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What is NRC ???The National Register of Citizens (NRC) is a register maintained by the Government of India containing names & certain relevant information for identification of Indian citizens of the Assam state. The register was initially, specifically made for Assam state.However, on 20th November 2019, Home Minister Amit Shah declared during a parliamentary session that the register would be extended to the entire country.The register was first prepared after the 1951 census of India and since then it has not been updated until recently it updated in Assam.What is CAB ??The Citizenship Amendment Bill, 2019 (CAB) is a bill amending the Citizenship Act Of 1955 .The Bill makes illegal migrants who are Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis and Christians from Afghanistan, Bangladesh and Pakistan, who entered India on or before 31 December 2014, eligible for Indian citizenship.The Bill relaxes the 11-year requirement for citizenship by naturalization to 5 -years for persons belonging to the same six religions and three countries.These provisions of Bill will not apply to the tribal areas of Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Tripura, included in the Sixth Schedule to the Constitution as well as the areas which are regulated through the Inner Line Permit.The Bill provides that the registration of Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) cardholders may be cancelled if they violate any law notified by the central government.Difference Between CAB and NRC :The National Register of Citizens or NRC that we saw in Assam targeted illegal immigrants.NRC, which may be extended to the rest of the country, is not based on religion unlike CAB.Concerns of North-East states :There are an estimated 20 million illegal Bangladeshi migrants in Assam and they have inalienably altered the demography of the state, besides putting a severe strain on the state’s resources and economy.Mizoram fears Buddhist Chakmas and Hindu Hajongs from Bangladesh may take advantage of the Act.Meghalaya and Nagaland are apprehensive of migrants of Bengali stock.Groups in Arunachal Pradesh fear the new rules may benefit Chakmas and Tibetans.Manipur wants the Inner-line Permit System to stop outsiders from entering the state.Among the states in the Northeast, the outrage against CAB has been the most intense in Assam.While a chunk of these states have been exempted from the legislation, CAB overs a large part of Assam.The protests stem from the fear that illegal Bengali Hindu migrants from Bangladesh, if regularised under CAB, will threaten cultural and linguistic identities of the state.Need for the bill according to government :There are thousands of Hindus, Sikhs, Jains, Buddhists, Christians and Parsis who have entered India after facing religious persecution in countries like Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan without any valid document.All the reports clearly say that there is threat perception on the basis of what is perceived as an unfinished agenda.These refugees have been facing difficulty in getting Long Term Visa (LTV) or CitizenshipThe existing Citizenship law does not allow anyone granting Indian nationality if he or she can not show proof of documents on country of birth and therefore they have to stay at least 12 years in India.Those Hindus who are persecuted due to religion has no other place to go except India.Issues surrounding the bill:It makes distinction on the basis of religion.The proposed amendment is, however, unprecedented, in the sense that never before has religion been specifically identified in the citizenship law as the ground for distinguishing between citizens and non-citizens.Civil society groups are opposing the bill, terming it “communally motivated humanitarianism.”Since Article 14 of the Constitution guarantees equality to all persons, citizens and foreigners, differentiating between people on the grounds of religion would be in violation of the constitution.The Bill will stamp these countries as institutions of religious oppression and worsen bilateral ties.The proposed law not only provides citizenship rights to such refugees, but greatly relaxes the procedure to avail of them.Assam has a major problem regarding infiltration of Bangladeshi illegal immigrants. this bill does not consider Bangladeshi Hindus as illegal immigrants.The implicit consequence of such a law is that people only from the Muslim community in Afghanistan, Pakistan and Bangladesh will be treated as illegal immigrants.Provides wide discretion to the government to cancel OCI registrations for both major offences like murder, as well as minor offences like parking in a no-parking zone or jumping a red light.So , I think my answer covers every question one can have about this contemporary issue.I tried to give an account of all the information related to CAB here that is needed to form opinions.Do let me know what is your take on this bill which has become law now.Edit: Information is sourced from various sites including Wikipedia, Economic Times , Insight on India .[1][2][3][4][5]Edit :Footnotes[1] Insights into Editorial: Lok Sabha passes Citizenship Bill amidst Opposition outcry - INSIGHTS[2] Citizenship (Amendment) Act 2019: What is it and why is it seen as a problem[3] Citizenship Amendment Act 2019: What it holds for India[4] National Register of Citizens for Assam - Wikipedia[5] Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019 - Wikipedia

Despite all the news coverage and excitement over this issue, please understand that the Constitution of India DOES NOT allow dual citizenship, i.e., simultaneously holding Indian citizenship and citizenship of a foreign country.The Government of India has decided to grant Overseas Citizenship of India (OCI), which most people mistakenly refer to as 'dual citizenship.' Persons of Indian Origin (PIO) of certain categories who migrated from India and acquired citizenship of a foreign country, other than Pakistan and Bangladesh, are eligible to be granted an OCI as long as their home countries allow dual citizenship in some form or the other under their local laws.If you get an OCI, it is NOT the same as being a regular Indian citizen:You do not get an Indian passport. There is no such thing as an OCI passport.You have no voting rights.You cannot be a candidate for Lok Sabha/Rajya Sabha/Legislative Assembly/Council or a member of the House of the People or of the Council of States.You cannot hold constitutional posts such as President, Vice President, Judge of Supreme Court/High Court, etc.You cannot normally hold employment in the Government of India.Cannot acquire agricultural or plantation properties in India. However, such a person can inherit such properties.OCI BenefitsIt is anticipated that a large number of Indian Diaspora will benefit by this scheme for hassle-free travel to their motherland. They will bring economic value and benefits to the Indian economy and contribute to the development process.Cancellation of OCI RegistrationIf it is found that registration as an OCI was obtained by fraudulent means, false representation or concealment of any material fact, or that the registered OCI has shown dissatisfaction towards theConstitution of India or under any of the provisions of section 7D of the Citizenship act, the registration of such applicants will not only be cancelled forthwith, but he/she will also be blacklisted for future visits to India.Traveling on OCIWhen you are registered as OCI, a lifelong 'U' visa sticker used to be placed into your passport and you will get an OCI registration booklet. However, starting sometime in 2015, they started putting 'U' visa sticker in the OCI registration booklet itself and not in the passport.Effective January 29, 2015, you don't need to show the foreign passport containing the 'U' visa stick in the passport while entering/exiting India and you need to present only OCI card.If you are outside of the age 21 to 50 years, even though OCI is being claimed as lifelong visa, they need to apply for OCI all over again every time they get a new passport if they are under 21 years of age and once if they are over 50 years of age

As per the Constitution of India ,it DOES NOT allow dual citizenship, i.e., simultaneously holding Indian citizenship and citizenship of a foreign country.The Government of India has decided to grant Overseas Citizenship of India (OCI), which most people mistakenly refer to as 'dual citizenship.' Persons of Indian Origin (PIO) of certain categories who migrated from India and acquired citizenship of a foreign country, other than Pakistan and Bangladesh, are eligible to be granted an OCI as long as their home countries allow dual citizenship in some form or the other under their local laws.If you get an OCI, it is NOT the same as being a regular Indian citizen:You do not get an Indian passport. There is no such thing as an OCI passport.You have no voting rights.You cannot be a candidate for Lok Sabha/Rajya Sabha/Legislative Assembly/Council or a member of the House of the People or of the Council of States.You cannot hold constitutional posts such as President, Vice President, Judge of Supreme Court/High Court, etc.You cannot normally hold employment in the Government of India.Can not acquire agricultural or plantation properties in India. However, such a person can inherit such properties.OCI Benefits :-It is anticipated that a large number of Indian Diaspora will benefit by this scheme for hassle-free travel to their motherland. They will bring economic value and benefits to the Indian economy and contribute to the development process.Benefits of OCI :-If it is found that registration as an OCI was obtained by fraudulent means, false representation or concealment of any material fact, or that the registered OCI has shown dissatisfaction towards the Constitution of India or under any of the provisions of section 7D of the Citizenship act, the registration of such applicants will not only be cancelled forthwith, but he/she will also be blacklisted for future visits to India.Traveling on OCI:-When you are registered as OCI, a lifelong 'U' visa sticker used to be placed into your passport and you will get an OCI registration booklet. However, starting sometime in 2015, they started putting 'U' visa sticker in the OCI registration booklet itself and not in the passport.Effective January 29, 2015, you don't need to show the foreign passport containing the 'U' visa stick in the passport while entering/exiting India and you need to present only OCI card. If you are outside of the age 21 to 50 years, even though OCI is being claimed as lifelong visa, they need to apply for OCI all over again every time they get a new passport if they are under 21 years of age and once if they are over 50 years of age.