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These Terms of Use (“Terms”) govern the access or use by you, an individual, of applications, websites, content, products, and services (the “Services”) made available by Uber India Systems Private Limited (“Uber”) a private limited liability company established in India , having its registered office at Regus Business Platinum Centre Pvt. Ltd., Level 13, Platinum Techno Park, Plot No.17/18, Sec-30A, Vashi, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra-400705 along with office in other states with Corporate Identification Number U74120MH2013FTC247008 . PLEASE READ THESE TERMS CAREFULLY BEFORE ACCESSING OR USING THE SERVICES. Your access and use of the Services constitutes your agreement to be bound by these Terms, which establishes a contractual relationship between you and Uber. If you do not agree to these Terms, you may not access or use the Services. These Terms expressly supersede prior agreements or arrangements with you. Uber may immediately terminate these Terms or any Services with respect to you, or generally cease offering or deny access to the Services or any portion thereof, at any time for any reason. Supplemental terms may apply to certain Services, such as policies for a particular event, activity or promotion, and such supplemental terms will be disclosed to you in connection with the applicable Services. Supplemental terms are in addition to, and shall be deemed a part of, the Terms for the purposes of the applicable Services. Supplemental terms shall prevail over these Terms in the event of a conflict with respect to the applicable Services. Uber may amend the Terms related to the Services from time to time. Amendments will be effective upon Uber’s posting of such updated Terms at this location or the amended policies or supplemental terms on the applicable Service. Your continued access or use of the Services after such posting constitutes your consent to be bound by the Terms, as amended. Our collection and use of personal information in connection with the Services is as provided in Uber’s Privacy Policy located at Legal | Uber. Uber may provide to a claims processor or an insurer any necessary information (including your contact information) if there is a complaint, dispute or conflict, which may include an accident, involving you and a Third Party Provider (including a transportation network company driver) and such information or data is necessary to resolve the complaint, dispute or conflict.2. THE SERVICESThe Services constitute a technology platform that enables users of Uber’s mobile applications or websites provided as part of the Services (each, an “Application”) to arrange and schedule transportation and/or logistics services with independent third party providers of such services, including independent third party transportation providers and independent third party logistics providers under agreement with Uber or certain of Uber’s affiliates (“Third Party Providers”). Unless otherwise agreed by Uber in a separate written agreement with you, the Services are made available solely for your personal, noncommercial use. YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THAT UBER DOES NOT PROVIDE TRANSPORTATION OR LOGISTICS SERVICES OR FUNCTION AS A TRANSPORTATION CARRIER AND THAT ALL SUCH TRANSPORTATION OR LOGISTICS SERVICES ARE PROVIDED BY INDEPENDENT THIRD PARTY CONTRACTORS WHO ARE NOT EMPLOYED BY UBER OR ANY OF ITS AFFILIATES.LICENSE.Subject to your compliance with these Terms, Uber grants you a limited, non-exclusive, non-sublicensable, revocable, non-transferable license to: (i) access and use the Applications on your personal device solely in connection with your use of the Services; and (ii) access and use any content, information and related materials that may be made available through the Services, in each case solely for your personal, noncommercial use. Any rights not expressly granted herein are reserved by Uber and Uber’s licensors.RESTRICTIONS.You may not: (i) remove any copyright, trademark or other proprietary notices from any portion of the Services; (ii) reproduce, modify, prepare derivative works based upon, distribute, license, lease, sell, resell, transfer, publicly display, publicly perform, transmit, stream, broadcast or otherwise exploit the Services except as expressly permitted by Uber; (iii) decompile, reverse engineer or disassemble the Services except as may be permitted by applicable law; (iv) link to, mirror or frame any portion of the Services; (v) cause or launch any programs or scripts for the purpose of scraping, indexing, surveying, or otherwise data mining any portion of the Services or unduly burdening or hindering the operation and/or functionality of any aspect of the Services; or (vi) attempt to gain unauthorized access to or impair any aspect of the Services or its related systems or networks.PROVISION OF THE SERVICES.You acknowledge that portions of the Services may be made available under Uber’s various brands or request options associated with transportation or logistics, including the transportation request brands currently referred to as “Uber,” “UberGo”, “UberPremier”, “UberAuto”, “UberHire”, “UberMoto”, “uberPOP,” “uberX,” “uberXL,” “UberBLACK,” “UberSUV,” “UberBERLINE,” “UberVAN,” “UberEXEC,” and “UberLUX” and the logistics request brands currently referred to as “UberRUSH,” “UberFRESH” and “UberEATS”. You also acknowledge that the Services may be made available under such brands or request options by or in connection with: (i) certain of Uber’s subsidiaries and affiliates; or (ii) independent Third Party Providers, including transportation network company drivers, transportation charter permit holders or holders of similar transportation permits, authorizations or licenses.THIRD PARTY SERVICES AND CONTENT.The Services may be made available or accessed in connection with third party services and content (including advertising) that Uber does not control. You acknowledge that different terms of use and privacy policies may apply to your use of such third party services and content. Uber does not endorse such third party services and content and in no event shall Uber be responsible or liable for any products or services of such third party providers. Additionally, Apple Inc., Google, Inc., Microsoft Corporation or BlackBerry Limited and/or their applicable international subsidiaries and affiliates will be third-party beneficiaries to this contract if you access the Services using Applications developed for Apple iOS, Android, Microsoft Windows, or Blackberry-powered mobile devices, respectively. These third party beneficiaries are not parties to this contract and are not responsible for the provision or support of the Services in any manner. Your access to the Services using these devices is subject to terms set forth in the applicable third party beneficiary’s terms of service. OWNERSHIP. The Services and all rights therein are and shall remain Uber’s property or the property of Uber’s licensors. Neither these Terms nor your use of the Services convey or grant to you any rights: (i) in or related to the Services except for the limited license granted above; or (ii) to use or reference in any manner Uber’s company names, logos, product and service names, trademarks or services marks or those of Uber’s licensors.3. YOUR USE OF THE SERVICESUSER ACCOUNTS.In order to use most aspects of the Services, you must register for and maintain an active personal user Services account (“Account”). You must be at least 18 years of age, or the age of legal majority in your jurisdiction (if different than 18), to obtain an Account. Account registration requires you to submit to Uber certain personal information, such as your name, address, mobile phone number and age, as well as at least one valid payment method (either a credit card or accepted payment partner). You agree to maintain accurate, complete, and up-to-date information in your Account. Your failure to maintain accurate, complete, and up-to-date Account information, including having an invalid or expired payment method on file, may result in your inability to access and use the Services or Uber’s termination of these Terms with you. You are responsible for all activity that occurs under your Account, and you agree to maintain the security and secrecy of your Account username and password at all times. Unless otherwise permitted by Uber in writing, you may only possess one Account.USER REQUIREMENTS AND CONDUCT.The Service is not available for use by persons under the age of 18. You may not authorize third parties to use your Account, and you may not allow persons under the age of 18 to receive transportation or logistics services from Third Party Providers unless they are accompanied by you. You may not assign or otherwise transfer your Account to any other person or entity. You agree to comply with all applicable laws when using the Services, and you may only use the Services for lawful purposes (e.g., no transport of unlawful or hazardous materials). You will not, in your use of the Services, cause nuisance, annoyance, inconvenience, or property damage, whether to the Third Party Provider or any other party. In certain instances you may be asked to provide proof of identity to access or use the Services, and you agree that you may be denied access to or use of the Services if you refuse to provide proof of identity.TEXT MESSAGING.By creating an Account, you agree that the Services may send you informational text (SMS) messages as part of the normal business operation of your use of the Services. You may opt-out of receiving text (SMS) messages from Uber at any time by sending an email to [email protected] indicating that you no longer wish to receive such messages, along with the phone number of the mobile device receiving the messages. You acknowledge that opting out of receiving text (SMS) messages may impact your use of the Services.PROMOTIONAL CODES.Uber may, in Uber’s sole discretion, create promotional codes that may be redeemed for Account credit, or other features or benefits related to the Services and/or a Third Party Provider’s services, subject to any additional terms that Uber establishes on a per promotional code basis (“Promo Codes”). You agree that Promo Codes: (i) must be used for the intended audience and purpose, and in a lawful manner; (ii) may not be duplicated, sold or transferred in any manner, or made available to the general public (whether posted to a public form or otherwise), unless expressly permitted by Uber; (iii) may be disabled by Uber at any time for any reason without liability to Uber; (iv) may only be used pursuant to the specific terms that Uber establishes for such Promo Code; (v) are not valid for cash; and (vi) may expire prior to your use. Uber reserves the right to withhold or deduct credits or other features or benefits obtained through the use of Promo Codes by you or any other user in the event that Uber determines or believes that the use or redemption of the Promo Code was in error, fraudulent, illegal, or in violation of the applicable Promo Code terms or these Terms.USER PROVIDED CONTENT.Uber may, in Uber’s sole discretion, permit you from time to time to submit, upload, publish or otherwise make available to Uber through the Services textual, audio, and/or visual content and information, including commentary and feedback related to the Services, initiation of support requests, and submission of entries for competitions and promotions (“User Content”). Any User Content provided by you remains your property. However, by providing User Content to Uber, you grant Uber a worldwide, perpetual, irrevocable, transferrable, royalty-free license, with the right to sublicense, to use, copy, modify, create derivative works of, distribute, publicly display, publicly perform, and otherwise exploit in any manner such User Content in all formats and distribution channels now known or hereafter devised (including in connection with the Services and Uber’s business and on third-party sites and services), without further notice to or consent from you, and without the requirement of payment to you or any other person or entity. You represent and warrant that: (i) you either are the sole and exclusive owner of all User Content or you have all rights, licenses, consents and releases necessary to grant Uber the license to the User Content as set forth above; and (ii) neither the User Content nor your submission, uploading, publishing or otherwise making available of such User Content nor Uber’s use of the User Content as permitted herein will infringe, misappropriate or violate a third party’s intellectual property or proprietary rights, or rights of publicity or privacy, or result in the violation of any applicable law or regulation. You agree to not provide User Content that is defamatory, libelous, hateful, violent, obscene, pornographic, unlawful, or otherwise offensive, as determined by Uber in its sole discretion, whether or not such material may be protected by law. Uber may, but shall not be obligated to, review, monitor, or remove User Content, at Uber’s sole discretion and at any time and for any reason, without notice to you.NETWORK ACCESS AND DEVICES.You are responsible for obtaining the data network access necessary to use the Services. Your mobile network’s data and messaging rates and fees may apply if you access or use the Services from a wireless-enabled device and you shall be responsible for such rates and fees. You are responsible for acquiring and updating compatible hardware or devices necessary to access and use the Services and Applications and any updates thereto. Uber does not guarantee that the Services, or any portion thereof, will function on any particular hardware or devices. In addition, the Services may be subject to malfunctions and delays inherent in the use of the Internet and electronic communications.4. PAYMENTYou understand that use of the Services may result in charges to you for the services or goods you receive from a Third Party Provider (“Charges ”). After you have received services or goods obtained through your use of the Service, Uber will facilitate your payment of the applicable Charges on behalf of the Third Party Provider as such Third Party Provider’s limited payment collection agent. Payment of the Charges in such manner shall be considered the same as payment made directly by you to the Third Party Provider. Charges will be inclusive of applicable taxes where required by law. Uber reserves the right to charge you an additional amount for pickup facility provided at various places along with applicable taxes (including but not limited to GST). Charges paid by you are final and non-refundable, unless otherwise determined by Uber. You retain the right to request lower Charges from a Third Party Provider for services or goods received by you from such Third Party Provider at the time you receive such services or goods. Uber will respond accordingly to any request from a Third Party Provider to modify the Charges for a particular service or good. All Charges are due immediately and payment will be facilitated by Uber using the preferred payment method designated in your Account, after which Uber will send you a receipt by email. If your primary Account payment method is determined to be expired, invalid or otherwise not able to be charged, you agree that Uber may, as the Third Party Provider’s limited payment collection agent, use a secondary payment method in your Account, if available. As between you and Uber, Uber reserves the right to establish, remove and/or revise Charges for any or all services or goods obtained through the use of the Services at any time in Uber’s sole discretion. Further, you acknowledge and agree that Charges applicable in certain geographical areas may increase substantially during times of high demand. Uber will use reasonable efforts to inform you of Charges that may apply, provided that you will be responsible for Charges incurred under your Account regardless of your awareness of such Charges or the amounts thereof. Uber may from time to time provide certain users with promotional offers, subscriptions and discounts that may result in different amounts charged for the same or similar services or goods obtained through the use of the Services, and you agree that such promotional offers,subscriptions and discounts, unless also made available to you, shall have no bearing on your use of the Services or the Charges applied to you. You may elect to cancel your request for services or goods from a Third Party Provider at any time prior to such Third Party Provider’s arrival, in which case you may be charged a cancellation fee. This payment structure is intended to fully compensate the Third Party Provider for the services or goods provided. Except with respect to taxicab transportation services requested through the Application, Uber does not designate any portion of your payment as a tip or gratuity to the Third Party Provider. Any representation by Uber (on Uber’s website, in the Application, or in Uber’s marketing materials) to the effect that tipping is “voluntary,” “not required,” and/or “included” in the payments you make for services or goods provided is not intended to suggest that Uber provides any additional amounts, beyond those described above, to the Third Party Provider. You understand and agree that, while you are free to provide additional payment as a gratuity to any Third Party Provider who provides you with services or goods obtained through the Service, you are under no obligation to do so. Gratuities are voluntary. After you have received services or goods obtained through the Service, you will have the opportunity to rate your experience and leave additional feedback about your Third Party Provider.REPAIR OR CLEANING FEES.You shall be responsible for the cost of repair for damage to, or necessary cleaning of, Third Party Provider vehicles and property resulting from use of the Services under your Account in excess of normal “wear and tear” damages and necessary cleaning (“Repair or Cleaning”). In the event that a Third Party Provider reports the need for Repair or Cleaning, and such Repair or Cleaning request is verified by Uber in Uber’s reasonable discretion, Uber reserves the right to facilitate payment for the reasonable cost of such Repair or Cleaning on behalf of the Third Party Provider using your payment method designated in your Account. Such amounts will be transferred by Uber to the applicable Third Party Provider and are non-refundable.5. DISCLAIMERS; LIMITATION OF LIABILITY; INDEMNITY.DISCLAIMER.THE SERVICES ARE PROVIDED “AS IS” AND “AS AVAILABLE.” UBER DISCLAIMS ALL REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, NOT EXPRESSLY SET OUT IN THESE TERMS, INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN ADDITION, UBER MAKES NO REPRESENTATION, WARRANTY, OR GUARANTEE REGARDING THE RELIABILITY, TIMELINESS, QUALITY, SUITABILITY OR AVAILABILITY OF THE SERVICES OR ANY SERVICES OR GOODS REQUESTED THROUGH THE USE OF THE SERVICES, OR THAT THE SERVICES WILL BE UNINTERRUPTED OR ERROR-FREE. UBER DOES NOT GUARANTEE THE QUALITY, SUITABILITY, SAFETY OR ABILITY OF THIRD PARTY PROVIDERS. YOU AGREE THAT THE ENTIRE RISK ARISING OUT OF YOUR USE OF THE SERVICES, AND ANY SERVICE OR GOOD REQUESTED IN CONNECTION THEREWITH, REMAINS SOLELY WITH YOU, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED UNDER APPLICABLE LAW.LIMITATION OF LIABILITY.UBER SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, PUNITIVE OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING LOST PROFITS, LOST DATA, PERSONAL INJURY OR PROPERTY DAMAGE RELATED TO, IN CONNECTION WITH, OR OTHERWISE RESULTING FROM ANY USE OF THE SERVICES, EVEN IF UBER HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. UBER SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES, LIABILITY OR LOSSES ARISING OUT OF: (i) YOUR USE OF OR RELIANCE ON THE SERVICES OR YOUR INABILITY TO ACCESS OR USE THE SERVICES; OR (ii) ANY TRANSACTION OR RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN YOU AND ANY THIRD PARTY PROVIDER, EVEN IF UBER HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. UBER SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR DELAY OR FAILURE IN PERFORMANCE RESULTING FROM CAUSES BEYOND UBER’S REASONABLE CONTROL. YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THAT THIRD PARTY TRANSPORTATION PROVIDERS PROVIDING TRANSPORTATION SERVICES REQUESTED THROUGH SOME REQUEST BRANDS MAY OFFER RIDESHARING OR PEER-TO-PEER TRANSPORTATION SERVICES AND MAY NOT BE PROFESSIONALLY LICENSED OR PERMITTED. IN NO EVENT SHALL UBER’S TOTAL LIABILITY TO YOU IN CONNECTION WITH THE SERVICES FOR ALL DAMAGES, LOSSES AND CAUSES OF ACTION EXCEED FIVE HUNDRED EUROS (€500). UBER’S SERVICES MAY BE USED BY YOU TO REQUEST AND SCHEDULE TRANSPORTATION, GOODS OR LOGISTICS SERVICES WITH THIRD PARTY PROVIDERS, BUT YOU AGREE THAT UBER HAS NO RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY TO YOU RELATED TO ANY TRANSPORTATION, GOODS OR LOGISTICS SERVICES PROVIDED TO YOU BY THIRD PARTY PROVIDERS OTHER THAN AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN THESE TERMS. THE LIMITATIONS AND DISCLAIMER IN THIS SECTION 5 DO NOT PURPORT TO LIMIT LIABILITY OR ALTER YOUR RIGHTS AS A CONSUMER THAT CANNOT BE EXCLUDED UNDER APPLICABLE LAW.INDEMNITY.You agree to indemnify and hold Uber and its officers, directors, employees and agents harmless from any and all claims, demands, losses, liabilities, and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) arising out of or in connection with: (i) your use of the Services or services or goods obtained through your use of the Services; (ii) your breach or violation of any of these Terms; (iii) Uber’s use of your User Content; or (iv) your violation of the rights of any third party, including Third Party Providers.6. GOVERNING LAW; ARBITRATION.Except as otherwise set forth in these Terms, these Terms shall be exclusively governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of India. Any dispute, conflict, claim or controversy arising out of or broadly in connection with or relating to the Services or these Terms, including those relating to its validity, its construction or its enforceability (any “Dispute”) shall be first mandatorily submitted to mediation proceedings in terms of the Indian law. If such Dispute has not been settled within sixty (60) days after a request for mediation has been submitted under the Indian laws, such Dispute can be referred to and shall be exclusively and finally resolved by arbitration under the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 (“Act”). The Dispute shall be resolved by one (1) arbitrator to be appointed in accordance with the Act. The place of both mediation and arbitration shall be India. The language of the mediation and/or arbitration shall be English, unless you do not speak English, in which case the mediation and/or arbitration shall be conducted in both English and your native language. The existence and content of the mediation and arbitration proceedings, including documents and briefs submitted by the parties, any correspondence correspondence from the mediator, and correspondence, orders and awards issued by the sole arbitrator, shall remain strictly confidential and shall not be disclosed to any third party without the express written consent from the other party unless: (i) the disclosure to the third party is reasonably required in the context of conducting the mediation or arbitration proceedings; and (ii) the third party agrees unconditionally in writing to be bound by the confidentiality obligation stipulated herein.7. OTHER PROVISIONSCLAIMS OF COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT.Claims of copyright infringement should be sent to Uber’s designated agent. Please visit Uber’s web page at Legal | Uber for the designated address and additional information. NOTICE. Uber may give notice by means of a general notice on the Services, electronic mail to your email address in your Account, or by written communication sent to your address as set forth in your Account. You may give notice to Uber by written communication to Uber's address as mentioned above GENERAL. You may not assign or transfer these Terms in whole or in part without Uber’s prior written approval. You give your approval to Uber for it to assign or transfer these Terms in whole or in part, including to: (i) a subsidiary or affiliate; (ii) an acquirer of Uber’s equity, business or assets; or (iii) a successor by merger. No joint venture, partnership, employment or agency relationship exists between you, Uber or any Third Party Provider as a result of the contract between you and Uber or use of the Services. If any provision of these Terms is held to be illegal, invalid or unenforceable, in whole or in part, under any law, such provision or part thereof shall to that extent be deemed not to form part of these Terms but the legality, validity and enforceability of the other provisions in these Terms shall not be affected. In that event, the parties shall replace the illegal, invalid or unenforceable provision or part thereof with a provision or part thereof that is legal, valid and enforceable and that has, to the greatest extent possible, a similar effect as the illegal, invalid or unenforceable provision or part thereof, given the contents and purpose of these Terms. These Terms constitute the entire agreement and understanding of the parties with respect to its subject matter and replaces and supersedes all prior or contemporaneous agreements or undertakings regarding such subject matter. In these Terms, the words “including” and “include” mean “including, but not limited to.”UBER GUIDELINES FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT AUTHORITIESThe following guidelines are intended to inform law enforcement about the legal process for seeking records from Uber. These are merely guidelines, and this information may change at any time. For private party requests, including requests from civil litigants and criminal defendants, we recommend browsing Guidelines for Third Party Data Requests.WHAT IS UBER AND WHAT RECORDS DO WE HAVE?Uber is a technology company that has developed an app that connects users (riders) with driver partners who provide transportation to the user. Uber is not a transportation carrier, and does not employ any drivers. Users can use the Uber App to request transportation via their smartphone, the web, or via SMS. Uber users can choose from a variety of drivers available in his or her location. At the end of the ride, both the driver partner and user receive a copy of the fare receipt. More information about our services is available here. We store and maintain information as described in our Privacy Statements and our Terms of Use.WHAT TYPE OF LEGAL PROCESS DOES UBER REQUIRE BEFORE PRODUCING USER OR PARTNER INFORMATION?For U.S. Law Enforcement We require valid and sufficient legal process before we can disclose business records regarding partners, users, or trips. In most instances, we won’t be able to provide any information without a valid subpoena, court order, or search warrant. We accept law enforcement requests via email to [email protected] or via personal service through our corporate agent, National Registered Agents, Inc., 818 W. Seventh Street, Suite 930, Los Angeles, California 90017. Our acceptance of legal process does not waive any legal objections Uber may have and may raise in response to the request.For Non-U.S. Law Enforcement: We disclose business records only in accordance with our terms of service and applicable law. A valid U.S. court order (via mutual legal assistance treaty, mutual legal assistance agreement, or letter rogatory) may be required to compel disclosure of certain records. We accept non-US requests via email to [email protected] or via personal service to the following address: Uber B.V., Regus Business Platinum Centre Pvt. Ltd., Level 13, Platinum Techno Park, Plot No.17/18, Sec-30A, Vashi, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra-400705. Our acceptance of legal process does not waive any legal objections Uber B.V. may have and may raise in response to the request.WHAT FORM OF REQUESTS DOES UBER REQUIRE, AND HOW ARE REQUESTS PROCESSED? To respond to a request, we will need to receive the applicable process described above, as well as a valid return email address from an official government domain. We review each request for facial and substantive validity, and will reject requests that are not facially and substantively valid. Among other things, we require requests to be narrowly tailored to a legitimate law enforcement need and will reject overly broad, vague, or unduly burdensome requests. In order to make sure your Law Enforcement Request is valid and does not seek more information than necessary, we ask for the following: A sufficiently narrow/defined time period; A specific event or action that the subject took; A specific reference (i.e., you must uniquely identify a user or driver partner) We disclose data to law enforcement when we determine that we are required to do so by law. In those instances, we will search for and disclose data that we are reasonably able to locate and retrieve.HOW DOES UBER HANDLE EMERGENCY REQUESTS?We have a process for evaluating requests on an emergency basis where there is an emergency that involves protecting a user, driver partner, or third party or stopping illegal activity that poses an immediate threat of death or serious bodily harm. Requestors must submit an Emergency Request Form (which can be requested through [email protected]) that describes in detail the nature of the emergency, and we review these requests on a case-by-case basis. Law enforcement can submit an emergency request by emailing [email protected]. Please note that we will only review and respond to emergency requests from law enforcement, and will not respond to emergency requests sent to this address by non-law enforcement officials. Non-law enforcement officials aware of an emergency situation should immediately and directly contact local law enforcement officials.DOES UBER NOTIFY INDIVIDUALS OF A LAW ENFORCEMENT REQUEST FOR INFORMATION RELATING TO THEM?Yes, we may notify subjects before producing their information to law enforcement, unless we are prohibited by law from doing so, or in exceptional circumstances such as emergencies. Law enforcement officials who believe that notification would jeopardize an investigation should obtain an appropriate court order or other appropriate process establishing that notice is prohibited.DOES UBER PROVIDE A CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION OR EXPERT TESTIMONY?We may provide a certification from our records custodian but are not generally able to provide in-person or expert witness testimony. Law enforcement officials with questions about these guidelines should email [email protected]. Please note that we will not respond to non-law enforcement inquiries received at this email address. For non-law enforcement inquiries, please see Guidelines for Third Party Data Requests.

**AMAZON CUSTOMER CARE NUMBER 9679824416- **Business SolutiLast updated: March 2020**General Terms**Welcome to **Amazon Services Business Solutions**, a suite of optional merchant services including Selling on Amazon (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#SOA (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#SOA) (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#SOA (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#SOA))), Fulfilment by Amazon (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#FBA (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#FBA) (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#FBA (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#FBA))) and Amazon Advertising (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#SP (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#SP) (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#SP (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#SP))) .THIS AGREEMENT CONTAINS THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS THAT GOVERN YOUR ACCESS TO AND USE OF THE SERVICES THROUGH A PARTICULAR ACCOUNT OR ACCOUNTS AND IS AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN YOU OR THE BUSINESS YOU REPRESENT ("**YOU**") AND AMAZON SELLER SERVICES PRIVATE LIMITED. BY REGISTERING FOR OR USING THE SERVICES, YOU (ON BEHALF OF YOURSELF OR THE BUSINESS YOU REPRESENT) AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, INCLUDING THE SERVICE TERMS AND PROGRAM POLICIES FOR EACH SERVICE YOU REGISTER FOR OR USE IN CONNECTION WITH THE AMAZON SITE.As used in this Agreement, "**we,**" "**us,**" and "**Amazon**" means the Amazon company named in the applicable Service Terms. Capitalized terms have the meanings listed in the Definitions (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#Definitions (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#Definitions) (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#Definitions (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#Definitions))) below. If there is any conflict between these General Terms and the applicable Service Terms and Program Policies, the General Terms will govern and the applicable Service Terms will prevail over the Program Policies.**1. Enrolment**To begin the enrolment process, you must complete the registration process for one or more of the Services. Use of the Services is limited to parties that can lawfully enter into and form contracts under applicable Law. As part of the application, you must provide us with your (or your business') legal name, address, phone number, e-mail address, applicable tax registration details as well as any other information we may request. Any personal data you provide to us will be handled in accordance with Amazon’s Privacy Notice (Online Shopping site in India: Shop Online for Mobiles, Books, Watches, Shoes and More (http://Amazon.in) Privacy Notice (Amazon.in Privacy Notice (https://www.amazon.in/gp/help/customer/display.html/?nodeId=200534380&language=en_IN&ref=efph_home_cont_G1791))).**2. Service Fee Payments**Fee details are described fully in the applicable Service Terms and Program Policies. You are responsible for all of your expenses in connection with this Agreement, unless this Agreement or the applicable Service Terms provide otherwise. For the Amazon Site that you register for or use a Service in connection with, we may require you to submit valid credit card information from a credit card acceptable by Amazon (with respect to such Amazon Site, "**Your Credit Card**") as well as valid bank account information for a bank account in your name that is with a bank located within India and enabled for Your Account (which functionality may be modified or discontinued by us at any time without notice) (with respect to the Amazon Site, "**Your Bank Account**"). You will use only a name you are authorized to use in connection with the Service and will update such information as necessary to ensure that it at all times remains accurate and complete. You authorize us to verify your information (including any updated information), to obtain credit reports about you from time to time, to obtain credit authorizations from the issuer of Your Credit Card, and to charge Your Credit Card or debit Your Bank Account for any sums payable by you to us (in reimbursement or otherwise). At Amazon's option, all payments to you will be made to Your Bank Account, via cheque or electronic transfers or other means as specified by us. You agree that Amazon shall not be liable for any failure to make payments to you on account of incomplete or inaccurate information provided by you with respect to Your Bank Account.In addition to charging payable sums to Your Credit Card, we may instead choose to either (a) offset any amounts that are payable by you to us (in reimbursement or otherwise) against any payments we may make to you, or (b) invoice you for amounts due to us, in which case you will pay the invoiced amounts upon receipt. Except as provided otherwise, all amounts contemplated in this Agreement will be expressed and displayed in the Local Currency, and all payments contemplated by this Agreement will be made in the Local Currency. If we discover erroneous or duplicate transactions, then we reserve the right to seek reimbursement from you by deducting from future payments owed to you, charging Your Credit Card, or seeking such reimbursement from you by any other lawful means; provided that the foregoing will not limit your rights to pursue any good faith dispute with Amazon concerning whether any amounts are payable or due.If we reasonably conclude based on information available to us that your actions and/or performance in connection with the Agreement may result in a significant number of customer disputes, chargebacks or other claims in connection with the Amazon Site, then we may, in our sole discretion and subject to applicable Law, delay initiating any payments to be made or that are otherwise due to you under this Agreement for the shorter of: (a) a period of ninety (90) calendar days following the initial date of suspension; or (b) completion of any investigation(s) regarding your actions and/or performance in connection with the Agreement. You agree that we are entitled to the interest, if any, paid on balances maintained as deposits in our bank accounts.**3. Term and Termination**The term of this Agreement will start on the date of your completed registration for use of one or more of the Services and continue until terminated by us or you as provided below. You may at any time terminate your use of any Service immediately on notice to us via Seller Central, email, the Contact Us Form, or similar means. We may terminate your use of any Services or terminate this Agreement for convenience with 30 days’ advance notice. We may suspend or terminate your use of any Services immediately if we determine that (a) you have materially breached the Agreement and failed to cure within 7 days of a cure notice unless your breach exposes us to liability towards a third party, in which case we are entitled to reduce, or waive, the aforementioned cure period at our reasonable discretion; (b) your account has been, or our controls identify that it may be used for deceptive or fraudulent or illegal activity; or (c) your use of the Services has harmed or our controls identify that it might harm other sellers, customers, or Amazon’s legitimate interest. We will promptly notify you of any such termination or suspension via email or similar means including Seller Central, indicating the reason and any options to appeal, except where we have reason to believe that providing this information will hinder the investigation or prevention of deceptive, fraudulent, or illegal activity, or will enable you to circumvent our safeguards. On termination of this Agreement, all related rights and obligations under this Agreement immediately terminate, except that (d) you will remain responsible for performing all of your obligations in connection with transactions entered into before termination and for any liabilities that accrued before or as a result of termination, and (e) Sections 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 14, 15 and 17 of these General Terms survive.**4. Licence**You grant us a royalty-free, non-exclusive, worldwide right and licence for the duration of your original and derivative intellectual property rights during the Term and for as long thereafter as you are permitted to grant the said licence under applicable Law to use any and all of Your Materials for the Services or other Amazon product or service, and to sublicense the foregoing rights to our Affiliates and operators of Amazon Associated Properties; provided, however, that we will not alter any of Your Trademarks from the form provided by you (except to re-size trademarks to the extent necessary for presentation, so long as the relative proportions of such trademarks remain the same) and will comply with your removal requests as to specific uses of Your Materials (provided you are unable to do so using the standard functionality made available to you via the applicable Amazon Site or Services); provided further, however, that nothing in this Agreement will prevent or impair our right to use Your Materials without your consent to the extent that such use is allowable without a licence from you or your Affiliates under applicable Law (e.g., fair use under copyright law, referential use under trademark law, or valid licence from a third party).**5. Representations**Each Party represents and warrantsthat: (a) if it is a business, it is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the territory in which your business is registered and are a resident of India for income tax purposes every financial year; (b) it has all requisite right, power and authority to enter into this Agreement and perform its obligations and grant the rights, licences and authorizations it grants hereunder; (c) it will comply with all applicable Laws (including but not limited to procuring and maintaining applicable tax registrations) in its performance of its obligations and exercise of its rights under this Agreement; and (d) each party is not subject to sanctions or otherwise designated on any list of prohibited or restricted parties or owned or controlled by such a party, including but not limited to the lists maintained by the United Nations Security Council, the US Government (e.g., the US Department of Treasury's Specially Designated Nationals list and Foreign Sanctions Evaders list and the US Department of Commerce’s Entity List), the European Union or its member states, or other applicable government authority.**6. Indemnification**6.1 You release us from, and agree to indemnify, defend and hold harmless us (and our officers, directors, employees, agents and Affiliates) against, any third party claim, loss, damage, settlement, cost, taxes, expense or other liability (including, without limitation, attorneys' fees) (each, a "**Claim**") arising from or related to: (a) your actual or alleged breach of any representations you have made; (b) any sales channels owned or operated by you, Your Products including the offer, sale, fulfilment (except to the extent attributable to the Fulfilment by Amazon Service, if any), refund, cancellation, adjustments, or return thereof), Your Materials, any actual or alleged infringement of any Intellectual Property Rights by any of the foregoing, and any personal injury, death (to the extent the injury or death is not caused by Amazon) or property damage related thereto; or (c) Your Taxes and duties or the collection, payment, or failure to collect or pay Your Taxes or duties, or the failure to meet tax registration obligations or duties; or (d) your non-compliance with applicable laws.6.2 Amazon’s indemnification obligations. Amazon will defend, indemnify, and hold harmless you and your officers, directors, employees and agents against any third-party Claim arising from or related to: (a) Amazon’s non-compliance with applicable laws; or (b) allegations that the operation of an Amazon Site infringes or misappropriates that third party’s intellectual property rights.6.3 Process. If any indemnified Claim might adversely affect us, we may, to the extent permitted by applicable law, voluntarily intervene in the proceedings at our expense. No party may consent to the entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement of an indemnified Claim without the prior written consent of the other party, which may not be unreasonably withheld; except that a party may settle any claim that is exclusively directed at and exclusively affects that party.**7. Disclaimer**a. THE AMAZON SITE AND THE SERVICES, INCLUDING ALL CONTENT, SOFTWARE, FUNCTIONS, MATERIALS AND INFORMATION AVAILABLE OR PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH THE SERVICES, ARE PROVIDED "AS-IS." AS A USER OF THE SERVICES, YOU ACCESS THE AMAZON SITE, THE SERVICES AND ANY ONLINE PORTAL OR TOOL PROVIDED BY AMAZON TO HELP YOU AVAIL THE SERVICES AT YOUR OWN RISK. EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN SECTION 5 ABOVE, WE AND OUR AFFILIATES WAIVE AND DISCLAIM: (1) ANY REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES, DECLARATIONS OR GUARANTEES REGARDING THIS AGREEMENT, THE SERVICES OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES, DECLARATIONS OR GUARANTEES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT; (2) IMPLIED WARRANTIES ARISING OUT OF COURSE OF DEALING, COURSE OF PERFORMANCE OR USAGE OF TRADE; AND (3) ANY OBLIGATION, LIABILITY, RIGHT, CLAIM OR REMEDY IN TORT, WHETHER OR NOT ARISING FROM OUR NEGLIGENCE. WE DO NOT WARRANT THAT THE FUNCTIONS CONTAINED IN THE AMAZON SITE OR THE SERVICES WILL MEET YOUR REQUIREMENTS OR BE AVAILABLE, TIMELY, SECURE, UNINTERRUPTED OR ERROR FREE, AND WE WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SERVICE INTERRUPTIONS, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO SYSTEM FAILURES OR OTHER INTERRUPTIONS THAT MAY AFFECT THE RECEIPT, PROCESSING, ACCEPTANCE, COMPLETION OR SETTLEMENT OF ANY TRANSACTIONS. SOME JURISDICTIONS' LAWS DO NOT ALLOW EXCLUSION OF AN IMPLIED WARRANTY. IN WHICH CASE THE FOREGOING DISCLAIMER MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU, AND WE AND OUR AFFILIATES DISCLAIM TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED UNDER APPLICABLE LAW ALL WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, WHETHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, SATISFACTORY QUALITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE, NON- INFRINGEMENT OR QUIET ENJOYMENT.b. BECAUSE AMAZON IS NOT INVOLVED IN TRANSACTIONS BETWEEN CUSTOMERS AND SELLERS OR OTHER PARTICIPANT DEALINGS, IF A DISPUTE ARISES BETWEEN ONE OR MORE PARTICIPANTS, EACH OF YOU RELEASE AMAZON (AND ITS AGENTS, AFFILIATES AND EMPLOYEES) FROM CLAIMS, DEMANDS, AND DAMAGES (ACTUAL AND CONSEQUENTIAL) OF EVERY KIND AND NATURE, KNOWN AND UNKNOWN, SUSPECTED AND UNSUSPECTED, DISCLOSED AND UNDISCLOSED, ARISING OUT OF OR IN ANY WAY CONNECTED WITH SUCH DISPUTES.**8. Limitation of Liability**WE WILL NOT BE LIABLE (WHETHER IN CONTRACT, WARRANTY, TORT, DELICT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE, PRODUCT LIABILITY, ANY TYPE OF CIVIL RESPONSIBILITY OR OTHER THEORY) OR OTHERWISE) TO YOU OR ANY OTHER PERSON FOR COST OF COVER, RECOVERY OR RECOUPMENT OF ANY INVESTMENT MADE BY YOU OR YOUR AFFILIATES IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT, OR FOR ANY LOSS OF PROFIT, REVENUE, BUSINESS, OR DATA OR PUNITIVE OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT, EVEN IF AMAZON HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH COSTS OR DAMAGES. FURTHER, EXCEPT IN CASE OF GROSS NEGLIGENCE OR WILFUL MISCONDUCT, OUR AGGREGATE LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY WILL NOT EXCEED AT ANY TIME THE TOTAL AMOUNTS DURING THE PRIOR SIX MONTH PERIOD PAID BY YOU TO AMAZON IN CONNECTION WITH THE PARTICULAR SERVICE AND THE AMAZON SITE GIVING RISE TO THE CLAIM.**9. Insurance**If the Sales Proceeds from Your Transactions through the Fulfilment by Amazon Service in connection with the Amazon Site exceed the Insurance Threshold during each month over any period of three (3) consecutive months, or otherwise if requested by us, then within thirty (30) calendar days thereafter, you will maintain at your expense throughout the remainder of the Term public third party liability insurance in connection with the Amazon Site with at least the Insurance Limits per occurrence/aggregate covering liabilities caused by or occurring in conjunction with the operation of your business in connection with the Amazon Site, including products liability and bodily injury, naming Amazon and its assignees as additional insureds. At our request, you will provide to us certificates of insurance for the **coverage** to the following address: *Amazon Seller Services Limited, 8th Floor, Brigade World Trade Center, 26/1 Dr. Raj Kumar Road, Malleswaram, Bangalore 560055; *and with a copy to: c/o Amazon, P.O. Box 81226, Seattle, WA 98108-1226, Attention: Risk Management.**10. Tax Matters**Your use of Services is subject to Amazon’s Tax Policies (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/help.html/?itemID=GGP87PQ6YNBLNY3C&ref_=xx_GGP87PQ6YNBLNY3C_a_r9_cont_sgsearch (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/help.html/?itemID=GGP87PQ6YNBLNY3C&ref_=xx_GGP87PQ6YNBLNY3C_a_r9_cont_sgsearch) (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/help.html/?itemID=GGP87PQ6YNBLNY3C&ref_=xx_GGP87PQ6YNBLNY3C_a_r9_cont_sgsearch (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/help.html/?itemID=GGP87PQ6YNBLNY3C&ref_=xx_GGP87PQ6YNBLNY3C_a_r9_cont_sgsearch))). You will comply with any applicable tax laws and fulfill all obligations to the tax authorities in a timely and complete manner.As between the parties, you will be responsible for the collection and payment of any and all of Your Taxes together with the filing of all relevant returns, such as service tax, VAT / CST, goods and services tax, cesses or other transaction taxes, and issuing valid invoices/ credit notes/ debit notes where required. Amazon is not responsible for collecting, remitting or reporting any service tax, VAT / CST, goods and services tax or other taxes arising from such sale. You are solely responsible for preparing, making and filing any tax audit report and statutory reports and other filings and responding to any tax or financial audits.Unless stated otherwise, any and all fees payable by you pursuant to this Agreement are exclusive of all value added, service, sales, use, goods and services tax and other similar taxes, and you will pay any taxes that are imposed and payable on such amounts. If we are required by law or by administration thereof to collect any value added, service, sales, use, goods and services tax or similar taxes from you, you will pay such taxes to us. You will provide all necessary information including goods and services tax registered address, registration numbers, invoice mismatch details in a timely manner, to enable us to provide, report or correct goods and services tax invoices. Based on information provided, Amazon will deduce the location of recipient, the billing details, place of supply and applicable taxes.If for any reason, any income tax or withholding tax or tax collection at source or such other taxes under applicable Law are determined to be deducted and deposited on any payments or remittances to you, Amazon will have the right to deduct and deposit any such applicable taxes with the appropriate regulatory authority. No claim in respect of the taxes deposited would be made by you against Amazon.It is your responsibility as a seller on the Amazon Site to choose the most applicable product tax codes and assign Harmonized System of Nomenclature / Service accounting Code applicable for your listing, such that the correct tax rate is applied on all listings offered for sale by you. If we determine that you are not in compliance with this section, then we may suspend the services provided to you on the Amazon Site.For reporting transactions undertaken by you on the Amazon Site, you should consider the Merchant Tax Report (MTR) made available to you on Seller Central.In case of any discrepancy in the reporting / returns filed by you and Amazon, you agree that you will resolve such discrepancy immediately and indemnify Amazon against any tax, interest and penalty payable in this regard.**11. Confidentiality and Personal Data**During the course of your use of the Services, you may receive Confidential Information. You agree that for the term of the Agreement and 8 years after termination: (a) all Confidential Information will remain Amazon's exclusive property except for customer personal data owned by the respective customer; (b) you will use Confidential Information only as is reasonably necessary for your participation in the Services and ensure that persons who have access to Confidential Information will be made aware of and will comply with the obligations in this provision; and (c) you will not, and will cause your affiliates not to, directly or indirectly (including through a third party) otherwise disclose Confidential Information to any individual, company, or other third party, including any Affiliates, except as required to comply with law; (d) you will take all reasonable measures to protect the Confidential Information against any use or disclosure that is not expressly permitted in this Agreement; and (e) you will retain Confidential Information only for so long as its use is necessary for participation in the Services or to fulfill your statutory obligations (e.g. tax) and in all cases will delete such information upon termination or as soon as no longer required for the fulfilment of statutory obligations. The foregoing sentence does not restrict your right to share Confidential Information with a governmental entity that has jurisdiction over you, provided that you limit the disclosure to the minimum necessary and explicitly indicate the confidential nature of the shared information to the governmental entity. You may not issue any press release or make any public statement related to the Services, or use our name, trademarks or logo in any way (including in promotional material) without our advance written permission, or misrepresent or embellish the relationship between us in any way. You may only use the Amazon Mark as defined in and according to the Trademark Usage Guidelines available in Seller Central; you may not use our name, trademarks, or logos in any way (including in promotional material) not covered by the Trademark Usage Guidelines without our advance written permission.You may not use any customer personal data (including contact information) for any purpose other than fulfilling orders or providing customer service in connection with a Service. Generally, you may not use such data in any way inconsistent with applicable law. You must keep customer personal data confidential at all time (the above 8 years’ term limit does not apply to customer personal data).**12. Force Majeure**We will not be liable for any delay or failure to perform any of our obligations under this Agreement by reasons, events or other matters beyond our reasonable control.**13. Relationship of Parties**You and we are independent contractors, and nothing in this Agreement will be construed to create a partnership, joint venture, association of persons, agency, franchise, sales representative, or employment relationship between the parties. Amazon is not an auctioneer, neither is it an intermediary between the customer and the seller. You will have no authority to make or accept any offers or representations on our behalf. You will not make any statement, whether on your site or otherwise, that would contradict anything in this section. This Agreement will not create an exclusive relationship between you and us.**14. Suggestions and Other Information**If you or any of your Affiliates elect to provide or make available suggestions, comments, ideas, improvements, or other feedback or materials to us in connection with or related to the Amazon Site or Services (including any related Technology), you will, to the extent necessary and authorized by law, irrevocably grant to us, a royalty-free and worldwide license on all right, title, and interest in and to the suggestions for the duration of protection of the underlying rights. In order to cooperate with governmental requests, to protect our systems and customers, or to ensure the integrity and operation of our business and systems, we may access and disclose any information we consider necessary or appropriate, including but not limited to user contact details, IP addresses and traffic information, usage history and posted content.**15. Modification**We will provide at least 15 days’ advance notice in accordance with Section 17 for changes to the Agreement.However, we may change or modify the Agreement at any time with immediate effect (a) for legal, regulatory, fraud and abuse prevention, or security reasons; (b) to change existing features or add additional features to the Services (where this does not materially adversely affect your use of the Services); or (c) to restrict products or activities that we deem unsafe, inappropriate, or offensive. We will notify you about any change or modification in accordance with Section 17.Your continued use of the Services after the effective date of any change to this Agreement in accordance with this Section 15 will constitute your acceptance of that change. If any change is unacceptable to you, you agree not to use the Services and to end the Agreement as described in Section 3.**16. Password Security**Any password we provide to you may be used only during the Term to access Your Account or Seller Central, respectively, (or other tools we provide) to use the Service, electronically accept Your Transactions, and review your completed transactions. You are solely responsible for maintaining the security of your password. You may not disclose your password to any third party (other than third parties authorized by you to use Your Account in accordance with this Agreement) and are solely responsible for any use of or action taken under your password. If your password is compromised, you must immediately change your password.**17. Miscellaneous**This Agreement will be governed by the laws of India, without reference to rules governing choice of laws or the Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods. The laws of India govern this Agreement and your use of the Services, without reference to rules governing choice of laws or the Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods. Any dispute or claim of any nature relating in any way to your use of any Services covered under this Agreement will be adjudicated through arbitration, by a sole arbitrator to be appointed by Amazon. The arbitral proceedings shall be conducted in accordance with the provisions of the (Indian) Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 or such statutory amendments thereof (“Arbitration Act”). The arbitration proceedings will be conducted in English and the venue of the arbitral proceedings shall be Delhi, India. Each party agrees that courts in Delhi will have the sole and exclusive jurisdiction over all arbitral applications. The fast track procedures under the Arbitration Act will apply to all proceedings as stipulated.You may not transfer or assign all or any portion of this Agreement, by operation of law or otherwise, without our prior written consent. Any attempt to assign or otherwise transfer in violation of this section is void provided, however, that upon notice to Amazon, you may assign or transfer this Agreement, in whole or in part, to any of your Affiliates as long as you remain liable for your obligations that arose prior to the effective date of the assignment or transfer under this Agreement. You agree that we may assign or transfer our rights and obligations under this Agreement: (a) in connection with a merger, consolidation, acquisition or sale of all or substantially all of our assets or similar transaction;, or (b) to any Affiliate or as part of a corporate reorganization; and effective upon such assignment, the assignee is deemed substituted for Amazon as the party to this Agreement. Subject to that restriction, this Agreement will be binding on, inure to, and be enforceable against the parties and their respective successors and assigns. We may perform any of our obligations or exercise any of our rights under this Agreement through one or more of our Affiliates. Our failure to enforce your strict performance of any provision of this Agreement will not constitute a waiver of our right to enforce such provision or any other provision of this Agreement subsequently.Amazon retains the right to immediately halt any transaction, prevent or restrict access to the Services or take any other action to restrict access to or availability of any inaccurate listing, any inappropriately categorized items, any unlawful items, or any items otherwise prohibited by the applicable Program Policies.The authentic language of this Agreement and subsidiary or associated documentation shall be English and any translations provided are for convenience only. In the event of any conflict or difference in interpretation between the English language version of this Agreement and subsidiary or associated documentation and any translation of them, the English language version and interpretation shall prevail.You agree that we may, in our sole discretion, disclose or make available any information provided or submitted by you or related to your participation under this Agreement (including information regarding Your Products or Your Transactions) to any judicial, quasi-judicial, governmental, regulatory or any other authority as may be required by us to co-operate and / or comply with any of their orders, instructions or directions or to fulfil any requirements under applicable Laws.Amazon will provide notice to you under this Agreement by posting changes on Seller Central or on the applicable Amazon Services site to which the changes relate (such as the Marketplace Developer site accessible through your account), by sending you an email notification, or by similar means. You must send all notices and other communications relating to Amazon to our Selling Partner Support team via Seller Central, email, the Contact Us form, or similar means. We may also communicate with you in connection with your listings, sales, and the Services electronically and in other media, and you consent to such communications. For contractual purposes, you consent to receive such communications through any mode including SMS, e-mail, phone calls etc. If at any time, now or in the future, you decide to change your preferences, visit the Seller Central Notification Preferences page via Amazon (Amazon (https://sellercentral.amazon.in)) (Amazon (Amazon (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/))) and follow the steps.You may change your e-mail addresses or phone numbers via Your Account. Please update these details (including your legal name and address) as often as necessary to ensure that they are accurate.Please continue to use Seller Central as the primary means of managing your orders and seller account. If any provision of this Agreement is deemed unlawful, void, or for any reason unenforceable, then that provision will be deemed severable from these terms and conditions and will not affect the validity and enforceability of any remaining provisions. This Agreement represents the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the Services and related subject matter described herein and supersedes any previous or contemporaneous oral or written agreements and understandings.**Definitions**As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the following meanings:**"Affiliate"** means with respect to any entity, any other entity that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, such entity, except with respect to Amazon, "Affiliate" means solely its Affiliates domiciled in India.**"Amazon Associated Properties"** means any website or other online point of presence, other than the Amazon Site, through which any Amazon Site or products or services available thereon are syndicated, offered, merchandised, advertised or described.**"Amazon Site"** means Online Shopping site in India: Shop Online for Mobiles, Books, Watches, Shoes and More (Online Shopping site in India: Shop Online for Mobiles, Books, Watches, Shoes and More (Online Shopping site in India: Shop Online for Mobiles, Books, Watches, Shoes and More (http://www.amazon.in))).**"Business Days"** means any day of the week (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays) on which commercial banks are open for business in New Delhi, India; Seattle, Washington, United States of America; Luxembourg; and the Republic of Singapore.**“Confidential Information"** means information relating to us, to the Services or Amazon customers that is not known to the general public including, but not limited to, any information identifying or unique to specific customers; reports, insights, and other information about the Services, data derived from the Services except for data (other than customer personal data) arising from the sale of your products comprising of products sold, prices, sales, volumes and time of the transaction; and technical or operational specifications relating to the Services. For the purposes of this Agreement, customer personal data constitutes Confidential Information at all times.**"Content"** means copyrightable works and other content protected under applicable Laws.**"Excluded Products"** means any products or other items set forth in the excluded products list for the Amazon Site or any other Amazon Program Policy that applies to your use of a Service, and any other products or other items that in Amazon's sole discretion are not supported for a Service.**"Insurance Limits"** means INR 5,00,00,000**"Insurance Threshold"** means INR 5,00,000**"Intellectual Property Rights"** means any patent, copyright, Trademark, moral right, trade secret right or any other intellectual property right arising under any Laws and all ancillary and related rights, including all rights of registration and renewal and causes of action for violation, misappropriation or infringement of any of the foregoing.**"Law(s)"** means any law, ordinance, rule, regulation, order, licence, permit, judgment, decision or other requirement, now or hereafter in effect, of any governmental authority of competent jurisdiction.**"Local Currency"** means Indian Rupees (INR).**"Order Information"** means, with respect to any of Your Products sold through the Amazon Site, the order information and shipping information that we provide or make available to you.**"Person"** means any individual, company, corporation, partnership, limited liability partnership, governmental authority, association, joint venture, division or other cognizable entity, whether or not having distinct legal existence.**"Program Policies"** means, all policies and program terms provided on the ‘Policies and Agreements’ (Programme Policies (Programme Policies (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/external/GWBRR2JMCQCVXW6S?language=en_IN&ref=efph_GWBRR2JMCQCVXW6S_cont_G1791))) page.**"Purchase Price"** means the total gross amount payable or paid by a customer for Your Product (including taxes and customs duties).**"Sales Proceeds"** means the gross sales proceeds paid by customers in the course of any of Your Transactions, including the Purchase Price, all shipping and handling, gift wrap and other charges, any taxes and customs duties.**"Seller Central"** means the online portal and tools made available by Amazon to you, for your use in managing your orders, inventory and presence on the Amazon Site.**"Service"** means each of the following services that Amazon makes available on or in connection with the Amazon Site: the Selling on Amazon Service, Fulfilment by Amazon Service and Amazon Advertising.**"Service Terms"** means the service terms specific to each Service set forth herein and made a part of this Agreement upon the date you elect to register for the applicable Service.**"Technology"** means any: (a) ideas, procedures, processes, systems, methods of operation, concepts, principles and discoveries protected or protectable under the Laws of any jurisdiction; (b) interfaces, protocols, glossaries, libraries, structured XML formats, specifications, grammars, data formats, or other similar materials; and (c) software, hardware, code, technology or other functional item.**"Trademark"** means any trademark, service mark, trade dress (including any proprietary "look and feel"), trade name, other proprietary logo or insignia or other source or business identifier, protected or protectable under applicable Laws.**"Your Account"** means the particular account in our systems, in which information about Your Transactions is recorded, and which is one of the online portals and tools which Amazon may make available to you, for your use in managing your orders, inventory and presence on the Amazon Site.**"Your Materials"** means all Technology, Your Trademarks, Content, Required Product Information, data, materials, and other items provided or made available by you or your Affiliates to Amazon or its Affiliates.**"Your Product"** means any product that is made available for listing for sale, offered for sale or sold by you through the Selling on Amazon Service and/or fulfilled or otherwise processed through the Fulfilment by Amazon Service in connection with Your Account, or made available for advertising by you through Amazon Advertising.**"Your Sales Channels"** means all sales channels and other means through which you or any of your Affiliates offer or sell products, other than physical stores.**"Your Taxes"** means any and all value added, service, sales, use, excise, import, export, goods and services tax and other taxes and duties assessed, incurred or required to be collected or paid for any reason in connection with any advertisement, offer or sale of products by you on or through or in connection with the Services, or otherwise in connection with any action, inaction or omission of you or your Affiliates or your or their respective employees, agents, contractors or representatives. Also, as it is used in the Fulfilment by Amazon Service Terms, this defined term also means any of the types of taxes mentioned above that are imposed on or collectible by Amazon or any of its Affiliates in connection with or as a result of: (a) the storage of inventory, packaging, Your Products and other materials owned by you and stored by Amazon; or (b) the fulfilment, shipping, gift wrapping or other actions by Amazon to Your Products pursuant to the Fulfilment by Amazon Service Terms.**"Your Trademarks"** means Trademarks of yours that you provide to us: (a) in non-text form for branding purposes; and (b) separate from (and not embedded or otherwise incorporated in) any product specific information or materials.**"Your Transaction"** means any sale of Your Product(s) through the Amazon Site.**Selling on Amazon Service Terms**The Selling on Amazon Service ("**Selling on Amazon**") is a Service that allows you to list products for sale directly via the Amazon Site. Selling on Amazon is operated by Amazon Seller Services Private Limited. These Selling on Amazon Service Terms are part of the Amazon Services Business Solutions Agreement ("**Business Solutions Agreement**"), but, unless specifically provided otherwise, concern and apply only to your participation in Selling on Amazon. BY REGISTERING FOR OR USING SELLING ON AMAZON, YOU (ON BEHALF OF YOURSELF OR THE BUSINESS YOU REPRESENT) AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE BUSINESS SOLUTIONS AGREEMENT (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#BSA (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#BSA) (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#BSA (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#BSA))) AND THESE SELLING ON AMAZON SERVICE TERMS. Unless defined in these Selling on Amazon Service Terms (including the Selling on Amazon Definitions (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#Definitions (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#Definitions) (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#Definitions (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#Definitions)))), all capitalized terms have the meanings given them in the Business Solutions Agreement.**S-1. Your Product Listings and Orders****S-1.1 Products and Product Information.** You will, in accordance with applicable Program Policies, provide accurate and complete Required Product Information for each product that you make available to be listed for sale through the Amazon Site and promptly update such information as necessary to ensure it at all times remains accurate and complete. You will also ensure that Your Materials, Your Products (including packaging) and your offer and subsequent sale of any of the same on the Amazon Site comply with all applicable Laws (including all marking and labeling requirements) and do not contain any sexually explicit, defamatory or obscene materials or any unlawful materials. You may not provide any information for, or otherwise seek to list for sale on the Amazon Site, any Excluded Products; or provide any URL Marks for use, or request that any URL Marks be used, on the Amazon Site. For each item you list on the Amazon Site, you will provide to us the state or country from which the item ships.**S-1.2 Product Listing; Merchandising; Order Processing.** We will list Your Products for sale on the Amazon Site in the applicable product categories which are supported for third party sellers generally on the Amazon Site on the applicable Selling on Amazon Launch Date, and conduct merchandising and promote Your Products in accordance with the Business Solutions Agreement (including via the Amazon Associated Properties or any other functions, features, advertising, or programs on or in connection with the Amazon Site). Amazon reserves its right to restrict at any time in its sole discretion the access to list in any or all categories on the Amazon Site. We may use mechanisms that rate, or allow shoppers to rate, Your Products and/or your performance as a seller on the Amazon Site and Amazon may make these ratings and feedback publicly available. We will provide Order Information to you for each of Your Transactions. Sales Proceeds will be paid to you only in accordance with Section S-5.**S-1.3 Shipping and Handling Charges.** For Seller-Fulfilled Products, you will determine shipping and handling charges via and subject to our standard functionality and categorizations for the Amazon Site and further subject to any shipping and handling charge Program Policies for the Amazon Site. Any such amounts, paid by the customer towards shipping and handling charges, shall be your proceeds, subject to deduction of applicable charges as may be determined by us and you are solely responsible for reporting and remitting any applicable taxes on the shipping and handling charges. For Amazon-Fulfilled Products, Amazon will determine what the shipping fees will be and will display and collect them accordingly in accordance with the Fulfilment by Amazon Service Terms.**S-1.4 Credit Card Fraud.** We will bear the risk of credit card fraud (i.e. a fraudulent purchase arising from the theft and unauthorized use of a third party's credit card information) occurring in connection with Your Transactions, and you will bear all other risk of fraud or loss; provided, that we will not bear the risk of credit card fraud in connection with any Seller-Fulfilled Product that is not fulfilled strictly in accordance with the Order Information and Shipment Information.**S-2. Sale and Fulfilment, Refunds and Returns****S-2.1 Sale and Fulfilment.** Other than as described in the Fulfilment by Amazon Service Terms (if applicable to you), or as provided in any applicable Service Terms or Program Policies, for the Amazon Site for which you decide to register or use the Selling on Amazon Service, you will: (a) source, sell, fulfil, ship and deliver your Seller-Fulfilled Products, and source and sell your Amazon-Fulfilled Products, in each case in accordance with the terms of the applicable Order Information, these Service Terms and the Agreement, and all terms provided by you and displayed on the Amazon Site at the time of the order and be solely responsible for and bear all risk for such activities; (b) package each of Your Products in a commercially reasonable manner and ship each of Your Products on or before its Estimated Ship Date; (c) retrieve Order Information at least once each Business Day; (d) not cancel any of Your Transactions except as may be permitted pursuant to your terms and conditions appearing on the Amazon Site at the time of the applicable order (which terms and conditions will be in accordance with this Agreement) or as may be required under this Agreement; (e) ship Your Products throughout India (except to the extent prohibited by applicable Law or this Agreement); (f) provide to Amazon information regarding shipment and order status and tracking (to the extent available), in each case as requested by us using the processes designated by us, and we may make any of this information publicly available; (g) comply with all Street Date instructions; (h) notwithstanding any other provision of these Service Terms, ensure that you are the seller of all products made available for listing for sale hereunder; (i) include an order-specific packing slip within each shipment of Your Products; (j) identify yourself as the seller of the product on all packing slips or other information included with Your Products and as the Person to which a customer may return the applicable product; and (k) not send customers emails confirming orders or shipments of Your Products (except that to the extent we have not yet enabled functionality for Your Account that allows payment to be processed on the basis of when shipment occurs, then you will send customers emails confirming shipment of Your Products in a format and manner reasonably acceptable to us). For Amazon-Fulfilled Products, if any, the Fulfilment by Amazon Service Terms will apply to the storage, fulfilment and delivery of such Amazon-Fulfilled Products.**S-2.2 Returns and Refunds.** For all of Your Products that are not fulfilled using Fulfilment by Amazon, you will accept and process returns, refunds and adjustments in accordance with these Service Terms and the Amazon Refund Policies published at the time of the applicable order, and we may inform customers that these policies apply to Your Products. You will determine and calculate the amount of all refunds and adjustments (including any taxes, shipping and handling or other charges) or other amounts to be paid by you to customers in connection with Your Transactions, using a functionality we enable for Your Account. This functionality may be modified or discontinued by us at any time without notice and is subject to the Program Policies and the terms of this Business Solutions Agreement. You will route all such payments through Amazon. We will provide any such payments to the customer (which may be in the same payment form originally used to purchase Your Product), and you will reimburse us for all amounts so paid. For all of Your Products that are fulfilled using Fulfilment by Amazon, the Amazon Refund Policies published at the time of the applicable order will apply and you will comply with them. You will promptly provide refunds and adjustments that you are obligated to provide under the applicable Amazon Refund Policies and as required by Law, and in no case later than thirty (30) calendar days following after the obligation arises. For the purposes of making payments to the customer (which may be in the same payment form originally used to purchase Your Product), you authorize us to make such payments or disbursements from your available balance in the Nodal Account (as defined in Section S-5). In the event your balance in the Nodal Account is insufficient to process the refund request, we will process such amounts due to the customer on your behalf, and you will reimburse us for all amounts so paid.**S-3. Problems with Your Products****S-3.1 Delivery Errors and Nonconformities; Recalls.** You are responsible for: any non-delivery, misdelivery, theft or other mistake or act in connection with the fulfilment and delivery of Your Products, except to the extent caused by: (a) credit card fraud for which we are responsible under *Section S-1.4*; or (b) our failure to make available to you Order Information as it was received by us or resulting from address verification. Notwithstanding the previous sentence, for Amazon-Fulfilled Products, if any, the Fulfilment by Amazon Service Terms will apply to non-delivery, misdelivery, theft or other mistake or act in connection with the fulfilment and delivery of those of Your Products. You are also responsible for any non-conformity or defect in, or any public or private recall of, any of Your Products. You will notify us promptly as soon as you have knowledge of any public or private recalls of Your Products.**S-3.2 A-to-z Guarantee and Chargebacks.** If we inform you that we have received a claim under the "A-to-z Guarantee" offered on the Amazon Site, or other dispute, relating to the offer, sale or fulfillment of Your Product(s) (other than a chargeback) concerning one of Your Transactions, you will have 30 days to appeal our decision of the claim. If we find that a claim, chargeback, or dispute is your responsibility, you (i) will not take recourse against the customer, and (ii) are responsible for reimbursing us for the amount paid by the customer (including taxes and shipping and handling charges, but excluding any Referral Fees that we retained as defined in Section S-4), and all other fees and expenses associated with the original transaction (such as credit card, bank, payment processing, re-presentment, or penalty fees) and any related chargebacks or refunds to the extent payable by us.**S-4. Compensation**You will pay us: (a) the applicable Referral Fee; (b) any applicable Closing Fees; and (c) if applicable, the non-refundable Selling on Amazon Subscription Fee in advance for each month (or for each transaction, if applicable) during the Term of this Agreement. "**Selling on Amazon Subscription Fee**" means the fee specified as such on the Selling on Amazon Fee Schedule (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/200557190?ref=ag_200557190_cont_G1791&language=en_IN (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/200557190?ref=ag_200557190_cont_G1791&language=en_IN) (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/200557190?ref=ag_200557190_cont_G1791&language=en_IN (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/200557190?ref=ag_200557190_cont_G1791&language=en_IN))) for the Amazon Site at the time such fee is payable. With respect to each of Your Transactions: (x) **"Sales Proceeds"** has the meaning set out in the Business Solutions Agreement; (y) **"Closing Fees"** means the applicable fee, if any, as specified in the Selling on Amazon Fee Schedule (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/200557190?ref=ag_200557190_cont_G1791&language=en_IN (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/200557190?ref=ag_200557190_cont_G1791&language=en_IN) (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/200557190?ref=ag_200557190_cont_G1791&language=en_IN (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/200557190?ref=ag_200557190_cont_G1791&language=en_IN))) for the Amazon Site; and (z) **"Referral Fee"** means the applicable percentage of the Sales Proceeds from Your Transaction through the Amazon Site specified on the Selling on Amazon Fee Schedule (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/200557190?ref=ag_200557190_cont_G1791&language=en_IN (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/200557190?ref=ag_200557190_cont_G1791&language=en_IN) (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/200557190?ref=ag_200557190_cont_G1791&language=en_IN (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/200557190?ref=ag_200557190_cont_G1791&language=en_IN))) for the Amazon Site at the time of Your Transaction, based on the categorization by Amazon of the type of product that is the subject of Your Transaction; provided, however, that Sales Proceeds will not include any shipping charge set by us in the case of Your Transactions that consist solely of Amazon-Fulfilled Products. Except as provided otherwise, all monetary amounts contemplated in these Service Terms will be expressed and provided in the Local Currency, and all payments contemplated by this Agreement will be made in the Local Currency.All taxes or surcharges imposed on fees payable by you to Amazon will be your responsibility.**S-5 Sales Proceeds & Refunds.****S-5.1.Nodal Account.** Remittances to you for Your Transactions (excluding COD transactions) will be made through a nodal account (the "**Nodal Account**") in accordance with the directions issued by Reserve Bank of India for the opening and operation of accounts and settlement of payments for electronic payment transactions involving intermediaries vide its notification RBI/2009-10/231 http://DPSS.CO.PD.No (http://DPSS.CO.PD.No) (http://DPSS.CO.PD.No (http://DPSS.CO.PD.No)) (http://DPSS.CO.PD.No).1102 (http://DPSS.CO.PD.No).1102) (http://DPSS.CO.PD.No).1102 (http://DPSS.CO.PD.No).1102)) / 02.14.08/ 2009-10 dated November 24, 2009. Remittance to you for COD transactions shall be made through the online bank or any other mutually agreed and other means used to transfer to Your Bank Account. You hereby agree and authorize us to collect payments on your behalf from customers for any sales made through the COD mechanism. You authorize and permit us to collect and disclose any information (which may include personal or sensitive information such as Your Bank Account information) made available to us in connection with this Agreement to a bank, auditor, processing agency, or third party contracted by us in connection with this Agreement.Subject to and without limiting any of the rights described in Section 2 of the General Terms, we may hold back a portion or your Sale Proceeds as a separate reserve ("**Reserve**"). The Reserve will be in an amount as determined by us and the Reserve will be used only for the purpose of settling the future claims of customers in the event of non-fulfilment of delivery to the customers of your Products keeping in mind the period for refunds and chargebacks.**S-5.2.** Except as otherwise stated in this Agreement (including without limitation Section 2 of the General Terms), you authorize us and we will remit the Settlement Amount to Your Bank Account on the Payment Date in respect of an Eligible Transaction. When you either initially provide or later change Your Bank Account information, the Payment Date will be deferred for a period of up to 14 calendar days. You will not have the ability to initiate or cause payments to be made to you. If you refund money to a customer in connection with one of Your Transactions in accordance with Section S-2.2, on the next available Designated Day for Amazon Site, we will credit you with the amount of the Referral Fee paid by you to us attributable to the amount of the customer refund, less the Refund Administration Fee for each refund, which amount we may retain as an administrative fee."**Eligible Transaction**" means Your Transaction against which the actual shipment date has been confirmed by you."**Designated Day**" means any particular Business Day of the week designated by Amazon on a weekly basis, in its sole discretion, for making remittances to you."**Payment Date**" means the Designated Day falling immediately after 14 calendar days (or less in our sole discretion) of the Eligible Transaction."**Settlement Amount**" means Sales Proceeds (which you will accept as payment in full for the sale and shipping and handling of Your Products), less: (a) the Referral Fees due for such sums; (b) any Selling on Amazon Subscription Fees due; (c) taxes required to be charged by us on our fees; (d) any refunds due to customers in connection with the Amazon Site; (e) Reserves, as may be applicable, as per this Agreement; (f) Closing Fees, if applicable; (g) any other applicable fee prescribed under the Program Policies (including fee payable under the FBA Fee Schedule for Amazon Site), if applicable; and (h)tax collected at source under applicable Law.**S-5.3.** In the event that we elect not to recover from you a customer's chargeback, failed payment, or other payment reversal (a "**Payment Failure**"), you irrevocably assign to us all your rights, title and interest in and associated with that Payment Failure.**S-6. Amazon’s Marketplace, Websites and Services**Amazon has the right to determine, the design, content, functionality, availability and appropriateness of its marketplace, websites, selection and any product or listing on the Amazon Site or the Amazon Associated Properties, and all aspects of each Service, including your use of the same. Amazon may assign any of these rights or delegate any of its responsibilities.**S-7. Tax Matters**In addition to the General Terms, you agree that, the price stated by you for Your Products is inclusive of all taxes including VAT/CST, customs duty, excise duty or other tax or levy that may be required to be remitted in connection with such sale, unless otherwise provided in any Program Policy or otherwise agreed by Amazon in advance in writing.All payments by Amazon to you shall be made subject to applicable withholding taxes under applicable Governing Laws. Amazon will retain, in addition to its net fees together with any applicable taxes that Amazon determines, as it is obligated to charge or collect on the fees, an amount equal to applicable withholding taxes.If you are required deposit withholding tax in the form and manner as prescribed under applicable Governing laws, you will issue an appropriate tax withholding certificate for such amount to Amazon.You may submit a reimbursement claim with a valid tax withholding certificate in Form 16A within one month from the due date of issuance of Form 16A as per statutory timelines. Amazon shall reimburse the claim post verification and reconciliation with service fee as per books of accounts. Amazon will have right to reject the claim if the claimed amount does not match with service fees invoices. Amazon shall maintain the right to recover any excessive claims paid to you.Amazon has the option to obtain an order for lower or NIL withholding tax from the Indian Revenue authorities. In case Amazon successfully procures such an order, it will communicate the same to you. In that case, the amounts retained shall be in accordance with the directions contained in the order as in force at the point in time when tax is required to be deducted at the source.**Selling on Amazon Definitions****"Amazon-Fulfilled Products"** means any of Your Products that are fulfilled using the Fulfilment by Amazon Service.**"Amazon Refund Policies"** means the return and refund policies published on the Amazon Site.**"Estimated Ship Date"** means, with respect to any of Your Products, either: (a) the end of the shipping availability period (which begins as of the date on which the relevant order is placed by the customer), or the shipping availability date, as applicable, specified by you in the relevant inventory/product data feed for Your Product on the Amazon Site; or (b) if you do not specify shipping availability information in such inventory/product data feed or Your Product is in a product category that Amazon designates as requiring shipment within two (2) days (excluding Sundays and public holidays), (2) days (excluding Sundays and public holidays) after the date on which the relevant order is placed by the customer.**"Refund Administration Fee"** means the lesser of INR 300 or twenty percent (20%) of the applicable Referral Fee.**"Required Product Information"** means, with respect to each of Your Products in connection with the Amazon Site, the following (except to the extent expressly not required under the applicable Program Policies): (a) description; (b) SKU and EAN/UPC numbers and other identifying information as Amazon may reasonably request; (c) information regarding in-stock status and availability, shipping limitations or requirements, and Shipment Information (in each case, in accordance with any categorizations prescribed by Amazon from time to time); (d) categorization within each Amazon product category and browse structure as prescribed by Amazon from time to time; (e) digitized image that accurately depicts only Your Product and does not include any additional logos, text or other markings (and that complies with any Amazon published image guidelines); (f) Purchase Price; (g) shipping and handling charge (in accordance with our standard functionality therefor); (h) any text, disclaimers, warnings, notices, labels or other content required by applicable Law to be displayed in connection with the offer, merchandising, advertising or sale of Your Product; (i) any vendor requirements, restocking fees or other terms and conditions applicable to such product that a customer should be aware of prior to purchasing the product; (j) brand; (k) model; (l) product dimensions; (m) weight; (n) a delimited list of technical specifications; (o) SKU and EAN/UPC numbers (and other identifying information as we may reasonably request) for accessories related to Your Product that is available in our catalogue; and (p) any other information reasonably requested by us (e.g., the condition of used or refurbished products, Harmonized System of Nomenclature / Service Accounting Code).**"Seller-Fulfilled Products"** means any of Your Products that are not fulfilled using the Fulfilment by Amazon Service.**"Selling on Amazon Launch Date"** means the date on which we first list one of Your Products for sale on the Amazon Site.**"Shipment Information"** means, with respect to any of Your Products, the estimated or promised shipment and/or delivery date.**"Street Date"** means the date(s), if any, specified by the manufacturer, distributor and/or licensor of a product as the date before which specified information regarding such product (e.g., title of a book) should not be disclosed publicly, or such product should not be delivered or otherwise made available to customers.**"URL Marks"** means any Trademark, or any other logo, name, phrase, identifier or character string, that contains or incorporates any top level domain (e.g., .com, http://co.in (http://co.in) (http://co.in (http://co.in)) (http://co.in (http://co.in) (http://co.in (http://co.in))), http://co.uk (http://co.uk) (http://co.uk (http://co.uk)) (http://co.uk (http://co.uk) (http://co.uk (http://co.uk))), .in, .de, .es, .edu, .fr, .jp) or any variation thereof (e.g., dot com, dotcom, net, or com).**"Your Transaction"** is defined in the Business Solutions Agreement; however, as used in these Service Terms, it shall mean any and all such transactions through Selling on Amazon only.**Fulfilment by Amazon Service Terms**Fulfilment by Amazon ("**FBA**") provides fulfilment and associated services for Your Products. FBA is operated by Amazon Seller Services Private Limited.These FBA Service Terms are part of the Amazon Services Business Solutions Agreement ("**Business Solutions Agreement**"), and, unless specifically provided otherwise, concern and apply only to your participation in FBA. BY REGISTERING FOR OR USING FBA, YOU (ON BEHALF OF YOURSELF OR THE BUSINESS YOU REPRESENT) AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE BUSINESS SOLUTIONS AGREEMENT (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#BSA (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#BSA) (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#BSA (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/G1791#BSA))) AND THESE FBA SERVICE TERMS. Unless defined in these FBA Service Terms, all capitalized terms are as defined in the Business Solutions Agreement.**F.1. Your Products**Once you are accepted into FBA, you must apply to register each product you sell that you wish to include in the FBA program in connection with the Amazon Site. You may not include any product in the FBA program which is a FBA Excluded Product for the Amazon Site you wish to register Your Product with. We may refuse registration in FBA of any product in connection with the Amazon Site, including on the basis that it is an FBA Excluded Product or that it violates applicable Program Policies. You may at any time withdraw registration of any of Your Products from FBA in connection with the Amazon Site.**F.2. Product and Shipping Information**You will, in accordance with applicable Program Policies, provide in the format we require accurate and complete information about Your Products registered in FBA (including Harmonized System of Nomenclature / Service accounting Code, if applicable). You will promptly update any information about Your Products in accordance with our requirements and as necessary so that the information is at all times accurate and complete.**F.3. Shipping to Amazon****F.3.1.** For the Amazon Site you register Units in connection with, such Units will be delivered to customers in India only. You will ship Units to us in accordance with applicable Program Policies for the Amazon Site Your Products are registered in connection with. You will ensure that: (a) all Units are properly packaged for protection against damage and deterioration during shipment and storage; (b) terms of freight "C.I.P. (Carriage and Insurance Paid) Destination"; and (c) all Units comply with Amazon's labelling and other requirements. You will be responsible for all costs incurred to ship the Units to the shipping destination (including costs of freight and transit insurance). You will prepay all such shipping costs and Amazon will not pay any shipping costs except as provided in *Section F-3.2*. You are responsible for payment of all duties, custom duty, taxes and other charges. If you ship Units to a Site Fulfilment Centre from outside of India, you will list yourself as the importer/consignee and nominate a customs broker. If Amazon is listed on any import documentation, Amazon reserves the right to refuse to accept any Units covered by the import documents and any costs assessed against or incurred by Amazon will be collected by any means permitted by this Agreement. In the case of any improperly packaged or labelled Unit, we may return the Unit to you at your expense (pursuant to *Section F-7*).**F.3.2.** You will not deliver to us any Unsuitable Unit, and we may refuse to accept any shipment (including any Unsuitable Unit). We may return or dispose of or destroy any Unsuitable Unit as provided in Section F-7 (and you will be deemed to have consented to such action): (a) immediately if we determine in our sole discretion that the Unit creates a safety, health or liability risk to Amazon, our personnel or any third party; or (b) if you fail to direct us to return or dispose of or destroy any Unsuitable Unit within thirty (30) days after we notify you that the Unit has been recalled; or (c) except as otherwise provided in this Section F-3.2, if you refuse or fail to direct us to return or dispose of or destroy any Unsuitable Unit within thirty (30) calendar days after we notify you that we are in possession of it. In addition, you will compensate us for any damages incurred including any expenses we incur in connection with any Unsuitable Units.**F.4. Storage**We will provide storage services as described in these FBA Service Terms once we confirm receipt of delivery. We will keep electronic records that track inventory of Units by identifying the number of Units stored in any Site Fulfilment Centre. We will not be required to physically mark Units. If there is a loss of or damage to any Units while we store them due to any breach of contractual obligation / non-performance of obligations by us causing such loss or damage, we will, pay you the applicable replacement value ((as described in the FBA Lost and Damaged Inventory Reimbursement Policy (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/help.html/?itemID=G200213130&ref_=xx_G200213130_a_r0_cont_sgsearch)*)* (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/help.html/?itemID=G200213130&ref_=xx_G200213130_a_r0_cont_sgsearch)*)*) (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/help.html/?itemID=G200213130&ref_=xx_G200213130_a_r0_cont_sgsearch)*)* (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/help.html/?itemID=G200213130&ref_=xx_G200213130_a_r0_cont_sgsearch)*)*)). Payment of the replacement value is our total liability for any duties or obligations that we or our agents or representatives may have as a bailee or warehouseman, and your only right or remedy that you may have as a bailor. The replacement value is inclusive of any VAT/CST/good and services tax (as applicable) and if the replacement value is subject to VAT/CST/goods and services tax, you agree to provide a valid VAT/CST/goods and services tax invoice to Amazon. In consideration of payment of the replacement value, the title in such Units will transfer to us and we will be entitled to dispose of, destroy or otherwise deal in such Units in any manner that we deem fit. You will have no security interest, lien or other claim to the proceeds that we receive from sale, disposal of or otherwise in connection with such Units. At all other times, you will be solely responsible for any loss of, or damage to, any Units. Our confirmed receipt of delivery does not: (a) indicate or imply that any Unit has been delivered free of loss or damage, or that any loss or damage to any Unit later discovered occurred after confirmed receipt of delivery; (b) indicate or imply that we actually received the number of Units of Your Product(s) specified by you for such shipment; or (c) waive, limit or reduce any of our rights under this Business Solutions Agreement. We reserve the right to change, scheduling restrictions and volume limitations on the delivery and storage of your inventory in the Site Fulfilment Centres in accordance with Section 14, and you will comply with any of these restrictions or limitations.**F.5. Fulfilment**We will ship Units from our inventory of Your Products in connection with the Amazon Site to the shipping addresses in India included in valid customer orders. We may ship Units together with products purchased from other merchants.**F.6. Customer Returns****F.6.1.** We will receive and process returns of any Amazon Fulfilment Units in accordance with the terms of your Seller Agreement, these FBA Service Terms and the Program Policies for the Amazon Site. Any Sellable Units registered in connection with the Amazon Site that are also Amazon Fulfilment Units and that are properly returned will be placed back into the inventory of Your Products in the FBA Program for the Amazon Site. We may fulfil customer orders for Your Products in connection with the Amazon Site with any Amazon Fulfilment Units returned in connection with the Amazon Site. Except as provided in *Section F-7*, you will retake title of all Units that are returned by customers.**F.6.2.** Except as provided in Section F-7, we will, at your direction, either return or dispose of or destroy any Amazon Fulfilment Unit that is returned to us and that we determine is an Unsuitable Unit as provided in Section F-7. Without limitation of our rights under Section F-7.4, we may elect to return or dispose of or destroy that Unsuitable Unit as provided in Section F-7, and you will be deemed to have consented to our election if you fail to direct us to return or dispose of or destroy the Unsuitable Unit within thirty (30) calendar days after we notify you of the Unsuitable Unit.**F.6.3.** You will be responsible for all tax obligations including but not limited to VAT/CST, sales, service and goods and services taxes as result of any returns.**F.7. Returns to You and Disposal****F.7.1.** You may, at any time, request that Units be returned to you. We may, with notice, return Units to you, including upon termination of these Service Terms. These returned shipments will be sent to your designated shipping address in the territory in which the applicable Site Fulfilment Centre is located (or, at Amazon's sole discretion, your designated shipping address within India. If the address we have for you in connection with the Amazon Site is outdated, incorrect or outside India or if we cannot make arrangements for you to pay for the return shipment, the Unit(s) will be deemed abandoned and we may elect to dispose of or destroy the Unit(s) as appropriate based on the inventory and, subject to any replacement or reimbursement done as required under applicable law, this Agreement and our Program Policies, retain any proceeds we may receive from the disposal. You agree that any proceeds we may receive from the disposal are fair and reasonable compensation for any costs we incur in connection with the disposal.. For all Units that are returned to you, you are solely responsible for issuing any statutory forms or other documents, including but not limited to invoices, stock transfer forms, delivery challans etc., required to return the Units back to you. You are also solely responsible for dealing with clearing the Units from any checkposts.**F.7.2.** You may, at any time, request that we dispose of or destroy Units. In this case, we may dispose of or destroy these Units as appropriate based on the inventory. Subject to Section F.4 above, title to each disposed or destroyed Unit will transfer to us at no cost, free and clear of any liens, claims, security interests or other encumbrances to the extent required to dispose of or destroy the Unit, and we may, subject to any replacement or reimbursement done as required under applicable law, this Agreement and our Program Policies, retain all proceeds, if any, received from the disposal of any Unit.**F.7.3.** You will promptly notify us of any recalls or threatened recalls of any of Your Products and cooperate and assist us in connection with any recalls, including by initiating the procedures for returning items to you under our standard processes. You will be responsible for all costs and expenses you, we or any of our or your Affiliates incur in connection with any recall or threatened recall of any of Your Products (including the costs to return, store, repair, liquidate or deliver to you or any vendor any of these products).**F.7.4. Disposal of Unsuitable Units.** In the event any Amazon Fulfilment Unit is returned to our Site Fulfilment Centre on account of being an Unsuitable Unit, then we may, without limiting any of our other rights under this Agreement (including as described in Section F.3.2), (a) dispose of or destroy such Unit in case you fail to remove such Unit from our Site Fulfilment Centre within a period of thirty (30) days from the date we notify you that its removal is required, for instance because your use of FBA is suspended or terminated or your seller account is suspended, terminated or closed; and (b) immediately dispose of or destroy such Unit if: (i) we determine that such Unit has no replacement value; (ii) we determine that the Unit creates a safety, health or liability risk to Amazon, our personnel or any third party; or (iii) we obtain knowledge of your engagement in fraudulent or illegal activity; or (iv) we have cause to terminate your use of Services with immediate effect pursuant to Section 3 and are exposed to liability towards a third party. In addition, you will reimburse us for any damages incurred including any expenses we incur in connection with any Unsuitable Units.**F.8. Reporting**You are responsible for raising or collecting from customers any appropriate documentation including invoices, delivery challans, way bills, stock transfer forms (e.g., Form F) or any other statutorily required documentation for reporting of both dispatch and arrivals of the shipment of Units to and from Site Fulfilment Centres. You will be solely responsible for clearing any goods held up at any checkposts or seized by tax authorities as a result of non-compliance of any required documentation requirements.**F.9. Customer Service****F.9.1.** We will be responsible for all customer service issues relating to packaging, handling and shipment and customer returns, refunds and adjustments related to Amazon Fulfilment Units. We will determine on your behalf, whether a customer will receive a refund, adjustment or replacement for any Amazon Fulfilment Unit and we will require you to reimburse us where we determine you have responsibility in accordance with the Business Solutions Agreement (including these Service Terms and the Program Policies for the applicable Amazon Site). Except as provided in this *Section F-9* regarding any Amazon Fulfilment Units, customer service will be handled as set forth in your Seller Agreement. You will be responsible for VAT/CST related customer service enquiries including but not limited to pricing and tax obligations including but not limited to VAT/CST, sales, service and goods and services taxes invoices and credit memos.**F.9.2.** In situations relating to Amazon Fulfilment Units where the wrong item was delivered or the item was damaged or lost or is missing, unless we determine that the basis for such request is caused by you or any of your employees, agents or contractors, and for any breach of contractual obligation / non-performance of obligations by Amazon as covered under the Program Policies causing such damage or loss we will, at our option for any Amazon Fulfilment Unit (i) ship a replacement Unit to the customer and pay you the applicable replacement value (as described in the FBA Lost and Damaged Inventory Reimbursement Policy (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/help.html/?itemID=G200213130&ref_=xx_G200213130_a_r0_cont_sgsearch)*)* (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/help.html/?itemID=G200213130&ref_=xx_G200213130_a_r0_cont_sgsearch)*)*) (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/help.html/?itemID=G200213130&ref_=xx_G200213130_a_r0_cont_sgsearch)*)* (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/help.html/?itemID=G200213130&ref_=xx_G200213130_a_r0_cont_sgsearch)*)*)) for the replacement Unit or (ii) process a refund to the customer and pay you the replacement value for the Unit. Any customer refund will be processed in accordance with the Selling on Amazon Service Terms. Notwithstanding the terms of the Selling on Amazon Service Terms, we will be entitled to retain the applicable Fees payable to us under the Selling on Amazon Service Terms and these Service Terms, respectively. Except as expressly provided in this *Section F-9.2* you will be responsible for all costs associated with any replacement or return.**F.9.3.** If we provide a replacement Unit or refund as described in the preceding sentence to a customer and that customer returns the original Unit to us, we will be entitled to dispose of /destroy the Unit pursuant to *Section F-7*, or, if it is a Sellable Unit, we may, at our option, place such Unit back into your inventory in accordance with *Section F-6*. If we do put it back into your inventory, you will compensate us for the applicable replacement value of the returned Unit. Any replacement Unit shipped by us under these Service Terms will be deemed to be, and will be treated in the same manner as, an order and sale of such Unit from you to the customer via the Amazon Site in accordance with the Business Solutions Agreement and your Seller Agreement, and will be subject to all terms and conditions applicable thereto.**F.10. Compensation****F.10.1. Fees.** You will pay us the applicable fees (including storage, fulfilment, removal and disposal fees) set out in the FBA Fee Schedule for the Amazon Site (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/200209150?ref=ag_200209150_cont_G1791&language=en_IN (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/200209150?ref=ag_200209150_cont_G1791&language=en_IN) (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/200209150?ref=ag_200209150_cont_G1791&language=en_IN (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/200209150?ref=ag_200209150_cont_G1791&language=en_IN))). You will be charged the Storage Fees beginning on the day (up to midnight) that the Unit arrives at the Site Fulfilment Centre and is available for fulfilment by Amazon (or in the case of any Unsuitable Unit, the arrival day (up to midnight)), until the earlier of: (a) the day (up to midnight) we receive a valid customer order for such product or a request from you to return or dispose of or destroy the Unit; or (b) the day (up to midnight) we actually ship the Unit to your designated return location or dispose of or destroy the Unit.**F.10.2. Shipping and Gift Wrap.** For any Amazon Fulfilment Units we will determine the amounts charged to the customer for shipping and gift wrap services for the Units that we fulfil through the FBA Program. As between you and us, these charges will be your tax inclusive charges to the customer, and we will report them to you. We will charge you (and you will pay us) a fee equal to the amount of such charges to the customer. You acknowledge and agree that you are responsible to account for any applicable taxes including but not limited to VAT/CST, sales, service and goods and services taxes on the shipping and gift wrap charges to customer.**F.10.3. Taxes on Fees Payable to Amazon.** In regard to these Service Terms you can provide a VAT / goods and services tax registration number or evidence of being in business, if you do not have a VAT / goods and services tax registration number. If you are VAT / goods and services tax registered, or in business but not VAT / goods and services tax registered, you give the following warranties and representations:(a) all services provided by Amazon to you are being received by your establishment under your designated VAT / goods and services tax registration number; and(b) (i) the VAT / goods and services tax registration number, or the evidence of being in business, you submit to Amazon belongs to the business you operate; (ii) that all transactions regarding the services will be business-related transactions made by the business associated with the VAT / goods and services tax registration number, if evidence of being in business, you submit to Amazon; and (iii) that the VAT / goods and services tax registration number, or evidence of being in business, and all other information provided by you is true, accurate and current and you will immediately update any such information held by Amazon in case of any changes.Amazon reserves the right to request additional information and to confirm the validity of any your account information (including without limitation your VAT / goods and services tax registration number) from you or government authorities and agencies as permitted by Law and you hereby irrevocably authorize Amazon to request and obtain such information from such government authorities and agencies. Further, you agree to provide any such information to Amazon upon request. Amazon reserves the right to charge you any applicable unbilled VAT / goods and services tax if you provide a VAT / goods and services tax registration number, or evidence of being in business, that is determined to be invalid. VAT / goods and services tax registered sellers and sellers who provide evidence of being in business agree to accept electronic VAT / goods and services tax invoices in a format and method of delivery as determined by Amazon.All payments by Amazon to you shall be made subject to any applicable withholding taxes and tax collection at source under the applicable Law. Amazon will retain, in addition to its net Fees, an amount equal to the legally applicable withholding taxes / tax collection at source at the applicable rate. You are responsible for deducting and depositing the legally applicable taxes and deliver to Amazon sufficient document evidencing the deposit of tax. Upon receipt of the evidence of deduction of tax, Amazon will remit the amount evidenced in the certificate to you. Upon your failure to duly deposit these taxes and providing evidence to that effect within 5 days from the end of the relevant month, Amazon shall have the right to utilize the retained amount for discharging its tax liability.Where you have deposited the taxes, you will issue an appropriate tax withholding certificate for such amount to Amazon and Amazon shall provide necessary support and documentation as may be required by you for discharging your obligations.Amazon has the option to obtain an order for lower or NIL withholding tax from the Indian Revenue authorities. In case Amazon successfully procures such an order, it will communicate the same to you. In that case, the amounts retained, shall be in accordance with the directions contained in the order as in force at the point in time when tax is required to be deducted at source.Any taxes applicable in addition to the fee payable to Amazon shall be added to the invoiced amount as per applicable Law at the invoicing date which shall be paid by you.**F.10.4. Registration of Fulfilment Centres for VAT / CST / goods and services tax:** Amazon understands and agrees that you would be required to register the Site Fulfilment Centres wholly or partly as your place of business from a VAT / CST / goods and services tax regulations perspective. Amazon shall issue a no-objection certificate as required to enable you to register the Site Fulfilment Centres as your additional place of business from a VAT / CST / goods and services tax regulations perspective. Amazon shall, on your request, issue a no-objection certificate in the prescribed format and other related documents as may be necessary to enable obtaining such registration. You shall indemnify and keep indemnified Amazon and its Affiliates, in addition to Section F.11, against any consequences arising from investigation or enquiry by the tax authorities due to any reason. In the event, your goods (or Site Fulfilment Centres) are seized by the tax authorities for any reason, the responsibility for undertaking the release, and bearing the costs of the release, would be solely on you, while Amazon would support this process as reasonably required. You further represent and warrant that you will not register Site Fulfilment Centres as your principal place of business but only as an additional place of business.**F.11. Indemnity**In addition to your obligations under Section 6 of the Business Solutions Agreement, you also agree to indemnify, defend and hold harmless us, our Affiliates and their and our respective officers, directors, employees, representatives and agents against any Claim that arises out of or relates to: (a) the Units (whether or not title has transferred to us, and including any Unit that we identify as yours pursuant to Section F-4), including any personal injury, death or property damage; and, if applicable, b) any of Your Taxes or the collection, payment or failure to collect or pay Your Taxes or for any demand/denial of credit arising on account discrepancies observed in the goods and services tax returns filed.**F.12. Release**You hereby, on behalf of yourself and your successors, subsidiaries, Affiliates, officers, directors, shareholders, employees, assigns and any other person or entity claiming by, through, under or in concert with you or them (collectively, the "**Releasing Parties**"), irrevocably acknowledge full and complete satisfaction of and hereby unconditionally and irrevocably release and forever fully discharge Amazon and each of its Affiliates, and any and all of their predecessors, successors, and Affiliates, past and present, as well as each of their partners, officers, directors, shareholders, agents, employees, representatives, attorneys, and assigns, past and present, and each of them and all Persons acting by, through, under or in concert with any of them (collectively, the "**Released Parties**"), from any and all claims, obligations, demands, causes of action, suits, damages, losses, debts or rights of any kind or nature, whether known or unknown, suspected or unsuspected, absolute or contingent, accrued or unaccrued, determined or speculative (collectively, "**Losses**") which the Releasing Parties now own or hold or at any time heretofore have owned or held or in the future may hold or own against the Released Parties, or any of them, arising out of, resulting from, or in any way related to, the shipment including any tax registration or collection obligations. You, on behalf of yourself and all other Releasing Parties, recognize that you, and each of them, may have some Losses (WHETHER IN CONTRACT; WARRANTY; TORT; DELICT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE; PRODUCT LIABILITY; ANY TYPE OF CIVIL RESPONSIBILITY OR OTHER THEORY) OR OTHERWISE) against the Released Parties of which you, or any of them, are totally unaware and unsuspecting, or which may arise or accrue after the date you register for these FBA Service Terms, which the Releasing Parties are giving up by agreeing to these FBA Service Terms. It is your intention in agreeing to these FBA Service Terms that these FBA Service Terms will deprive the Releasing Parties of each and all such Losses and prevent the Releasing Party from asserting any such Losses against the Released Parties, or any of them.**F.13. Disclaimer**IN ADDITION TO THE DISCLAIMER IN *SECTION 7* OF THE BUSINESS SOLUTIONS AGREEMENT, WE HEREBY DISCLAIM ANY DUTIES OF A BAILEE OR WAREHOUSEMAN TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED UNDER APPLICABLE LAW, AND YOU HEREBY WAIVE ALL RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF A BAILOR (WHETHER ARISING UNDER COMMON LAW OR STATUTE), RELATED TO OR ARISING OUT OF ANY POSSESSION, STORAGE OR SHIPMENT OF YOUR PRODUCTS BY US OR OUR AFFILIATES OR ANY OF OUR OR THEIR CONTRACTORS OR AGENTS.**F.14. Effect of Termination**Your termination rights are set out in **Section 3** of this Agreement. Following any termination of the Business Solutions Agreement or these FBA Service Terms in connection with the Amazon Site, we will, as directed by you, return to you or dispose of or destroy the Units registered in connection with the Amazon Site as provided in Section F-7. If you fail to direct us to return or dispose of or destroy the Units within ninety (90) calendar days after termination, then we may elect to return and/or dispose of or destroy the Units in whole or in part, as provided in Section F-7, and you agree to such action. Upon any termination of these FBA Service Terms in connection with the Amazon Site, all rights and obligations of the parties under these FBA Service Terms with regard to the Amazon Site will be extinguished, except that the rights and obligations of the parties under Sections F-1, F-2, F-3, F-4, F-5, F-6, F-7, F-8, F-9, F-10, F-11, F-12, F-13 and F-14 with respect to Units received or stored by Amazon as of the date of termination will survive the termination.**F.15. Tax Matters**You understand and acknowledge that storing Units at the Site Fulfilment Centres may create a tax presence for you in the applicable territory in which the Site Fulfilment Centre is located, and you will be solely responsible for any taxes, interest or penalties owed as a result of such storage. You will be responsible for Your Taxes, interest or penalties and you will indemnify and hold Amazon and its Affiliates harmless from Your Taxes, interest or penalties as provided in Section F-11 of these FBA Service Terms and agree to pay any of these over to Amazon promptly. You acknowledge and agree that you are responsible for preparing and filing any applicable statutorily required documentation to be issued either by you or by the customers. You acknowledge that you are responsible to handle any requests for refunds of taxes including but not limited to VAT/CST, service, sales and goods and services taxes on shipments to these addresses where appropriate.**F.16. Additional Representation**In addition to your representations and warranties in Section 5 of the Business Solutions Agreement, you represent and warrant to us that: (a) you have valid legal title to all Units and all necessary rights to distribute the Units and to perform under these FBA Service Terms; (b) you will deliver all Units to us in new condition (or in such condition otherwise described by you in the applicable Your Product listing) and in a merchantable condition; (c) all Units and their packaging will comply with all applicable marking, labelling and other requirements required by Law; (d) no Unit is or will be produced or manufactured, in whole or in part, by child labour or by convict or forced labour; (e) you and all of your subcontractors, agents and suppliers involved in producing or delivering Units will strictly adhere to all applicable Laws (including any Law applicable to any territory where Units are produced or delivered, regarding the operation of their facilities and their business and labour practices, including working conditions, wages, hours and minimum ages of workers).**FBA Definitions****"Amazon Fulfilment Units"** means Units fulfilled using FBA that are sold through the Amazon Site. For avoidance of doubt, if you have successfully registered for both FBA and Selling on Amazon for the Amazon Site, then the term "Amazon Fulfilment Units" and the defined term "Amazon-Fulfilled Products" in the Selling on Amazon Service Terms both refer to the same items.**"FBA Excluded Product"** means, with respect to the Amazon Site you register Units in connection with, any Unit that is an Excluded Product, or is otherwise prohibited by the Program Policies for the Amazon Site (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/help.html?itemID=521&ref=ag_521_bred_1801& (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/help.html?itemID=521&ref=ag_521_bred_1801&) (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/help.html?itemID=521&ref=ag_521_bred_1801& (https://sellercentral.amazon.in/gp/help/help.html?itemID=521&ref=ag_521_bred_1801&))).**"Sellable Unit"** means a Unit that is not an Unsuitable Unit.**"Seller Agreement"** means the Selling on Amazon Service Terms, any successor to any of these agreements, or any other similar agreement (as determined by Amazon) between you and us that permits you to list and sell products via the Amazon Site.**"Shipping Information"** means with respect to any purchased Unit(s), the following information: the name of the recipient, the shipping address, the quantity of Units to be shipped, and any other shipping-related information we may reasonably request.**"Site Fulfilment Centre(s)"** means the fulfilment centre(s) designated or used by Amazon to store and fulfill Units in connection with a particular Amazon Site.**"Unit"** means a unit of Your Product that you deliver to Amazon in connection with the FBA Program in connection with the Amazon Site.**"Unsuitable Unit"** means a Unit: (a) that is defective, damaged, or lacking required label(s); (b) the labels for which were not properly registered with Amazon before shipment or do not match the product that was registered; (c) that is an FBA Excluded Product or does not comply with the Business Solutions Agreement (including these Service Terms and the applicable Program Policies); or (d) that Amazon determines is otherwise unsuitable.**Amazon Advertising Service Terms**The Amazon Advertising Service Terms govern your use of Amazon Advertising, a Service that allows you to advertise your products. The Amazon Advertising Service Terms apply to your use of the Ad Services.Your use of the Ad Services (as defined in the Amazon Advertising Agreement) is governed by the Amazon Advertising Agreement. You accept the Amazon Advertising Agreement, which may be updated from time to time by Amazon in accordance with its terms. The Amazon Advertising Agreement is available at Amazon Advertising - Advertising Campaigns (Amazon Advertising - Advertising Campaigns (Amazon Advertising - Advertising Campaigns (https://advertising.amazon.in/terms))). In the event of any conflict between the General Terms or Program Policies and the Amazon Advertising Agreement with respect to the Ad Services, the Amazon Advertising Agreement will prevail to the extent of the conflict. If the Amazon Advertising Agreement is deemed unlawful, void, or for any reason unenforceable, then the General Terms will govern your access to and use of the Ad Services.**Selling Partner API Terms****API-1 Description of the Selling Partner APIs**The “Selling Partner APIs” enable your systems to interface with certain features or functionality we make available to you. These Selling Partner API Terms concern and apply only to your use of the Selling Partner APIs unless specifically provided otherwise. Under the Selling Partner API Terms, you may authorize parties who (a) develop Applications to support you using the Selling Partner APIs or the API Materials, (b) have registered with us as Developers, and (c) who have agreed to the Marketplace Developer Agreement (“Developers”) to access Amazon Transaction Information and your Materials via the Selling Partner APIs. If you wish to use the Selling Partner APIs directly or develop software or a website that interfaces with the Selling Partner APIs or the API Materials (an “Application”), you must register as a Developer.We may make available Selling Partner APIs (including the Marketplace Web Services APIs) and software, data, text, audio, video, images, or other content we make available in connection with the Selling Partner APIs, including related documentation, software libraries, and other supporting materials, regardless of format (collectively the “API Materials”) that permit your systems to interface with certain features or functionality available to you. You may authorize Developers to access your Materials via the Selling Partner APIs solely for the purpose of supporting your business on Amazon. All terms and conditions applicable to the Selling Partner APIs and the API Materials in this Agreement are solely between you and us. API Materials that are public or open source software (“Public Software”) may be provided to you under a separate license, in which case, notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, that license will govern your use of those API Materials. For the avoidance of doubt, except to the extent expressly prohibited by the license governing any API Materials that are Public Software, all of the non-license provisions of this Agreement will apply.**API-2 License and Related Requirements****API-2.1 Generally.**We grant you a limited, revocable, non-exclusive, non-sublicenseable, nontransferable license during the term of the Agreement to allow Developers to access and use Your Materials through the Selling Partner APIs and the API Materials solely in support of your use of the Services covered by this Agreement. As between you and us, we or our licensors own all right, title, and interest in and to the Selling Partner APIs, the API Materials, any technical and operational specifications, security protocols and other documentation or policies provided or made available by us with respect to the Selling Partner APIs or the API Materials (the “Selling Partner API Specifications”), and our internal data center facilities, servers, networking equipment, and host software systems that are within our or their reasonable control and are used to provide the Selling Partner APIs or the API Materials (the “Amazon Network”).**API-2.2 License Restrictions.**You may authorize Developers to access your Materials through the Selling Partner APIs and the API Materials only through APIs documented and communicated by us in accordance with any applicable Selling Partner API Specifications. You may not and may not authorize any other party to do any of the following with the Selling Partner APIs and the API Materials: (a) reverse engineer, decompile, or disassemble them; (b) modify or create derivative works based upon them in whole or in part; (c) distribute copies of them; (d) remove any proprietary notices or labels on them; (e) use any Public Software in any manner that requires, pursuant to the license applicable to such Public Software, that the Selling Partner APIs and the API Materials be disclosed, licensed, distributed, or otherwise made available to anyone; (f) resell, lease, rent, transfer, sublicense, or otherwise transfer rights to them; (g) access or use them in a way intended to avoid incurring any applicable fees or exceeding usage limits or quotas; (h) access or use them for any purpose unrelated to your use of Services; or (i) access or use them for fraudulent or illegal activities or activities that violate our policies or are otherwise harmful to us or any third parties. The limitations regarding data use in Section 10 above apply to any information you receive by the direct or indirect use of the Selling Partner APIs.**API-2.3 No License for Direct Access.**For the avoidance of doubt, these Selling Partner API Terms do not provide you a license to directly access or use the Selling Partner APIs, or install, copy, use, or distribute API Materials. Direct use of the Selling Partner APIs may only be licensed to Developers.**API-2.4 Account Identifiers and Credentials.**You must use the account IDs and any unique public key/private key pair issued by us to provide access to your data via the Selling Partner APIs (“Account Identifiers and Credentials”) in accordance with these Selling Partner API Terms to authorize Developers to access the Selling Partner APIs on your behalf. You may only authorize access to Amazon Transaction Information and Your Materials via the Selling Partner APIs in the way that we prescribe. Your Account Identifiers and Credentials are for your personal use only and you must maintain their secrecy and security. You are solely responsible for all activities that occur using your Account Identifiers and Credentials, regardless of whether the activities are undertaken by you or a third party (including your employees, contractors, or agents). You will provide us with notice immediately if you believe an unauthorized third party may be using your Account Identifiers and Credentials or if your Account Identifiers and Credentials are lost or stolen. We are not responsible for unauthorized use of your Account Identifiers and Credentials.**API-2.5 Security of Your Materials.**You are solely responsible for authorizing others to access the Selling Partner APIs on your behalf and taking your own steps to maintain appropriate security, protection, and backup of Your Materials. We are not responsible for any unauthorized access to, alteration of, or deletion, destruction, damage, loss, or failure to store any of Your Materials in connection with the Selling Partner APIs (including as a result of your or any third party’s errors, acts, or omissions).**API-3 Termination****API-3.1 Termination of Your Access to the Selling Partner APIs and the API Materials.**Without limiting the parties’ rights and obligations under this Agreement, the Selling Partner API Developer Agreement, or the Selling Partner API Licence Agreement, we may limit, suspend, or terminate your access to the Selling Partner APIs and the API Materials for convenience with 30 days’ notice. We may terminate immediately if (a) we determine that you have materially breached this Agreement and failed to cure within 7 days of a cure notice; (b) you or your account have been engaged in deceptive, fraudulent, or illegal activity; or (c) your use of the Selling Partner APIs and the API Materials may harm our customers.Upon any suspension or termination of your access to the Selling Partner APIs and the API Materials, you will immediately cease authorizing others to use the Selling Partner APIs and the API Materials. Upon any termination of your access to the Selling Partner APIs and the API Materials, you will also immediately destroy all API Materials. Upon any suspension or termination of your access to the Selling Partner APIs and the API Materials, we may cause your Account Identifiers and Credentials to cease to be recognized by the Amazon Network for the purposes of the Selling Partner APIs and the API Materials.**API-4 Modifications to the Selling Partner APIs and the API Materials**We may change or discontinue the Selling Partner APIs or the API Materials (including by changing or removing features or functionality of the Selling Partner APIs or the API Materials) from time to time. For any material changes that will negatively affect your business, we will provide notice under Section 14.**API-5 Disclaimers**THE SELLING PARTNER APIS AND THE API MATERIALS ARE PROVIDED "AS IS". WE AND OUR AFFILIATE COMPANIES AND LICENSORS MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, WHETHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE REGARDING THE SELLING PARTNER APIS OR THE API MATERIALS, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY THAT THE SELLING PARTNER APIS OR THE API MATERIALS WILL BE UNINTERRUPTED, ERROR FREE, OR FREE OF HARMFUL COMPONENTS, OR THAT ANY MATERIALS OR DATA YOU ACCESS, USE, STORE, RETRIEVE, OR TRANSMIT IN CONNECTION WITH THE SELLING PARTNER APIS, INCLUDING YOUR MATERIALS, WILL BE SECURE OR NOT OTHERWISE LOST OR DAMAGED. EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT PROHIBITED BY LAW, WE AND OUR AFFILIATE COMPANIES AND LICENSORS DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, SATISFACTORY QUALITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, OR QUIET ENJOYMENT, AND ANY WARRANTIES ARISING OUT OF ANY COURSE OF DEALING OR USAGE OF TRADE. FURTHER, NEITHER WE NOR ANY OF OUR AFFILIATE COMPANIES OR LICENSORS WILL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY COMPENSATION, REIMBURSEMENT, OR DAMAGES ARISING IN CONNECTION WITH: (A) THE INABILITY TO USE THE SELLING PARTNER APIS OR THE API MATERIALS FOR ANY REASON; (B) THE COST OF PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; OR (C) ANY INVESTMENTS, EXPENDITURES, OR COMMITMENTS BY YOU IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR YOUR USE OF OR ACCESS TO THE SELLING PARTNER APIS OR THE API MATERIALS.

How to Choose the Best Legal Structure for Your Business – Pros & ConsAre you thinking about turning your latest idea into a business venture? You’ll need to do a lot of work to get off the ground. The Small Business Administration‘s 10-point checklist for budding entrepreneurs is a great place to start. It ticks off a list of crucial to-dos for anyone in the early stages of business formation:Brainstorm and write your business planLook for assistance and training in your industry or area of expertiseChoose a business location (domicile and physical location, if you’re not working out of a home office or coworking space)Find startup financing for your small businessDetermine your company’s legal structure and set up your business with Rocket LawyerRegister your business name (“Doing Business As”)Get a tax identification number and ensure you’re in compliance with local, state, and federal tax regulationsGet a business license and permits, if requiredLearn your obligations vis-a-vis hiring employees, including responsibilities under the Fair Labor Standards Act and what to do if an employee files an FLSA complaint against youFind local assistance from the SBA and local business resourcesWas I in charge at the SBA, I’d add another point: Keep looking for ways to reduce your small business expenses. That’s more of an ongoing obligation, but its importance is impossible to overstate, and it’s never too early to get started.In any event, number five on that list (determining your company’s legal structure) is crucial, with plenty of pitfalls to avoid. Let’s look at the most common business structures available to U.S.-based entrepreneurs – and a handful of less-common structures too. You’ll learn the basic attributes, advantages, and disadvantages of each structure. Afterward, you’ll be able to properly assess which option is right for you.Sole ProprietorshipA sole proprietorship (sole prop) is the simplest and least formal business structure available to U.S. business owners. By definition, it’s also the least conducive to growth. All sole props share some essential attributes:Single Owner and Operator: A sole prop is owned and operated by one person only. Sole proprietors are free to hire employees and retain contractors, but they can’t add partners or issue stock to shareholders. If you want to bring new owners into the fold or sell equity in exchange for funding, you need to reorganize it as a partnership or corporation.No Formal Incorporation: Sole proprietorships aren’t formally incorporated as corporations or organized as partnerships. Sole props that do business under a fictitious name, rather than the operator’s name, typically register those names with state authorities. (These names are known as “Doing Business As” names, or DBAs.) If your sole prop does business under your name, you don’t need to register a DBA.Tax Identification: If you’re your sole prop’s only employee, you can file taxes using your own Social Security number. If you hire employees, you’ll need to get an Employment Identification Number (EIN) from the IRS. This costs nothing and takes only a few minutes.Separate Finances: Sole prop owners aren’t legally obligated to maintain a wall of separation between their personal and business finances. However, it’s highly advisable that you do so, for multiple reasons: to determine that your business is profitable, to keep track of your income and expenses for tax purposes, and to provide potential creditors with a precise accounting of your company’s finances. Set up a business bank account and apply for a small business credit card. Route all income to the former and use the latter for business expenses only. This kills two birds with one stone: keeping your business finances separate while building credit.Pass-Through Taxation: Sole props do not file taxes separately from their operators. As the owner of a sole prop, you’ll attach Schedule C or Schedule C-EZ (Form 1040) to your personal tax return. If your enterprise was profitable during the tax year, you’ll likely be liable for self-employment tax. You’ll report self-employment income and calculate self-employment tax on Schedule SE (Form 1040). If you expect to owe more than $1,000 in tax after subtracting any withholding taxes, and if your withholding taxes comprise less than 90% of the taxes you expect to owe in the current tax year or 100% of the prior tax year’s tax obligation, you’ll need to make quarterly estimated tax payments. For more detail about this and all tax questions, consult our Tax Guide or a tax advisor.Pros of a Sole ProprietorshipSimplicity. It’s super easy to set up a sole proprietorship. You don’t need to file articles of incorporation, draft an operating agreement, or make public financial disclosures. In many cases, you don’t even need to register a company name. You should keep a precise accounting of your business finances, but that’s not legally required.No Double Taxation. Sole props are taxed on a pass-through basis, meaning your business income is combined with nonbusiness income for tax purposes. Your sole prop doesn’t pay taxes on business income that then passes through to you as taxable personal income, a circumstance known as double taxation. If you sell taxable goods or services, you may be required to register with the appropriate tax authorities and pay local and state sales tax.Cons of a Sole ProprietorshipPersonal Liability for Business Debts and Obligations. The glaring disadvantage of a sole proprietorship is the operator’s personal liability for any debts or obligations incurred by the business. For instance, if you purchase equipment on credit, then hit a rough patch, and find yourself unable to meet the vendor’s payment terms, the vendor may have the right to seize your personal assets (including your personal bank account, house, and car) to satisfy the debt. Shareholders in incorporated entities aren’t personally liable for business debts.Reticent Lenders. Unless your sole proprietorship has substantial assets to put up as collateral, it’s not likely to qualify for loans from traditional lenders. This is especially true for newer entities and owners with spotty personal credit. You may have more luck with nontraditional online lenders, many of which market to sole props and smaller corporations. The devil’s often in the details, however – these loans typically come with high-interest rates and unfavorable terms. You’re better off relying on personal savings, loans from family and friends, and other nontraditional startup financing options.Potential for Greater Tax Liability. Sole props are taxed on a pass-through basis. When they’re profitable, they increase their owners’ total taxable income. A big enough increase in your taxable income bumps you into a higher tax bracket and raises your marginal rate, reducing your take-home pay proportionally. While this sounds like a good problem to have, it’s not ideal for sole proprietors who operate their businesses for side income and rely on salaries or hourly wages for the bulk of their income. Neither is it ideal for sole prop owners who set aside substantial fractions of their business income to finance equipment, inventory, or unexpected purchases.PartnershipThink of a partnership as a multimember sole proprietorship. The Small Business Administration describes partnerships as “a single business where two or more people share ownership” and “each partner contributes to all aspects of the business, including money, property, labor or skill,” while sharing “in the profits and losses of the business.” Like sole proprietors, partners are by default personally liable for partnership debts and obligations.Like sole proprietorships, partnerships are informal. “Generally, partnerships do not require any filings with state agencies,” says Shawn Toor, a business law attorney with Seattle-based Williams Kastner. “A partnership can be formed merely by the act of two or more people agreeing to carry on business and share in the profits and ownership control.”Partnership AgreementsMost partnerships are controlled by contracts known as partnership agreements. Partnership agreements govern matters like:The partnership’s legal name and DBA nameThe partnership’s term – either time-limited or in perpetuityGeneral-purpose of the partnership – the business activities in which it’ll engageInitial contributions of each partner, such as cash and property, and the installment schedule on which those contributions will be madeProcedures for future contributions to the partnershipProcedures for admission of new partnersProcedures for distribution of profits and losses to each partner, including frequency and proportionalityManagement duties of each partnerVoting procedures – which matters require a vote and the number or proportion of votes needed to decide in favorProcedures for the sale or transfer of a partnership interest (buy-sell agreements)Procedures for the expulsion of a partnerProcedures for continuing or dissolving the partnership upon the death of a partner – often included in buy-sell agreementsProcedures for dispute resolution, such as mediation or arbitrationYou can find generic partnership agreement templates online and modify them to your partnership’s needs. However, these templates frequently leave out important eventualities that could affect your interest in the partnership – or the partnership’s very existence – going forward. For instance, a carelessly drafted partnership agreement could allow one partner to unilaterally bind the entire partnership, possibly against the other partners’ wishes.It’s therefore highly advisable to retain an attorney to draw up a customized partnership agreement on your behalf. If your budget doesn’t allow for this at the outset, revisit the situation as soon as possible. Your partner(s) should be amenable to creating a customized partnership agreement to protect their own interests.There are three main types of partnerships. You’ll designate which type of partnership you’ve chosen in the partnership agreement.General PartnershipA general partnership is the most common and straightforward type of partnership. Typically, general partners share equally in the partnership’s profits and liabilities, take on equitable duties, and have equal voting rights. The partnership agreement controls situations in which partners’ interests and duties diverge. For instance, many partnerships assign executive duties to a single managing partner. Others dole out profit shares according to seniority, with longer-serving partners taking a greater share of the entity’s net income.Limited PartnershipA limited partnership (LP), also known as a limited liability partnership, allows for a class of “limited partners” who essentially function as passive investors in the venture. Limited partners have little or no influence on the partnership’s decision-making processes and day-to-day management activities. They are not personally liable for the partnership’s debts or obligations. And they receive profit or loss shares proportional to their interest, which is usually smaller than that of general partners.LPs are more complicated than general partnerships. They are suitable for larger, capital-intensive ventures that attract lots of investors – not so much for small, two- or three-person ventures, which are easier to manage through general partnerships.On the bright side, they’re more discreet than traditional corporations. “The LP agreement is typically a privately signed document,” says Jason Powell, a corporate law attorney at Missoula, Montana-based Bjornson Jones Mungas, PLLC. “[LP agreements are] usually not recorded or available to the public, which allows for anonymity if desired.”Joint VentureA joint venture is a time- and scope-limited general partnership. It’s ideal for one-off projects that require pooled resources, such as commercial real estate development. Partners in a joint venture can convert the enterprise into a traditional general partnership by amending the partnership agreement.Pros of a PartnershipPooled Resources and Shared Responsibilities. Unlike sole proprietors, partners can pool resources without seeking outside investors or taking on debt. They can also share day-to-day management and executive decision-making responsibilities commensurate with their credentials and abilities.No Formal Incorporation Required. Unlike corporations, partnerships aren’t required to file articles of incorporation. For a variety of reasons, most partnerships are governed by written, legally binding partnership agreements to which all partners consent, but these agreements don’t have to be reviewed by or filed with local or state authorities.No Double Taxation. Partnership income is taxed on a pass-through basis. Partnership income is reported on Schedule K-1 (Form 1065), which the partnership must furnish to each partner by the annual deadline. Each partner adds his or her share of the partnership income, as reported on Schedule K-1, to his or her personal income from other sources.Flexible Time Horizon. Partnerships do not necessarily exist in perpetuity. If you need to pool your resources with other investors for a single project or venture, but have no wish to associate with them once the project is completed, you can create a joint venture specifically for that purpose. When the project wraps up, the partnership dissolves, and you and your partners part ways.Cons of a PartnershipPersonal Liability for Business Obligations. As with sole props, the greatest disadvantage of a partnership is personal liability for business debts and obligations. Your share of liability is proportional to your interest in the partnership – if you own 30% of the partnership, you’re responsible for 30% of its liabilities.Potential for Greater Tax Liability. Like sole prop income, partnership income is treated as personal income. If your partnership is profitable, your personal income will increase, potentially raising your marginal tax rate, increasing your overall tax burden, and reducing your usable cash on hand.Requires a Formal Agreement. Though partnerships don’t require formal articles of incorporation, virtually all are governed by partnership agreements. These contracts can be quite complex, and while it’s possible to modify a serviceable template at low cost, it’s expensive to hire an attorney to draft a customized agreement that accounts for the widest possible range of eventualities.Dependent on Human Relationships. Successful partnerships depend on amicable relations between the partners – at least, between general partners. A falling out among partners, for whatever reason, can cripple or destroy an otherwise successful partnership. Before entering into a long-term partnership (as opposed to a joint venture), consider your relations with the other partners carefully and ask yourself whether you can see yourself working with them for years to come. If you’re not sure, think twice.Shared Decision-Making Processes. Successful partnerships also depend on a consensus-driven decision-making process, especially when only two or three partners are involved. If you’re not comfortable talking through decisions with your collaborators, a closely held partnership may not be the best fit.Corporation (C-Corp)A corporation, sometimes known as a C corporation or C-corp, is defined by the Small Business Administration as “an independent legal entity owned by shareholders.”“Creating a corporation is like creating a human being,” says Toor. “Corporations can be sued, sue others, hold property, [and exist within] a partnership.”According to the SBA, “the corporation itself, not the shareholders that own it, is held legally liable for the actions and debts the business incurs.” Compared with sole proprietorships and partnerships, whose members are held personally liable for business debts and activities, this is a major advantage for corporate shareholders.C-corps are subject to greater regulation than partnerships and sole proprietorships. In addition to onerous incorporation requirements, C-corps face ongoing regulatory burdens, such as the requirement that they hold annual shareholder and director meetings. If you’re running a small enterprise with limited overhead, incorporation could be more trouble than it’s worth. Here’s a look at the basic initial and ongoing steps you’ll need to take to set up a C-corp.Incorporation RequirementsCorporations must be formally incorporated with state business authorities, typically the Secretary of State office or equivalent. This requires drawing up and filing articles of incorporation, which include basic information about the entity:Company name and DBARegistered addressName and address of registered agent who handles official correspondenceThe company’s business activities or purposeNames of directors and offersInformation about the issuance of corporate stock, including share count and par valueLimitation of liability (indemnification) of officers and directorsDuration of incorporationDissolution proceduresAdoption of corporate bylaws (operating agreement), if extantYou can find low-cost articles of incorporation templates online. However, as with partnership agreement templates, cookie-cutter articles of incorporation aren’t ideal. It’s better to spend more on custom-drafted articles of incorporation that account for a wider range of eventualities specific to your company.Corporate Operating AgreementsIn addition to articles of incorporation, which are required by law, most corporations are governed by operating agreements or bylaws. These documents spell out in detail the way the corporation is to be governed. Like partnership agreements, they’re not mandated by law, but they’re highly encouraged.Corporate Tax ObligationsUnlike sole props and partnerships, C-corps are not pass-through entities. For tax purposes, they are treated as legally separate entities from their shareholders. They pay federal, state, and sometimes local income tax at corporate rates, which are different than personal income tax rates. They are also subject to different credits and deductions than individual filers. Check with the IRS for more information about corporate tax obligations, including forms required to file.Pros of a CorporationLimited Liability for Owners. As long as the corporate veil is preserved, meaning shareholder and business assets are kept strictly separate (not commingled), C-corp shareholders are not personally liable for the entity’s debts and obligations. They aren’t required to personally guarantee loans or purchases made on credit, and their personal assets can’t be seized to satisfy creditor claims.Easier to Generate Capital. Corporations can raise capital by selling shares of stock (equity). Partnerships that wish to raise funds without taking on debt must take on new partners or compel additional contributions from existing partners. Sole proprietors are even more constrained – they need to dip into their personal savings, borrow against tax-advantaged accounts, ask friends and family members for loans, or pursue other less-than-ideal options.Greater Legitimacy. For better or worse, incorporated entities appear more legitimate to lenders, vendors, and potential customers. This legitimacy can open lucrative doors: loans approved at more favorable terms, discounts or favorable credit arrangements on big-ticket equipment or inventory purchases, and greater credence from sales prospects. For ambitious companies hoping to raise funds from venture capitalists or private equity firms, the C-corp is the gold standard. I spoke with Bryan Clayton, CEO of Nashville-based GreenPal, about his initial choice to incorporate locally as an LLC. “[Incorporating as an LLC] was quick and easy and cheap. We figured it was the best way to get our company up and rolling,” he says. “What we didn’t realize is that an LLC is a no-go for institutional investors. Any outside investors such as private equity, angel investors, or venture capitalists will insist that your company be a…C-corp.” Clayton adds that the incorporation domicile is important too: “Delaware has an abundance of case law that is favorable to corporate structure, investors, and board members,” he says, “and is [therefore] generally accepted as the standard by the investor community.”Built-In Incentives for Employees. Equity is a powerful incentive for current and prospective employees. Corporations frequently reward performance, longevity, and other value-adds with stock or stock options, attracting high-quality employees and incentivizing them to stick around. In partnerships, the possibility of making partners is a comparable incentive, but it’s not practical to offer that carrot to hundreds or thousands of associates. Corporations can offer stock to any employee they like.Cons of a CorporationPotential Tax Disadvantages. C-corps’ shareholder distributions are effectively taxed twice: once at the corporate level, before distributions are made, and again as personal income on shareholders’ personal tax returns. Though corporate income tax rates tend to be lower than individual income tax rates, and most corporations use generous deductions and credits to reduce their tax burdens, that’s not always enough to offset the effects of double taxation.Expensive and Cumbersome to Form. C-corps are expensive and cumbersome to form. Proper incorporation requires substantial legal and financial assistance, especially in heavily regulated industries.Greater Regulatory Burden. Even privately held corporations are subject to greater regulatory burdens than partnerships and sole proprietorships. If insulation from personal liability and greater capital-generation potential don’t outweigh these considerations, look to a lower-key business structure.Lots of Potential Stakeholders. Larger corporations can have hundreds or thousands of individual voting shareholders, all of whom need to be kept informed about the company’s activities and given a voice in the company’s direction. This requires a tremendous investment of financial and human resources. Even in more closely held corporations with tens of voting shareholders, the potential for disagreement is greater than in general partnerships, which usually involve only a handful of egos. As countless clashes between publicly traded firms’ boards and activist investors attest, larger shareholders can cause a lot of trouble when they’re determined to throw their weight around.S Corporation (S-Corp)An S corporation, also known as an S-corp, is a special type of incorporated entity that’s ideal for small to midsize businesses. Like C-corp owners, S-corp owners and shareholders are insulated from personal liability for business debts, obligations, and actions. Unlike C-corps, S-corps are pass-through entities. Their income isn’t subject to corporate income tax – it passes through as distributions to shareholders, who then pay personal income tax at an appropriate rate (usually lower than rates on wage income).Incorporating and operating an S-corp is an intensive process. Like C-corps, S-corps require articles of incorporation filed with the appropriate authorities, as well as annual shareholder meetings. Operating agreements are also strongly encouraged.S-corps have a few noteworthy twists:S Corporation Election: After incorporating, all shareholders must sign and file IRS Form 2553. Known as a Subchapter S election, this establishes the corporation as a pass-through entity subject to certain restrictions. The Subchapter S election must be made within two months and 15 days of the beginning of the tax year to which it applies, or anytime before the beginning of the tax year.Shareholder Compensation: S-corp shareholders who also work as employees – for instance, owner-operators or executives with ownership stakes – must take “reasonable compensation” (salary taxed as wage income) in addition to their profit distributions.Shareholder Restrictions: By law, S-corps can have only 100 shareholders. The potential pool of shareholders is restrictive as well: S-corp shareholders must be U.S. citizens and (in most cases) human beings. With rare exceptions, S-corps can’t be owned by other businesses or legal structures, such as trusts.Stock Restrictions: Unlike C-corps, which can issue common and preferred shares, S-corps can only issue common stock. Common shares represent equity stakes and confer voting rights, widening the pool of shareholders with sway over the company’s decision-making processes.Uneven State Tax Treatment: According to the Small Business Administration, S-corps are treated uniformly under the federal tax code, but they’re subject to varying treatments at the state level. While most states recognize S-corps as pass-through entities, some (such as New York and New Jersey) tax S-corps’ profits and shareholders’ income from said profits. If you live in a state that treats S-corps differently than the federal government, you may need to file an additional state form.This blog post from Wyoming LLC Attorney has more on the differences between S-corps and C-corps – it’s required reading for entrepreneurs deciding between the two.Pros of an S CorporationLimited Liability for Owners. Like C-corps, S-corps limit shareholder liability. As an S-corp shareholder, you’re not required to personally guarantee loans made to the business or expose personal assets to creditor seizure.No Double Taxation. Like sole proprietorships, S-corps are pass-through entities. Unlike C-corps, S-corps are not subject to corporate income tax. By extension, S-corp shareholders are permitted to deduct their firms’ losses, if any, from their personal income. “Most businesses initially lose money,” says Toor. “S-Corps may help lessen the blow of operating at a loss [because] S-Corp shareholders can deduct corporate losses on their personal tax returns.”Easier to Raise Capital. As corporations, S-corps can raise capital by selling stock. Though they’re permitted to issue common stock only, they still have more flexibility to raise capital on favorable terms than sole proprietorships and partnerships.Greater Legitimacy. Like C-corps, S-corps are incorporated entities, with all the legitimacy that entails. However, S-corps aren’t ideal for institutional investors, so you may need to reincorporate down the line before seeking outside equity funding.Cons of an S CorporationSize of Ownership Class Is Limited. S-corps can’t have more than 100 individual (human) shareholders. If you need to raise lots of capital from a wide investor pool, C-corp status is a better fit.Potentially Expensive to Incorporate and Operate. Like C-corps, S-corps are expensive and cumbersome to incorporate. They have high ongoing operating costs and burdens, such as the annual shareholder meeting requirement. And S-corp shareholders have to worry about another wrinkle: the annual Subchapter S election. C-corp shareholders can disregard that one.Reasonable Compensation Requirements. Since wage income is taxed at a higher rate than the “reasonable compensation” requirement, this raises S-corp shareholder-employees overall tax burden.Greater Record-Keeping and Regulatory Burden. Like C-corps, S-corps have greater record-keeping and regulatory burdens than sole props and partnerships. If the costs of increased compliance outweigh the benefits, a simpler structure is probably right for you.Shareholders Must Be U.S. Citizens. S-corp shareholders must be U.S. citizens. If you’d like to start a business with noncitizens living in the U.S. on visas, you need to choose another structure.Limited Liability Company (LLC)Extant only since 1977, the limited liability company (LLC) model is the newest common business structure available to U.S. business owners. By some measures, it’s the most flexible.“LLCs are hybrids between corporations and a partnership,” says Toor. “LLC members have the same rights and limited liability of shareholders in a corporation, and LLCs themselves have the added benefit of being treated like a partnership for tax treatment.”Tax TreatmentAccording to the IRS, LLCs can be classified as corporations, partnerships, or sole proprietorships (disregarded entities) for tax purposes. The classification depends on the number of members (shareholders) and those members’ stated preferences (elections).By default, one-member (single-member) LLCs are treated as disregarded entities, with pass-through business income recorded on members’ personal tax returns (Schedule C or C-EZ). Single-member LLCs can file taxes using members’ Social Security numbers – no EINs required.LLCs with two or more members are treated as partnerships, regardless of the number of members. However, any LLC – including single-member LLCs – can elect to be treated as a corporation for tax purposes. And even disregarded entities are treated as separate corporate entities for certain tax purposes, such as employment and excise taxes.Filing and Regulatory RequirementsLike C-corps and S-corps, LLCs are required by law to file articles of incorporation with the appropriate state authorities. Operating agreements are strongly encouraged as well. According to the SBA, state law often leaves LLCs vulnerable to member losses – for instance, when a member dies or resigns from a multimember LLC, the LLC dissolves, and the remaining members must elect to form a new LLC if they wish to remain in business together. Capable business attorneys can draft detailed operating agreements that account for common (and not-so-common) eventualities like this.Going forward, LLCs’ regulatory burdens are lighter than S-corps’ or C-corps’. “The main difference between an LLC and S corporation is operational flexibility,” says Brian Thompson, a Chicago-based CPA, and business attorney. “LLCs are not subject to the requirement of an annual shareholders’ meeting or annual directors’ meeting.”By watching this video anyone can get the idea of forming an LLC for their small business.Pros of an LLCLimited Liability for Owners. Like S-corp and C-corp shareholders, LLC members are not personally liable for the enterprise’s debts and obligations.Lower Regulatory Requirements. Compared with S-corps and C-corps, LLCs have more manageable regulatory requirements. While articles of incorporation are required and operating agreements strongly encouraged, ongoing record-keeping and reporting requirements aren’t as onerous.Can Avoid Double Taxation. As pass-through entities, LLCs aren’t subject to corporate income tax.Can Request S-Corp Status for Tax Purposes. Like C-corps, LLCs can request S-corp status by filing a Subchapter S election within the first two months and 15 days of the tax year. Depending on the entity owners’ duties and employee status, this can lead to a more favorable tax situation for shareholders. For more information about how a Subchapter S election could affect your LLC’s tax status and your personal tax liability (state and federal), consult a local tax advisor.Shareholders Can Be Non-U.S. Citizens. Non-U.S. citizens can be shareholders in LLCs. This is an important advantage over S-corps, whose shareholder ranks are closed to noncitizens.Corporations and Other Entities Can Be Shareholders. Unlike S-corps, LLCs don’t restrict membership to human beings. Corporations, trusts, partnerships, and other legal entities can own shares in LLCs. This is a crucial consideration for more complex ventures, which frequently utilize LLC subsidiaries to manage financial and legal risk.Cons of an LLCMembers Are Considered Self-Employed. For tax purposes, LLC members are considered self-employed. Like sole proprietors, they’re on the hook for self-employment tax – the employer’s share of Medicare and Social Security tax.Potential for Greater Tax Liability. If your LLC income is taxed on a pass-through basis, you can avoid double taxation. However, if the enterprise is profitable, you may still find yourself subject to a higher marginal rate and greater overall tax burden.Final WordMost new U.S. enterprises choose one of these five common business structures. I’ve included a lot of information about each here, but if you’re serious about launching a business and need firm guidance on the right structure for your needs, I’d recommend speaking with a business attorney.And, one more thing. There’s a sixth type of business structure not mentioned here: the cooperative.According to the Small Business Administration, a cooperative “is a business or organization owned by and operated for the benefit of those using its services. Profits and earnings generated by the cooperative are distributed among the members, also known as user-owners.”Cooperatives are more commonplace than many consumers realize, especially in the food business. Hundreds of thousands of U.S. consumers regularly shop at grocery cooperatives – member-owned grocery stores that often specialize in organic or natural foods. Millions purchase food products from massive agricultural cooperatives, often without realizing it. Land O’Lakes, a popular consumer dairy brand, is a multibillion-dollar cooperative. Though less recognizable to the average grocery shopper, CHS is even larger, more diversified, and more influential.All that said, starting a cooperative is very difficult. I’ve been personally involved with two cooperatives and can attest firsthand to the sheer amount of manpower and force of will necessary to get one off the ground. In certain circumstances, a cooperative may be the best business structure for your needs, but it’s not a one- or two-person project.