and highly customizable touchscreen controller shown in Figure 3, which people speculate could be a precursor to the NX controller. Nintendo describes a method to solve the current issues plaguing touchscreen controllers, namely the lack of physical button/joystick feedback from pure touchscreen controllers, and the awkwardness of reaching back and forth between physical buttons and the touchscreen. The controller is an innovative handheld that tightly integrates embedded analog sticks with a surrounding oval touchscreen that reaches to the very edge of the device. Distance between physical buttons and the touchscreen is minimized, and the size of the touchscreen provides for more immersion.While many patent filings are to explore ideas and cover their bases, this technology seems fairly practical. Nintendo is rumored to be one of Sharp's first customers for its LCD FreeForm Technology shown in Figure 4, which can be cut into any arbitrary shape and allows for precisely this sort of display [8]. Supposedly, Nintendo is looking for a donut-shaped display with a hole in the middle presumably for buttons.Figure 3. Nintendo's Patented Touchscreen ControllerFigure 4. Sharp's FreeForm Display Technology2.1.2. The Nintendo NX Hardware SpecificationsLess-discussed are the hardware specifications for the Nintendo NX. After the failure of the GameCube, Nintendo has refrained from competing on sheer hardware horsepower, instead choosing to release cheaper and lower-power hardware such as the Wii and Wii U. Rumors state that NX is the name for the unified mobile and console gaming systems [20]. I will only be considering the console gaming system for these specifications.This time around, there is one massive change: Nintendo is very likely switching from IBM PowerPC to x86. This is huge, as it allows game developers to quickly port games from XBox and Playstation (which also use x86) to the NX. Previously, the conversion process was much more difficult. This may be the basis behind Electronic Arts rekindling their relationship with Nintendo [9].It is well-known that Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) builds the semi-custom processors (both processors and graphics) present in both the XBox One and Playstation 4. From the GameCube to the Wii and Wii U, while Nintendo has used AMD graphics, they have gone with the same virtually-identical PowerPC 750 processor. However, AMD recently announced that they gained two more semi-custom design wins. It is rumored that one is an ARM-based processor for Facebook, and the other is an x86-based processor for Nintendo NX [10].A leaked screenshot of a Nintendo insider survey, shown in Figure 5, shows that Nintendo is targeting 900p/60fps for their NX console. While XBox One and Playstation 4 claim to target 1080p/60fps, many AAA games with intensive graphics, such as The Witcher 3, can only run at 900p/30fps or 1080p/30fps [11]. Therefore, we can expect overall performance to be at least equal to that of the XBox One.There has been an especially interesting rumor from a very credible source: the Wall Street Journal's tech reporter Takashi Mochizuki. In email correspondence with forumgoers, Mochizuki states unequivocally that "Several people who said who have seen a [NX] demo said what they saw is impossible to run on a computer without a "industry-leading" or "cutting-edge" chips", and that NX development kits contain leading-edge hardware [12]. In contrast, Wii U development kits were only ~2x faster than an XBox One [13].Based on this information, it is possible to intelligently speculate NX hardware specifications. Figure 6 shows the high-level hardware specifications of the XBox One and Playstation along with my speculative specifications for the Nintendo NX.The XBox and Playstation have fairly similar specs, both using many low-power AMD Jaguar cores coupled with a high-end (at the time) AMD GPU. Microsoft tried to save money with the XBox by using the cheaper and lower-bandwidth DDR3 coupled with high-bandwidth eDRAM, while Sony went all-out for performance with a more powerful GPU coupled with high-bandwidth but expensive GDDR5. However, since then, AMD has released more efficient and powerful CPUs and GPUs. In addition, after long delays, both TSMC and GlobalFoundries have finally ironed out the kinks and gotten their latest FINFET process technology ready for mass production. Moving from TSMC 28nm to 16/14nm FINFET alone can provide 65% higher speed, 2x the density (cost reduction), or 70% less power [14]. Generally, companies choose a mix of all three.It is very likely that Nintendo chose to use AMD's latest low-power CPUs. These CPUs are fully-synthesizable, meaning that it's relatively simple to manufacture them on a different process technology. The latest-version low-power CPU from AMD is called Puma+, a further refinement from their Puma core, which is 25-35% faster clock-for-clock and 2x more power efficient than Jaguar [15]. Due to the newer process technology, Nintendo may choose to clock the CPU frequency much higher than that of the XBox One or Playstation 4.AMD has since released more efficient and powerful GPUs as well. The latest Radeon Fury X, which uses the GCN 1.2 architecture and manufactured on TSMC 28nm, contains 4096 shader cores and up to 8 TFLOPS theoretical single-precision performance [16]. This is 4-8x higher performance than the XBox One or Playstation 4. However, unlike Microsoft and Sony, Nintendo would never choose the highest-end components for their console. Therefore, 2-4 TFLOPS is much more reasonable. When manufactured on a 14/16nm FINFET process, the 598mm^2 die shrinks to 195mm^2. Cut in half or a quarter, the die would be 50mm^2 to 100mm^2, very reasonably costed while still being significantly faster than XBox One or PS4. In contrast, the Wii U "Latte" GPU die is 146mm^2 [17]. Nintendo may choose to stay with GCN 1.2, or upgrade to AMD's upcoming GCN 2.0 architecture, Polaris, which offers significantly higher performance and power efficiency on 14nm nodes [18]. Generally, moving to a new graphics architecture further improves performance per mm^2.The final question is memory. Nintendo has historically skimped on system DRAM, instead choosing to use only a small amount of slow DRAM coupled with a small but fast EDRAM buffer. I expect this trend to continue. Both XBox One and PS4 have 8GB of system memory. Therefore, I expect the next-generation NX console to have 4GB or, at the very most, match them with 8GB. DDR4 has recently neared the crossover price point with DDR3 [19], and with time I expect DDR4 to become cheaper than DDR3 as memory manufacturers increase DDR4 volumes. Therefore, either DDR3 or DDR4 are reasonable.AMD has recently started using Micron's High Bandwidth Memory technology (HBM), which offers extremely high memory bandwidth at low power, but as a new technology is very expensive. If Nintendo values power consumption (e.g. for good mobile performance), then 2 to 4GB of HBM is a distinct possibility. In addition, with such high bandwidth, there is no more need for eDRAM. However, I do not expect Nintendo to go this route.Figure 5. Leaked Nintendo NX Survey ScreenshotFigure 6. Speculative Nintendo NX Specifications Compared to XBox and PlaystationFigure 7. Historical Nintendo Console Specifications2.1.3. Nintendo NX Launch TitlesThere are many first party titles rumored to be available at launch, including a new Super Smash Bros [21]. More interestingly, the mysterious Pokemon Go augmented reality game, announced September 2015, has been pushed back far enough to now be considered a NX launch title [22]. In addition, Pokemon Sun and Moon are announced to be launching this holiday season. A forumsgoer on NeoGAF correctly predicted the Pokemon Sun/Moon announcement as well as its internal codename of Niji, which lends credence to his other rumors. One of the biggest rumors is that a new Legend of Zelda game will be a launch title this holiday season for NX [23].Figure 8. Nintendo Rendering of Pokemon Go3. The Future of Nintendo: Long TermI expect Nintendo to release consoles for many more generations past NX. While it is impossible to predict what Nintendo will do next, I think there are some general trends.The main trend is: Nintendo loves Augmented Reality.Let's take a look through history at Nintendo's various attempts at immersive game experiences.1988: Nintendo and Bandai releases the Power PadThe Power Pad is a floor mat game controller designed for family games and exercise [27]. It was somewhat successful, with 11 games supporting the controller. It later spawned games such as Dance Dance Revolution.Figure 9. The Bandai Power Pad1989: Mattel releases the Nintendo Power Glove"I love the Power Glove. It's so bad."- Lucas Barton, from "The Wizard"Truer words have never been spoken. The Power Glove, a controller accessory for the NES, promised virtual reality mechanics but delivered imprecise and hard-to-use controls. It had finger gesture-based controls and its sonic sensors could detect pitch and yaw. Modern variants which shun the glove include Leap Motion [24] and Thalmic Labs Myo [25].Figure 9. The Power Glove, as featured in the movie "The Wizard"1995: Nintendo releases the Virtual BoyThe Virtual Boy was Nintendo's first effort at producing a virtual reality game console, beating Oculus and HTC Vive by several decades. Unfortunately, the technology wasn't there yet and the Virtual Boy, which could only display monochrome red games and caused headaches after long periods of play, was a failure. You can read more about the interesting history and technology behind the Virtual Boy here: Unraveling The Enigma Of Nintendo's Virtual Boy, 20 Years LaterFigure 10. The Nintendo Virtual Boy2001: The Nintendo GameCube Almost had 3D CapabilitiesBefore the release of the Nintendo GameCube, Nintendo internally evaluated the potential for supporting 3D content, even developing a fully-working game to go with it: Luigi's Mansion. This was revealed by an interview with the late Nintendo President, Satoru Iwata [26]. However, after the disaster of Virtual Boy, they realized that 3D was not yet ready for the spotlight and axed that feature."The Nintendo GameCube system actually had 3D-compatible circuitry built in. ... It had the potential for such functions," Iwata told an interviewer. "If you fit it with a certain accessory, it could display 3D images. ... Nintendo GameCube was released in 2001, exactly 10 years ago. We'd been thinking about 3D for a long time, even back then."The GameCube's 3D functionality was to be achieved with a special liquid crystal display that would have been sold separately. However, due to the cost of LCD screens at the time, the peripheral was deemed too expensive and never made it past the prototype phase."We couldn't have done it without selling it for a price far above that of the Nintendo GameCube system, itself!" remarked Iwata. "We already had a game for it, though--Luigi's Mansion, simultaneously released with Nintendo GameCube. ... We had a functional version of that in 3D."2005: Nintendo Reveals the Wii RemoteNintendo revolutionized the gaming industry with the reveal of the Wii Remote, a split controller with embedded 3-axis accelerometers to track controller movement. An embedded optical sensor combined with a sensor bar enabled the system to determine where the controller was pointed. Nintendo later released the MotionPlus accessory, which adds a gyroscope for more accurate controller positioning.Unfortunately, the colloquially termed Wii-mote never truly took off. While first-party games made effective use of the device, third-party games never were able to use it effectively. Still, the Wii Remote and Nunchuk combined to sell over 8.5 million units in the United States, and took the top two spots in video game accessories sales in 2006. In the U.S., the Nunchuk was the best-selling video game hardware for January 2008, with 375,000 units sold, in a month where the Wii was the best-selling console with 274,000 units sold [28].Figure 11. The Wiimote and Nunchuck2010: Nintendo Finally Releases a Successful 3D Product: the 3DSAfter several attempts, Nintendo finally released a successful mainstream product with stereoscopic 3D technology: the Nintendo 3DS. The device, with a touchscreen bottom panel and 3D top panel, enabled 3D vision without the use of special glasses through the use of a parallax barrier. The New 3DS improved this with camera-aided head tracking to increase the field of view for the 3D effect.Figure 12. The Nintendo 3DS with Stereoscopic Display3.1. What's Next for NintendoThroughout its history, Nintendo has been constantly exploring innovative new input devices and display technologies. I expect this to continue. Nintendo has already greatly influenced the gaming industry, including the fledgling Virtual Reality industry. For example, Figure 13 shows the HTC Vive. To some degree, doesn't the headset resemble the Virtual Boy and the controllers resemble the Wiimote?I completely expect Nintendo to eventually make a massive push at the cutting-edge of Virtual Reality. They have done so in the past, and will surely do so in the future. However, they have learned lessons from consoles such as the Virtual Boy and will only step in when they feel the time is right. It's probably not right for this upcoming console generation, but who knows what the future will hold for Nintendo.Figure 13. The HTC Vive Virtual Reality Gaming Device[1] PS4 vs Xbox One vs Wii U Global Lifetime Sales – October 2015 Update[2] Nintendo has enough cash in the bank to run a deficit for 38 years[3] Nintendo Net Income (Quarterly) (NTDOY)[4] Nintendo President Tatsumi Kimishima on the Future[5] Nintendo details My Nintendo points program[6] Miitomo | Nintendo[7] GAME APPARATUS AND INFORMATION PROCESSING APPARATUS[8] These are the amazing 'free-form' displays that Nintendo may be using[9] Rumour: EA And Nintendo Looking To Rekindle "Unprecedented Partnership" On NX[10] More hints that AMD is building Nintendo NX’s processor[11] The Witcher 3 Running 900p, 30fps On Xbox One, 1080p At 30fps On PS4 | CINEMABLEND [12] Nintendo NX Tech Demo needs "Cutting Edge Chips" to run on PC[13] Final version of Wii U dev kit has shipped to developers?[14] Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited[15] AMD: The New Puma Chip As A Catalyst In Mobile[16] The AMD Radeon R9 Fury X Review: Aiming For the Top[17] WiiU "Latte" GPU Die Photo - GPU Feature Set And Power Analysis[18] AMD’s new graphics architecture is called Polaris[19] Price Check: Price Gap Between DDR3 and DDR4 Memory Almost Gone[20] The Nintendo NX will reportedly be a powerful mobile-console hybrid[21] Dr. Serkan Toto on Twitter[22] Pokemon GO to run on Nintendo NX? [23] Rumor: 3DS 2016 plans leaked, The Legend of Zelda Wii U an NX holiday 2016 launch title[24] Leap Motion[25] Myo Gesture Control Armband[26] GameCube almost had 3D functionality[27] Power Pad[28] Wii Remote[29] A Deeper Analysis of Nintendo’s Financials - Why They Can’t Drop Hardware[30] Nintendo No Longer Losing Money on 3DS Hardware Sales[31] Nintendo: Wii U No Longer Sold At A Loss[32] Wii[33] Wii U

Geoff McGhee is an online journalist who spent a year during his John S. Knight Journalism Fellowship at Stanford interviewing and researching some of the 'thought leaders' of data visualization, whether that be people or organizations. He compiled his research into a video documentary which can and should be viewed at http://datajournalism.stanford.edu/.This is currently the best starting point into the world of data visualization thought leaders that I am aware of.I've listed the individuals highlighted in the video and included their bios below in order of appearance (excuse typos—had to ocr).Fernanda ViegasViegas is a visualization researcher who joined Google's "Big Picture" data visualization group in the summer of 2010, together with her longtime collaborator at IBM Research, Martin Wattenberg. Viegas is known for using visualization to explore social interchanges in email, chat histories and Wikipedia edit trails. Following on their groundbreaking work creating the public visualization tool ManyEyes, Viegas and Wattenberg recently released TimeFlow, a free downloadable chronological analysis tool for journalists and researchers.Martin WattenbergWattenberg is a prominent visualization researcher and artist, known forinfluential works such as the Baby Name Voyager(2005) and the SmartMoneyMap of the Market (1998). The latter was a milestone visualization in the service of journalism, modifying the "treemap" visualization format of Shneiderman to display a live snapshot of the stock market. Wattenberg spent five years at IBM Research, during which time he co-developed the public visualization tool ManyEyes. Along with his longtime collaborator Fernanda Viegas, Wattenberg joined Google's Cambridge-based research lab in the summer of 2010.Ben FryFry's work spans the worlds of science, technology, art and communication. At the MIT Media Lab, he co-developed the open-source programming toolProcessing with Casey Reas. Processing provides a simple, accessible interface for non-programmers to harness the graphics generation capabilities of the Java programming language. He also wrote the book "Visualizing Data“ (2007), which offers detailed step-by-step instructions for creating some of his most well-known visualizations. Fry recently started a new consulting firm called Fathom that is producing interactive visualizations for such clients as GE Healthcare. His work has been shown in major museums around the world.Aaron KoblinAaron Koblin made a splash with "Flight Patterns," (2004) his influentialvisualization of a single day's airtraffic over the United States. Since getting his masters’ degree from UCLA's Design | Media Arts school, he has had a wide-ranging career in design, visualization, and generative art. He has crowd-sourced songs and drawings using Mechanical Turk, Amazon's web-based system for assigning minute tasks, and at Google's Creative Lab he works on "Chrome Experiments,“ a site intended to showcase the advanced features of modern web browsers. He has collaborated with bands like Radiohead, Interpol and the Arcade Fire to create visualization-driven music videos.Jeffrey HeerHeer is a prolific contributor to the field of information visualization. He led the development of three open source toolkits designed to ease the process of creating visualizations: Prefuse (2004), Flare (2008) and Protovis (2009). Heer is also interested in the social interactions around visualization; in 2006 he worked with the IBM researchers Martin Wattenberg and Fernanda Viégas to create Sense.us a collaborative visualization tool that allowed users to mark and comment on historical employment data from the U.S. Census Bureau. He teaches a course in data visualization at Stanford.Steve DuenesDuenes manages a staff of about 30 graphics editors doing reporting, 2D and 3D illustration, programming, interactive design, data analysis and cartography. The group has retooled in the past five years, developing an online graphics capacity to match its reputation in print, with an array of new tools, templates, interface conventions and code libraries. "We're now assembling teams with greater numbers of people on them," he says, "than we used to in order to assemble a print graphic."Amanda CoxWith degrees in mathematics, economics and statistics, Cox has brought new refinement and innovation to The Times’ graphical presentations of quantitative data. She frequently uses the statistical applicationR to plot data sets— often using algorithms developed in the academic world—then outputs them either as line art for print publication, or she works with her colleagues to translate them into Flash code for interactive presentations.J. Paige WestAs the director of nbcnews.com - Breaking news, science and tech news, world news, US news, local news's Interactive Studio in Redmond, Wash, Westmanages a group of about a dozen staff divided evenly between developers and designers. The Interactive Studio creates multimedia and interactive features for one of the most popular U.S. news websites, as well as and tools and templates for producers throughout the MSNBC.oom newsroom. In 2009, MSNBC bought the hyper-local data aggregator Everyblock.com opening the door to blending highly detailed local information with MSNBC's nationally-focused news.Scott Byrne-FraserByrne-Fraser is the Creative Director of the BBC News website. He manages a team of about eight designers, eight journalists and four developers who create maps, infographics, charts and data visualizations. He comes from a background producing 3D and motion graphics for broadcast news at Sky Television. He wants to foster collaboration between the traditionally separate on-air and online graphics teams at the BBC. "We‘ve got a huge TV design team, a huge online design team, and they're currently totally separate silos, and I want to bring the two together so we can do more videos online." He is also working to re-orient the group's focus towards more data analysis and visualization.Nigel HolmesThe former graphics director of Time Magazine and a prolific informationgraphics designer, Nigel Holmes is known for tackling complex and difficultsubjects — the Iraq war, the economic crisis, for example— in ways that are clear and engaging. About some contemporary visualizations he says, "it seems to me to be playing with data rather than extracting meaning from it." He is the author of "Wordless Diagrams," a series of visual explanations that uses no text at all. He is a frequent contributor to publications like Good Magazine, The New York Times Op—Ed page, Wired and the Atlantic Monthly.Richard Koci HernandezHernandez is an Emmy-winning visual journalist who worked at the San JoseMercury News for 15 years. As a visiting fellow at the University of California,Berkeley's Knight Center for Digital Media, he conducts research and trainingprograms in multimedia journalism. Visualization has turned out to be the toughest training challenge, he says. "ln terms of multimedia skills, that's been from my experience the one where we‘ve lacked the most."Alberto CairoAlberto Cairo led the El Mundo.es infographics team in the early 2000s, a time when they and their Madrid rivals El Pais were creating some of the most innovative and sophisticated online graphics in the industry. He taughtinformation graphics and design at the journalism school of the University ofNorth Carolina, where he oversaw a number of standout multimedia projectsand authored the handbook" lntogratia 2.0“ a guide to infographics andcartography. Since 2004, he has co-instructed the workshop in onlineinfographics at the University of Navarre in Spain. In 2009 he joined the Brazilian magazine publishing firm Globo as their director of infographics.John GrimwadeGrimwade is a respected information graphics designer and educator. He is the longtime graphics director for Condé Nast Traveler, and was shared withPortfolio Magazine during its brief run that ended in 2009. He teaches information graphics at the School of Visual Arts in New York City and has been an instructor at the "Show Don‘t Tell" workshop at the Malofiej lnfographics Conference in Pamplona since 1993. A veteran of newspaper information graphics at the Times of London, Grimwade has frequently called for data visualizations to be held to strict standards of transparency and clarity.Hannah FairfieldFairfield was a graphics editor for The New York Times from 1999-2010. Inrecent years, she produced the innovative "Metrics" column, a large-formatinformation graphic in the Times’ Sunday business section. With relatively long lead times, she was able to experiment with new graphic forms and sophisticated data presentations of subjects like home foreclosures, unemployment and the difference in salaries between male and female workers. In September 2010, Fairfield became Graphics Director of The Washington Post.Alvaro ValinoValino is part of a five-person team creating information graphics at the Spanish newspaper Publioo. The paper's spare and clean graphic style and ambitious data visualizations netted it 21 medals at the Malofiej awards in 2010, all the more impressive given that the paper was only in its second year of publication. Interestingly, the Publico team has applied a data vis-heavy approach to not only business and hard news stories, but to arts, sports and culture stories, such as graphics exploring EdgarAllen Poe's literary legacy and Paul Newman's career. A visualization of NBA playoff history won a silver medal at Malofiej.Thomas MolenThomas Molen's graphic visualizing votes by country for the 2008 EurovisionSong Contest was a surprise winner of the Malofiej oompetition's prestigious"Best in Show" award for 2010. The graphic sought to investigate whetherEastern European fans voted as a block for other Eastern European countries.Nicholas FeltonNicholas Felton is a graphic designer with an emphasis on visualizaing datathroughout his work. His clients includeCNN, The Wall Street Journal New York Magazine and Wired. Since 2005 he has been publishing personal "annual reports" of his year made with statistical ephemera. In this vein he co-founded the web service Daytum.com which he describes as "a site for counting and communicating daily data." He describes his work variously as "data blogging" and creating "data heirlooms."Eric RodenbeckRodenbeck is a partner in Stamen Design, an influential visualization andinteractive design firm in San Francisco. Stamen's work straddles art, design, news and technology. The company has designed applications and visualizations for clients like MTV, MSNBC, NBC Sports, the London 2012 Olympic Committee, Trulia and others. Stamen's work focuses frequently on visualizing live data streams, such as Twitter activity around entertainment events, or crime data from Oakland and San Francisco. Stamen is a winner of the 2010 Knight News Challenge for a project called "Citytracking", which is intended to help users create visualizations from municipal data.Ola RoslingRosling joined Google in 2007 after its purchase of the nonprofit company called Gapminder that he co-founded with his father, Hans Rosling (the voluble Swedish public health researcher known for his animated TED Talkspresentations on human development). Google incorporated Gapminder's"Trendalyzer" technology for creating animated bubble plots into its onlinespreadsheet tools and, most recently, into a new product called Public DataExplorer.Malofiej Infographics ConferenceThe Malofiej conference and competition is sometimes called "the Pulitzers of information graphics." Held every year since 1993 at the University of Navarre in Pamplona, Spain, it brings together a hundred-plus practitioners of infographics from around the world. It is organized by the Society for News Design, Spain (SND-E). It incorporates workshops, lectures and an awards ceremony that spans a range of breaking news and features categories. In recent years, the most celebrated work has shifted from elaborate illustrations toward abstract and artful representations of data.Dana PriestDana Priest is an investigative reporter forThe Washington Post, celebrated for exposes on conditions in Walter Reed Army Medical Centerand secret CIA prisons She recently co-authored theTop Secret Americaseries on national security contractors, which included a multimedia and data visualization-rich online presentation.One other mentioned in the data journalism video, but not called out with a bio is Mike Bostock, now working for Square. He has developed many of the tools that other online data visualization artists use, such as D3 and Protovis.