Confirmation Of Verification Of Identity Certificate: Fill & Download for Free

While Bitcoin has dominated the news in recent years, there have been many other alternatives growing in popularity and value in its shadow, and now that Bitcoin has become out of the reach of most casual investors, it is worth looking elsewhere for investment opportunities.One of the names you might have heard bandied around various internet forums and cryptocurrency sites is Litecoin.But what is Litecoin? Is it worth investing in? And should you jump in at the deep end and give it a go?To answer your questions, let us read on and find out more!There are a lot of cryptocurrencies that people tend to ignore too much and attachh less attention to. Investing in these cryptocurrencies would bring about maximum profits and also would bring less worries in the fluctuations of their prices as they have really stable prices. Cryptocurrencies like ripple,monero,dash,binance coin,bitcoin cash,bitcoin sv, litecoin,ethereum and so many more can be invested on the platform (www . libraforex .io) where you get from 25% to 100% ROI on whatever is invested in 10 days. Thank me later.Litecoin ExplainedLitecoin is the fourth most popular digital currency in current circulation, and 2017 saw its market capitalisation reach incredibly dizzying heights.Its stratospheric rise to prominence is reminiscent of Bitcoin a few years ago, and for investors looking for the next “bitcoin”- this could be the currency for you.Litecoin is based on a similar concept to that of Bitcoin and it actually “forked” off the Bitcoin ledger back in 2011.When it was launched, it was intended to be the silver version of Bitcoins gold, and it was engineered to be a more lightweight version of Satoshi Nakamoto’s crypto coin.One of the big bonuses with Litecoin is the fact that it takes around 2.5 minutes to complete a Litecoin transaction, compared to Bitcoins 10 minutes plus (recently, more like few hours).It is defined as a peer to peer cryptocurrency that was realised under an open source project on an MIT/X11 license.The creation and transference of the coins use an open source cryptographic protocol, and it is complete decentralised.It was launched on the 7th of October 2011 and was created by a former Google employee called Charlie Lee.It is substantially identical to Bitcoin, except it has a lower block generation time, a maximum increase number of coins, a different hashing algorithm and a slightly different GUI.By November 2013 Litecoin had achieved a market capitalisation of $1 billion, and by 2017 its market bap was $20,000,000,000 with a value of more than $371 per coin.As of May 2017, Litecoin became the first cryptocurrency to use the Lightning Network and to transfer a fraction of currency between Zurich and San Francisco in less than one second.How Is Litecoin Mined?Litecoin is a lot easier to DIY mine than a Bitcoin and can be done at home with a regular PC.If you have a particular mining machine that uses Scrypt, then you are at an advantage, but it is not a necessity. If you want to mine your own Litecoin, you can do so from home, with just an afternoon of setting up.First of all, you need to understand the process of cryptocurrency mining.To mine a cryptocurrency, you need a machine that can process and solve complex algorithms. As soon as that block of algorithms is solved, more currency is released into the market, and essentially, into your pocket.The next thing to consider is if you want to mine, or if it makes more sense for you just to purchase it on an exchange.Be aware that you will need to pay for a computer capable of mining, as well as the electricity required to power it.You also need to be aware that the process of mining can make your bills rack up quite considerably.As a general indication, mining on your home computer and taking into account the costs of the hardware and electricity – the cost can often outweigh the amount that you mine.If you are considering mining on a small-time basis, it could be worth just purchasing it instead and saving yourself all of the other overheads.Next up you are going to need to get yourself a mining computer as using your work laptop isn’t going to cut it.The technical word for these machines is a “rig”, and you will need at least 3 or 4 graphics cards that are connected to a custom setup.You can purchase these online, or make your own but again, that depends on how technical you are.You also need to have as much RAM as you have on your graphics cards, and you need to invest in a specific cooling device to keep your computer at a constant temperature and stop your machine from burning out.It is also worth considering a specialist ASIC Scrypt miner which is a particular machine that can significantly increase your mining capabilities.They don’t come cheap, but they tend to be much more efficient than doing it yourself.You can also get low-power versions that can save you a fortune on electricity. They aren’t the easiest things to track down, and you may have to go on a waiting list before you can purchase one, but if you can afford it, it is well worth the investment.Once you have considered these options, you need to put some serious thought into deciding if mining is financially viable for you.Check out the trends for Litecoin and work out how much mining you will have to do to pay for the equipment, electricity, and the internet.If you are breaking even on coins vs costs, then you are probably better just purchasing them.If you are going to mine Litecoin, or even just purchase them, then you need to make sure you have a secure and effective Litecoin wallet to store them in.Depending on your needs and requirements there are many options out there for you to consider, so do your research and pick the one that is right for you.Another option for those that wish to mine Litecoin is to join a mining pool.There are lots around, and they can save you a lot of money, and time when it comes to mining a particular block.It essentially combines all of your efforts and facilities with other users and then splits the reward equally among everyone that has participated. Yes, you will get less coin in your wallet, but you will have saved yourself the financial outlay of mining, and you have a chance to regularise your income.Litecoins vs BitcoinWhile Litecoin and Bitcoin are similar in many ways, there are also several differences between them:Different AlgorithmsFirst of all, the two cryptocurrencies used different algorithms.Bitcoin utilises the well known and recognised SHA-256 algorithm, but Litecoin makes use of a newer, improved algorithm known as Scrypt.The difference between the two is that they both have a very different impact on the way in which new coins are mined.While the process of confirming a transaction requires immense computing power, the SHA-256 is considered to be a much more complicated process than Scrypt.Scrypt is generally less susceptible to hardware issues that are employed by ASIC based mining, but that has only resulted in coins such as Litecoin that use Scrypt based currencies, being considered more accessible to anyone that wants to participate in the process of mining.Coin SupplyAnother significant difference between the two is the number of coins that are available to be mined.Bitcoin has a capped limit of 21 million coins, whereas Litecoin has 84 million coins available. Litecoin also takes significantly less time to process a transaction with it taking just 2.5 minutes, compared to Bitcoins 10.How Can Litecoin Be Used?Litecoin can be used for a variety of reasons.First and foremost, you can use it on an exchange in the same way that you might use a fiat currency. You can buy and sell it against the value of other fiat or cryptocurrencies and use it to make a profit.Alternatively, you can buy it and keep it in your cryptocurrency wallet, and then sell it on at a time when you can make a profit, based on how much you paid for it initially.The other option is to use it to exchange for goods and services.As Litecoin’s popularity increases, there are a growing number of retailers and merchants that will accept the coin or a fraction of the coin for payment.It isn’t just the big names that are accepting Litecoin – a growing number of smaller merchants are advertising that they will accept payment in a range of other cryptocurrencies- Litecoin included.How and Where to Buy Litecoin?If you have decided that mining isn’t for you, then don’t worry, there are plenty of places where you can purchase it, or exchange another cryptocurrency for it.Which exchange you use will depend on whether you have fiat currency to exchange for Litecoin, or whether you want to purchase it using another cryptocurrency such as Ether, or Bitcoin.We have listed some options here:CoinbaseCoinbase is one of the worlds most famous and well-known cryptocurrency exchanges and wallets.It was launched in 2012, and since then they have grown to have over 12 million global customers and trade value to date more than $50 billion.It’s well known for being very easy to use, as well as being available to customers in most countries.You can pay by bank transfer or credit card, but be sure to check the fees before you press send as they can reach as much as 5% in some cases.Also be aware that you will need to verify your account with information like utility bills and government-issued ID before you can purchase your Litecoins.CEX.IOThis platform was founded back in 2013 and at its inception, it was the first cloud mining provider.It has since evolved to become a multifunctional cryptocurrency exchange and it has well in excess of half a million regular users.The beauty of this site is that you can purchase your Litecoin, trade your Litecoin, and sell your Litecoin across multiple different platforms including the website, mobile app, and REST API.You can also choose to trade with USD, EUR, GBP and RUB so you have pretty much covered all buying options.When it comes to security levels, Bitcoin Exchange, Trading BTC USD, BTC EUR - CEX.IO is considered as one of the most secure around due to the fact that they possess a PCI DSS certificate (Level 2) which basically means that they satisfy some pretty stringent security criteria when it comes to storage, processing, and the transmission of important data such as card details.They also apply AML and KYC procedures and policies to their clients and offers two-factor authentication via Google Authentication, or via SMS/telephone call.BitPandaThis is an Austrian crypto-brokerage service which allows customers from most EU countries to purchase Litecoin with a credit or debit card, Skrill or SEPA transfers.For any individuals who are resident in the EU, the fact that you can pay via SEPA transfer is a big plus. The company is quite new in comparison to some of the other names on the list, and it was formed back in 2014, but it has since become one of the most trusted names in the market.Whilst its exchange rate is a little higher than some other alternatives, its not the most expensive you will find.BitPanda is also quite stringent when it comes to verifying your identity. If you are looking for an anonymous platform, then this is not the one for you as you need to submit and ID form and take part in a video chat verification in order to verify your account and secure a higher transaction limit.KrakenKraken is an excellent option for those that are interested in margin trading.For those that are a little more experienced in the worlds of forex, or cryptocurrency trading, it is a fantastic option.It was launched in 2011 and is now one of the largest Bitcoin trading platforms, but it also offers trading and exchange services for Litecoin, Monero, Ripple, and Ethereum.You can purchase your coins via wire transfers, and it accepts fiat currencies such as USD, JPY, CAD, and GPB.BitStampThis is a cryptocurrency exchange that has become incredibly popular in Europe. This is because deposits can be made via SEPA with absolutely zero transaction fees.Established in 2011, it is one of the longest standing and most reputable exchanges out there, and it is well known for its excellent security features including multisig technology and 2-factor authentication protocols.Another bonus is the fact that most of the currency is stored in cold storage, meaning it is out of the reach of hackers.Is Litecoin a Good Investment?It is no secret that cryptocurrencies are far from a sound investment.The fact that they are decentralised means that they are volatile in nature and their value and future can be somewhat unpredictable.That said, it seems that Litecoin is here to stay.Trends show a steady but lucrative increase in its value, and the fact that it is considered as a better version of Bitcoin means that it is unlikely to go anywhere anytime soon.For those who like the look of Bitcoin, but that missed the boat regarding accessibility, Litecoin is a superb alternative to a future that looks like it is going places.Investing in Litecoin could be an excellent option for those looking for a better alternative to Bitcoin.Litecoin is often forgotten or disregarded since it hasn’t introduced anything revolutionary, but thanks to that the price is less volatile.

Seed certification is an internationally recognized system to preserve the genetic identity and purity of crop varieties.The purpose of seed certification is to maintain and make available to the public, high quality seed and propagating materials of adapted superior crop varieties grown and distributed to ensure varietal identity and purity. Seed certification is based on the premise that proper identification of crop varieties is essential to everyone who handles seed from the breeder, commercial grower, seed cleaner, and seed distributor, to the farmer or rancher who purchases the seed.Certified seed is the starting point to a successful crop. In the early days of crop improvement, most varieties had easily identifiable phenotypic (visible) traits. At present, most varieties are a synthesis of many complex genotypic characteristics, many of which are not necessarily visible. It is also important to remember that certified seeds are the outcome of many years of research and development for improved traits, such as herbicide tolerance, resistance to pests or improved grazing tolerance. Thus, seed certification through field and laboratory inspections, along with continuous pedigree records, provides the most practical and reliable method of verifying genetic identity and purity for the improved varieties commercially available.Seed certification requires planting eligible seed stocks, field inspection of the growing crop, proper conditioning or cleaning, representative sampling, thorough laboratory analysis, and proper labeling. Certification involves the inspection of the crop in the field as well as samples of the harvested seed. If seed of a variety is produced in separate fields, each field, or “lot,” is considered independently for acceptance or rejection for certification. The field and seed inspections from each unit or lot are made by employees of the certifying agency, such as your state crop commission. The requirements that must be met for certification, such as purity or germination percentage, differ for each crop and from state to state.Good crop production begins with planting high quality seed, and seed certification procedures provide the best possible third-party assurance of good quality seed. As previously stated, standards may vary from crop to crop and from state to state, but remember, a certification tag on a bag of seed is the symbol of quality. It assures you, the purchaser, that the seed inside the bag is the variety stated and it has met the required standards for germination and purity by the inspecting agency.The classes of seed in the certification programs of the United States are breeder, foundation, registered and certified. Each class of certified seed is associated with a colored seed tag. Since breeders’ seed is not available to the public, a tag is not shown for the class. Certified seed tags are blue, registered are purple and foundation tags are white. The certification class refers to the number of generations away from the original variety that was developed by the plant breeder. Breeder, the first class, is seed provided by the breeder of the new plant variety and is of the highest class of genetic purity and quality. Foundation is the second class and one generation removed (the progeny of the breeder seed). Registered is the progeny of foundation seed and two generations removed from the breeder class. Foundation and registered seed are also of premium quality, intended for commercial seed increases, and are not necessarily available for the public to purchase. The final class of seed is certified, and it may be the progeny of registered or foundation seed. Certified, or blue tagged, is generally the class of seed available to farmers for purchasing. For certification to be valid, buyers must be provided proof of certificationEach class of certified seed is associated with a colored seed tag. Certified, or blue tagged, is the most common class of seed available to farmers for purchasing. Since breeders’ seed is not available to the public, a tag is not shown for the class.Be a Certified Seed Grower: Certification and Career RoadmapList of agenciesList of agenciesCountrySeed certification agenciesAddressHeadAUSTRIAAustrian Agency for Health and Food SafetySpargelfeldstraße 1911220 WienAustriaAndreas RatzenböckBELGIUMFlemish Region: Agentschap voor Landbouw en Visserij Afdeling ProductkwaliteitsbeheerWalloon Region: Service public de Wallonie (SPW-DGARNE) Direction de la QualitéFlemish Region:Agentschap voor Landbouw en VisserijAfdeling ProductkwaliteitsbeheerKoning Albert II-laan 35 bus 41B-1030 BRUSSELTel. : + 32 2 5527443Fax : + 32 2 5527401Walloon Region:Direction de la QualitéÎlot St-Luc, Chaussée de Louvain 14 • B - 5000 NamurTel. : +32 (0) 81 64 96 17Fax : +32 (0) 81 64 95 44Gilbert Crauwels (Contact ESCAA)BULGARIAExecutive Agency of Variety Testing Field Inspection and Seed Control1113 Sofia, "Tzarigradsko shosse" bul.125, bl.1 BULGARIABistra PavlovskaCHYPREDepartment of AgricultureLouki Akrita Avenue 1412 Nicosia CyprusDr Androula GeorgiouCROATIACROATIAN AGENCY FOR AGRICULTURE AND FOOD - CENTRE FOR SEED AND SEEDLINGSCROATIAN AGENCY FOR AGRICULTURE AND FOODVinkovačka cesta 63cHR - 31 000 OsijekGoran Jukić, PhDCZECH R.Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in AgricultureHroznová 2, 656 06 BrnoThe Czech RepublicDaniel JurečkaDENMARKThe Danish Agricultural AgencyThe Danish Agricultural AgencyNyropsgade 30DK - 1780 Kobenhavn VMerete BuusESTONIAAgricultural BoardTeaduse st.2, Saku,75501 Harju countryESTONIAAnu Nemvalts (Head of the Organic Farming and Seed Deparment)FINLANDFinnish Food AuthorityTampereentie 51, FI-32200 Loimaa, FinlandLeena PietiläFRANCESOC (Service Officiel de Contrôle et de Certification)GNIS (Groupement National Interprofessionnel des Semences et Plants) - SOC44, rue du Louvre75001 Paris FRAnne-Laure FONDEURGERMANYThe BundessortenamtOsterfelddamm 8030627 HannoverFriedhilde Trautwein (Contact ESCAA)GREECEDIRECTORATE OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURSES AND PROPAGATING MATERIAL OF CULTIVATED PLANT SPECIESMINISTRY OF RECONSTRUCTION OF PRODUCTION, ENVIROMENT AND ENERGYDIRECTORATE OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURSES AND PROPAGATING MATERIAL OF CULTIVATED PLANT SPECIES6 Kapnokoptiriou str.10433 AthensGREECEΥΠΟΥΡΓΕΙΟ ΠΑΡΑΓΩΓΙΚΗΣ ΑΝΑΣΥΓΚΡΟΤHΣΗΣ ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΟΝΤΟΣ ΚΑΙ ΕΝΕΡΓΕΙΑΣΔ/ΝΣΗ ΦΥΤΟΓΕΝΕΤΙΚΩΝ ΠΟΡΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΠΟΛΛΑΠΛΑΣΙΑΣΤΙΚΟΥ ΥΛΙΚΟΥ ΚΑΛΛΙΕΡΓΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ ΦΥΤΙΚΩΝ ΕΙΔΩΝΚαπνοκοπτηρίου 6 -Αθήνα 10433 -ΕλλάςMrs Maria FOTIADOU-TALIADOUROUHUNGARYNational Food Chain Safety Office (NÉBIH)Directorate of Plant Production and Horticulture (NKI)H-1024 Budapest, Keleti Károly u. 24.József LUKÁCSICELANDIcelandic Food and Veterinary Authority (MAST)Austurvegur 64, IS-800 Selfoss, IcelandJon GislasonIRELANDCrop Evaluation and Certification Division Department of Agriculture, Food and the MarineBackweston Farm, LeixlipCo. Kildare, IrelandDonal ColemanITALYCREA-DCVIA G. VENEZIAN 22, 20133 MILANO ITALYPier Giacomo BianchiLATVIAState Plant Protection ServiceLielvardes 36/38, Riga, LV 1006, LatviaMs Kristine KjagoLITHUANIAState Plant Service under the Ministry of AgricultureOzo str. 4A, LT-08200 VilniusSergejus FedotovasLUXEMBOURGMinistry of Agriculture, Viticulture and Rural Development Administration des services techniques de l’agriculture (ASTA) Service de certification des semences et plantsAdministration des services techniques de l’agricultureB.P. 1904L-1019 LuxembourgFranz KREMERMALTESPMUSeeds and other Propagation Material Unit (SPMU)Plant Health DirectorateMinistry for Sustainable Development, the Environment and Climate Change110, Annibale Preca StreetLija LJA 1915, MALTAMaureen DeliaNETHERLANDSNAKNaktuinbouwNAKRandweg 14P.O. Box 11158300 BC EmmeloordThe NetherlandsNaktuinbouwSotaweg 22, 2371 GD Roelofarendsveen, The NetherlandsP.O. Box 40, 2370 AA Roelofarendsveen, The NetherlandsEric Casteleijn (NAK) / Ron Bleijswijk (naktuinbouw)NORWAYMATTILSYNETNational Registration SectionFelles postmottakP.O.Box 3832381 BrumunddalNorwayKarina KaupangPOLANDMain Inscpectorate of Plant Health and Seed InspectionJana Pawła II 11 00 - 828 WarsawAndrzej ChodkowskiPORTUGALDGADREdificio 2, Tapada da Ajuda1349-018 LisboaAna Paula Cruz de CarvalhoROMANIANational Inspection for Quality of SeedsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Development RomaniaBvl. Carol I 24, Sector 3020921 BucharestSERBIAPlant Protection DirectorateOmladinskih brigada 111070 Beograd.SLOVAKIAÚKSÚP (Slovak republic Certification Agency) Odbor osív a sadív (Department of Seeds and Planting Materials)"Matúškova 21833 16BratislavaSlovak Republic"Mária TatarováSLOVENIAUprava Republike Slovenije za varno hrano, veterinarstvo in varstvo rastlinUprava Republike Slovenije za varno hrano, veterinarstvo in varstvo rastlinAdministration of the Republic of Slovenia for Food Safety, Veterinary Service and Plant ProtectionDunajska 221000 LjubljanaSLOVENIJAMag. Katarina GroznikSPAINGeneral Directorate of Agricultural Production and Markets Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and FoodGeneral Subdirectorate of Agricultural Means of Production and Spanish Plant Variety Office (OEVV)33 Almagro St. - 7th floor28071 MadridJosé Antonio Sobrino - General Subdirector of Agricultural Means of Production and Spanish Plant Variety Office (OEVV)SWEDENJordbruks VerketAgricultural Administration Utsädesenheten,Onsjövägen 21268 81 SvalövSwedenSWITZERLANDFederal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research EAER Federal Office for Agriculture FOAG Plant Health and VarietiesSchwarzenburgstrasse 165, 3003 BernFederal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research EAERAgroscopeCompetence Division Plants and Plant ProductsSeed Certification ServiceReckenholzstrasse 191, CH 8046 ZurichPaul MewesUNITED KINGDOMAPHA (for England and WALES)SASA (for Scotland)AFBI (for Northern Ireland)Plant Varieties and SeedsAnimal and Plant Health Agency (APHA)EastbrookShaftesbury RoadCambridgeCB2 8DRUnited KingdomScience and Advice for Scottish Agriculture (SASA)Roddinglaw Road,EdinburghEH12 9FJ, UKAFBI Crossnacreevy50 Houston RoadCrossnacreevyCastlereaghBelfastBT6 9SH - NORTHERN IRELANDGerry Hallhttps://asscu.nic.in/https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_PLANTMATERIALS/publications/lapmctn9030.pdfUSDA Agricultural Marketing Service, 2002, State Noxious-Weed Seed Requirements Recognized in the Administration of the Federal Seed Act, Beltsville, MDHome | Agricultural Marketing ServiceFor media inquiries, contact Public Affairs.E-mail: [email protected]: (202)-720-8998Administrator's OfficeBruce Summers, AdministratorE-mail: [email protected] Procurement ProgramDave Tuckwiller, Deputy AdministratorE-mail: [email protected]: (202) 720-4517Cotton and Tobacco ProgramDarryl Earnest, Deputy AdministratorE-mail: [email protected]: (901) 384-3000Dairy ProgramDana Coale, Deputy AdministratorE-mail: [email protected]: (202) 720-4392Fax: (202) 690-3410Fair Trade Practices ProgramMichael Durando, Deputy AdministratorEmail: [email protected]: (202) 720-0219Federal Grain Inspection ServiceArthur Neal, Deputy AdministratorE-mail: [email protected]: (202) 720-9170Livestock and Poultry ProgramJennifer Porter, Deputy AdministratorE-mail: [email protected]: (202) 720-5705National Organic ProgramJennifer Tucker, Ph.D., Deputy AdministratorEmail: [email protected]: (202) 720-3252Science & Technology ProgramRuihong Guo, Deputy AdministratorE-mail: [email protected]: (202) 720-8556Specialty Crops ProgramSonia Jimenez, Deputy AdministratorE-mail: [email protected]: (202) 720-4722FAX: (202) 720-0016Transportation & Marketing ProgramTricia Kovacs, Deputy AdministratorE-mail: [email protected] (202) 690-1300Office of Civil RightsClifton Gilchrist, DirectorE-mail: [email protected](202) 720-0583Management and Analysis ProgramKeith Adams, Deputy AdministratorE-mail: [email protected] Phone: (202) 720-6766PHASES OF SEEDCERTIFICATIONVerification of seed sourceReceipt and scrutiny of application/Farm-1Field inspectionSupervision of post harvesting and Seed Processing upgrading operations and samplingSeed Quality analysis and genetic purity evaluationSeed TreatmentBagging and TaggingGrant of CertificateIssue of release order (Farm-II)VERFICATION OF SEED SOURCESeed has to be verified for by seed certification agency before distribution of seeds. During his first inspection of seed farm the Seed Certification officer will verify whether the seed used to raise the seed crop is from an approved source.RECEIPT AND SCRUTINY OF APPLICATIONApplication for registrationAny person, who wants to produce certified seed shall register his name with the concerned Assistant Director of seed certification by remitting prescribed fee per crop, per season. There are 3 seasons under certification viz., kharif (June - September), rabi (October - January) and summer (February - May).Sowing report(Application for the registration of seed farm)The seed producer who wants to produce certified seeds shall apply to the Assistant Director of Seed Certification in the prescribed sowing report form in quadruplicate with prescribed certification fees along with other documents such as tags to establish the seed source.Separate sowing reports are required for different crop varieties, different classes, different stages and if the seed farm fields are separated by more than 50 meters. Separate sowing reports are also required if sowing or planting dates differ by more than 7 days and if the seed farm area exceeds 25 acres. The sowing report shall reach concerned Assistant Director of Agriculture Seed Certification within 35 days from the date of sowing or 15 days before flowering whichever is daaz.com the case of transplanted crops the sowing report shall be sent 15 days before flowering. The producer shall clearly indicate on the reverse of sowing report, the exact location of the seed farm in a rough sketch with direction, distances marked from a permanent mark like mile stone, building bridge, road, name of the farm if any, crops grown on all four sides of the seed farm etc., to facilitate easy identification of the seed farm by the seed certification officer.The Assistant Director, Seed Certification on receipt of the sowing report, scrutinises and register the seed farm by giving a Seed Certification number for each sowing report. Then he will send one copy of the sowing report to the Seed Certification officer, on to the Deputy Director of Seed Certification and the third to the producer after retaining the fourth copy.FIELD INSPECTIONOBJECTIVEThe objective in conducting field inspection is to verify the factors which can cause irreversible damage to the genetic purity or seed health.INSPECTION AUTHROITYThe seed certification officer authorized by the registering authority shall attend to field inspections.CROP STAGES FOR INSPECTIONThe number of field inspections and the stages of crop growth at which the field inspections should be conducted vary from crop to crop. It depends upon duration and nature of pollination of the seed crop.If the crop is grown for hybrid seed production, the number of field inspections during the flowering stage should be more than one in the case of self-pollinated / cross / often cross pollinated varieties.In hybrid seed production and variety seed production of cross pollinated crops the inspection during flowering should be made without any prior notice of the seed grower to judge the quality of operation undertaken by him to maintain the genetic purity of the crop. But in the case of self-pollinated crop the seed grower may be informed about the date of inspection.In the former case if prior notice is given to the seed grower, it may not be possible to detect the damage by the contaminants whereas in the latter case prior notice will lead to improvement of the quality of the seed production work and thus the quality of seed.The key points to be observed at each stage of inspection Stage of cropKey points to be observed at inspectionStage of cropKey points to be observed at inspection1.Pre flowering stage (Vegetative Stage)Verification of seed sourceConfirmation of acreage given in the report.Proceeding crop requirementPlanting ratioBorder rowsIsolation distanceGuide the grower in identification of offtypes, pollen shedder, diseased plants, shedding tassels etc.,2.Flowering Stages (May be II and III inspections when 50% of plants begin to flower).Confirm the observation of plants inspection were correct.Confirm whether grower had continued thorough rouging, after the previous inspection.Verify the removal and occurrence of offtypes, pollen shedders, shedding tassels, objectionable weed plants and diseased plants.3.Inspection during post flowering and pre-harvesting stage.Confirm the correctness of observations, made in earlier inspections.Guide the grower on rouging, based on pods, earhead, seed and chaff characters such as colour, shape and size.Explain to the grower when and how to harvest the crop and process.4.Inspection during harvest (This is the last inspection conducted on a seed crop).Verify that male parent rows have been harvested separately.Ensure complete removal of offtypes, other crops, weeds and diseased plants etc.,Seal properly by the certification agency of the threshed produce after initial cleaning and drying.Instruct the seed growers for sage storage and transportation.Field countsThe purpose of field inspection is to find out field standards of various factors in the seed farm. It is impossible to examine all the plants in the seed farm. Hence, to assess the field standards of various random counting is followed.Points to be observed before countingAll plants falling in each count must be examined for each factorIn hybrid seed field the prescribed number of the field counts should be taken in each parent separately.Number of counts to be takenThe number of counts taken and the method employed in taking counts vary from crop to crop. It is necessary to take minimum of 5 counts upto 5 acres and an additional count for every 5 acres or part of as given below.Area of the field (in acres)Area of field (in acres)Number of counts to be takenUp to 556-10611-15716-20821-259Double countIn any inspection. if the first set of counts shows that the seed crop does not confirm to the prescribed standard for any factor, a second set of counts should be taken for the factor. However, when the first set of counts shows a factor more than twice the maximum permitted, it is not necessary to take a second count.On completion of double count assess the average for the two counts. It should not exceed the minimum permissible limit.Number of plants for a countSl No.CropNumber of plant/head per countRemarks1.Soybean, Jute, Lucerne, Mesta, Breseem1000 plantsClosely planted crops2.Beans, Cluster beans, Cowpea, Green gram, Black gram, Peas, Mustard, Sesame, Bengal gram, Safflower, Niger500 plantsMedium Spaced Crops3.Bhendi, Brinjal, Chilli, Castor, Cole crops, Cotton, Cucurbits, Groundnut, Maize, Poato, Redgram, Tomato and Sunflower100 plantsWide spaced crops4.Bajra, Barley, Oats, Paddy, Wheat, Ragi, Sorghum1000 plantsTillering cropsSources of contamination or factors to be observedThe contaminants arePhysical contaminants-Inseparable crop seeds, other crop seeds, objectionable weed seedsGenetical contaminants- Offtypes, pollen shedders, shedding tassel Physical contaminants are inseparable other crop plants, objectionable weed plants and diseased plants. Genetical contaminants consists off-types, pollen shedders and shedding tassels.Off typePlant that differs in morphological characters from the rest of the population of a crop variety.Off type may belong to same species or different species of a given variety. Plants of a different variety are also included under off types. Volunteer plants and mutants are also off types.Volunteer plantVolunteer plants are the plants of the same kind growing naturally from seed that remains in the fields from a previous crop.Pollen sheddersIn hybrid seed production involving male sterility, the plants of 'B' line present in 'A' line are called pollen shedders.Some times 'A' line tends to exhibit symptoms of fertile anthers in the ear heads of either on the main tiller or side tiller and these are called partials. These partials are also counted as pollen shedders.Shedding tasselsThese plants which shed or shedding pollen in female parent rows. When 5 cm or more of the entire spike, which shed or shedding are counted.Inseparable crop plantsThese are plants or different crops which have seed similar to seed cropObjectionable weed plantsThese are weedsWhose seeds are difficult to be separated once mixedWhich are poisonousWhich have smothering effect on the main cropWhich are difficult to eradicate once establishedDifficult to separate the seeds. These seeds cause mechanical admixturesDesignated diseasesThe diseases which may reduce the yield and quality of seeds are termed as designated diseases.Inspection reportThe seed certification officer after taking field counts and comparing them with the minimum field standards, the observations made on the seed farm field should be reported in the prescribed proforma toDeputy Director of Agriculture (Seed Certification)To the Seed ProducerAssistant Director of Agriculture (Seed Certification) andFourth copy retained with seed certification officerAssessment of seed crop yieldIt is necessary to avoid malpractice's at the final stage during harvest operation. The seed certification officer is expected to fix the approximate seed yield.Liable For Rejection Report (L.F.R)If the seed crop fails to meet with any one factor as per the standards, Liable for Rejection report is prepared and the signature of the producer is obtained and sent to Deputy Director of Agriculture Seed Certification within 24 hours.Re-inspectionFor the factors which can be removed without hampering the seed quality, the producer can apply for re-inspection to the concerned Deputy Director of Agriculture Seed Certification within 7 days from the date of first inspection order. For reinspection half of the inspection charge is collected.Supervision of post harvesting and Seed Processing upgrading operations and samplingThe post harvest inspection of a seed crop covers the operations carried out at the threshing floor, transport of the raw seed produce to the processing plant, precleaning, drying, cleaning, grading, seed treatment, bagging and post processing storage of the seed lot.Pre-requisites for processingProcessing report should accompany the seed lotSeed should be processed only in approved processing unit.ODV test for paddy should be done at the time of sealing and issue of processing report or before processing. If the result exceeds 1% of the produce may be http://rejected.It should be correlated with the estimated yieldField run seed should be brought to the processing unit within the 3 months from the date of final inspection. Processing and sampling should be done within 2 months in oil seed crops and 4 months for other crops from the date of receipt in the processing unit. In cotton the kapas from the passed lot should be moved to the ginning factory within 5 days from the date of issue of processing report. The ginning should be done within 3 months from the date of final harvest inspection report. Ginned seeds should be moved to seed processing unit within in 5 days of ginning. Inspection and sampling should be done within 3 months after ginning.Intake of raw produce and lot identificationThe seed certification officer in-charge of the seed processing plant may, after verification of the above stated documents and total amount of seed accept the produce for processing. After verification he should be issue a receipt to the seed grower. Each seed lot has tobe allocated a separate lot number for identification.Processing of seed lotIt is done to remove chaff, stones, stem pieces, leaf parts, soil particles etc from the raw seed lot.Grading to bring out uniformity in the seed lot.Seed treatment to protect it from storage pests and diseases.Processing inspectionThe processing should be done in the presence of concerned seed certification officer.The recommended sieve size should be used for gradingThe recommended sieve size should be used for gradingThis is done by conducting a float test. Take 400 seeds from the processed seed and put in to a tumbler of water. Count the floating paddy seeds. Maximum float admissible is 5%. If the float seeds exceed the limit, adjust the air flow or feeding to perfect the http://processing.In maize before shelling the cobs should be examined for off type and off coloured kernels. Individual cobs should be examined with reference to its vareital characters. The cobs of off types and off coloured kernels should be rejected.Seed sorting in cotton.The ginned seeds will be evaluated for its quality. A maximum of 3 % for the following factors can be taken into accounts.Immature seedsIll filled seedsBroken seedsStained seeds andOver fuzzy seedsSeed samplingDuring packaging Seed Certification officer will draw samples according to ISTA Procedure and send the sample to Assistant Director of Agriculture (See Certification) concerned within a day of sampling.Seed quality analysis and genetic purity evaluationThe ADASC will in turn send the sample to the Seed Testing Laboratory within 3 days of receipt of the sample to testing seed standards viz., physical purity, germination, moisture content and seed health as prescribed. The Seed Testing Officer will communicate the result to the ADASC concerned within 20 days.On receipt of the analytical report the ADASC will communicate the result to the producer and Seed Certification officer.For foundation seeds and hybrids genetic purity test has to be conducted by GOT test.Seed TreatmentSeeds has to be treated with specified chemical/ recommended chemical to that crop.Bagging and TaggingAfter receiving the seed analytical report the Seed Certification officer will get the tag from the ADASC and affixes labels (producer's label) and tags (blue for Certified Seed and White for Foundation Seeds) to the containers and seals them to prevent tampering and grants certificate fixing a validity period for 9 months. Tagging should be done within 60 days of testing.Grant of CertificateAfter receiving the seed analytical report the Seed Certification officer will get the tag from the ADASC and affixes labels (producer's label) and tags (blue for Certified Seed and White for Foundation Seeds) to the containers and seals them to prevent tampering and grants certificate fixing a validity period for 9 months. Tagging should be done within 60 days of testing.Issue of release orderCertification agency will issue release order and seed can be released for market based on that orderResampling and reprocessingWhen a seed lot does not meet the prescribed seed standards in initial test, on request of the producer Seed Certification Officer may take resample.If the difference in germination analysed and required is within 10, then straight away resampling can be done. If it is >10, reprocessing and resampling may be done.The producer should request the Seed Certification Officer concerned in writing within 10 days from the receipt of the result. No charge is collected for resampling.When a seed lot, fails even after free sampling reprocessing can be taken upon special permission from Deputy Director Seed Certification. For such reprocessing a fee of Rs.20/- Q and lab charges Rs.10/- Q is collected.