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My nomination goes to an American lawyer who is much better known in Australia than in his home country, and has recently moved here with his family:(Former) USMC lawyer Michael "Dan" MoriThen-Major Mori - who will always be "Major Mori" to many Australians - was appointed to represent Australia's only Guantanamo Bay inmate, David Hicks. He was one of five military lawyers who had the courage to stand up to the Bush administration and challenge the legality of the entire military commission system, earning the group the 2005 American Civil Liberties Union's Roger N. Baldwin Medal of Liberty Award.The Australian government came under heavy criticism for doing the least to ensure fairness for its citizen in Guantanamo of any nation. Other allied nations, such as the British, were able to have their Guantanamo inmates released, and the United States afforded its citizens rights that were denied to David Hicks. The Howard government in Australia simply refused to do anything to ensure even the most basic rights were afforded to David Hicks. Major Mori went well beyond a minimal "representation of his client" to raise the profile of his treatment in the Australian media, attending Australia many times to speak at protest rallies, to NGOs, conduct speaking tours, etc., at great personal cost, and reputedly to the detriment of his USMC career.Major Mori was very popular with Australian citizens - if not its government - and in 2007 was awarded an honorary membership in the Australian Bar Association for his defence of David Hicks. He also received a civil justice award from the Australian Lawyers Alliance as "recognition by the legal profession of unsung heroes who, despite personal risk or sacrifice, have fought to preserve individual rights, human dignity or safety".Major Mori recently retired from the Marine Corps and has relocated to Australia to practise law in Melbourne. The citizens of Australia salute you, Dan, and we're thrilled that in addition to being an "honorary Aussie", you're now an "Aussie by residence".Source: Michael Mori

Some good answers have already come forth. Some others:Satyajit RayIn an era where filmmaking is hopeless in India with Bollywood having badly taken away any hope for sensible cinema, he gives hope.Honorary Oscar Award for role in DirectionMost famous work- Appu Trilogy, consisting of Pather Panchali which won 11 International prizes including Best Human Documentary at CannesAwarded 32 national film awards, Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 1985, Legion of Honor by President of France- 1987Awarded Bharat Ratna- highest civilian honour in India in 1992Satyendra Nath BoseEveryone who studies physics has been referred to his work in passing, but he never grabbed the limelight. His legacy in physics has been immortalized:Particle 'Boson' is named after him by Paul DiracWorked with arguably the greatest scientist ever, Albert Einstein and developed 'Bose-Einstein statistics' & 'Bose-Einstein Condensate'Studied throughout from University of Calcutta, taught there and later at University of Dhaka till partition.Awarded Padma Vibhushan by Indian Govt in 1954; appointed National scholar (highest Indian honor for a scholar) 1959-74.President, Indian Statistical Institute (ISI); nominated Member, Rajya SabhaDespite many Nobel prizes awarded to works on Bose-Einstein statistics, he never received. His response "I've got all the recognition I deserve"Also did research in biotechnology, literature, chemistry, geology, zoology, engineering & worked towards promotion of Bengali as a teaching language, translating scientific papers into it & promoting region's developmentAmartya SenOnly living Indian Nobel Laureate- Nobel Prize in Economics, 1998.Work focuses on poorest people, includes study of famines (causes, tackling)Designed Human Development Index (HDI) alongside Mahbub-ul-Haq ('90)Author of "Argumentative Indian"Accolades- just too many (Amartya Sen is a must read)Awarded Bharat Ratna Award, 1999Over 90 honorary degrees across the world, honorary memberships in societies in US, UK. Honorary citizenship by Bangladesh.First non-American recipient of National Humanities Medal (2011) by US GovtFirst Indian/Asian to head Oxbridge (Oxford-Cambridge) college (Trinity College, Cambridge). Currently Professor of Economics, Harvard.Jagdish Chandra BoseA Bengali polymath, physicist, biologist, botanist, archeologist, sci-fi authorIEEE named him among fathers of radio science for pioneering investigation of radio & microwave optics.First person from Indian subcontinent to recieve a US patent. Invented crescograph to study plant response to various stimuliInstead of gaining commerical benefits, made his inventions public to allow others to develop further research. Filed patent due to peer pressurePresidency College, Calcutta: Appointed officiating professor of physics. Victimized racially- Indian professors were paid Rs. 200/month, Europeans Rs.300/month since he was officiating- was offered only 100. He protested and declined, teaching without salary for 3 years. Realizing his value he was made permanent & given full salary of previous 3 years. Since British govt didn't encourage research by colonies, made equipment using own moneyAmong his notable students were SN Bose, Meghnad Saha (Bengali astrophysicist: Saha Equation, nominated 4 times for Nobel Prize in Physics)

The 11th President of India & the Missile Man of India-Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul KalamHere is a little glimpse of his work in his field apart from all different works he has done to make us proud -Acknowledged as the driving force behind India's quest for cutting-edge defence technologies, former president Dr Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam's contributions to India's satellite programmes, guided and ballistic missiles project, nuclear weapons programme and the Light Combat Aircraft(LCA) project made him a household name.Kalam made significant contribution as Project Director to develop India's first indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which successfully injected the Rohini satellite in the near earth orbit in July 1980 and made India an exclusive member of the space club.Kalam was also behind the evolution of Indian Space Research Organisation's launch vehicle programme, particularly the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) configuration.After working for two decades in ISRO and mastering launch vehicle technologies, he took up the responsibility of developing Indigenous Guided Missiles at Defence Research and Development Organisation as the Chief Executive of Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP).He also gave thrust to self-reliance in defence systems by progressing multiple development tasks and mission projects such as Light Combat Aircraft.According to the New Indian Express, Kalam was one of the key figures who inspired the ISRO into taking up its missions to Moon and Mars.Indian space agency chief AS Krishna Kumar said that even at the age of 83 years, the missile man was thinking about finding better solutions for the country's energy requirements.And as the reports said, even during his last time he was mostly worried about the terror attack and the non functioning of the Parliament. :)Kalam was the proud recipient of Padma Bhushan, Padma Vibhushan and Bharat Ratna awards from the Government of India. He received the same in the years 1981, 1990 and 1997, respectively.In 1997, he was honored by the Government of India with the Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration.Later, the next year, he was awarded the Veer Savarkar Award by the Government of India.The Alwars Research Centre, Chennai, bestowed Kalam with Ramanujan Award in the year 2000.Kalam was honored with the King Charles II Medal by the Royal Society, U.K in 2007.The California Institute of Technology, U.S.A, presented Kalam with the International von Karman Wings Award in the year 2009. The same year, he won the Hoover Medal by ASME Foundation, USA.The IEEE honored Kalam with IEEE Honorary Membership in 2011.Kalam was the proud recipient of honorary doctorates from 40 universities.He was nominated for the MTV Youth Icon of the Year award in 2003 and in 2006.Images source-Google Images