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Here are some of the main points in my manifesto:(1) Income tax and corporate tax will be completely abolished. This would promote investments, growth, industries and employment. A large number of MNCs are expected to shift manufacturing / service industry base to India to save taxes. More industries and more businesses are the only ways to increase employment in India. For this to happen, other necessary infrastructure improvements will also be made. GST will be rationalised (with less number of rates) with strict implementation through technologies. This will also help in reduction of black money and corruption. [Please see one of my earlier replies on this issue for some more details.](2) All currency notes of ₹ 100 and above will be demonetised with no option to exchange them. There will however be six months’ period given before implementing this decision. This will make it possible to all to adjust to the new system and deposit all their high denomination notes in the banks (they would be checked for fake notes). All transactions above the value of ₹ 20,000 shall be compulsorily required to be in the form of crossed cheques / drafts / digital currency / online payments. RuPay Card will be taken over by the Government / RBI which will have ZERO transaction costs for all values for everybody, whether it is traders or customers (or, else, if needed, a new simple card will be launched for this purpose). UPI / BHIM app payments will also be made FREE for traders as well as customers for all values. These payment methods will be made universal and easier. The cost incurred on these will be borne by the Government, which will be much less than the cost incurred on printing / distribution of currency notes. If needed, smart card currency (somewhat similar to Delhi Metro smart card) with innovative features will be introduced. All small denomination currency notes of ₹ 50 and below will continue to be in operation (for the near future and medium term, at least) so that poor and less-educated citizens are not inconvenienced. These measures will help in reduction of black money and corruption.(3) The strength of judiciary will be increased at least by 500%, i.e., 5 times (or more, if needed), along with sufficient supporting staff. This will ensure that instead of litigants waiting for the cases to be heard, the judges will have to wait for newer cases to come up, i.e., the judges should be able to sit idle and most cases will be decided in matter of days, or at the most in months (and, not in decades as at present). Likewise, strength of police forces will also be hiked by 5 times. This will ensure that police should be able to reach the spot in about 2 minutes (in cities) and about 15 minutes (in villages) on the report of a crime occurring. This will ensure better prevention and detection of crime. These measures will ensure that ALL LAWS are respected, unlike today when most laws are broken with impunity. Mere enactment of laws is not sufficient, they also need to be enforced. This will ensure discipline. This will also provide some employment opportunities.(4) A permanent ban on future increases in reservation will be made effective. Creamy layer concept with strict guidelines will be enforced on all reserved categories (maximum of one benefit per person, and limited number of benefits per family). This will ensure that the real deserving sections of the reserved categories get the benefit unlike the present system where the same people get the benefit again and again at the cost of the most needy. At the same time, the existing reservation will be reduced by 5% for each category on pro rata basis every year (for example, for SC category, 15% reservation will be reduced by 0.75% every year), so that in 20 years the reservation could be ended completely. This will ensure that merit is given its due place after 20 years, while ensuring equality for everybody. A slow and long-term withdrawal of reservations will help ease tensions in the concerned communities. At the same time, due to heavily increased employment opportunities in private sector (due to zero-tax effect) and decreasing importance of government sector, reduction of reservations will be less painful for the concerned communities. Also, scholarships and financial help to poor and needy students of all communities will be given liberally. Drastic increase in educational institutions of repute (see next point) will help students of all communities to get better education opportunities even without reservations.(5) Top 100 universities / educational institutes of the world (such as Harvard, MIT, etc.) will be given not only permission, but also incentives, to set up their institutes in India, wherever they want. They would be encouraged to open more and more such institutes in India in order to provide world-class education to Indian students within India. Instead of the “Not for Profit” concept in education, the concept of “For Profit” education will also be allowed. There is no free lunch, after all. A free lunch cannot be a good lunch. At the same time, drastically increased number of scholarships and cheaper / easier educational loans would be provided to students. It will be ensured that if a student can get admission on merit in a reputed top level institute, he does not have to forego his admission due to want of financial resources. This system will enhance the standards of existing Indian institutes also (something similar when industries, such as auto industry was opened up for foreign competition). What is of priority would be giving best education to Indians, it is immaterial whether it is given by foreign institutes (in India) or the Indian institutes. The priority is not the welfare of Indian institutes but the welfare of the Indian students and the education. [For some more details on this issue, please see my previous answer on a related topic.](6) No country can be strong, if its defence forces are weak. Consider the examples of UK and USA at their respective prime times. Now, look at China. So, best technologies would be made available to defence forces. 100% FDI will be allowed in Defence sector without restrictions, with freedom to export their defence products (in order to incentivize them). In addition, incentives will be given to those who bring best / latest technologies in India. A transparent / fixed price-advantage will be given for defence products manufactured in India (even if by foreign companies) vis-à-vis imported ones, OTHER THINGS remaining the same; however, this does not mean that quality of products would be compromised; wherever, latest technology is not available in India, firstly efforts will be made to get that in India, otherwise such products can still be imported so as to ensure that our defence forces get the latest and best weapons and equipment. To remove chances of corruption and to avoid delays in defence acquisitions, transparent acquisition committees will be formed which will also have leaders of 3 largest opposition parties (in that order) in the Lok Sabha, and some prominent defence / technology experts who will be selected jointly by the government / opposition members.(7) Irrigation (including drip-irrigation) will be greatly enhanced. Best agricultural technologies will be introduced, if needed, by importing them. MSP based system will be abolished to avoid distorted crop pattern. Instead of that, if needed, a fixed amount per acre will be given as help to marginal farmers. Farmers will be given advance information about pattern of crops being currently sowed in India (using satellite and other technologies) so that they can take informed decision about which crops are going to be more beneficial to them. Artificial restrictions on movement of crops out of a state will be removed and farmers will be free to sell their crops anywhere in India (as is allowed to industries and traders). Exports of agricultural produce will be freely allowed (without restrictions) to help farmers achieve better incomes wherever possible. If necessary, the Government may store minimum crucial stocks of some important crops to protect consumers, but it will be at the cost of the Government and not at the cost of the farmers. Main problem of farmers is small farm size (sometimes, one acre or even less). Cooperative farming, contract farming, and even corporate farming (with sufficient safeguards) will be allowed to willing farmers on voluntary basis. Crop insurance will be enhanced drastically to secure farmers’ income. Agriculture and farm-based / cottage industries will be encouraged to take care of employment of persons in presently over-employed agriculture sector. Water management technologies (such as those used in Israel) will be used. All other technologies and methods would be used (with OPEN MIND) that help farmers increase their income, making them self-independent instead of making them dependent on loan waivers, freebies, etc. The emphasis is on asset-creation that can have long-term use, instead of freebies which are of short term use. Teach a person how to earn, instead of giving him food free for one or two times.(8) All transactions with Government will be made digital (except where it is impossible). No new law / rule / circular / guidelines, etc., will be allowed to be issued, unless it has first been uploaded online. All applications from citizens will be allowed online. Citizens will be allowed to interact with officers through video-conferencing (instead of personal meets) which shall be recorded. Such centres will be set up at designated places, if needed. Red tape breeds corruption, and all efforts would be made to reduce delays in delivery of services. Time-bound services will be ensured for all government functions. All government information shall be deemed to be open to all, and if any information is to be marked “confidential” or “secret” etc., that can be done only on some well-established guidelines and not at the whims of the officers. These and various other transparency measures will make better governance possible, with reduced corruption.(9) All PSUs will be privatized (not mere disinvestment of part-equity), barring in space and nuclear energy. But, even in space and nuclear energy, private sector will also be permitted (such as, those similar to, SpaceX of Elon Musk, or Areva and Westinghouse). Government has no business to be in business. Banks, Railways, etc., will also be privatised in phases, but within specified limited time period. For example, operations of railways can be privatized initially (starting with some trains), construction and upkeep of some tracks can be privatised (like some national highways), goods trains can be completely privatised. This can also raise money for initial years to take care of temporary effects of abolition of income tax and corporate tax.(10) All new technologies, such as solar power, electric vehicles, artificial intelligence, genetic science, 5G, etc., will be sufficiently encouraged, incentivized and promoted. India will be made the hub of the fourth industrial revolution by taking all steps necessary to promote innovation by facilitating research. A proper ecosystem will be put in place for this purpose that can self-propel innovation and research in all sectors, without any unnecessary government intervention. In fact, experience shows that the government only restricts growth by its intervention in newer technologies. So, there would not be any unnecessary intervention from Government. On the other hand, DARPA model of US, of giving special grants for high-tech and cutting-edge innovations by universities, private industries, research institutes, etc., will be followed.(11) Governance will be made visible everywhere, while Government will be made invisible. This means, minimum Government, maximum Governance. A rule-based transparent governance, helped by technology, not by discretion of human beings. With less and less human interface, and more and more technology-interface.Well, I can go on and on. I have at least 100 more points for my manifesto, and each of the above points can also be expanded with more details. But, I thought I should stop at 11.Yes, I know, this manifesto may not perhaps win votes. But, it can help India grow. In fact, I feel that it can win votes too, if properly followed and explained to people.I know it is an academic exercise. But, it may create some awareness. And, after all, every big idea has a small origin.[Edit: I have answered this question only as an academic exercise. This is an imaginary question. I have no intention to create any political party. I am writing this Edit, since some friends have perhaps thought that I may be floating any party. Not at all. My answer was just to create awareness about the issues that should be in national interest. That’s all. Thanks.]

What are your views on the Union Budget of India (2017–18)?An implicit question in this one is if it is a good budget overall or not. I feel that a better approach towards this year’s budget would be a comparative one. Let’s see how the budget highlights fare against what was done earlier. Let’s also try to uncover some of the stuff in the budget which have not been highlighted but which are, nevertheless, important.Agriculture:Long term irrigation corpus has been doubled from Rs. 20,000 crore to Rs. 40,000 crore.A micro-irrigation fund of Rs. 5000 crore is also to be setup. This is supposed to help in drought mitigation as only 40% of the total cultivated land in the country is irrigated. However, there are rising requests to streamline and efficiently implement the subsidy scheme that is already present for micro-irrigation. Normally, farmers want to set up the micro irrigation systems, after the monsoon season is over. However, the pre-sanction can take very long. Many a times, the subsidy disbursal is delayed by two to three years after the farmer submits his application. [1]A special fund for dairy processing and infrastructure development of Rs. 8000 crore will be created. This is a good step to bring sustainability to agriculture. Farmers have shown abilities to manage inclement weather and market vagaries by investing in dairy as an alternate source of income. The fund is supposedly enough to modernize India’s dairy processing infrastructure which is 30–40 years old and also create new milk processing cooperatives of the size of Amul. [2] [3]The govt. will set up mini labs in the Krishi Vigyan Kendras for soil testing.The farmer credit has been increased from Rs. 9 lakh crore in FY 2016–17 to Rs. 10 lakh crore in 2017–18. Increased focus will be given to Eastern states and Jammu and Kashmir since they have been under-served.Rural Population:Allocation for MGNREGA has been increased from Rs. 38,500 crore last year to Rs. 48,000 crore, the highest ever allocation. This comes in spite of the current govt. not being an advocate for the scheme. Two years of drought has forced the govt. to bailout the rural sector using the scheme which, though is a money guzzling monster, has wide reach and deep ground work in rural India. It’d be interesting to see how the govt. performs.The budget allocation for Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana has remained the same at Rs. 19,000 crore. However, according to govt. reports, the rate of road construction has increased from 70–80 kms per between 2011–14 to 100 kms per day in 2014–16. Now it stands at 139 kms per day. [4][5]Targeting to complete 1 crore houses for the rural homeless, the allocation for the Pradhan Mantri Gram Awaas Yojana has been increased from Rs. 15,000 crore to Rs. 23,000 crore. [6]Mr. Jaitley has claimed that the country was well on its way to provide 100% rural electrification by March 2018. However “The Hindu”, has done some investigative journalism and has found that the earlier claims by the govt. regarding rural electrification to be grossly exaggerated. Hence we can take Mr. Jaitley’s claim with a pinch of salt. [7] [8]The govt. is planning to make 50,000 gram panchayats out of 2,50,000 total gram panchayats in India to be poverty free. The problem is the definition of the poverty line. Since the NITI Aayog has been formed, there hasn’t been any clear definition of the poverty line. There was a news report claiming that the Aayog supported the Tendulkar Poverty line of Rs. 33 a day. But later another news report claimed that the Aayog is likely to form another committee to cautiously determine the poverty line. [9] [10] [11]Poor and the under-privileged:Rs. 500 crore has been allocated for setting up Mahila Shakti Kendras in the 14 lakh Anganwadis across the country. It will be a one stop convergent service for empowering rural women with opportunities for skill development, employment, digital literacy, health and nutrition. But the problem is that Rs. 500 crore divided by 14 lakh anganwadis comes to Rs. 3,571 per anganwadi. I don’t know what can be achieved with this amount. Another problem is that the Anganwadis have been set up under the ICDS which has seen budget cuts to the tune of 50% (Rs. 8000 crore) in the past two years. [13] [14]The total outlay for the development of women and children across ministries is Rs. 1.84 lakh crore. This forms 8.57% of the total estimated budgetary expenditure of Rs. 21.47 lakh crore. It is also an increase of over 0.5% from last years budget where Rs. 1.56 lakh crore out of Rs. 19.78 lakh crore was budgeted to spent on women and children development schemes across ministries.The amount budgeted for Indira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog Yojana saw a four times jump with Rs. 2,700 crore being set aside this year as compared to Rs. 634 crore in 2016-17. Under this scheme, Rs. 6000 will be provided to all pregnant women who seek institutionalized delivery and vaccination. [14]The allocation for Scheduled Castes is Rs. 52,393 crore, an increase of 35% from the allocation previous year which stood at Rs. 38,833 crore. But we must take it with a pinch of salt. In 2014–15 the budgetary allocation was Rs. 50,548 crore. It was reduced by 40% the next year. Also, according the Jadhav committee recommendations, budgetary allocations for the SC’s should be 4.62% of the total expenditure, which comes out to around Rs. 97,000 crore in 2017–18 and Rs. 82,000 crore in 2014–15 when the actual allotment was Rs. 50,548 crore.Same goes for the allocation for Scheduled Tribes. It stands at Rs. 31,295 crore, a jump of 30% over the previous allocation of Rs. 24,005 crores. But the Jadhav committee recommends allocating Rs. 49,992 crores for 2017–18. Interestingly, here too, in 2014–15, against the committee recommendation of allocating Rs. 42,141 crores, the actual allocation was Rs. 32,387 crore, higher than the present allocation. [15] [16] [17]Aadhar based smart cards will be issued to senior citizens to monitor health.Railways and infrastructure:The budgetary allocation for infrastructure stands at a whopping Rs. 3.96 lakh crore. This is close to 80% increase from the previous budgetary allotment of Rs. 2.21 lakh crore.The budgetary allocation for railways has also been increased to Rs. 1.31 lakh crore from Rs. 1.21 lakh crore previous year.The budgetary allocation for highways too continued the upward trend. Rs. 64,000 crore was allocated as against Rs. 55,000 crore last year. It was Rs. 28,881 crore in 2014–15 and Rs. 42,913 crore in 2015–16.Finance:The allocation for lending under the Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana, a scheme for funding non corporate small businesses, has been increased from Rs. 1.80 lakh crore to Rs. 2.44 lakh crore.For big-time offences - including economic offenders fleeing India, the government will introduce legislative change or introduce law to confiscate the assets of these people within the country. This is especially important considering the Vijay Mallya episode.Digital India - BHIM app will unleash mobile phone revolution. The government will introduce two schemes to promote BHIM App - referral bonus for the users and cash back for the traders. This plan is consistent with the push to digitization. However, we are missing a huge point. For digitization, we need cellphones, which in turn need cellphone towers, which in their turn need electricity. Where is electricity? In an earlier point I mentioned about the lapses in the claims of the govt. regarding rural electrification. In my view, the push to digitization should continue, however, rural electrification and cellular infrastructure are a must if this is to succeed. [7] [8]Taxation:There is some cheer for the salaried class. The tax rate for income between Rs. 2.5 lakhs to Rs. 5 lakh has been slashed by half. And those earning higher will see a tax benefit of Rs. 12,500 per year.10% surcharge on individual income above Rs. 50 lakh and up to Rs 1 crore to make up for Rs 15,000 crore loss due to cut in personal I-T rate. 15% surcharge on individual income above Rs. 1 crore to remain.The Income Tax Act to be amended to ensure that no transaction above Rs 3 lakh is permitted in cash.Under the corporate tax, in order to make MSME companies more viable, there is a proposal to reduce tax for small companies with a turnover of up to Rs. 50 crore to 25%. As compared to bigger corporations, they don’t enjoy a lot of exemptions. Hence while a corporation earning a profit of Rs. 500 crore would effectively pay a tax rate of 24.67%, the MSME’s had to pay full 30% corporate tax. [18]Fiscal situation and miscellaneous:Total budgetary expenditure is Rs. 21.47 lakh crore.Fiscal deficit of 2017-18 pegged at 3.2% of the GDP. Will remain committed to achieving 3% in the next year.The defence sector gets an allocation of Rs. 2,74,114 crore, excluding pensions. It is a modest 6% increase which may not even be able to meet the impact of inflation, depreciation of the rupee and the imposition of customs duty on military imports from last year. [19] [20]Political parties and funding:The maximum cash donation that a political party can receive from a single source is reduced from Rs. 20,000 to Rs. 2,000. People are quoting it as a step towards greater political transparency. In reality however, it is a complete hogwash. As long as anonymous donations are allowed, black cash will keep flowing into the coffers of the political parties. Earlier they’d say donations worth Rs. 2,00,000 have come from 11 donors, all anonymous. Now they’d say the same amount has come from 101 donors, all anonymous. [21] [22]Where is the increased push towards education?Overall, this budget focuses a lot on agriculture, which has been neglected for a very long time. This is something which is really heartening. It also reflects the mood of the current govt. to keep up the boost towards infrastructure.However it does miss out or gloss over or simply carry on what was already there in important fields such as education, health care and defence.In terms of allocations towards SC/ST’s and political funding, this budget has been a colossal disappointment.Links:Budget 2017: Micro-irrigation industry demands better implementation of subsidiesUnion Budget 2017: Nabard hails higher fund allocation for irrigation, dairy sectorIndia to add ‘two Amuls’ milk capacity in 3 years - Times of IndiaRural roads' construction pace increases to 139km/day - The Economic TimesBudget 2017: Government aims to bring 1 crore households out of poverty by 2019Union Budget 2017: 53 per cent more funds for rural housesOn paper, electrified villages — in reality, darknessRural electrification: Centre’s claim exaggeratedNiti Aayog task force backs ‘Tendulkar poverty line’Niti Aayog to set up panel to draw up a new poverty line - Times of IndiaDefining a poverty line for IndiaWhat to expect from the budget's Mahila Shakti Kendras: Not much, say activistsMahila Shakti Kendras to boost skill development - Times of IndiaBudget 2017: Allocation to women and child development ministry up by 20%Union Budget 2017: Over 30 percent hike for SC-ST welfare in budget allocation‘Budget a major disappointment for SC/STs’The 2017 Budget Is Taking SC/ST Welfare BackwardsBudget 2017: Corporate tax for MSMEs with revenue under Rs 50 cr at 25%Budget 2017: Arun Jaitley raises defence budget by 10 per cent to Rs 2,74,000 croreDefence Budget 2017-18: Chugging AlongWhy Modi Government's Political Funding Reforms May Just Be a Smokescreen₹2,000 ceiling for cash donation to parties

So both "Start Up India" and "Stand Up India" schemes are kicked off by Mr. PM or lets say initiative to bring India back to track by letting people start their own business with help of govt. with minimum meeting eligibility... both are 2 sides or a coin.Both schemes have attracted a lot of citizens to initiate their own business where Stand Up India is more to enable the lower caste people.Start Up India:E- registration will be done. The application forms for start up India will be made available in April 2016.A self certification system will be launched.A dedicated web portal and mobile app will be developed.Arrangement of self certificate based compliance.No inspection during the first 3 years.80 percent reduction in the application fee of start up patent.Easy exit policy.Inclusion of Credit Guarantee Fund.Relaxation in Income Tax for first three year.Special Arrangement for Female applicants.Stand Up India:The scheme is intended to promote entrepreneurship among SC/ST's and women and will involve loans ranging from Rs. 10 lakh to Rs. 1 crore. The intention behind this is to leverage the institutional credit structure to reach out to these under served sectors of the population by facilitating bank loans in the non-farm sector set up by such SC, ST and women borrowers.Stand up India initiative aimed at promoting entrepreneurship among SC/STs and womenLaunched in UP at function marking birth anniversary of former Deputy PM Babu Jagjivan Ram, with eye on Dalit vote ahead of UP assembly polls in 2017.Under Stand Up India 1.25 lakh bank branches will give loans up to Rs 1 crore.In our country a majority of women population struggle to get the finance if they want to start their own business. Below is the stats to understand more; Gender-GEDI Index for 2014, compiled by Washington-based Global Entrepreneurship and Development Institute (GEDI). India ranks in the bottom five of 30 countries surveyed for conditions that foster 'high potential' women entrepreneurship.So basically we have provided very minimum opportunities to women and only few have excelled and set an example. The govt. is trying to look at those areas and give opportunity to those where no one have ever looked before.Now a lot of people might just say this should not be named as "Stand Up India" but "SC/ST India programme" but hey we are bunch of tolerant nation.Its a good move by current govt. trying to give opportunity for the needy to live in dignity rather in reservations. I also believe if the current govt can implement this effectively then in few decades the reservations or special quota might be out of window due to employments available through these start-ups.As there is a famous saying, "give a man a fish and you feed him for a day; teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime".Congress in 60+ years gave reservations ONLY to SC/ST so that they are always dependent on government education, jobs rather than making them self reliant and build protect their pride. Reservations are required, but in parallel should give opportunity for those SC/ST who want to be self reliant.