Clearview High School: Fill & Download for Free

Yes. It began along time ago.My mother was the last of five girls born to a Korean War Vet and an Overly Religious Simpleton. My mother is a Nom-Vet-Kid , which means her father was Off his rocker and a real piece of work. My Grandmother was simple; cook,clean, raise children, be quiet and Don't question any males. My Grandfather would do all kinds of wrong, from stashing money and pretending to be broke, to binge drinking and disappearing with hookers for weeks. He would leave them alone in a shack without power or indoor plumbing, while he would be doing god only knows what. My mother and her sisters endured a lot of his verbal physical and mental abuse until he died. A lot of his horrible traits and mannerisms were passed down to my mother, whom at the time, believe(d) his actions were normal.My mother met my father when they were young. My father was born the youngest to a hippy type old woman who worked all her life at the same job for years. His father was never around. Him and his sisters were left to fend for themselves and grow up rather rough. My father left home at a young age to start working and become his own man. He had it rough never having his dad and living like a wild animal amongst friends and questionable people of his upbringing. My father lacked guidance and caring ; and what knowledge he did retain, was mostly from old men who were more muscle than brains. My father was a follower not a leader.Having met my mother, my father found his life partner. She would bark orders and he would listen. Very toxic couple. When they met, my father wasn't even in his teens yet. My mother, a few years older, had found someone to fill her void of a caring male.My parents began having children in the early 90s. My older brother is mom's favorite, of course, he is male. I'm the 2nd, a girl. Then two more girls. Brief pause in child bearing..My Grandma dies , and mom loses her sensitive side. My Grandfather dies, and my mom loses her mind. He was a cruel bastard and her balance beam. He died and she turned into him. She was a motherf*cker to her own sisters and to my father and his sisters. Then they had my 3rd sister.Over a couple years she became unbearable to be around. She blamed everyone and everything for her misery. During that time my parents separated and my father had a brief marriage to another women whom had children of her own. While living between homes I was sexually abused by a coworker of my fathers. That said abuser was also having an affair with my fathers new wife. (That relationship crumbled on its own account.) I tried to tell my mother of what happened and she refused to listen to me. I cried an tried to explain what happened and she wouldn't listen to 8 year old me. She wouldn't listened to me then so I figured why should I listen to her? I began my “Idgaf” streak and decided it was time l kept EVERYTHING to myself. Her not caring made me distant and resentful.My parents got back together after a year and had my little brother.They tried to patch up things but it was rocky.She made everyone around her miserable and had everyone walking on eggshells including her own immediate family. My father has dealt with a lot of her crap. She wanted everyone to be miserable like she was. She would manipulate us kids and start fights between us for her own entertainment. She got a kick out off seeing us fight. It was her twisted way of feeling in control.We were homeless for years, in an out of shelters, living in hotels and even living in cars. My father would listen to her crazy ideas and end up nowhere and penniless. My mother always wanted to be in control and have power over everything, to the point where it was hard for my dad to keep jobs. We struggled a lot. Living like crazy people, always moving and changing schools.(Side story)- (We lived in a small hotel room for 5 years during this time) My mom had a shotgun her dad left her when he died. Us kids were left unattended for hours in the hotel room with the gun under the mattress. Us kids were prank calling other rooms at the hotel being dumb and a guest reported us to the front desk. The police were called and showed up to our room and demaned us to open the door. They raided the room and found the gun. (Parents were gone looking at a place for us to live) The gun was unregistered and in the presence of underage & unsupervised children. Cps got involved and the gun was confiscated. I was blamed for the entire incident because I was left “incharge”. (To this day she won't let me live that down) For my punishment I was beat with a phone and whipped (with a thick leather belt) repeatedly in front of my siblings. I was outcast and became the black sheep and the worst level of the family. I received meals last and often ate alone. She became cold with me. No hugs, or I love yous, no consideration , no praise or acknowledgment, I became a ghost to her.(Back to main story)Then it happen I turned 13 and got my period. I needed my mom more than anything. I was scared and I was the first of us to get my period. I didn't know anything about it or why I was having it. I was scared. Before I enlisted the help of my sister to help me tell mom something was wrong, I used almost an entire roll of toilet paper to try to stop the bleeding. She found the used toilet paper in the bathroom trash and got mad, she thought someone was “playing with it”. Mind you we didn't pay for it, the hotel did. I fessed up to it cause I didn't want her to whip anyone. She loved using that belt and we were scared. She explained briefly what was happening and I was relieved. I learned more about it at school talking to the nurses. Her help was brief, she wouldn't answer my questions and suggested I “go play”We moved into a small trailer after and changed schools again. This time I was having my period which meant I could possibly get pregnant and she was scared. She manipulated my sister(9months younger) into keeping tabs on me thru out school. I'll call her “the parrot”. I had no interest in boys. I couldn't go to slumber parties, b'day parties or school dances. Everyone I tried to befriend was assessed by my sister and reported back to our mother. She would judge everyone about everything and called them trash an said I didn't need friends. My sister made me out to be way worse then what I actually was. I like to talk and be friendly, just like every other kid. I was shamed for talking to other girls because “they are sluts” and my mother feared that I would get knocked up. Meanwhile , “the parrot” was hanging out with some of the most hypocritical groups of all. A pregnant girl, the school “dealer”, a wanna-be-hood-rapper idiot and a whorey wanna-be-goody-two-shoes girl who was an illegal immigrant who never wore underwear. Face palm, but my friends “were worse”. So between dealing with my mom and her accusing me of pregnancy nonsense; I was dealing with my sister being a hypocrite and a liar. So rather than hang out with people and get criticized and get the 3rd degree I hung out by myself a lot, hence I had no friends it was easier to be alone than it was to go through their crap. And it wasn't just a weekly report it was nightly, I was being grilled every night and every day for crap that my sister would come up with. My sister would fabricate details about somebody she didn't like and make it seem like I was trying to be that person times 10. I got sick of hearing how worthless I already was and that my friends were trash so I just gave up trying to communicate with other people; I didn't care for people after certain point. I would eat lunch by myself in Clearview of my sister so she could tell my mom that I was alone and that I wasn't with anybody. It was a nightmare. If my sister didn't see me during lunch she would automatically assume that I was with a guy hiding somewhere or I was doing drugs and my sister would call my mom on her phone and I would get in trouble later that night, sometimes not even knowing what my sister had told my mom. I would get in trouble and be completely clueless as to what was being charged against me. Needless to say I developed a grudge for my sister as well, we didn't like each other very much anyway. So it was easy for her to be “the parrot” for our mother.Transitioning from middle school to high school. My mother convinced a school counselor that my sister “had to go with me” into the next grade. So she could hover over me like a drone reporting every detail. My sister was only in 7th, she had to jump straight to 9th. The power of manipulation is real. I only made it to my sophomore year then dropped out. The stress of school and home was so heavy. I was talking to many counselors when I was still going to school. I wanted to die.(Side note 2) in order to get close to my mom we would drink. It started with a couple beers and then it turned into 30 packs and big bottles. Even on school nights. I was able to get close to her when we drank. Mom loved me when we were piss drunk. Totally different person when she was sober. I got to see a side of my mother that I don't think anybody else got to see, she was two different people. She had told me secrets that she had that I don't think my father even heard. That's how I bonded my mother, we were drinking buddies, not mother and daughter.(Back to main story)I was 16 , my mom threw me out of the house. I had no friends and no where to go. I got raped by someone I thought was trying to help me. I went back home. Stayed for 6 months and got thrown out for “not having a job” this time I ended up hitchhiking to another county to stay with a cousin. He called my mom and my parents went to pick me up. I was back on the street the same night. That night I was picked up by a couple who seemed decent. I ate slept and showered the next morning. Coming out of the shower I find myself being bumrushed and attacked. The husband raped me while the wife was on her way to work. I ran out of there. I met a guy (17) who moved me into his house with his family. His mom loved me. I was accepted into their home. I felt loved and had my 1st boyfriend. I was happy. I was with him for 2 years. His mom had a dirty secret she hid from him. She smoked meth. She introduced me to my 1st true love.I began experimenting with other drugs. I was 19 an hooked. I left their home and moved in with my drug dealer. I began working in a strip club and went to jail. I was scared I was going to die if I didn't get help. I was losing my way. I checked into a rehab and got clean after 3years of dope. I tried to contact my family and I was invited over for dinner. I missed everyone terribly and I went running. I was working then. My mom heard I had a job and seen an opportunity to score some “guilt money”… she invited me to stay with them and stupidly I agreed. I wanted nothing more than to be home. I was saving money while living at the rehab for my own place and I had already been buying small stuff like blankets and an air mattress. After a week I had to quit my job because I couldn't get there and I would have to take 4 buses to get there 1 way. I quit and guess what…She threw me out and called me a freeloader and I lost my place at the rehab and lost my transitional housing option. I was homeless ..Again. This time I had a sober friend I stayed with. She had a small apartment and just got her kids back. Out the door I went. I blew thru my savings ($400) on a hotel room ,bus money , food ,rags, new shoes , smokes and helping my friend. I was out of hope and options. I called my dad, he couldn't help me even if he wanted to too. He was “banned”from speaking to me.( Moms rule)I had $45 and remembered I a very reliable drug dealer. He had a big 3 bedroom house in another town and he had a car. It was on. 1 phone call and I was set. I figured “fuck it”. Spent another year and a half tweaking . Tweaking led to another rape and that one was reported. Nothing happened to him. He got off cause I failed the drug screen and I got charged with prostitution. It was rape. Sometime after that I met my 1st husband. He had money, lots of money. I traded the drugs for alcohol and we got married. He had a kid whom I babysat , while high. He cheated, quick divorce and I got a car out of it. I was a mess… again, but now I had wheels. I quit the dope cold turkey and found a place to work. I sold vacuum cleaners, it was crap that didn't pay. I moved into a studio with a friend and I got throw out again cause I wouldn't fuck him. He was greedy a sexist prick. I lived in my car for couple months. Met someone sober and decent. It was a quick attraction and I didn't need my car anymore.While thinking of my sisters, I ran into my dad at a store and got his# and left; I was busy. I missed them more than anything you could ever imagine. It had been years since I spoke to any of them. I never said bye either. I called and talked about the car with my little sister. We met a couple times and caught up. My sister didn't have a license yet to register the car so we wanted to wait. Guess what… my mom comes and sticks her foot in our deal. She guilt trip me into putting HER name on the title with mine so “it will be covered on their insurance”.I didn't want to do it but I had limited choices. I wanted my sister to have it for work and the registration was almost up. First week its in her name she lets my infamous druggy brother(her fav) and his friends joy ride it and stink it up and treat it like a free party wagon. Oh hell no! I'm pissed. Then a week later mom asks me to take a title loan out on it to pay for their trip to rescue someone 4 states away. Face palm, now she has my sister telling me too. Meanwhile I feel like shit cause my sister got pushed out of our deal with the car. So I signed for the loan an kept my anger to myself. I was mad, but I was praying the entire time that she would pay it off and that my sister would hurry up and get her license. Couple weeks go by and nothing is paid on the loan, I'm worried. I tell my nd I messed up and I'm worried about the damn car. I wanted to make a payment to keep the interest low on the loan. It was in my name , it was on my credit. I wasn't risking anything. At the same time I didn't want to make a partial payment and have them pay the rest and try to talk about shit how I owe them or something ridiculous. So, We paid it off. I found out that it was my pregnant immature wild sister who they went to pick up. Mom was planning on giving her the car, even tho i promised my youngest sister the car. The whole deal got messed up and now my youngest sister hates me cause she thinks I was in on it the whole time. I asked my mom to sign the car back over to me so I could give it to my youngest sister. She refuses, I had to threaten her that my bf would sue her is she didn't. She signed it over and called me an “entitled cunt”. She had my dad deliver it to me. She didn't even have the respect to face me. She turned my sisters against me and now none of them will speak to me. There is no limit to my mothers manipulation. She is a very toxic woman! ….Lastly…She hovered over me for all those years hawking me calling me names and making sure I'm not” pregnant and freeloading off her”,. All of my sisters have kids and their boyfriends living with my parents freeloading. And I'm out here living my life. Sober and decent. I actually found out I'm infertile. So haha.I don't ever plan to speak to my mother ever again. When she dies I will not be there.Thank you for your time and reading my take on this question.

t’s been a busy week for Clearview AI, the controversial facial recognition company that uses 3 billion photos scraped from the web to power a search engine for faces. On April 6, Buzzfeed News published a database of over 1,800 entities—including state and local police and other taxpayer-funded agencies such as health-care systems and public schools—that it says have used the company’s controversial products. Many of those agencies replied to the accusations by saying they had only trialed the technology and had no formal contract with the company.But the day before, the definition of a “trial” with Clearview was detailed when nonprofit news site Muckrock released emails between the New York Police Department and the company. The documents, obtained through freedom of information requests by the Legal Aid Society and journalist Rachel Richards, track a friendly two-year relationship between the department and the tech company during which time NYPD tested the technology many times, and used facial recognition in live investigations.Related StoryThere is a crisis of face recognition and policing in the USWhen news broke that a mistaken match from a face recognition system had led Detroit police to arrest Robert Williams for a crime he didn’t commit, it was late June, and the country was already in upheaval over the death of George Floyd a month earlier. Soon after, it emerged that yet another Black man,…https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/08/14/1006904/there-is-a-crisis-of-face-recognition-and-policing-in-the-us/The deeply flawed technology is in wide use, largely out of the public eyeThe NYPD has previously downplayed its relationship with Clearview AI and its use of the company’s technology. But the emails show that the relationship between them was well developed, with a large number of police officers conducting a high volume of searches with the app and using them in real investigations. The NYPD has run over 5,100 searches with Clearview AI.This is particularly problematic because stated policies limit the NYPD from creating an unsupervised repository of photos that facial recognition systems can reference, and restrict the use of facial recognition technology to a specific team. Both policies seem to have been circumvented with Clearview AI. The emails reveal that the NYPD gave many officers outside the facial recognition team access to the system, which relies on a huge library of public photos from social media. The emails also show how NYPD officers downloaded the app onto their personal devices, in contravention of stated policy, and used the powerful and biased technology in a casual fashion.Clearview AI runs a powerful neural network that processes photographs of faces and compares their precise measurement and symmetry with a massive database of pictures to suggest possible matches. It’s unclear just how accurate the technology is, but it’s widely used by police departments and other government agencies. Clearview AI has been heavily criticized for its use of personally identifiable information, its decision to violate people’s privacy by scraping photographs from the internet without their permission, and its choice of clientele.The emails span a period from October 2018 through February 2020, beginning when Clearview AI CEO Hoan Ton-That was introduced to NYPD deputy inspector Chris Flanagan. After initial meetings, Clearview AI entered into a vendor contract with NYPD in December 2018 on a trial basis that lasted until the following March.The documents show that many individuals at NYPD had access to Clearview during and after this time, from department leadership to junior officers. Throughout the exchanges, Clearview AI encouraged more use of its services. (“See if you can reach 100 searches,” its onboarding instructions urged officers.) The emails show that trial accounts for the NYPD were created as late as February 2020, almost a year after the trial period was said to have ended.We reviewed the emails, and talked to top surveillance and legal experts about their contents. Here’s what you need to know.NYPD lied about the extent of its relationship with Clearview AI and the use of its facial recognition technologyThe NYPD told BuzzFeed News and the New York Post previously that it had “no institutional relationship” with Clearview AI, “formally or informally.” The department did disclose that it had trialed Clearview AI, but the emails show that the technology was used over a sustained time period by a large number of people who completed a high volume of searches in real investigations.In one exchange, a detective working in the department’s facial recognition unit said, “App is working great.” In another, an officer on the NYPD’s identity theft squad said that “we continue to receive positive results” and have “gone on to make arrests.” (We have removed full names and email addresses from these images; other personal details were redacted in the original documents.)Albert Fox Cahn, executive director at the Surveillance Technology Oversight Project, a nonprofit that advocates for the abolition of police use of facial recognition technology in New York City, says the records clearly contradict NYPD’s previous public statements on its use of Clearview AI.“Here we have a pattern of officers getting Clearview accounts—not for weeks or months, but over the course of years,” he says. “We have evidence of meetings with officials at the highest level of the NYPD, including the facial identification section. This isn’t a few officers who decide to go off and get a trial account. This was a systematic adoption of Clearview’s facial recognition technology to target New Yorkers.”Further, NYPD’s description of its facial recognition use, which is required under a recently passed law, says that “investigators compare probe images obtained during investigations with a controlled and limited group of photographs already within possession of the NYPD.” Clearview AI is known for its database of over 3 billion photos scraped from the web.NYPD is working closely with immigration enforcement, and officers referred Clearview AI to ICEThe documents contain multiple emails from the NYPD that appear to be referrals to aid Clearview in selling its technology to the Department of Homeland Security. Two police officers had both NYPD and Homeland Security affiliations in their email signature, while another officer identified as a member of a Homeland Security task force.“There just seems to be so much communication, maybe data sharing, and so much unregulated use of technology.”New York is designated as a sanctuary city, meaning that local law enforcement limits its cooperation with federal immigration agencies. In fact, NYPD’s facial recognition policy statement says that “information is not shared in furtherance of immigration enforcement” and “access will not be given to other agencies for purposes of furthering immigration enforcement.”“I think one of the big takeaways is just how lawless and unregulated the interactions and surveillance and data sharing landscape is between local police, federal law enforcement, immigration enforcement,” says Matthew Guariglia, an analyst at the Electronic Frontier Foundation. “There just seems to be so much communication, maybe data sharing, and so much unregulated use of technology.”Cahn says the emails immediately ring alarm bells, particularly since a great deal of law enforcement information funnels through central systems known as fusion centers.“You can claim you’re a sanctuary city all you want, but as long as you continue to have these DHS task forces, as long as you continue to have information fusion centers that allow real-time data exchange with DHS, you’re making that promise into a lie.”Many officers asked to use Clearview AI on their personal devices or through their personal email accountsAt least four officers asked for access to Clearview’s app on their personal devices or through personal emails. Department devices are closely regulated, and it can be difficult to download applications to official NYPD mobile phones. Some officers clearly opted to use their personal devices when department phones were too restrictive.Clearview replied to this email, “Hi William, you should have a setup email in your inbox shortly.”Jonathan McCoy is a digital forensics attorney at Legal Aid Society and took part in filing the freedom of information request. He found the use of personal devices particularly troublesome: “My takeaway is that they were actively trying to circumvent NYPD policies and procedures that state that if you’re going to be using facial recognition technology, you have to go through FIS (facial identification section) and they have to use the technology that’s already been approved by the NYPD wholesale.” NYPD does already have a facial recognition system, provided by a company called Dataworks.Related StoryThe activist dismantling racist police algorithmsHamid Khan has been a community organizer in Los Angeles for over 35 years, with a consistent focus on police violence and human rights. He talked to us on April 3, 2020, for a forthcoming podcast episode about artificial intelligence and policing. As the world turns its attention to police brutality and institutional racism, we…https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/06/05/1002709/the-activist-dismantling-racist-police-algorithms/Hamid Khan is winning his fight for the abolition of surveillance technology used by the LAPDGuariglia says it points to an attitude of carelessness by both the NYPD and Clearview AI. “I would be horrified to learn that police officers were using Clearview on their personal devices to identify people that then contributed to arrests or official NYPD investigations,” he says.The concerns these emails raise are not just theoretical: they could allow the police to be challenged in court, and even have cases overturned because of failure to adhere to procedure. McCoy says the Legal Aid Society plans to use the evidence from the emails to defend clients who have been arrested as the result of an investigation that used facial recognition.“We would hopefully have a basis to go into court and say that whatever conviction was obtained through the use of the software was done in a way that was not commensurate with NYPD policies and procedures,” he says. “Since Clearview is an untested and unreliable technology, we could argue that the use of such a technology prejudiced our client's rights.”Article metaShareLog into Facebook | FacebookLog into Facebook to start sharing and connecting with your friends, family, and people you know.https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php/?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.technologyreview.com%2F2021%2F04%2F09%2F1022240%2Fclearview-ai-nypd-emails%2FShare a link on TwitterNew to Twitter? Sign up Get instant updates from your friends, industry experts, favorite celebrities, and what's happening around the world. What is Twitter? 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On April 6, Buzzfeed News published a database of over 1,800 entities—including state and local police and other taxpayer-funded agencies such as health-care systems and public…https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/04/09/1022240/clearview-ai-nypd-emails/TaggedArtificial Intelligencehttps://www.technologyreview.com/tag/artificial-intelligence/MIT Technology Reviewhttps://www.technologyreview.com/tag/face-recognition/MIT Technology Reviewhttps://www.technologyreview.com/tag/tech-policy/AuthorMIT Technology ReviewOur team Tate Ryan-Mosley Reporter, data and audio I am a data and audio reporter for MIT Technology Review with a focus on the social impact of new technologies. I try to tell stories that live in the gaps – stories about data gaps, who’s left out and why. Before I was a reporter for Tech Review, I was a researcher here working on special newsroom projects. Prior to journalism, I was a consultant on emerging tech strategy for big companies, with a focus on the finance industry. 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America’s first confirmed wrongful arrest by facial recognition technology happened in January 2020. Robert Williams, a Black man, was arrested in his driveway just outside Detroit, with his wife and young daughter watching. He spent the night in jail. The next day in the questioning room, a detective slid a picture across the table to Williams of a different Black man who had been caught on video stealing watches from the boutique Shinola.“Is this you?” he asked.“No, that’s not me.” Williams replied.The detective passed over another picture. “I guess this is not you either?”Williams held the picture next to his face. It clearly wasn’t him. Williams said, “This is not me. I hope you don’t think all Black people look alike.”“The computer says it’s you,” replied the detective.The novel thing about the arrest of Robert Williams was not that it occurred, or that it was a mistake. Facial recognition is known to be less accurate for darker-skinned people. And the technology is widely used by police departments in the United States, although there isn’t good data on how pervasive it is. The unusual part of Williams’s story is that police admitted to using facial recognition in his arrest.The news of the case went public in early August, and—after a summer of protest focused on the way Black communities are policed in America—it was met with nationwide outrage. A couple of weeks later, another wrongful arrest of a Black man in Detroit because of facial recognition technology came to light.Even before this, activists had been demanding an end to Project Greenlight, the citywide public-private initiative that uses facial recognition in an effort to reduce crime. And yet not only is the project still running: at the end of September, the city council voted to extend the contract between the Detroit Police Department and its facial recognition provider, DataWorks Plus.A year of contradictionsThe events in Detroit exemplify our complicated relationship with facial recognition right now. Its use is growing, and in some fields the technology has become integral. In others, such as retail, facial recognition is starting to be rolled out with high hopes for the future. Many technology providers are betting that the public will get increasingly comfortable with the use of biometrics, and soon it will be an organic part of digital life: Apple has bet heavily on it, and now millions of people use its Face ID system to unlock their iPhones every day.But the public also has a new consciousness of the dangers facial recognition poses, especially in criminal justice. There’s significantly more awareness, more concern, and more conversation now than ever before, and this year has seen more legislation on facial recognition than all previous years combined. There were bans or moratoria in six cities across the US in 2019, and the same again this year.Reconciling these laws with the growth of the industry will be hard. But the events of 2020 give some clues as to how these compromises might play out over the coming year.Small players, big industryIn January, the New York Times published an investigation of ClearviewAI, a small facial recognition company that ran its algorithm on a database of billions of pictures grabbed from social media. Police departments using ClearviewAI’s system were effectively accessing your Facebook photos to match often blurry or incomplete police images during investigations.The company was heavily criticized, and subsequent reporting by BuzzFeed News showed that the system was being used by as many as 2,200 law enforcement agencies in the US, as well as by Immigration and Customs Enforcement, the Department of Justice, and retailers including Macy’s and Walmart.The Clearview story really freaked a lot of people out—as it should,” says Jameson Spivack, a policy associate at Georgetown University’s Center on Privacy and Technology. Many of the concerns focus on how fragmented the field is. While major companies like IBM and Microsoft are significant forces, there are also lots of smaller private companies, like ClearviewAI and NtechLab, that operate with little public oversight. The reporting also exposed how little the public knew about the widespread government use of the technology.The catalyst: Race protestsThese stories raised awareness of the problems, but Spivack says the Black Lives Matter protests following the murder of George Floyd were the “single biggest catalyst” for legislation restricting use of facial recognition in the United States. Americans suddenly started reexamining policing and its tools, policies, and culture.Concern had begun growing after researchers Joy Buolamwini and Timnit Gebru discovered and documented racial bias in commercial facial recognition products in 2018, leading several cities and states to pass laws that prevented the police from using facial recognition in concert with body cameras.But during the largest protest movement in American history, activists were worried that police surveillance technologies would be used for retaliation. It has since been confirmed that at least the New York, Miami, and Washington, DC, police departments did use facial recognition to surveil protesters.On June 1 in Washington, DC, police used pepper balls and tear gas to push back protesters in Lafayette Square so that President Trump could score a photo opportunity at a nearby church. Amid the chaos, a protester punched a police officer. Days later, officers found a picture of the man on Twitter and ran it through their facial recognition system, got a match, and made an arrest. Similarly in Miami, a woman accused of throwing rocks at police during a protest was arrested on the basis of a facial recognition match.Spivack saw grassroots activists against facial recognition work closely with police reform groups throughout the summer and fall, led by other advocacy groups like the American Civil Liberties Union. In Portland, Oregon, one protester even created a facial recognition system to identify anonymous police officers.As 2020 went on, legislation to limit police use of such technology was proposed at the municipal, state, and even federal levels. In June, Democratic lawmakers introduced a bill that would ban the use of facial recognition by federal law enforcement. In Vermont, an executive order from the governor created a statewide ban on government use of the technology. In Massachusetts, the cities of Cambridge and Boston passed bans on the technology this summer, and the state government approved a ban of facial recognition for public agencies, which includes law enforcement, in December; Governor Charlie Baker is currently refusing to sign the bill.California started its own debate on statewide legislation in May, and the cities of San Francisco and Oakland already have banned use of facial recognition by law enforcement. In July, New York City instituted a moratorium on face recognition in schools until 2022. In Portland, Oregon, a new citywide ban forbids the use of the technology by any public or private group.But this shift is not happening everywhere, as the recommitment to surveillance in Detroit shows. Spivack speculates that racial power dynamics might be influencing the political fight around police surveillance. “If you look at a lot of the cities that were some of the first to ban face recognition, they were typically—not always, but typically—wealthier, whiter, very progressive, maybe with more political capital and ability to impact lawmakers, more so than more marginalized communities,” he says.A national prospect?Not all the reaction has taken the form of legislation, however. In early June, IBM announced that it had stopped selling any of its facial recognition products. Amazon and Microsoft followed suit by temporarily discontinuing their contracts with police departments. And in July, the ACLU filed a lawsuit against ClearviewAI for failing to comply with the Illinois Biometric Information Privacy Act—the first full legal challenge to the company.Microsoft, Amazon, IBM, and industry groups like the Security Industry Association are preparing for a fight. They dramatically increased the amount of lobbying on facial recognition from 2018 to 2019, and it’s expected that 2020 will show an even greater increase. Many are in favor of increased regulation, but not bans. Amazon’s moratorium will end in June, and Microsoft’s is contingent on the institution of a federal law.Meanwhile, the ACLU continues to draft legislation that seeks to ban the technology. A statement on its website reads that the organization “is taking to the courts, streets, legislatures, city councils, and even corporate boardrooms to defend our rights against the growing dangers of this unregulated surveillance technology.”The priorities of the new administration will also shape regulation in 2021 and beyond. As a presidential candidate, Kamala Harris cited regulation of facial recognition in law enforcement as part of her police reform plan. If the administration does push for federal legislation, it's more likely to become a national issue, with the result that fewer resources will be directed to more local oversight campaigns. But if not, the fight will likely continue to play out on the state and city level.