Foundations And Trusts In International Estate Planning: Fill & Download for Free

Solid marketing and Steve Bannon’s “Bottom Third Strategy.”Imagine you’re a decent white guy. Not necessarily valedictorian, but a smart guy, a good guy, and a hard worker. Absolutely not a racist. You’re not a political partisan—you’ve voted for some Republicans and some Democrats in your life—but you’re totally sick of corruption in Washington. You pay your dues, raise a family, and start looking forward to retirement.Then, in 2008, the bottom suddenly falls out of the economy. Your 401k crashes, you go underwater on your mortgage. You lose your job and your pension. You’re terrified. Somebody dropped the ball. Somebody has to pay.Meanwhile, there’s panic on Wall Street, and not just because Lehman Brothers collapsed. Many bankers are scared because if working-class and middle-class Americans figure out how the billionaire trust funders have been rigging the tax code, real estate fraudsters have been lying and manipulating the real estate markets and the casino bankers have been gambling with your pension and 401k money, they’ll want billionaire heads to roll.This was a crisis that the trust-funders and real estate fraudsters—oops, I mean “job creators”— absolutely had to prevent!And, with a little bit of razzle-dazzle, they could. They could get Joe Six-Pack back on their side.Along came Rick Santelli. One morning in January 2009, the CNBC bond and commodities analyst made a speech on the floor of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange that went viral. He ranted to the brand-new president, Barack Obama, that if he passes a proposed bailout of the “loser” taxpayers who were stupid enough to take out sub-prime loans, there would be a “Tea Party” revolt. (No, the Tea Party didn’t start as a grassroots protest by fed-up taxpayers, despite what Fox says. It was started in early 2009 by commodity traders at the top corporate financial news program on cable TV. The fed-up taxpayers were the dupes, as always.)Oh, and those sub-prime loans that so angered poor Rick Santelli? Banks were grotesquely incentivized by financial gamblers to strong-armed “losers” into taking out toxic mortgages, using a heck of a lot of fraud, so they could get huge commissions and the casino bankers could bundle the sub-primes into gold-plated turds called “asset-backed securities” that they could sell for big profits to your pension funds, gambling that home prices would keep going up forever, and fueling the 2007–2008 crash. Once everyone else started to see that these investments were shit, the Wall Street gamblers made billions more betting AGAINST them. Oh, you couldn’t get in on that bet? Darn.Heads they win, tails we lose.Of course, that’s not the story you heard on Fox Money. Their version is that losers on welfare (include tens of thousands of veterans) were swept up in nefarious Democrat plan to force poor old Citibank to give them all mortgages to buy six-bedroom houses they didn’t need.The real estate fraudsters couldn’t believe their luck. Everyone was buying Santelli’s rant! The corporate media played it over and over, from “leftist MSNBC” to “fair and balanced Fox News.” (Think Trump won “despite” the “leftist media”?)Now the big banks and mortgage scammers had a scapegoat: the “losers.”It turns out it’s super easy to make folks hate the “lesser haves.” Don’t worry about the guys at the top of the ladder—worry about the guys on the next rung down. They’re the socialists that are being paid by George Soros to take your job. They’re the real scammers who want something for nothing, not us! (It can’t possibly be that the guys on the next rung down are hard workers trying to provide for their families and who are just as disgusted as you are by the trust-funders who scam their way out of the army and into the Ivy League.)Lo and behold, the bankers got their bailouts and bonuses, and the “losers” got squat. All you had to do was make angry sounds on TV! The Tea Party was a huge success, and tons of corporate money poured in from bankers and billionaires who would like to continue writing their own laws (thanks Citizens United!). The “losers” didn’t have much of a Twitter presence, so they could hardly fight back.Santelli started it, but Trump campaign chairman Steve Bannon took anti-loserism up a notch with the “Bottom Third Strategy” that plowed through the 2016 election (or, as Bannon calls it publicly, “economic nationalism” or the “populist revolution”). Bannon’s target demographic was the 30–40% American voters who are A) white, and B) in the bottom two demographic categories of educational attainment: without a college degree and without a high school diploma.The message for this target group was simple: the bankers (like Bannon, an ex-Goldman Sachs banker, Hollywood producer, and Saudi Arabian agent) and real-estate developers (guess who) weren’t to blame. In fact, all the rigged games they’d been playing weren’t scams at all. They were what made America great! (Now show the people something shiny, like your supermodel wife and private airplane.) Success! Trump doesn’t dodge his taxes because the system is rigged for trust fund billionaires like him, he’s just way smarter than you losers!In fact, anyone trying to change the rules of the game—to make them even remotely fair—was not just a loser, but also a “leftist,” a “socialist,” and (believe it or not) a “globalist elite” of the “administrative Deep State.” (When you hear “Deep State,” think “competent professionals who might hold corrupt insiders accountable.” Precisely the opposite of what they tell the Bottom Third.)Bannon knew that, for decades, politicians on both the left and the right had been expecting way too much of the American people. He knew that what his Russian friends had been telling him for decades was true: Americans are lazy, stupid, and extremely easy to manipulate if you can just distract and entertain them. Then they’ll happily let you steal them blind.Conservatives said: if things aren’t going your way, it’s because you’re not working hard enough and taking advantage of America’s great opportunities. Take responsibility for yourself. Liberals said: if things aren’t going your way, it’s because the system is rigged for the lazy rich who inherit all their wealth instead of building it. Take responsibility for building a better system.Bannon and Trump had a better idea. Let’s stop expecting Americans to take responsibility for stuff. If thing’s aren’t going your way, it must be because of dirty refugees without any money or connections who barely speak the language.A lazy, entitled, emotionally immature, semi-literate, draft and tax-dodging rich boy couldn’t be the poster boy for hard work or intelligent reform, so why not dazzle them with scapegoats and beauty queens? We already know how much America loves idiotic reality shows like “The Bachelor” and “The Apprentice,” so how can we lose?They were right.And don’t think the liberals were all heroes in this scheme. They had a toxic, shouty minority of their own, without whom Bannon’s “anti-loserism” message could never have worked.Smug “social justice warrior” liberals added insult to injury by telling the white working class—whose wages had been stagnating or declining for decades—that they were losing a game that was actually rigged in their favor. It’s not hard to understand why so many working Americans might prefer a sleazy, tax- and draft-dodging sociopath who at least tells them they’re winners to a party that makes them feel like both losers AND cheaters.Now, not everyone bought Donny Bullshit’s gold spray-painted garbage. The vast majority of Americans with college degrees (whether they’re conservative, libertarian, or liberal) saw through the messaging, because they know how a strong capitalist economy actually works. It is a powerful system of rules-based competition, trust, transparency, and controlled risk that rewards smart, hard-working entrepreneurs and drives real market-based innovation. It is NOT a coke-fueled game of Russian Roulette run by trust-fund brats and slimy, self-promoting frauds who pay off their team of lawyers, lobbyists, and politicians to write the rules for them.But Steve Bannon didn’t need them. He realized that, to win elections, all you need is the “unified bottom third.” Over-educated liberals and conservatives have a tendency to overthink things, overfeel things, and tear their own movements apart (usually by acting like smug assholes). The bottom third, though, were steady, and they rarely look beyond the messaging they see on TV.Even though folks like Bannon, Trump, and Mnuchin were not in the Bottom Third (Bannon and Mnuchin are in the globalist ultra-elite of both Wall Street AND Hollywood), they could easily connect with their targets based on flimsiest thread that tied them together: their “patriotism.” The guys who want to take away the tax breaks for Ivanka’s inheritance? America-hating, success-hating socialists.The Bottom Third strategy was perfected by Internet scammers over a decade ago. Know why those e-mails from billionaire Nigerian princes contain so many spelling errors? It’s not because the scammers are semi-literate, it’s because their targets are. Misspelled subject lines, like misspelled MAGA memes, are great filters. They are quickly dismissed by educated people, so those folks won’t stick around to expose the scam. The scam doesn’t actually work if you use reason, evidence, and grammatical sentences. You just have to dazzle the folks who are easy to dazzle.Through Cambridge Analytica, Bannon targeted those Americans who are particularly open to authoritarian messaging, such as the religious right. This strategy was essential to diverting anger away from the powers that be, or—even better—persuading them that obeying billionaire bankers and real-estate barons was actually heroic. (BTW, since his victory in the US, Bannon has now turned his attention to a new fun project: reviving the authoritarian nationalistic Catholic right wing in Europe that formed the ideological and political foundation of 20th century fascism in Italy and national socialism in Germany. As you might recall, that didn’t turn out so well for anyone the last time it was tried.)If the Bottom Third is feeling scared and their lives are feeling more and more desperate, it’s easy to convince them it’s because of the black leftist (probably secretly Muslim and not even American) in the Oval Office who probably only got elected because of—Chicago thuggery? Yeah, that’ll work. And if it’s not because of him, it must be because of the dirty immigrants who have no tax accountants or rich daddies. THEY’RE the folks the system is totally rigged for. Or it’s because of some insane criminal Deep State conspiracy (Vince Foster? Uranium One? Benghazi? Emails?) that Hillary is masterminding. (Evidence of existence, let alone criminality, is not necessary. They won’t even question it.)This fact-free “up-is-down” marketing worked like a charm as long as it was entertaining, and today the Bottom Third outrage media machine is running at full tilt. The most popular cable news channel and national newspaper chains are fully on board. (You can watch it yourself. Next time a lazy rich Trump crony is caught self-dealing, stealing, sex-trafficking, defrauding, or rigging the game, turn on Fox News to watch the focus shift to nameless, penniless foreigners or smug college liberals.) Twitter is Trump’s bitch. The Russian troll farms supply steady income to Putin’s nihilist millennials. (You might be able to see some of their handiwork in this thread if you look for it.)If Rick Santelli is the Paul Revere of the Bottom Third Revolution and Steve Bannon is its Thomas Paine, Donald Trump is its George Washington. The spokesman for the bankrupt Trump Mortgage, LLC is the master of all the skills the Bottom Third Strategy requires: turd-gilding, TV grandstanding, punching down, cheating the little guy, race baiting, scamming, bullying “losers,” taking credit for the work of others, and lying as easily as he breathes. (And, contrary to popular belief, he actually did hold a very important elective office prior to the presidency.)He’s the only one brave enough to say, “None of your problems are your fault, and they are certainly not the fault of our beautiful bankers or real estate developers. They’re the fault of the Mexicans, the Muslims, the dirty asylum seekers, and, of course, those “globalist socialist elites” in Washington, whoever they are. (It doesn’t matter; they won’t check.) Plus, he’s got tons of awesome real estate advice! Did your property values crash in 2008? Well then you’re just a loser, because you didn’t have a pipeline to Putin’s kleptocrats who need to offshore their stolen money. (The technical term is money laundering, and for losers like you and me, it would be a felony.)Apparently, Steve Bannon was right, and his Bottom Third has absolutely no problem buying into this insane narrative. (Especially with the helpful propaganda from Fox and conspiracy radio.) As we all learned in high school, we can always count on a third of the kids not to do the homework. The folks who tried to rein in the out-of-control financial industry and who saved the collapsing American automobile industry and its 7.25 million jobs (Barack Obama, Elizabeth Warren, Barney Frank, Bernie Sanders, Steve Rattner, et al) are really “loony lefties” in the “administrative state.” (Remember how Obama nationalized all of the hospitals under Obamacare and turned General Motors into a state-run communist collective? Yeah, me neither.)But that guy from TV who cheats on his taxes, hides behind American bankruptcy courts (6 times now and counting), started receiving his $480 million inheritance when he was 3 years old, steals money from his own family “charity” to buy a giant portrait of himself, hides his tax returns, and has never done a hard day’s work in his life? Yeah, that guy’s totally got your back.Don’t believe the Trump administration is in the pocket of the predatory banks? Just Google Mick Mulvaney. Don’t think the legal system is rigged for rich frauds like Trump? Try doing subcontractor work for TrumpCo. See if the legal system helps you recover your money when Trump only pays you 1/3 of what he owes you and tells you to sue for the rest.The success of Bannon’s “Bottom Third” Strategy is indisputable. His company, Cambridge Analytica “microtargeted” this group relentlessly on social media (by harvesting and weaponizing personal Facebook data without asking permission), and the results speak for themselves:The importance of Cambridge Analytica’s manipulation campaign can hardly be overstated. Trump won the 2016 election by 70,000 swing votes in a few swing states. Cambridge Analytica harvested 30 MILLION certified voters through Facebook, and targeted them with fake news tailored to their individually profiled fears and trigger points. Even if these fake stories worked only one time out of every 300, that was enough. For the Bottom Third, it was The Truman Show times 30,000,000. (Think “Lock Her Up (TM),” “Crooked Hillary (TM),” “Deep State (TM)” and “Drain the Swamp (TM)” were spontaneous memes from the brilliant mind of DJT? Think again.) The Trump campaign fed them exactly what it wanted them to hear, whether it was true or not. If you were an NRA member, it was how Hillary wants to eliminate the Second Amendment. If you were an elderly Catholic, it was how she wants to rip third trimester babies from their mothers’ wombs. If you were libertarian, it was wild exaggerations about “big government” under Hillary. If you were a millennial liberal, it was how she stabbed Bernie in the back. Trump, the master of cheap labor trafficking, did it again: people from across the political spectrum happily shared his memes in their own personal outrage-amplifying social media echo chambers. For free. (Just wakin’ up the sheeple.) Putin’s pathetic cyber campaign investigated by Mueller was a drop in the bucket by comparison.As H. L. Mencken said, “No one has ever gone broke underestimating the intelligence of the American public.” Donald Trump and the American kleptocracy needed another bailout, and the Bottom Third gave it to them from their own pockets as they cheered in their red hats. Trump and the Republicans then promptly turned around and gave the casino bankers and trust funders (not to mention the Trump Family and Trump’s “Golden Cabinet”) the biggest handout in history, with top-tier tax cuts and the doubling of the Estate Tax exemption. And the Bottom Third didn’t even squeal. Big cuts to my Social Security and health care? Bring ’em on, as long as it hurts the guy on the next rung down. Apparently, that’s how you “stick it to Hillary and the elites.”Trump loyalists love that he is “a great businessman.” It’s part of the act. I just happen to live in the town where Ivanka and her brothers grew up. Coincidentally, it’s also the town where George H. W. Bush was born and raised. (Oddly enough, it’s also just 10 miles from where Bill and Hillary currently live.) It’s also the CEO capital of the world. By all accounts, it’s where American blue-blood conservatism and business leadership is manufactured.But it also just happens to be the world headquarters for the WWE. Of the dozens of Fortune 500 CEOs he could have chosen among my neighbors, guess which one Trump chose for his cabinet? (Hint: she also was the biggest contributor to the Trump Foundation, which was recently exposed as a corrupt family slush fund and consequently shut down. Gotta pay to play, I guess.) None of it makes any sense until you realize it’s all a razzle-dazzle show to exploit Steve Bannon’s target audience.Most of the CEOs I know are smart, honest, decent, hard-working people, and genuinely good parents. They have no tolerance for the Wall Street gamblers (because they’re careless) and trust funders (because they’re lazy). They mistrust Trump because he’s both. They care about the people on the lower rungs and want to lift them up, not just find new ways to rip them off. They know the difference between building a business and mere self-promotion. They are disgusted by Trump’s efforts to hide his taxes and keep his finances above the law. A strong company doesn’t hide its numbers.They also care about the American brand, and know that it takes more to maintain it than wearing red caps with slogans. Since Trump took office, we’ve dropped below all of our chief competitors on the gold standard of international reputation, the Anholt-GfK Roper Nation Brands Index, for the first time since George W. Bush left office. This means less influence, less investment, less credibility, and less power. (See What do business people think of Donald Trump?)If you are sickened by how Trump and Bannon have degraded the American brand, poisoned our conversations, and normalized self-dealing and corruption, don’t take it out on the people they exploit, or even those who support the Republican Party for other reasons. Calling Trump supporters racist or stupid, or referring to them as a “cult,” only hurts the country and further divides us. Don’t just laugh when they say that the reality TV trust fund billionaire on his third wife is “just a regular guy who gets me.” Don’t just roll your eyes when they repeat his idiotic and cruel rally memes. And don’t fall into the “Who’s a bigger liar, Hillary or Donald?” trap.Talk to them about the things that bind us as Americans—a love of justice, competence, fairness, strength, decency, prosperity, and freedom. I’ll bet most Trump supporters value those things as highly as you do. Convince them that you’re on the same team trying to really make America great.

Raghuram Rajan​Schooling :Delhi Public School ,RK PuramGraduation :IIT Delhi (B Tech),May 1985Post Graduation :IIM Ahmedabad (MBA), March 1987PhD :MIT Sloan School of Management,May 1991.Employment :-Assistant Professor of Finance,Graduate school of business,University of Chicago,July 1991-95.Professor of Finance,Graduate school of business,University of Chicag,1995-96.Bertil Danielsson Visiting Professor of Banking,Stockholm School of Economics,1996-97.Visiting Professor of Finance,Kellog School,Northwestern University,1996-97.Joseph L . Gidwits Professor of Finance, Graduate School of Business,University of Chicago,1997-2003.Fischer Black Visiting Professor,MIT Sloan School of Management,2000-01Economic Counselor and Director of Research,International Monetary Fund, 2003-2006.Chairman of the High Level Committee on Financial Sector Reforms,India,2007-2008.Economic Advisor to the Prime Minister of India (Honorary),2008-2012Chief Economic Advisor,Finance Ministry,Government of India,2012-2013.Eric J. Gleacher Distinguished service Professor of Finance,Graduate School of Business,University of Chicago,2006-2013.Governor,Reserve Bank of India,September 2013-till today.Awards and Accolades:Fischer Black Prize by the American Finance Association in 2003Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences,2009Brenhard Harms Prize,Kiel Institute for International Economics,2010Financial Times Business Book of the Year award for “How Hidden Cracks Still Threaten the World Economy” in 2010.Globan Indian of the year Award, NASSCOM,2011Infosys Prize for the Economic Science,2012Deutsche Bank Prize in Economics,Centre for Finance Studies,2013Books:Fault Lines: How Hidden Fractures Still Threaten the World Economy, published in 2010,has won the Financial Times and Goldman Sachs Business Book of the Year Award for 2010.Saving Capitalism from the Capitalists, was co-authored with fellow Chicago Booth professor Luigi Zingales and published in 2004.Publications:-The American Economic Review, Journal of Economic Perspectives, Journal of Political Economy, Journal of Financial Economics, Journal of Finance and Oxford Review of Economic Policy.The True Lessons of the Recession; The West Can’t Borrow and Spend Its Way to Recovery by Rajan in May/June 2012 Foreign AffairsSelected Extra-Curricular:BDT Capital Partners LLC, Senior Advisor (until 2012)Booz & Co., Senior Advisor (until 2012)Bank Itaú-Unibanco, International Advisory Board Member (until 2012)Comptroller General of the United States, Advisory Council Member (former)FDIC Systemic Resolution Advisory Committee, Member (former)Chicago Council on Global Affairs, Director (no renumeration)American Finance Association, President (2011)American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Member (no renumeration)Selected Research:“The Future of the IMF and the World Bank”, American Economic Review 98(2) (May 2008), 110-115.“Has Finance Made the World Riskier?”, European Financial Management 12(4) (September 2006), 499-533.“India’s Pattern of Development: What Happened, What Follows?” (with Kalpana Kochhar, Utsav Kumar, Arvind Subramanian, and Ioannis Tokatlidis), Journal of Monetary Economics 53 (February 2006), 981-1019.“Essays on Banking” PhD thesis, MIT (1991)Edit 1:-Shrikant Jichkar​20 post-graduate University Degrees to his credit.He Began as a Medical Doctor (MBBS and MD )He did his Law (LL.B.) with Post-graduation in International Law (LL.M.)He did his Masters in Business Administration (DBM and MBA) and in Journalism (B.Journ).He did his Masters in ten subjects.M.A. (Public Administration ;M.A. (Sociology) ;M.A. (Economics);M.A. (Sanskrit);M.A. (History);M.A.(English Literature);M.A. (Philosophy);M.A. (Political Science) ;M.A. (Ancient Indian History, Culture and Archaeology);M.A (Psychology).He got his D. Litt (Doctor of Letters) in Sanskrit , the highest of any Degree in a University.Most of his Degrees are with First Merit and he obtained 28 Gold Medals. Between 1972 and 1990 he has written 42 University Examinations each every summer and every winter.Dr. Shrikant Jichkar was a man of staggering academic, professional and spiritual achievement. Looking at his achievement one may be pardoned for thinking it to be incredulous."Limca Book of Records lists him as the most qualified person in India."Extra CurricularHe had one of the biggest personal libraries in India with 52,000 books.Jichkar was also an academician, painter, professional photographer, and stage actor.AdministrationIn 1978 he wrote the IPS (Indian Police Service) examination and got into it, resigned.He then wrote the prestigious IAS (Indian Administrative Services) examination in 1980 and got into it, resigned in four months to contest his first general election.Politics :-In 1980 he was elected to Maharashtra Legislative Assemble becoming the youngest MLA in the country at 25.He became a very powerful government Minister holding 14 portfolios at a time.He has been member of Maharashtra Legislative Assembly (1982–85),Maharashtra Legislative Council (1986–92)Minister of State, Government of Maharashtra.He was also a member of Rajya Sabha (1992–98)."On June 2, 2004,evening, he succumbed to death after his car, a Mitsubishi Lancer slammed into an oncoming bus at Dhamana Shivar on National Highway 6, about 40 kilometres west of Nagpur"Edit 2 :-Benjamin Bradley Bolger​Bolger is a visiting assistant professor in sociology at the College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia.Degrees :1992 — Muskegon Community College (Associate of Arts)1994 — University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Bachelor of Arts in sociology)1997 — University of Oxford (Master of Science in sociology)1998 — University of Cambridge(Master of Philosophy in sociology and politics of modern society)2000 — Stanford University (Master of Arts in education)2001 — Columbia University (Master of Arts in politics of education)2002 — Columbia University (Master of Science in real estate development)2002 — Harvard University (Master of Design in urban planning and real estate)2004 — Brown University (Master of Arts in developmental studies)2004 — Dartmouth College (Master of Arts in liberal arts2007 — Brandeis University (Master of Arts in coexistence and conflict)2007 — Skidmore College (Master of Arts in liberal studies)2008 — Harvard University (Doctor of Design in urban planning and real estate)2014 — Ashland University (Master of Fine Arts in creative writing)He has also completed some coursework at Yale University (JD in law, 1994) and Boston College (MA in higher education, 2004).Extra CurricularBolger runs a "boutique academic consulting" business named "Bolger Strategic" in which he charges between $500 and $7,500 to assist prospective graduate students apply to graduate school.Edit 3:This should've been the first CV to be mentioned in my answer but didn't mention as it was the first answer to this question but got collapsed due to poor formatting so copying the content here to make everyone aware about Manmohan Singh.DR MANMOHAN SINGH(FORMER PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA )Academic Records :1962 D. Phil., Nuffield College, University of Oxford. Topic: India’s Export Trends and Prospects for Self-Sustained Growth. [Published by Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1964]1957 Economic Tripos [First Class honors], University of Cambridge.1954 M.A. Economics, Punjab University – First Class with first position in the University.1952 B.A. Economics (Hons.), Punjab University – Second Class with first position in the University.1950 Intermediate, Punjab University – First Class with first position in the University1948 Matriculation, Punjab University – First classPrizes and Awards2000 Conferred Annasaheb Chirmule Award by the W.LG. alias Annasaheb Chirmule Trust set up by United Western Bank Limited, Satara, Maharashtra1999 Received H.H. Kanchi Sri Paramacharya Award for Excellence from Shri R. Venkataraman, former President of India and Patron, The Centenarian Trust1999 Received H.H. Kanchi Sri Paramacharya Award for Excellence from Shri R. Venkataraman, former President of India and Patron, The Centenarian Trust1999 Fellow of the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, New Delhi.1997 Conferred Lokmanya Tilak Award by the Tilak Smarak Trust, Pune1997 Received Justice K.S. Hegde Foundation Award for the year 19961997 Awarded Nikkei Asia prize for Regional Growth by the Nihon Keizai Shimbun Inc. (NIKKEI), publisher of Japan’s leading business daily1996 Honorary Professor, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi1995 Jawaharlal Nehru Birth Centenary Award of the Indian Science Congress Association for 1994-951994 Asia-money Award, Finance Minister of the Year1994 Elected Distinguished Fellow, London School of Economics, Center for Asia Economy, Politics and Society1994 Elected Honorary Fellow, Nuffield College, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.1994 Honorary Fellow, All India Management Association1993 Euromoney Award, Finance Minister of the year1993 Asiamoney Award, Finance Minister of the Year1987 Padma Vibhushan Award by the President of India1986 National Fellow, National Institute of Education, N.C.E.R.T.1985 Elected President, Indian Economic Association1982 Elected as Honorary Fellow, St. John’s College, Cambridge.1982 Elected as Honorary Fellow, Indian Institute of Bankers1976 Honorary Professor, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi1957 Elected as Wrenbury Scholar, University of Cambridge, U.K.1955 Distinguished Performance at St. John’s College, CambridgeU.K. Awarded with Wright’s Prize1956 Awarded with Adam Smith Prize, University of Cambridge, U.K.1954 Uttar Chand Kapur Medal, Punjab University, for standing first in M.A. (Economics), Punjab University, Chandigarh1952 University Medal for standing First in B.A. Hon. (Economics), Panjab University, Chandigarh.Recipient of Honorary Degrees of D. Litt. from :Punjab University, ChandigarhGuru Nanak University, AmritsarDelhi University, DelhiSri Venkateswara University, TirupathiUniversity of Bologna, ItalyUniversity of Mysore, MysoreKurukshetra UniversityThapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala (D.Sc)Nagarjuna University, gunturOsmania University, HyderabadUniversity of Roorkee, Roorkee (Doctor of Social Sciences)Doctor of Laws, University of Alberta, Edmonton, CanadaDr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University (formerly Agra University) - Doctor Letters degreeIndian School of Mines, Dhanbad (Deemed University) D.Sc. (Honoris Causa)Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, RaipurWork Experience and Other positions heldMay 22, 2004 – 2014 Prime minister of IndiaMarch 21, 1998 – May 22,2004: Leader of Opposition, Rajya Sabha (Council of States) Parliament of IndiaJune, 2001: Re-elected as member of Rajya Sabha for a term of six yearsAugust 1, 1996 - Dec 4, 1997: Chairman, Parliamentary Standing Committee in Commerce, Rajya SabhaJune 21, 1991- May 15, 1996: Finance Minister of IndiaJune, 1995: Re-elected Member of Rajya Sabha for six yearsSeptember, 1991: Elected Member of Rajya SabhaMarch 1991-June 1991: Chairman, University Grants CommissionDec 1990 – March 1991: Adviser to Prime Minister of India on Economic AffairsAugust 1987 – Nov 1990: Commissioner, South Commission Secretary GeneralJan 1985- July 1987: Dy. Chairman, Planning Commission of IndiaSept 1982 – Jan 1985: Governor, Reserve Bank of IndiaApril 1980 – Sept 1982: Member-Secretary, Planning Commission, IndiaNov.1976 – April 1980: Secretary, Ministry of Finance Dept. of Economic Affairs, Government of India Member [Finance], Atomic Energy Commission, Govt. of India Member [Finance], Space Commission, Govt. of India1972 – 1976: Chief Economic Adviser, Ministry of Finance, India1971 – 1972: Economic Adviser, Ministry of Foreign Trade, India1969 – 1971: Professor of International Trade, Delhi School of Economics, Delhi University, India1966 – 1969: UNCTAD, United Nations Secretariat, New York Chief, Financing for Trade Section 1966 : Economic Affairs Officer1957 – 1965 : Punjab University, Chandigarh1963-65 : Professor of Economics1959-63 : Reader in Economics1957-59:Senior Lecturer in EconomicsOther AssignmentsLeader of the Indian delegation to the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting, Cyprus (1993)Leader of the Indian delegation to the Human Rights World Conference, Vienna (1993)Governor of India on the Board of Governors of the IMF and the International Bank of Reconstruction & Development (1991-95)Appointed by Prime Minister of India as Member, Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister (1983- 84)Chairman, India Committee of the Indo-Japan ;Joint Study Committee (1980-83)Leader: Indian delegation to :Indo-Soviet Monitoring Group Meeting (1982)Indo-Soviet Joint Planning Group Meeting (1980-82)Aid India Consortium Meetings (1977-79)Member: Indian delegation to :South-South Consultation, New Delhi (1982)Cancun Summit on North-South Issues (1981)Aid-India Consortium Meetings, Paris (1973-79)Annual Meetings of IMF, IBRD & Commonwealth Finance Ministers (1972-79)Third Session of UNCTAD, Santiago (April-May 1972)Meetings of UNCTAD Trade & Development Board, Geneva (May 1971 – July 1972)Ministerial Meeting of Group of 77, Lima (Oct.1971)Deputy for India on IMF Committee of Twenty on International Monetary Reform (1972 – 74)Associate, Meetings of IMF Interim Committee and Joint Fund-Bank Development Committee (1976-80,1982-85)Alternate Governor for India, Board of Governors of IBRD (1976-80)Alternate Governor for India, Board of Governors of the IMF (1982-85)Alternate Governor for India, Board of Governors, Asian Development Bank, Manila (1976-80)Director, Reserve Bank of India (1976-80)Director, Industrial Development Bank of India (1976-80)Participated in Commonwealth Prime Ministers Meeting, Kingston (1975)Represented Secretary General UNCTAD at several inter-governmental meetings including:Second Session of UNCTAD, 1968Committee on Invisibles & Financing Related to Trade, Consultant to UNCTAD, ESCAPCommonwealth SecretariatMember, International OrganizationsAppointed as Member by the Secretary-General, United Nations of a Group of Eminent Persons to advise him on Financing for Development (December, 2000)PublicationsAuthor of book “India’s Export Trends and Prospects Self-Sustained for Growth” [Clarendon Press, Oxford University, 1964]Large number of articles in economic journalsSources :-http://www.braingainmag.com/a-profile-of-india-s-newest-rbi-governor.htmhttp://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raghuram_Rajanhttp://faculty.chicagobooth.edu/raghuram.rajan/vitae/CV.pdfhttps://www.ifk-cfs.de/fileadmin/downloads/dbprize/2013/Rajan_CV_for_media_Sep2013.pdfhttp://www.vedicforum.com/articles-and-research/dr-shrikant-jichkar-and-his-degrees/http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrikant_Jichkarhttp://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Bolgerhttp://praneshguru.blogspot.in/2011/02/biography-of-manmohan-singh-manmohan.htmlhttp://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh

Having spent over a quarter century advising American Golden Geese clients, let me offer you a different perspective. One of the major reasons they retain someone like me is to legally deal with tax and succession planning. While not homogeneous as a group, they tend to have a fair amount of consistency of opinions in this particular area. Therefore I will try and channel some of their "Golden Geese" thoughts:The underlying premise of those who support an estate tax is that estate assets belong to the state and that the state currently "allows" some of it to be passed onto the Golden Geese offspring. They assume this privilege should be stopped and ask for justification as to why it should be retained. The Golden Geese would argue that the assets that we are discussing are theirs and that the state would need to justify to them why some of those assets should go to the state in the form of estate/inheritance tax;As a result of globalization, Golden Geese do not need to remain in the tax regime of their birth in order to reproduce their current business or personal lifestyle or to maintain or increase their wealth. In business terms, they are no longer “ sticky”. The practical result is that the state needs to convince the Golden Geese (who pay 100% of the US estate tax) that any estate tax is justifiable. Failure to make a convincing argument means that even if politicians pass a law, inheritance will not be “banned” - the Golden Geese will simply legally leave any taxing jurisdiction which applies such a rule.Let’s go through some of the common justifications put forth for estate tax:Argument: This is simply part of the “fair share” the Golden Geese owe.GG Response: I have already paid income or capital gains tax on this wealth and therefore have paid my “fair share”;Argument: Your children are not entitled to it and as part of the “lucky sperm club” shouldn’t have the benefit of their forbearers hard work.GG Response: What my children are or are not entitled to is my business not the state’s. I know and have a connection with my family which is much stronger than the connection I have with millions of people, I will never know, who by chance of birth happen to populate a particular geopolitical area (i.e. my fellow citizens);Argument: If you leave it to your children, then you are creating a perpetual division of wealth in our country and increased inequality.GG Response: Leaving it to my children or not, is my choice. If I do leave them all or some, I hope that they are smart with this money. However, I have no guarantee that they will break the “shirtsleeves to shirtsleeves in 3 generations” truism.Global inequality is dropping precipitously as multitudes of people around the world are raised out of abject poverty. The domestic and international economy is growing in size and is not a “zero sum game”. My fellow citizens were also born in the same geopolitical unit as me. Simply by us all having been part of the lucky sperm club, we were born into what would, for most of the world, be an unimaginably privileged life (i.e. no war, schools, infrastructure). So some of my fellow citizens have not increased their already (from a global perspective) high living standards and wealth at the same rate as me. And you think this is a problem significant enough for me to forego leaving money to my children or engaging in strategic philanthropy?Argument: Your fellow citizens really need this money to deal with their domestic societal ills.GG Response: Through strategic philanthropy, I can have a much more effective and efficient use of this money to deal with a societal ill than by using the government as a charitable vehicle. In addition, I can decide whether it is best to deal locally, regionally, nationally or internationally;Argument: In a democracy, it should be the majority, through their elected officials, who decide where your estate assets should go. You cannot be trusted to make the “right” strategic philanthropic decisions.GG Response: Thank you for your patronizing arrogance but I was careful and smart in the accumulation of my wealth, I trust myself to be the same in its distribution (A Billionaire Defends Modern Philanthropy);The only reason that the estate tax has been able to still be applied at all, is because of ignorance or life inertia. The result is that not all Golden Geese have yet arranged their affairs to avoid its application. This can currently be done by the creation of a foundation (Buffett and Gates) or expatriation (Eduardo Saverin and an exponentially increasing number of former Americans). If you managed to convince enough of your domestic politicians to actually pass a 100% estate tax, not only would you fail to gain additional tax revenue, you would also see a significant loss in the amount you currently collect.As a final point, I enjoyed when some estate tax proponents premise their arguments with, "if we assume that any change in inheritance policy is to be made by all countries at the same time”. As a result of The Prisoner's Dilemma, there will never be universal application of 100% estate tax or any "level tax playing field". Politicians in one country do not get and stay elected by implementing policies which are good for other countries to the detriment of their own. That is why there has always been economic competition (including Tax Competition) between taxing jurisdictions. There is absolutely no incentive to do away with this now and no method of enforcement if it was attempted to be forced upon certain intransigent jurisdictions.This type of statement reminded me of the old story about the Engineer and the Economist who are stranded on a deserted island. They have a single tin of beans and after an hour of watching the Engineer try to figure out the angle to hit the can on a rock to pop the tin, the Economist haughtily tells the Engineer to stand aside. Raising the tin, the Economist states, “now assume we have a can opener …"