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Supreme court has agreed to review the earlier judgement in the light of stolen documents of the Rafale contract if there is any wrong doing is there in the Rafale contract . It never means somebody is guilty . This Rahul is a just a kid who cannot read any file or read even a simple Supreme Court Judgement even , cannot even understand anything ,as Mamata has discribed and an Amul baby as Achuthanandan has spelt out. He jumps to preconcieved concepts injected into his mind by his stupid selfish advisers ( tharoor like characters) .So now the Supreme Court hearing has to start and it will take several months to arrive at the judgement ..It only means the following :-The basic tenets or canons of public expenditure Canons of Public Expenditure - Public Finance propriety are transparency , accountability , lack of arbitariness, spending tax payers money in a competitive justifiable manner as if we are spending our own money with due diligence ,following due set procedures , approval from the competent authorities and overall proper utilisation and safeguarding the public money from misuse . Every citizen is duty bound to ensure this especially govt servants and judiciary when called upon. Supreme Court will examine them as relevant to this contract..We all probably donot know that DPP Defence Procurement Procedure brought into force during Vajapayee govt in 2002 ,is a just a set of standard guidelines to aid Defence procurements. If every sentence written in 1400 pages of DPP is followed India just can't procure even a single Defence procurement in it's lifetime ..For all the 3 judges of the bench to read this it may take one month at least (@ 40 pages per day ) it may take a month at least ..SC will examine , wherever it was not possible to follow the standard guidelines the official has to write the proposed deviation to DPP and then get it endorsed by the competent committee concerned. The Supreme Court will see and examine whatever deviations were sought to DPP are valid or not ,whether by over ruling of dissent notes was in order or not , if public money has been jeopardised.or enough safeguards are in place in the contract for safetey of the public money .Rahul and N Ram have been brandishing the stolen papers of Rafale contract files as if they have caught hold of a million tons of gold from Modi's team .Fresh Rafale dogfight erupts over ‘incomplete’ MoD note - Times of India in one such note one S.K.Sharma Deputy secretary in ministry of defense who is not even s member of the Rafale negotiating team outs up a unsolicited note . How and whose sake ??!In fact most of the Indian public including Rahul till date have just not understood what is so incriminating matter is there in these stolen zerox copies ???Rahul has been injected to believe that these N Ram' s stolen papers contain only some dissent notes of three members of the Indian negotiating team ( INT) . Rafale deal: dissent note by domain experts in the Indian Negotiating Team . No where N Ram writes these dissent notes have been suitably addressed by senior committees like Defence Acquisition Council and Cabinet Committee on Security before contract was signed ..He doesn't even know dissent is a normal expression in democracy .If there is no dissent it means dictatorship the way Rahul's grand mother ruled India and damaged it beyond imagination.I am sure Govt will involve CAG also to comment upon the decision making process if it is in order or not :- Answer :-CAG will confirm it to be in order .SC will take note of it . Bcoz CAG is the federal auditor . Comptroller and Auditor General of India - Wikipedia CAG knows much much more about procedural propriety in any govt contract making . Even Supreme Court judges don't have that kind of a exposure as CAG has it..So taking CAG in the loop is a must for the Supreme Court.Modi govts Rafale fighter jet deal 2.86% cheaper than UPAs: CAG report In fact CAG has remarked the deal is cheaper than UPA proposal.SC will examine ,whether India will get all 36 Rafale fighter jets in time All Rafale jets to be delivered by 2022: Sitharaman ( who has been visiting France to regularly monitoring has confirmed vjetscwill be delivered bas per schedule ..)with spares ,services and gurantee etc as contracted or not.??Answer : In view of French govt guranteeing it SC will accept thier words . Nirmala' s regular monitoring report on satisfactory compliance will be submitted to SC .SC will examine if all the three designated Commitees i.e. Indian negotiating team ( INT) , Defence Acquisition Council , Cabinet Committee on Security have approved the deviations sought or not .???Rafale deal negotiations involved 74 meetings before CCS approval, say analysts Inbox x Answer :- All the three committees have endorsed the decision with deviations. Supreme Court will ok it.SC will examine if the dissent notes of three officers of MOD cud have been followed or not . If not the reasons for it. Answer : Rafale purchase contract has been signed with French govt and not with Dassault aviation. When you are signing any contract with the soveriegn govt of any nation you don't put any stupid conditions on that govt as if that French govt will take your money and run away like any private vendor .is that correct ???SC will ok it ..SC will examine of past precedences ..Answer :-Similar waivers were given to Russian govt and US govt in case of purchase of S-400 missiles shield and US howitzers . US had supplied the ordered howitzers . Similarly for the C-17 transport Aircrafts and C-130 Aircrafts ordered during UPA rule also didn't have Integrity Pacts and Soverign gurantees .. Similarly Su-30 Mk I fighter jets ordered decades ago from Russia too never had Soverign gurantees and Integrity Pacts in the contract. When such was the case how suddenly these clauses have become a requirement ?????Integrity clause often given a miss, say defence ministry officials on Rafale row No problems were encountered. Same is expected here .SC will examine following 12 Deviations ( a to l) :-No 'integrity pacts' in defence deals with US, Russia too: IAF - Times of India This are the past precedences IAF confirms .( a) Checking the books of accounts of the vendors :Here vendor is French govt . Nobody will say nor the other soverign govt will accept such humiliating conditions . By the way DPP is an Indian standard procedure and not a French manual as such .What is internationally accepted norms are FIDIC norms and not DPP ..Indian Supreme Court will accept it .( b) Before we start debating offset deal with Dassault which is at 50% of the contract value i.e. 20% more than the DPP stipulation of 30 % of the contract value …Rafale deal comes with 50 per cent offset clause So India is benefeited that too with over 100 Indian vendors Offset with Reliance Defence only 10% of obligation, in talks with 100 other Indian companies: Dassault CEO on Rafale deal - Times of India much more than DPP stipulation. Non-alignment of arbitration clauses for offset with main supply protocols .Answer :- Offset is an understanding that the benefeciary ( Dassault) will invest 50% of the money he will be receiving with Indian vendors .Answer :- In offset understanding govt' s role is just to ensure 50 % amount is invested with the Indian vendors in the given time schedule of 67 months from contract signing date . If by mistake of Dassault the money invested sinks in Arabian sea it is not Govt's lookout .So if for this offset obligations arbitration clause is changed to UNICITRAL what harm is there??? . After all UNICITRAL is also globally acceptable norm UN based . Supreme Court will accept it .Opinion of Amit cowshish former Financial advisor Defence Acquisition ministry of defense on offset Making the offset policy work better is also given here ..( c) Deletion of undue influence clause .:-Answer :- When govt of India is signing the contract with govt of France where is the question of undue influence ??.For S-400 Defence shield also similar was the norm . Govt is not paying money to private vendors . Right ??? Supreme Court okays it .( d) Deletion of clause on agency commission payment :- Answer :- Once again when contract is between two govts the subject of agency commission doesn't arise . Indian govt is not making any payment to private vendors .. Supreme Court okays it .( d) Not using the word offset :- Answer :- The word “ Offset “ is our DPP invention with which French authorities were not comfortable , so in it's place the word “ make in India “ was used…So what is wrong ???? Supreme Court okays it .( e) Overstretching the offset investments beyond the delivery period of 67 months for the last jet .Answer :- For Dassault to get final payment for the last jet which will be supplied in the 67 th month it may take another one year .So add 12 more months to 67 = 79 months .So they have asked 84 months to complete the last investments in offset . i.e just 5 more months after they get the final payment they will complete the offset deals …Govts job is like a witness only . Dassault has said over 100 vendors they are in touch with to finalize offset deals ..What is the big deal ??? Supreme Court okays it .( f) Starting of Offset investments after 36 months of contract signing :-Answer :- These offset investments to be made it requires due diligence to select a right Indian vendors ,for right products ,right prices ,trainings to vendor personnel , quality control etc . Dassault has short listed over 100 vendors in India . Now will it not take time to do all this above to satisfactory levels ??? Can all this be done in one month .???? Are Dassault getting all the payments in first month of contract signing ??? Payments are always staggered stage payments. So Dassault needs time to line up the things with all the vendors . So 36 months start date is reasonable . After all they have deliver the 36 fighter jets also . Offset is only a side obligation and not the main work as such. Supreme Court okays it .( f) DPP amendment in 2015 :- Answer Defence offset policy: Amendments by Modi government exactly what have been long required :-DPPor for that matter any standard set of procedures in any govt procurement is not written in stone for eternity . It has to keep changing with the changing times and ultimate did goal intended needs to be delivered at all times. Even in the past several times DPP is amended. So what is wrong ??? The 2015 DPP amendments were long overdue to restore investor confidence the above opinion of Economic Times newspaper says. This amendment gives one year time for the main vendor to give details on offset, delegates Secretary ( Defence production) with powers to decide on problems bduring it's implementation of offset obligations and makes selection of offset partners easier . Is there anything wrong making implementation of offset easier ????And by the way FIDIC norms are the internationally acceptable norms not the Indian DPP . Supreme Court okays it .( g) Dassault overloaded with orders :- Answer :- That is always the case everywhere .To ensure timely deliveries Indian govt had taken French govts endorsement not only for supply of ,36 jets but for spares,trainings etc too. Supreme Court okays it .( h) Not providing Sovereign gurantee :. Answer :- The Rafale contract is between two Soverign Govts who have signed the contracts . French govt is itself a Sovereign govt . That itself is more than enough . No govt in the world will give you a separate gurantee even after signing the Contracts. Even in S-400 case Russia had declined to give a separate gurantee over and above the endorsement of the contracts .similar is the case here . Supreme Court okays it .Parallel negotiations by PMO :- PMO's monitoring of progress cannot be construed as interference: Defence minister Nirmala Sitharaman - Times of India Sonia Gandhi and Rahul were monitoring Prime minister' s office on all important decisions for 10 years under the garb of “ National Advisory Council “ NAC in a totally unconstitutional manner .Did these opposition' parties or N Ram raise a single objection in 10 years 2004–2014 ???( I) Parallel negotiations by the PMO undermining the negotiations by the INT ( indian negotiating team of MOD) .Answer :- If three junior officials of MOD are not able to come to any useful fruitful conclusions for months and years together ,can't even understand the spirit of the DPP manual , can PMO keep quiet ??? Prime Minister has the responsiblities of ensuring the security of the nation . These 3 dissenting officers donot have the responsiblities of answering for the security of the nation which please note … Even if our security is severely jeopardised and Govts unable to order for 12 years in a row from 2004–2016 ,???? In fact Indian Armed forces need over 800 fighter jets to be replaced . Now present position ,excepting Su-30 which are 10–15 years old remaining all other fighter jets are beyond thier lives ( scrap or junk conditions ) In fact bcoz of PMO all stupid issues mentioned above were all addressed satisfactorily and contract cud be signed in Sept 2016.Othetwise even today contract wud not have been signed for sure . If in doubt please check what happened between ,2004–2014 under defacto Prime Minister Rahul Sonia ??? National Advisory Council - Wikipedia This NAC was boss of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh .and all congressmen kept quiet . Supreme Court will okay it..,( j) Offset negotiations undermined by PMO interventions :- Rafale deal comes with 50 per cent offset clause Answer :- Bcoz of PMO interventions offser obligations which was only 30 % as per DPP was increased to 50 % i.e. Indian Economy stands benefeited by additional Rs12,000 crores more investments by Dassault over and above Rs 18,000 crores of investments as per the DPP..Any comments anybody please ???! Where is the question of undermining . ??? It was a huge benefiet to Indian economy .Does anybody think Defence Ministry is a personal property of 3 juniormost officials of MOD and they are the Gods of all other senior officials of INT ,Defence Acquisition Council ,Cabinet Committee on Security including Defence Minister and Prime Minister have to obey these 3 officers opinions ???? If that was the case 3 different committees were just not required Supreme Court will okay it .These three junior officers shud have been delegated to decide all the Defence procurement without another 21 senior members in three committees . Why not ???? Is it the way any Corporate or a govt works across the world ???Dissent notes of three junior officers of Ministry of Defense :Rafale deal: dissent note by domain experts in the Indian Negotiating Team all the points in this dissent notes have been addressed above already except that rival competetior Eurotyphoon fighter from Germany which had offered 20 % discount after price bids opening .As per the Defence procurement procedure any discount after commercial bids are opened cannot be considered . So thier offer although cheaper since it vitiates the tender conditions cannot be considered by govt . Is that clear ????( k) Is there any document found indicating bribery ??? Answer : Nothing found .It is worth recalling here N Ram had in his possession some bribery related papers from Bofors firm . Here nothing . Supreme Court will okay it .( l ) The dissent note in Indian negotiating team was overruled by 4–3 majority .: Answer :- So what ??? in democracy it always happens . Even your ( Supreme Court' s judement in 1973 in Keshavanand Bharati judgment it was with 7–6 majority Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala - Wikipedia only but nevertheless it was a big saviour for the Indian democracy else today India wud have been a rotten rogue state . Thanks to Supreme Court of India .. Democracy was saved by 7–6 majority in Supreme Court .In case of parliamentary deadlocks also where in a normal bill is approved by Lok Sabha but not approved by Rajyasabha , govt calls a joint session of parliament to get it passed . It is a normal slender majority is irrelevant . And subsequently even Defence Acquisition Council headed by Defence Minister and also Cabinet Committee on Security headed by the Prime Minister also has approved it on top of INT ' s approval..So where is the wrong doing my dear Arun Shourie , Yashwant Sinha and Prashant Bhushan ji ????? Why you are wasting time of Supreme Court and confusing the whole nation that too joining with a most corrupt family of India who have damaged India for last 50 years or so ???? This is your service to mother India ????Did any of the Quorans find anything wrong in the above deviations ????Supreme Court after going thru all the above will come to the conclusion that all Deviations are in order and done with bonafide intentions .Conclusions :- The petetioners case with contentions will be dismissed as baseless ,unfounded , frivolous and a criminal waste of Court’ s time and resources .So govt shud request Supreme Court to levy at least RS 500 crores each penalty damages on petetioners for having wasted the Supreme Court' s time and resources for several months on some stolen zerox papers from Defence Ministry .. These 3 petetioners are much more richer and can arrange this amount easily . Supreme Court shud note that penalty shud be proportional to thier paying capacities.Defence Minister shud lodge a case of Rs500 crores damages from petetioners for the undue problems created by them ..as a deterrent for such future litigants on ensuring against frivolous petetions .Supreme Court is requested to take note that if the petetioners are worth more than Rs 3000 crores , levying a penalty of Rs10 lakhs is all just meaningless . It shud be proportional to thier net worth .Then only it will send correct message to future such litigants golfers etc not to waste Supreme Court's valuable time on frivolous litigations to settle thier personal scores that too on stolen papers …Defence Minister also has to lodge a case against Rs500 crores damages against N Ram bcoz he got the stolen papers first and gave it to Rahul team for bombarding on road side . So if this damages are recovered in future no media newspaper will dare to spend money to get zerox copies of sensitive Defence Ministry documents stolen for printing in thier newspapers..The Rs1500 -2000 crores damages so collected from these petetioners as above can be made use of by the govt to transform the judicial infrastructure all over India in all courts to enable people get speedier justice .And the petetioners names engraved in a marble plaque in front of every court premises where this money is used.Supreme Court in future too can use same methodology to charge damages for frivolous as per petetioners net worth in similar cases that wud a very useful tool .Else getting all confidential papers stealthily from MOD and other ministries by paying money , raising fake controversies , throwing out performing constititutionalky elected Govts will be become a business opportunities for the fake netas , fake journalists ,and real scamsters .By the way do we know what N Ram' s own brothers N Ravi and N Murali :—The Hindu editor-in-chief, N Ram's brother, N Ravi says he has turned the newspaper into an apologist for A Raja The Hindu editor-in-chief, N Ram's brother, N Ravi says he has turned the newspaper into an apologist for A Raja andN Murali N Murali: Double standards on display at Hindu N Murali: Double standards on display at Hindu | India News - Times of India say about him ??? Gist is he is a totally sold out ( to corrupt and politicial idiots ) rogue from the family untrustworthy within his own family ????Can we trust N Ram' s bogus Rafale scam now ????Meanwhile govt shud amend the policy for all govt servants catering for compulsory 3 years conscription starting from MOD officials and Union leaders of all PSUs ,state govt officers ,staffs etc . This is the only way shortage of officers in Armed forces is addressed and also the smart officers of MOD are utilised in border security duties and are properly sensitised about thier responsiblities ..Any other deviations pending from N Ram' s stolen zerox copies of Rafale contract extracts from our learned friends ???? I can answer easily ???

Last attempt. 4th mains, 3rd interview. Ruthlessly blocked my chances from becoming IAS to featuring my name in the list.On a typical day of interview there are many factors that are not under your control, be it slot of your interview (forenoon or afternoon), your interview board, your position in a given slot (first or last), kind of question that a board may ask, duration of interview etc. What works for you is your hard work, self belief, confidence level, humility, decent amount of knowledge and enormous amount of good luck.I was the last member to go in the afternoon session. Time - 5:35 pm. I was interviewed for just 13–14 minutes. Waiting for almost four and half hours, I was completely exhausted and feeling drained due to lack of energy. Insufficient amount of energy was made up by the regular intake of coffee and biscuit available in the central hall, where the candidates are supposed to undergo document verification before they are called up for the interview. And these factors hardly bears you down when years of experience have taught you to stay strong when the going is tough.Chairman explained the interview process quickly and asked me about how much I am liking my current job (No brainer, I replied). This was followed by him asking that how I have adjusted in my current Government job after doing engineering then M.Tech form IIT-BHU and now audit (I am working as a Sr. Auditor in O/o CAG for last 6 years). A normal HR question to which I replied confidently. But he interrupted and asked me to just tell, “how you have adjusted”. I was surprised as I have answered him what I felt was correct. Eventually, he got satisfied after interrupting twice as I rephrased my answer in no time. One question by Chairman, that’s it.Then came M1 sitting right next to me jeering and giving a wicked look. Asked me about the bidding process (I had the faint idea that audits are conducted for contracts extended by the company to get their task done e.g. DMRC gives contract for construction of underground metro and viaduct of elevated sections). I answered based on the limited amount of knowledge that I had. I referred to aspect of bidding i.e. financial and technical bid. I think somewhere board members were preoccupied by the idea that I am part of the main audit process. However, I gave one wrong answer and justified it, after being insisted by the Chairman.Having given one wrong answer is not an issue and certainly doesn’t decide your PT score. Rest of the question by M1 I answered easily. But in some of the answers he looked dissatisfied. He was unwilling to accept my clarification which was weird. Normally board members aid and support you but not in this case.The M2 asked archaic random current affairs like SAGAR (and current developments in it - I knew about SAGAR but I was not aware of its current developments as it was not in the news for past many months), Inland waterways, about OIC etc. I answered them. After this M2 stood up from his seat and followed his way to the bathroom.M3 South Indian lady. Looking completely disinterested, agitated from inside and in a hurry to go home. She asked, Sociology is your optional “What is Malthusian Theory?” (This is taught to a geography student). I have never learned in Sociology and decided not to bluff, so I told her that I am not aware about the concept in Sociology. That’s it, just one question and you are tested in your domain knowledge. Cooking is your hobby, tell me “Bhindi kaise banaoge?” Literally in Hindi (Still not an issue) but later she realized, that what she is doing. I replied that there are many ways of cooking Bhindi. I started elaborating but she interrupted apathetically and wanted me to stick to the question, “how you will cook bhindi?” I was appalled by her attitude but I maintained my calm and quickly explained her the recipe.In my previous interview, respected chairman clearly asked about my role in my current profession and restricted herself to my domain expertise only. She interviewed most of the candidates for 40–45 minutes, as year 2016 was her first stint as a UPSC member. After scoring modest score, I missed the final list by 14 marks. This is due to shockingly low marks I scored in essay paper. My score in 2016 read as i.e. 114 marks (Sociology - 276; GS - 422).M4 member. Last member was unable to frame the question correctly and expecting me to answer quickly. I answered his question but he was interrupting way too much. I can understand that they are running short of time and wanted to wrap up the interview in a minimum possible time.All this drama ended in a short span of 14–15 minutes. I took my mobile from the counter, came outside from UPSC premise, switched on my mobile and made first call to my old flatmate at 5:52 pm. Remember I entered in the board at appx. 5:35 pm. I turned around and was stunned to see the lady member waiting for her car exiting from the parking area.Having faced such a disinterested and non-cooperative board, I was completely shattered from inside. My only target was to make my last interview experience satisfactory and memorable. The years of UPSC preparation has taught me to stay focused, trust the process and don’t get bogged down by the outcome of the process which is not in our control (‘Karma kar fal ki iccha mat kar’ as the divine saying goes).Seriously, you can walk away conveniently by giving just 116. I demand, 136 also is not a good score, why not 136? At least, I could have made into the list by two marks. Do I sense a conspiracy here? Having sufficient amount of data available of selected and non-selected candidates of last few years we can discern a clear pattern how a candidate under performing in mains actually make into the list at exact cut off or by margin of few marks by scoring highest marks in interview.An interview board is within their rights to extend the duration of interview to 35–40 minutes to get himself/herself convinced after giving a candidate enough opportunity to come back, if they feel that sufficient time has not been earmarked to judge the personality in its entirety. They were in hurry? Why? An aspirant’s entire career is at stake and board is in a hurry. How the board can justify this weirdness. The absurd way of awarding marks - 42%, so specific, seriously ? Board members have such a divine power that they can accurately arrive at a figure in just two minutes.I am a rational human being and was expecting somewhere around 150 marks (Not much by any standard). But they have mercilessly ruined my chances.This also highlights a stark reality that your mains marks have zero weightage if you had a bad 15–20 minutes of life on an interview day. Conducting nine (09) papers in mains is making fool out of aspirants. On a given day you are crushed and crumbled to pieces in front of members having titanic size ego.Scoring 74 marks above cut off (Rank 112 in mains as I have made an excel sheet of mains marks from the data of recommended candidates, this may go 2–3 rank below if similar case appears in future) deserving to be in top 100 has actually not made into the list by a margin of 18 marks. You must be kidding me!! This is no less than farce.Having a range of 100 marks with the board members on a given day is no less than entrusting them with dictatorial powers. All you have to learn is ego massaging, speak humbly, internalize the principle of ‘fake it until you make it’, sit bare chested even if you don’t know the answer because arrogance is also a functional trait of a typical bureaucrats; to sail smoothly in the interview. And they say be yourself, be natural.Handling administration is more than your performance in 30 minutes. Personality have many layers. You discover core personality of an individual when you spend substantial amount of time with him/her in different situations. The suitability of no candidates can be tested that how well he can manage the district administration. Majority of them struggles their entire career in manoeuvring the complexity of administrative procedure.We as an aspirant understand the limitation of the examination process. But in the name of limitation we are not ready to embrace the injustice.I though, I have improved upon my behavior, attitude and overall personality since my first interview experience. And I can feel this change in me. I am definitely not against the candidates who score good marks. What I am against is the wide discretionary power board members have, who can actually make or break a candidates future on a given day. In past we have seen how UPSC members charged of corruption and departmental inquiries pending against them are actually interviewing suitability of the candidates for IAS/IPS based on ethical/moral uprightness. :) :)It’s time that dictatorial behavior of chairman, opacity and absurd procedure of interview round is called into question before it continues to ruin the career of coming generation of sincere aspirants. UPSC has certainly ran out of credibility in recent times, the way they are conducting each stages of the examination. Prelims paper of this year is a befitting example. Not to mention many aspect of the examination which needs serious reform.To gain more insight into the UPSC PT round. Open the link below and continue reading.IAS interviewees - better off unbeautiful - Shailaja Chandra’ Blo

So you want to start investing, Huh?As a beginner, I also asked the same question to many folks (whom I think can guide me) but what I got in reply is ~ Make a habit of reading financial columns, watch CNBC, stay updated with market trends, keep an eagle eye on prominent investors.... blah, blah blah.But…how the heck do you get started? There’s so much info out there on the web, and everyone’s telling you to do different things. Who do you listen to? Where’s the starting point?Dammit, maybe you should just forget it – it’s too confusing!Well, hold up. I used to be an investing newbie too. I had the same problems. I started my first investment 1 year back, and I knew less than nothing about investing.Now I know a ton of them, and even my finance blog doing pretty well – I receive more than 47,300 unique visitors per month which makes me consider myself someone you could listen to and learn from when it comes to starting your investing career. I’m not some sort of Guru, but I certainly do know the basics.I promise it’ll be simple and definitely easy to understand (no stupid jargon). I added many examples to make you understand it in more clear way.Note ~ This guide is 4,000 words long with 24 illustrative images which mean roughly 20 minutes of reading. So grab yourself a tea or coffee. If you get stuck anywhere while reading this guide, send me an email and I’ll do my best to help you out.Awesome, let’s move on.The 4 Simple Steps to get Started investing:Intro of stock marketChoose your preferred brokering platformEvaluate a stock before you invest.Designing your portfolio (the fun bit!)We made it. Phew. So, without any further ado, let’s jump into step 1.#1) Some basics of Stock Market.For a new investor, the stock market can feel a lot like legalized gambling – “People place their bets! Randomly choose a stock based on gut instinct and water cooler chatter! If the price of your stock goes up — and who knows why? — you win! If it drops, you lose!” Isn’t that why so many people got rich during the dot-com boom — and why so many people lost their fortunes in the recent recession?You may have a “supermarket” that sells food nearby your house. The reason you go the supermarket is because you can go to one place and buy all of the different types of food that you need in one stop — it’s a lot more convenient than driving around to the butcher, the dairy farmer, and the baker.The BSE/NSE is a supermarket for stocks. It can be thought of as a big room where everyone who wants to buy and sell shares different companies can go to buy and sell.That buying and selling occur in 2 ways:First buying than selling (aka going long).First selling than buying (aka going short).This buying and selling is often known as bid and offers (demand and supply). That's how the price of stock market get decided.Bid price -the price at which buyers are eager to buy stocks.Ask price - the price at which sellers are eager to sell stocks.Bid quantity - the quantity of stocks which buyers are eager to buy at the bid price.Offer quantity - the quantity of stocks which sellers are eager to sell at an offer price.How stock price changes?The price is calculated by electronically matching bids and offers for a particular share recorded an electronic limit order book (ELOB). When you place an order to buy a share at a certain price that is called your “bid” and when you place an order to sell your..........blah blah blah blah........Getting bored? Going upon your head, huh?Okay, let's make it easy.Imagine you bought a pen for 10 bucks. Next day a friend of your offered you to sell it for 15 to him.Now my question. What's the price of the pen?Absolutely 15. You can encash 15 bucks by selling it.You rejected his offers hoping that may your other friends bid more than 15.Next day in school, your friends got a sight of your pen. Again 5 of your friends offered you to sell it for 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 respectively.Now, what's the price?Yeah, 30. The highest bidder urges to pay 30.Now again you rejected the offer hoping that tomorrow its price may hike more.Exactly what you thought happened. You and your pen become popular in school and the highest amount offered by people was 50.Now your greed acted inside you, so you again rejected the offers hoping for some more appreciation in price.This time the luck was not with you. A companion bought a unique pen than yours.This affects the price of your pen a lot. Most of your customer attracted by your companion's pen. Your pen lost 90% of its value and the only bunch of people was ready to pay you 5 bucks only.This is how demand and supply affect the price of a product. And stocks are a product. When investors are optimist and ready to pay higher cash than its current price, price appreciated and in pessimist behaviour price drops.There was a huge demand of your in market and supply was only one (assumed that only one pen of your brand was available in market).But after your companion's entry, supply increased and demand remains the same, price dropped.It may also possible that some are ready to pay 15 and some are ready to pay 5 bucks. Although in the real world you'll sell your pen to the one who is offering 15 because you know their person but in the world of stock market, you don't know from whom you're are buying stocks or to whom you're selling your stocks. In this case, the average price is quoted like (in above case) 10 (5+15/2) provided the weight of buyer and seller are equal.I can also make it complex by saying that only 2 persons are ready to buy your pen at 15 bucks and 13 students for only 5 bucks. In this case, a weighted average price will be calculated.But there's no need to go much deeper just keep a small concept in your mind:When demand > supply, price increases.When demand < supply, price decreases.BSE and NSE have huge algorithm machines which determine the price of stocks on the basis of volume traded. Lakhs of people and crores of shares are traded every day.You can get every information regarding volume traded, bidding, offering etc on the web (a quick example is illustrated below)(Image from Moneycontrol App)There are also many other reasons for the change in price like the stock split, merger, demerger, dividend distribution etc.What? Price changes due to dividend distribution, how is it possible?Yeah, you heard it right, if interested read an example of Indian stock recently happen on 6th march. (Price declined due to dividend distribution)Now after having a short overview of the stock market, let’s understand how you can buy and sell real stocks.You can’t directly invest in stock market. One must find a broker who will act as a mediator to buy/sell stocks. There’s nothing to know more about it.But still one should choose a broker with great attention. Some brokers charge so high that most of your profit get swallowed by their charges.This soul-sucking induced me to write this next section.#2) Choose your preferred brokering platformNowadays it’s very easy to get a trading account up and running in a matter of a couple of days.There are numbers of different web hosting providers. They all offer you a similar service (equity + commodity) with a huge difference in price, but since I’ve dealt with and monitored many famous and recommended share brokers companies like RKSV, angel broker, Motilal Oswal, HDFC sec etc…I suggest that as a beginner, you can go with Zerodha. It’s cost effective and technological broker.However, you can always go with another broker as long as it’s fast, reliable and offers low/no brokerage charges. This helps you to avoid problems later on.That's all about "आहा..." and now let's talk about some "oh shit!"As a beginner, I struggled a lot to get registered with a broker. So I consider it a short description in this guide.There's negligible trend of young students (+18) investing in the stock market because either theirs parents want them to concentrate on their studies or they didn't have basic knowledge or they are too much lazy to get needed documents or whatever.In short, they didn't get any proper guidance on how to start investing which intent then to lose their spirit in a while.So, below are some practical guidance.....As per the rules and regulation following documents are compulsorily needed:-Identity proof (PAN card)Address proof (Aadhar card... etc)Personal bank account (Bank statement)So if you do not have PAN Card then start the procedure to get one. If you do not have your personal bank account then contact any nearest branch of any bank and get an account open for you. This is the primary step.So until you get your trading account registered with broker, switch to next step where you'll confront some parameters on how to evaluate a stock.Becoming a professional investor is not going to happen overnight. However, if you are serious about becoming an investor, then you need to get started on the right path. A wrong move now can become a serious roadblock later on.Here's some roadmap to becoming a successful investor.#3) Evaluate a stock before you invest.There are two types of analysis:-Fundamental analysis-Technical analysisTechnical analysis mainly deals with intra-day trading and are much difficult to understand. It contains many technical jargons like movement average, regarding strength index (RSI).It's not possible to demonstrate them here, still, I'll recommend you to pursue NSE advanced certification for its deep knowledge.Let's move on some fundamental aspects.Following are some crucial parameters upon which one should look over before locking your money in any stock:- Return on Equity (ROE)It shows how much profit company is able to fetch for its shareholder after paying all its expenses. Good sign fit management effectiveness.- Return on Capital EmployedIt shows how much company is earning by cultivating it's all long term funds.- Earning YieldIt shows a relationship between company's current market price and its existing EPS.- GP marginIt shows a good sign for the economic moat.- Debt to Equity RatioIt shows a relationship between fixed interest bearing debt liability and shareholder funds.- Interest cover ratioIt shows how times a company is able to cover interest expenses from its existing learning.These are some parameters, which I use and recommend others to evaluate a stock. I read them all in most of the value investing books like intelligent investor, the book that beat the market, value investor and behavioral finance.........Now below are some more criteria which I consider personally (stated with reasons)- Market Capitalization < 25k croreThis consists mid-small cap companies. These companies have high chances to get appreciated in short span as compared to Large cap companies.- Dividend consistencyIt shows that company is consistently earning enough to pay its shareholders. Dividends are the extra earning which is left after retaining a perfect amount for further expansion and growth. It shows a huge cash reserve available within the company.- Margin of 15% - 20% on 52 week low.I usually prefer to invest in a great fundamental stock which is 15-20% nearer to its 52-week low price. It's not well-defined criteria but helps to minimize risk at great extent.- Company PE < Industry PEAgain, it's not a well-defined parameter but helps to find the cheapness of the stock in its existing industry.- Shareholding patternIt helps us to know how much of the shares holding is retrain by promoters, DII, FII and retail investors like you and me.Now let us try to find out where you can find this information on moneycontrol app.What? You didn't yet downloaded Moneycontrol App.Holy shit! Firstly go and download the app. It contains each and every information regarding any stock.Well, Let's start with our research.For an easy explanation, we will take an example of a great fundamental stock ~ Hindustan Media.Basic stats of the stock.It is the main home-screen of stock where you can get a complete short overview. It also laid down the basic ladders to continue your research further.Let us try to apply above discussed parameters in this stock :-Its PE < industry PE, which shows its cheapness to some extent in its industry.Price to book value is 2.6 which is quite considerable.Market cap is far much lower which gives us a better investment opportunity.(Important) Earning yield ~ 9% which is quite considerable. It is calculated by dividing CMP with EPS.Company dividend history:Company is also distributing dividends every year and its earning retention ratio is high ~ 93%It means that company is retaining its 93% of earning to further expansion and distributing 7% as the dividend. Plowing back of profit will be beneficial in future.Its earning is also showing a growth trend:EPS (ttm) - 23.512015 - 19.192014 - 15.152013 - 11.522012 - 8.92011 - 7.3Now let's look at the debt to equity ratioIts debt to equity ratio is very low. So the company is risk-free and even interest cover is very high - 18, it means the company can cover its interest expense 18 times from its existing profit.Even its margin ratios are mind blowing, (ranging from 16 to 20%). It shows economic moat and a great margin at different level of expenses.Most crucial ~ ROE (return on equity) :It shows ~ How much return do shareholders are receiving?In middle, you can see a return on net worth. It's just an another name of return on equity.ROE ~ approx 20% and increasing. (Hold on, I'm going to buy this share)And its return on overall capital (aka ROCE) is ranging from 23-25. Depicts a good employment is a capital.One more factor which influenced me a lot is that 76% of company holding is with promoters of the company. Its shows a great sign of management effectiveness and create a trust to rely on company's future.Last but not the least, percent margin range from 52 weeks low.20% margin from 52 weeks low is around 240 and its current market is 262 which add some risk to the share. However, it doesn't guarantee that stock will fall in future.I read many books, columns, speeches, blogs, news and most importantly, my own experience to lay down this parameter before buying any stock. So it is something you can rely on.Now a most crucial aspect: Margin of safety.Companies current price is 262 Inr and if we look over its past performance, its price had touched 200 (lowest price in last one year).So, even if I assume 262 as undervalued price then too its better to buy a share at 200 than 265, that's what known as margin of safety. Less price, more margin, less risk, more profit."Price is what you pay and value is what you get"You all have come over the parameters to judge a stock but the most crucial part is to design and maintain your portfolio in a balanced manner.As I already scheduled an email (regarding designing a portfolio) to all of my blog's subscriber so I think there's no need to explain this step.Ohhh! What? You're are not subscribed to the blog?Okay! Don't worry. Let's have a look at this step too.#4) Designing your portfolio (the fun bit!)I'll tell you, how you can maintain your portfolio for maximum returns but first I need to tell you how to create a portfolio to track your daily performance.I bet, you'll enjoy the process.I use moneycontrol app to track my portfolio and would also recommend you to use it. Here's a step by step procedure on how you can create a portfolio with moneycontrol app.Here we go....Download moneycontrol app and open it.You'll come over its homepage.Click on the user button embedded at the right-hand upper corner.Then tap "My portfolio". You'll redirect to a new page (illustrated below).Now click on 3 dotted icons and then tap 'add account' (in case you want to open create a new portfolio) or tap 'edit account' (in case you want to edit your existing portfolio).(I'm going tell you about 'add account')After tapping 'add account', you'll redirect following page.Name your portfolio and save it.Next page will be.........Now you've to tap on "+" icon and then choose what to want to add in your portfolio (illustrated below)As we are talking about stock portfolio so have a tap on the stock.Now fill up the details to add any particular stock in your portfolio (illustrated below)Then save it.Tadda...! The stock is tracked in your newly created portfolio.You can also directly add stocks in your portfolio by approaching the individual stock and.......Above is an example is YES Bank. Tap "add to portfolio"All the information will directly get filled up (except one) as shown below...Fill up the quantity of stock you bought and save it.Kudos...! You have completed created your own personalized portfolio.So on the occasion of this great accomplishment, I would like to share my recently created portfolio of 3 stocks...........You may have some strategy on which you pick stocks from the market.So create a shortlist of 5-6 shares based on your strategy or based on parameters demonstrated in this guide earlier.Lock your money.Now it may possible that not all the stock you choose garner you satisfactory returns.So in this case, what you've to do is just look over your portfolio yearly (or half yearly) and find out the stocks which are not performing well.Then what? Again follow the steps, create a new shortlist and lock money. Now just switch off the funds from non-performing existing stocks to newly selected stocks.In a couple of years, your portfolio will deliver you standard results. Just follow procedure year by year.Updated: One of the reader (Aditya Dutta) commented below (it’s helpful to other readers):Brokerage Charges for Inter Day may be free in Zerodha , but there are some charges which will be levied by government for every trade that is done in stock market , It amounts to 450 to 600 Rs for every one lakh of inter day trade.One should have a high track of all the charges regulated by government like SST, dp charges etc. However, they are fixed irrespective of broker you choose. So that can’t be consider as a parameter to choose a broker.. . .I write at Sowmayjain.com