Announcement 2001-98: Fill & Download for Free

You remember the time you thought about giving up because it was too hard?Being a sensitive kid myself, the never-say-die attitude preached by Sourav Ganguly has helped me to fight back in life. It is because of him I have learnt to never give up. Dada has not only changed the face of Indian cricket but also the lives of millions of his followers.Remember the famous Pepsi advertisement where he says, ‘Main aapka Dada. Aap bhule toh nahin?’His life has revolved mostly around 3 C’s – cricket, controversy and comebacks. The rest is history.As you prepare for 2018, take a moment and look back at Dada’s incredible comeback story. This should renew your faith that indeed comebacks are possible.With a majestic 131 on debut at Lords, he announced his arrival into the international cricket in style.Image source2. Sourav Ganguly took the captaincy at a time when Indians decided not to watch cricket anymore with the feeling of being cheated.Image sourceThe 2000 match-fixing scandal transformed Indian cricket into a puff of dust.But this man with some divine sense of grit transformed the whole system.Image sourceHe led India to a dramatic come-from-behind 2-1 series triumph against Australia in 2001.Image sourceStanding on the Lord’s balcony, Ganguly delivered the mother of all tit-for-tats in 2002.Image sourceWho can forget Flintoff charged topless around the Wankhede Stadium a few months earlier? This act shows how much he was hurt by that defeat and how eager he was to give it back to them.Dada took India to the 2003 WC Final on a pacy South African wicket.Image sourceHe almost ruined Steve Waugh’s farewell series.Image sourceA 1-1 stalemate against the mighty Australia meant India retained the Border-Gavaskar series in 2003-04.In 2004, Dada and his troops beat Pakistan 2-1. India claimed their first series victory overseas in more than a decade.Image sourceSoon, Greg Chappell picked up a fight with Ganguly in 2005.Only one side could win.Image sourceAfter several episodes of meetings and power-politics, it was Dada who was sacked.Image sourceThe whole of India were outraged.Railway lines and roads were blocked, national politicians protested at the treatment of ‘The Prince of Calcutta’.Image sourceThe Indian selectors told him to play domestic cricket over Christmas to get into ‘form’.Image sourceTo which he responded by missing Bengal’s two first-class games.Image sourceA ‘lovely’ quote followed from the new secretary of BCCI, Niranjan Shah: ‘What can we do if he does not play?’Image sourceGanguly took up the challenge, held his peace, worked on his fitness and believed he still has some cricket left in him.Image sourceHe came back, scored a formidable 51* in a low-scoring first test against South Africa and helped India win the match.Image sourceIndia lost the series, but Ganguly topped the batting charts with 214 runs in 3 matches.Image sourceThe Bengal Tiger was brought back into the ODI team against West Indies.Scored a fantastic 98 in his comeback match.Image sourceHe top scored for India in the 2007 WC with 160 runs in 3 matches.Image sourceSuddenly Dada was in the form of his life as he scored a monumental 239 against Pakistan.Image sourceIn 2008, he walked off into the sunset after more than a decade in international cricket.Image sourceIf there is one thing he loved, it was proving people wrong.Image source‘The Comeback King’ is simply outstanding at everything he does.Image sourceHis life has been defined by comebacks, every time people have written him off, he has risen from the ashes just like a phoenix.Image sourceHe taught me you can be the best no matter what people say. He taught us several things.The lessons of Dadagiri will always be remembered. We miss you, Dada.

Hem… first, I would ask him what does he actually means with a statement such as this:-¿Qué tan atrás estamos en educación frente a Brasil, Chile o Uruguay?-Con muchos países de la región estamos 30 años atrasados. Lo cual no quiere decir que tardemos eso en alcanzarlos. Los países de la región mejoraron creciendo sobre bases firmes que permitan crecimiento sólido.(-How much behind are we compared with Brasil, Chile and Uruguay?-We are 30 years backward in relation with many countries in the region. That doesn’t mean we can’t catch up them. The regional countries improved growing on firm bases which permited a solid gowing.)What race is he running? How did he measured quality in relation to years? Is he a total genius in Physics or just made a bombastic statement in middle of the rugby game that happens every year when the administration negotiates salaries with unions?Let’s take his statement as real, though we don’t have any probe about this round 30 years underdevelopment. Just for the matter of the question. What did Argentina do to be in this current condition? What should Argentinian governments do to improve education?Argentina has been a very slow and very hierachized State in educational matters. It’s a common and false belief that Sarmiento scholarized his current population. He was a visionary and started a process, but its results weren’t masive and fast. Only more than a hundred years after (2001) Argentina achieved 98% of its population at least entering Primary Education. In 1869 was 20%, in 1890 31%, in 1914 48%, in 1947 73%, in 1960 86%, in 1975 88%, in 1980 90%, in 1991 95%, in 2001 98% (Rivas and Bezem, 2009: 10). For High School things are worse, since wasn’t mandatory before 2006. The new waves that entered in High Schools are at least uncommon to the public managed Educational System and viceversa. For example, buildings like some Colegios Nacionales that were the place for elite education now are used by marginalized students which basically migrate from school to schools for different causes, some related to discipline and overage.Well, what should do the President or whatever guy interested in changing the landscape:-To stop putting random guys in the chair of Minister. The same as you put a doctor in the Health Ministry, you put someone who actually studied something related to educational policies -masters and doctorates exist in the country. Kirchner did it putting Tedesco, Macri did it by putting Narodowski as minister in Buenos Aires city. In case you put a random guy, stop moving him/her to different chairs in order to don’t make all the actors to learn about a new negotiation style and scenario every time. Be a bit predictable, create healthy routines for all the souls involved, like to really negotiate salaries at December.-To continue the implementation of standardized test without taking them as the holy truth or the “educational radiography” -President Macri used the expression, which is the title of a book he probably didn’t read but should. Don’t take the part as the whole, because that will generate a biased viewpoint about problems and their causes.-To negotiate with universities, which are autonomous by law, the use of entrance exams for all the careers -not based on quotas and charges, since Argentina needs desperately to increase its number of professionals and buildings have the capacity. To stimulate careers related with Education, Base Sciences and Engineering instead of Law and Economy which doesn’t mean to disfavour and marginate even more minoritary careers. The goal is to achieve economical and cultural grow by adaptation to demands and by increasing complexity. Governments are already doing some things, they should continue so.-Not to de-fund educational and science related institutions. Lo barato sale caro (cheaper can be pricey).-To stimulate the population to sent their children to kindergartens the earliest as possible. Governments are already doing it and benefits the child and his/her parents especially if they are poor and unexperienced or dangerous.-To educate teachers about certain learning difficulties related to biological reasons. Obviously, students with disabilities need more help than wath they are receiving, also dyslexics and ADHD. Some provinces already have laws, but they need to be implemented. Some are cheap, like to take dyslexics oral exams instead of writing ones, to use audiobooks if possible; other seems to be cheap but aren’t, like to use yellow paper and a bigger line spacing as usual.-To not use disruptive reforms that make implementators -aka teachers- to get against you. Which were disruptive reforms? That of the ‘90s, which reduced stability and salaries. If you are Santa Claus you rely on your little helpers and reindeers even to put your clothes on, so don’t mess up with them if you don’t want to get a cold.-This point get us to the thorniest one. How to behave with your little helpers? A neurotic approach is to fight with unions in terms of legitimacy whatever happens. You are starting off from a wrong point, it’s true that unions currently aren’t too much legitimate, that doesn’t mean that you are either -except from the very circumstantial support of some parents. If you want your policies at least to have the possibility to work you need to negotiate with legitimated actors. How do you do that? You change by law unions’ organization to make them more democratic and stimulate unionization to increase their representational base and debates. You also don’t do proposals that consist on lose-lose (like to restrict salaries in relation to inflation and to implement presentism), you only do win-win or lose-win ones (like to restrict salaries in relation to inflation and to reorder teaching hours in order to make routines easier, or to fund master studies).-Use a mixed merit-age hierarchy for teachers where merit is based on further and sustained education, not hundreds of little conferences and disconected lessons.-Instruct provinces to write laws and modern curriculums for adults in High Schools. 7 millions adults didn’t graduated from High Schools and constitute the large portion of unemployment and poorly educated labor force. Though High Schools for adults exist since ends of the XIXth century, there is no single curriculum in no province. As a result, education is anarchic and students have a difficult time finding meaningful content for themselves and passing from one school to other when they need so; teachers have it more difficult to agree directions with their colleages.-Reunite and systematize all the current laws in a single volume and website making sure that principals have one and all actors can know what are their rights and duties. If possible include critical comments.-To remake the discipline structure in State managed schools. The current approach is pretty stupid: the student do something bad, he gets sactioned in a book. That’s all. He/she continues doing bad things until achieves a record that allows the school to expel him/her -if the superiors aren’t against it. It certainly was a progress compared with corporal punishment, but isn’t a real solution and only deceives the student since there is no relation between the bad action and the penalty -the opposite to what happens in adult’s world. Private managed schools just expel faster or have a person who intercedes with parents -here it’s a relation fault/penalty by a short time succession. Some schools have started to implement mediations between students to prevent greater conflicts, that’s good though doesn’t work for bullies. Also stimulate classroom management in teacher education.- For poor people you make their subsides to be dependent on assistance to school by a montly based document not a yearly one, as it currently is; and preferably digitalized. That way you reduce absence.-To stimulate High Schools to start vocational orientation since the 13 or 14 years old and not at the 16–17. You do that with becas, national competences and explicit doctrine to the teachers. Specializations have to be real and not mere tokens. That’s difficult to control and to achieve in marginalized schools but it’s necessary to start.-To develop a diversified education with more laboral alternatives. BUT DO IT SERIOUSLY. Don’t be ni chicha ni limonada. If you want Ausbildung investigate what it is, what are its legal basis -like here and here- and the most important: be sure it’s attractive for little entrepeneurs and that they, you and private institutions will offer sufficient positions for students, salaries and real educational support. If you want Technical Schools be sure that a great part of their students will project to continue studies at Superior Education, they will have a great potential for careers Argentina is in need.-Poor performing schools need routinary and peaceful support. Don’t rush with interventions to destroy the few social bounds they have, rather stimulate the best teachers and social workers to go there.-For the same don’t do new teachers to “pagar el piso” in the craziest schools, help them with the advice of experienced teachers. Unify hours in a same building to have better communication and a predictable routines teacher-student.-It’s ok to have computers and cellphones in classrooms, if teachers know what to do with them and have a regulatory infrastructure that prevents watching anime on the Geography hour. On the contrary, don’t be surprised if they don’t use it or try the students to avoid them. Programming may be helpful, but try to produce specialized population since it’s uncertain how it will be placed in the future.-If you want that people start to read English and Portuguese stimulate the imports of those materials, or piracy or explicit teaching. But they don’t will get it by magic. Don’t rely on only one country as an example for your little helpers, call it Spain or Finland, because that makes you intellectually dependent on those countries and also biased. Cooperate with a wide range of them and have some trust on your own traditions, which are pretty diverse since academicians and teachers already import ideas by themselves.-To have in mind that if you want to extent educational hours by year you need to increase daily assitance hours at school. Thus you need more buildings because most public schools have more than one student shift -morning, afternoon, night. If you don’t have the money, don’t make vain promises and search other ways to improve education until you have the money.-Curriculum changes can be highly disrruptive. Always concentrate on the basics and have in mind that to cross contents along subjects can’t be your Joker card because times is limited. Sexual education can be a good cross content, since currently it tends to influence many areas of adult life, but not all contents can be crossed.-Don’t be a romantic and don’t romanticize the population because it basically makes you biased. Poors tend to perform poorly because they are poor and have other survival matters in mind, riches are better because they are rich and have better strategies and instruments (look at Bourdieu). For Primary and High Schools, private is better than public because of funding and organization, the same teacher usually teaches at both. At Superior Education, public and private aren’t opposites, big publics usually help the tiny privates with academicians and cooperation. Argentinian education historically changes slowly, also other countries do it, so don’t announce revolutions if you don’t want blood and don’t boast if you surprisingly achieve better results, rather suspect on your reporter.Those are some policies and attitudes that in my opinion will help Argentina to continue developing its education, some are basics and cheap others take more effort.

On 20July 2011 it was announced that American Airlines acquires 260 Airbus A320 Family aircraft (mostly A321s). Only a week later AA announced that it was ordering 98 B737–800 aircraft. AA has never ordered any B737–900 or 900ER, so clearly for larger single aisle jets it prefers the A321. That decision is not unique to AA as Airbus has sold 1800 A321ceos to just over 500 B737–900/900ER.AA B737–800 aircraft orders75 :::: 21. Nov. 199625 :::: 15. May. 19983 :::: 7. May. 19991 :::: 31. Dec. 19991 :::: 27. Jan. 20003 :::: 9. Aug. 20004 :::: 19. Oct. 20001 :::: 27. Nov. 20001 :::: 19. Dec. 20004 :::: 16. Jan. 20011 :::: 21. Feb. 20011 :::: 20. Mar. 20014 :::: 31. Dec. 20014 :::: 20. Nov. 20072 :::: 10. Dec. 20071 :::: 31. Jan. 20081 :::: 11. Feb. 20081 :::: 12. Mar. 20082 :::: 11. Apr. 20082 :::: 29. May. 20082 :::: 30. Jun. 20081 :::: 29. Jul. 200826 :::: 8. Aug. 20088 :::: 9. Jun. 200935 :::: 21. Jul. 201098 :::: 27. Jul. 2011307 total