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The average response time to a 9–11 call nationally is 18 minutes.The average defensive situation (public attack) is over in under 30 seconds.The average home invasion is over in under 4 minutes.And meaning no disrespect to my fellow former and active officers who believe situations in which a civilian must deploy a firearm in lawful self defense to be rare, the “gun violence” study commissioned by former Pres. Obama stated that civilians use firearms in lawful self defense “at least as many times as criminals do in the commission of their crimes”; the national crime victim survey indicates that civilians use firearms for lawful defense some THREE MILLION times each year (Kleck, 2001); that hardly seems rare to me. In the vast majority of those situations, the firearm is never fired; the mere introduction of a defender’s firearm is generally enough to drive off even an armed attacker.I am a firm believer in the lawful carry of firearms. I know that police rarely prevent crime; they generally respond to situations after crimes have already been committed. In the meantime, civilians must have the ability and the means to defend themselves until police can respond to a call for help. And contrary to what you will hear from gun controllers, lawful carry of firearms by civilians has NOT resulted in collateral damage to innocent bystanders. Just be sure that you are using it in accordance with the laws of your state; some states allow a greater latitude to lawful firearms carriers (like Michigan), while others are very restrictive (NY, NJ, IL, CA, just to name a few).We have the right to keep AND CARRY (BEAR) arms; I fully support that right.EDITED: this appeared on Facebook today, and it makes my point. It was released by the Warren County, Kentucky, Sheriff’s Department. How much time did this defender have to call the police?https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=1008939495965807&id=163292140530551

I am going to outline the strategy I follow to write paper.Complete story: If you are still performing experiment/simulation then you must first look at a standard research article related to your work. Check the details required in order to publish. Your results may be fine for concluding your final outcome however to publish you need to complete the story. Make list of 1. Addional data required to perform 2. Additional characterization 3. Does it make a story.First start with Introduction. Go through the most relevant paper (most cited) of your related work. Go to its citations, see the paper citing this article which are latest. Read the introduction and conclusion to find out the latest progress made by people. Now you have to think how your work adds to the existing literature. In short, how is your work different.Literature survey- Make list of papers that you want to cite based on the relevance and quality of the work. Please don’t miss out on the relevant most cited and most recent papers. Summarize each paper after reading in 2 lines. Use “Readcube” or any other article manager. Then mention in introduction in chronological order.Make good schematic of your work using 1. Inkscape 2. Power Point 3. Adobe illustrator or any other tool you like.Make list of relevant journal that you would like to publish in. See their word limit and write accordingly. As it is really difficult to shorten the paper once it is lengthy enough.Always write in double spacing in word that is the standard format. Do not use journal specific formatting unless mandatory. Publishers hire experts to do that don’t waste time in formatting the paper.Save as new draft each day. you can use the following naming convention “yyyymmdd-xxx work-draft” which is nothing but starting the name with current date so that you know which version is latest. Version control is biggest problem sometimes.Run through “Turnitin” for plagiarism check .Run through “Grammerly” for grammer correction.Handover to your guide/supervisor the first draft.Thanks

Use short sentences. This is difficult to execute without practice, as we tend to write longer sentences when there is time crunch.You may afford to write less number of points for an answer, but you must substantiate the points with facts and examples. For every relevant example you add, you gain marks incrementally.Do not simply answer blandly in textbook fashion. Practice using your imagination in those 3 hours. For example, using a hub-and-spoke diagram to write the way forward may impress the examiner slightly more than some more bullet points.You ought to have done adequate reading and revision in order to write well. Sources like Economic Survey, 2nd ARC, 12th Five Year Plan add some extra heft to answers if their content is used well.Make the introductions catchy. For this purpose, always try and find a link from current affairs which is related to the question. For example, you must cite recent occurrences of flood while starting an answer to a question on floods.Read the questions well enough. Often, careful reading of the question reveals the exact requirements that are to be addressed in the answer. Often, we tend to start answering randomly the moment we spot a familiar word/phrase in the question.Check the directive words in the question before answering. Analyse/Critically analyse/Discuss/Elucidate have different connotations, which need to be taken care of. You cannot answer all questions with a Intro-Pro-Against-Conclusion format.For Ethics (GS 4), do not answer all the case studies in the same fashion. This bores the examiner and does not help you score extra marks. Use your creativity to juggle from one style to the other in case studies. For example, you introduce one case study with a small summary of the issue; and start the next one with bullet points describing the ethical dilemmas.In the last couple of years, similar questions have been asked in more than one GS paper. Your answers to such questions need to paper-specific. For example, the questions on Smart Cities in GS 1 and 3 in Mains 2016 ought to have been answered in slightly different ways.In your answers, wherever possible, create an impression that you are interested in finding solutions. Putting in names of projects/case studies/schemes which are successful at local/state/national level is very useful in this context. Check this website for such interesting cases.Edit : Interested UPSC aspirants may join Scribble UPSC for various free initiatives on Civil Service preparation.