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Geoff McGhee is an online journalist who spent a year during his John S. Knight Journalism Fellowship at Stanford interviewing and researching some of the 'thought leaders' of data visualization, whether that be people or organizations. He compiled his research into a video documentary which can and should be viewed at http://datajournalism.stanford.edu/.This is currently the best starting point into the world of data visualization thought leaders that I am aware of.I've listed the individuals highlighted in the video and included their bios below in order of appearance (excuse typos—had to ocr).Fernanda ViegasViegas is a visualization researcher who joined Google's "Big Picture" data visualization group in the summer of 2010, together with her longtime collaborator at IBM Research, Martin Wattenberg. Viegas is known for using visualization to explore social interchanges in email, chat histories and Wikipedia edit trails. Following on their groundbreaking work creating the public visualization tool ManyEyes, Viegas and Wattenberg recently released TimeFlow, a free downloadable chronological analysis tool for journalists and researchers.Martin WattenbergWattenberg is a prominent visualization researcher and artist, known forinfluential works such as the Baby Name Voyager(2005) and the SmartMoneyMap of the Market (1998). The latter was a milestone visualization in the service of journalism, modifying the "treemap" visualization format of Shneiderman to display a live snapshot of the stock market. Wattenberg spent five years at IBM Research, during which time he co-developed the public visualization tool ManyEyes. Along with his longtime collaborator Fernanda Viegas, Wattenberg joined Google's Cambridge-based research lab in the summer of 2010.Ben FryFry's work spans the worlds of science, technology, art and communication. At the MIT Media Lab, he co-developed the open-source programming toolProcessing with Casey Reas. Processing provides a simple, accessible interface for non-programmers to harness the graphics generation capabilities of the Java programming language. He also wrote the book "Visualizing Data“ (2007), which offers detailed step-by-step instructions for creating some of his most well-known visualizations. Fry recently started a new consulting firm called Fathom that is producing interactive visualizations for such clients as GE Healthcare. His work has been shown in major museums around the world.Aaron KoblinAaron Koblin made a splash with "Flight Patterns," (2004) his influentialvisualization of a single day's airtraffic over the United States. Since getting his masters’ degree from UCLA's Design | Media Arts school, he has had a wide-ranging career in design, visualization, and generative art. He has crowd-sourced songs and drawings using Mechanical Turk, Amazon's web-based system for assigning minute tasks, and at Google's Creative Lab he works on "Chrome Experiments,“ a site intended to showcase the advanced features of modern web browsers. He has collaborated with bands like Radiohead, Interpol and the Arcade Fire to create visualization-driven music videos.Jeffrey HeerHeer is a prolific contributor to the field of information visualization. He led the development of three open source toolkits designed to ease the process of creating visualizations: Prefuse (2004), Flare (2008) and Protovis (2009). Heer is also interested in the social interactions around visualization; in 2006 he worked with the IBM researchers Martin Wattenberg and Fernanda Viégas to create Sense.us a collaborative visualization tool that allowed users to mark and comment on historical employment data from the U.S. Census Bureau. He teaches a course in data visualization at Stanford.Steve DuenesDuenes manages a staff of about 30 graphics editors doing reporting, 2D and 3D illustration, programming, interactive design, data analysis and cartography. The group has retooled in the past five years, developing an online graphics capacity to match its reputation in print, with an array of new tools, templates, interface conventions and code libraries. "We're now assembling teams with greater numbers of people on them," he says, "than we used to in order to assemble a print graphic."Amanda CoxWith degrees in mathematics, economics and statistics, Cox has brought new refinement and innovation to The Times’ graphical presentations of quantitative data. She frequently uses the statistical applicationR to plot data sets— often using algorithms developed in the academic world—then outputs them either as line art for print publication, or she works with her colleagues to translate them into Flash code for interactive presentations.J. Paige WestAs the director of nbcnews.com - Breaking news, science and tech news, world news, US news, local news's Interactive Studio in Redmond, Wash, Westmanages a group of about a dozen staff divided evenly between developers and designers. The Interactive Studio creates multimedia and interactive features for one of the most popular U.S. news websites, as well as and tools and templates for producers throughout the MSNBC.oom newsroom. In 2009, MSNBC bought the hyper-local data aggregator Everyblock.com opening the door to blending highly detailed local information with MSNBC's nationally-focused news.Scott Byrne-FraserByrne-Fraser is the Creative Director of the BBC News website. He manages a team of about eight designers, eight journalists and four developers who create maps, infographics, charts and data visualizations. He comes from a background producing 3D and motion graphics for broadcast news at Sky Television. He wants to foster collaboration between the traditionally separate on-air and online graphics teams at the BBC. "We‘ve got a huge TV design team, a huge online design team, and they're currently totally separate silos, and I want to bring the two together so we can do more videos online." He is also working to re-orient the group's focus towards more data analysis and visualization.Nigel HolmesThe former graphics director of Time Magazine and a prolific informationgraphics designer, Nigel Holmes is known for tackling complex and difficultsubjects — the Iraq war, the economic crisis, for example— in ways that are clear and engaging. About some contemporary visualizations he says, "it seems to me to be playing with data rather than extracting meaning from it." He is the author of "Wordless Diagrams," a series of visual explanations that uses no text at all. He is a frequent contributor to publications like Good Magazine, The New York Times Op—Ed page, Wired and the Atlantic Monthly.Richard Koci HernandezHernandez is an Emmy-winning visual journalist who worked at the San JoseMercury News for 15 years. As a visiting fellow at the University of California,Berkeley's Knight Center for Digital Media, he conducts research and trainingprograms in multimedia journalism. Visualization has turned out to be the toughest training challenge, he says. "ln terms of multimedia skills, that's been from my experience the one where we‘ve lacked the most."Alberto CairoAlberto Cairo led the El Mundo.es infographics team in the early 2000s, a time when they and their Madrid rivals El Pais were creating some of the most innovative and sophisticated online graphics in the industry. He taughtinformation graphics and design at the journalism school of the University ofNorth Carolina, where he oversaw a number of standout multimedia projectsand authored the handbook" lntogratia 2.0“ a guide to infographics andcartography. Since 2004, he has co-instructed the workshop in onlineinfographics at the University of Navarre in Spain. In 2009 he joined the Brazilian magazine publishing firm Globo as their director of infographics.John GrimwadeGrimwade is a respected information graphics designer and educator. He is the longtime graphics director for Condé Nast Traveler, and was shared withPortfolio Magazine during its brief run that ended in 2009. He teaches information graphics at the School of Visual Arts in New York City and has been an instructor at the "Show Don‘t Tell" workshop at the Malofiej lnfographics Conference in Pamplona since 1993. A veteran of newspaper information graphics at the Times of London, Grimwade has frequently called for data visualizations to be held to strict standards of transparency and clarity.Hannah FairfieldFairfield was a graphics editor for The New York Times from 1999-2010. Inrecent years, she produced the innovative "Metrics" column, a large-formatinformation graphic in the Times’ Sunday business section. With relatively long lead times, she was able to experiment with new graphic forms and sophisticated data presentations of subjects like home foreclosures, unemployment and the difference in salaries between male and female workers. In September 2010, Fairfield became Graphics Director of The Washington Post.Alvaro ValinoValino is part of a five-person team creating information graphics at the Spanish newspaper Publioo. The paper's spare and clean graphic style and ambitious data visualizations netted it 21 medals at the Malofiej awards in 2010, all the more impressive given that the paper was only in its second year of publication. Interestingly, the Publico team has applied a data vis-heavy approach to not only business and hard news stories, but to arts, sports and culture stories, such as graphics exploring EdgarAllen Poe's literary legacy and Paul Newman's career. A visualization of NBA playoff history won a silver medal at Malofiej.Thomas MolenThomas Molen's graphic visualizing votes by country for the 2008 EurovisionSong Contest was a surprise winner of the Malofiej oompetition's prestigious"Best in Show" award for 2010. The graphic sought to investigate whetherEastern European fans voted as a block for other Eastern European countries.Nicholas FeltonNicholas Felton is a graphic designer with an emphasis on visualizaing datathroughout his work. His clients includeCNN, The Wall Street Journal New York Magazine and Wired. Since 2005 he has been publishing personal "annual reports" of his year made with statistical ephemera. In this vein he co-founded the web service Daytum.com which he describes as "a site for counting and communicating daily data." He describes his work variously as "data blogging" and creating "data heirlooms."Eric RodenbeckRodenbeck is a partner in Stamen Design, an influential visualization andinteractive design firm in San Francisco. Stamen's work straddles art, design, news and technology. The company has designed applications and visualizations for clients like MTV, MSNBC, NBC Sports, the London 2012 Olympic Committee, Trulia and others. Stamen's work focuses frequently on visualizing live data streams, such as Twitter activity around entertainment events, or crime data from Oakland and San Francisco. Stamen is a winner of the 2010 Knight News Challenge for a project called "Citytracking", which is intended to help users create visualizations from municipal data.Ola RoslingRosling joined Google in 2007 after its purchase of the nonprofit company called Gapminder that he co-founded with his father, Hans Rosling (the voluble Swedish public health researcher known for his animated TED Talkspresentations on human development). Google incorporated Gapminder's"Trendalyzer" technology for creating animated bubble plots into its onlinespreadsheet tools and, most recently, into a new product called Public DataExplorer.Malofiej Infographics ConferenceThe Malofiej conference and competition is sometimes called "the Pulitzers of information graphics." Held every year since 1993 at the University of Navarre in Pamplona, Spain, it brings together a hundred-plus practitioners of infographics from around the world. It is organized by the Society for News Design, Spain (SND-E). It incorporates workshops, lectures and an awards ceremony that spans a range of breaking news and features categories. In recent years, the most celebrated work has shifted from elaborate illustrations toward abstract and artful representations of data.Dana PriestDana Priest is an investigative reporter forThe Washington Post, celebrated for exposes on conditions in Walter Reed Army Medical Centerand secret CIA prisons She recently co-authored theTop Secret Americaseries on national security contractors, which included a multimedia and data visualization-rich online presentation.One other mentioned in the data journalism video, but not called out with a bio is Mike Bostock, now working for Square. He has developed many of the tools that other online data visualization artists use, such as D3 and Protovis.

This is a select list of institutions that receive WES evaluation reports. It should not be construed as an endorsement by any organization.A.T. Still University (ATSU)AACOMASAACPMASAcademy of Art UniversityACOTRO-Assoc of Can. 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APJ Abdul Kalam: Unparalleled Genius and Spiritual TechnocratDr. Abdul Kalam died on July 27, 2015, at Shillong, after he lost consciousness while delivering a lecture. He was 83. He was buried at Rameshwaram with full state honours and Islamic rites. The funeral was attended by an ocean of people. This demonstrated a kind of love and adulation he had in the hearts of the people, which is unparalleled in recent history. He truly proved to be Peoples’ President, loved by all and hated by none.It is the policy of the worldmuslimpedia to publish biographies of only living Muslim greats. However, as a tribute to Late Abdul Kalam, his biography will continue to appear for one year.Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was an Indian scientist and administrator who served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007.AP. J. Abdul KalamFormer President of IndiaAvul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was an Indian scientist and administrator who served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007Born: October 15, 1931 (age 83), RameswaramFull name: Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul KalamAwards: Bharat Ratna, moreParents: Ashiamma Jainulabiddin, Jainulabiddin MarakayarEducation: Madras Institute of Technology(1955–1960), St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli (1954)The romance of Dr APJ Kalam's ascending is indeed contemporary India's best fairy tale material. His story reads like the Indian version of Abraham Lincoln's from –log-house-to-Whitehouse saga. What makes this story especially delightful is the tribute and salute offered to his talent and contribution by the ever-shifting never trusted politicians of India. Dr Kalam epitomizes the “spiritual technocrat” and his elevation to Rashtrapati Bhavan is testimony to the universal admiration we have for spotless integrity in modern times, despite the corruption enveloping our lives. His life story is an allegory of the glory of unwavering sincerity, faith and devotion to great values of life.A simple, devout and disciplined boat owner's son, Dr APJ Abdul Kalam was born in 1931into a middle class family in Rameswaram. He learnt his first great lessons in the school of his father’s daily routine and faith. He himself pays homage to his father’s simple and great life.” I have throughout my life tried to emulate my father in my world of science and technology,” says Dr Kalam, "I have endeavored to understand the fundamental truths revealed to me by my father, and feel convinced that there exists a divine power that can lift one from confusion, misery, melancholy and failure, and guide one to one’s true place."This training has defined Dr Kalam's life. Before reaching the top he had his share of failures; but his faith made him turn every failure into a teacher. In his career he went up the ladder defeating his failures, which generally defeat a man without a faith. Starting a senior Scientific Assistant at the DTP (Air).He moved on to INCOSPAR as a rocket engineer, and then to NASA. On his return from NASA, he was first involved in India’s first rocket launch in 1963.Later he was handpicked by the great Dr Vikram Sarabhai and was chosen to be a project leader. To him was entrusted the job of designing the fourth stage of India 's satellite launch vehicle(SLV).How Dr Kalam learnt to cope with surmount failures is amply testified by the incident of SLV3 failure. He remembers the failed attempt not as a depressing defeat but as an incident which became an opportunity to learn great lesson. He recalls the lesson he received from his mentor, Dr Brahm Prakash, “To live only for some unknown future is superficial. It is like climbing a mountain to reach the peak without experiencing its sides. The sides of the mountain sustain life, not the peak. This is where things grow, experience is gained, and technologies are measured. The importance of the peak lies only in the fact that it defines the sides. So I went on towards the top, but always experiencing the sides. I had a long way to go but I was no in hurry. I went in little steps-just one step after another-but each step towards the top."The lesson was indeed learnt well in July 1980 India’s first Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV3) was successfully launched, and with this launch India joined the club of countries having satellite launch capability.It is customary to state that India’s rocketry and missile programme took grant strides under Dr Kalam's Supervision. India’s space odyssey had its great Odysseus in Dr Kalam. He is to a great extent, responsible for making India a missile power, and gave Indian defense forces formidable weaponry. As a defense scientist he was chiefly responsible for developing India's defense arsenal by producing missiles Agni, Prithvi, Akash, Trishul and Nag. He is also credited with guiding India to the status of a Nuclear Power.Dr Kalam has been honored by his countrymen, befitting his contribution and stature, the greatest civilian honor, the Bharat-Ratan, and the highest Indian office in the Rashtrapati Bhavan. But he is remembered today as one who turns his audience into a class of inquisitive students, wherever he goes. It was on several occasions a great sight, never seen before, when the Indian President addressed his audience and invited people to ask him questions. He would receive a great response and then answer the questions in the fashion of a professor explaining some equations to his students. This image will abide in the minds of all Indians.A gifted visionary, Dr Kalam has prepared a roadmap for the India of 21st century. His vision 2020 projects India as a superpower, an economic giant and a great nation of modern times. His faith in India's great future has given all Indians a true reason to smile with hope, confidence and pride. He is today India's most respected, popular and most trusted man and fascinates all as one whose life is equally colored by spirituality and atomic energy, by missile technology and the vina (a musical instrument) by science and poetry, by queries and faith.It is interesting to learn that the man whose life is devoted to science and technology finds his philosophy of life in the Holy Quran, the Divine life and the works of Khalil Gibran.1. ProfileHis own website describes his profile as follows:Born on 15th October 1931 at Rameswaram in Tamil Nadu, Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, specialized in Aeronautical Engineering from Madras Institute of Technology. Dr. Kalam made significant contribution as Project Director to develop India's first indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which successfully injected the Rohini satellite in the near earth orbit in July 1980 and made India an exclusive member of Space Club. He was responsible for the evolution of ISRO's launch vehicle programme, particularly the PSLV configuration. After working for two decades in ISRO and mastering launch vehicle technologies, Dr. Kalam took up the responsibility of developing Indigenous Guided Missiles at Defence Research and Development Organization as the Chief Executive of Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP).MAULANA SAALIM QASMIMaulana Muhammad Salim Qasmi: Distinguished, Respected and Accomplished Theologian, Islamic Scholar and Guide ​Maulana Muhammad Salim Qasmi is surely one of the most distinguished theologians,…Read moreHe was responsible for the development and operationalization of AGNI and PRITHVI Missiles and for building indigenous capability in critical technologies through networking of multiple institutions. He was the Scientific Adviser to Defence Minister and Secretary, Department of Defence Research & Development from July 1992 to December 1999. During this period he led to the weaponisation of strategic missile systems and the Pokhran-II nuclear tests in collaboration with Department of Atomic Energy, which made India a nuclear weapon State. He also gave thrust to self-reliance in defense systems by progressing multiple development tasks and mission projects such as Light Combat Aircraft.As Chairman of Technology Information, Forecasting and Assessment Council (TIFAC) and as an eminent scientist, he led the country with the help of 500 experts to arrive at Technology Vision 2020 giving a road map for transforming India from the present developing status to a developed nation. Dr. Kalam has served as the Principal Scientific Advisor to the Government of India, in the rank of Cabinet Minister, from November 1999 to November 2001 and was responsible for evolving policies, strategies and missions for many development applications. Dr. Kalam was also the Chairman, Ex-officio, of the Scientific Advisory Committee to the Cabinet (SAC-C) and piloted India Millennium Mission 2020.BornAvul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam15 October 1931 (age 83)Rameswaram,Ramanathapuram District,ChennaiPresidency, British India(now in Tamil Nadu, India)NationalityIndianAlma materSt Joseph's College, TiruchirapalliMadras Institute of TechnologyProfessionProfessor, author, scientist, presidentAerospace engineerReligionIslamWebsiteabdulkalam.com2. Awards, Titles and Honours1981Padma BhushanGovernment of India1990Padma VibhushanGovernment of India1994Distinguished FellowInstitute of Directors (India)1997Bharat RatnaGovernment of India1997Indira Gandhi Award for National IntegrationIndian National Congress1998Veer Savarkar AwardGovernment of India2000Ramanujan AwardAlwars Research Centre, Chennai2007Honorary Doctorate of ScienceUniversity of Wolver Hampton, UK2007King Charles II MedalRoyal Society, UK2008Doctor of Engineering (Honoris Causa)Nanyang Techl University, Singapore2009International von Kármán Wings AwardCalifornia Institute of Tech, USA2009Hoover MedalASME Foundation, USA2009Honorary DoctorateOakland University2010Doctor of EngineeringUniversity of Waterloo2011IEEE Honorary MembershipIEEE2012Doctor of Laws (Honoris Causa)Simon Fraser University2014Doctor of ScienceEdinburgh University3. Kalam's WritingsDevelopments in Fluid Mechanics and Space Technology by A P J Abdul Kalam and Roddam Narasimha; Indian Academy of Sciences, 1988India 2020: A Vision for the New Millennium by A P J Abdul Kalam, Y S Rajan; New York, 1998.Wings of Fire: An Autobiography by A P J Abdul Kalam, Arun Tiwari; Universities Press, 1999.Ignited Minds: Unleashing the Power Within India by A P J Abdul Kalam; Viking, 2002.The Luminous Sparks by A P J Abdul Kalam, by; Punya Publishing Pvt Ltd, 2004.Mission India by A P J Abdul Kalam, Paintings by Manav Gupta; Penguin Books, 2005Inspiring Thoughts by A P J Abdul Kalam; Rajpal & Sons, 2007Indomitable Spirit by A P J Abdul Kalam; Rajpal and Sons PublishingEnvisioning an Empowered Nation by A P J Abdul Kalam with A Sivathanu Pillai; Tata McGraw-Hill, New DelhiYou Are Born To Blossom: Take My Journey Beyond by A P J Abdul Kalam and Arun Tiwari; Ocean Books, 2011Turning Points: A journey through challenges by A P J Abdul Kalam; Harper Collins India, 2012.Target 3 Billion" by A P J Abdul Kalam and Srijan Pal Singh; December 2011 | Publisher Penguin Books.My Journey: Transforming Dreams into Actions by A P J Abdul Kalam; August 2013 by the Rupa Publication.A Manifesto for Change: A Sequel to India 2020 by A P J Abdul Kalam and V Ponraj; July 2014 by Harper Collins.4. BiographiesEternal Quest: Life and Times of Dr Kalam by S Chandra; Pentagon Publishers, 2002.President A P J Abdul Kalam by R K Pruthi; Anmol Publications, 2002.A P J Abdul Kalam: The Visionary of India by K Bhushan, G Katyal; A P H Pub Corp, 2002.A Little Dream (documentary film) by P. Dhanapal; Minveli Media Works Private Limited, 2008.The Kalam Effect: My Years with the President by P M Nair; Harper Collins, 2008.My Days with Mahatma Abdul Kalam by Fr A K George; Novel Corporation, 2009.(Source: Wikipedia)5. Vision 2020 Missions5.1 Vision for the NationVision 2020 for Passenger AircraftEvolution of India Vision 2020National Missions and opportunitiesIntegrated actions for developmentRegional development leads to the bestAmbience In The Nation 2007Economic development: Transforming India into a developed nationGrowth Competitive IndexGlobal Human Resource cadreNational Prosperity IndexPossible Ambience in 2020Distinctive Profile of India 20205.2 Innovation and India’s Role in the Knowledge EconomyJun 25 2008Dear friends, let me share with you "Innovation ecosystem to empower Indian innovations". I will discuss about few instances of Indian innovations.Innovation in IT: We all know about the recent rise of India’s IT sector. Today the IT sector employs more than 2 million persons and contributes roughly 25% of India’s exports. The IT sector also contributes around 4% to India’s GDP. When you consider that the IT sector employs just 0.2% of the population, you can see that the IT sector is contributing many times its share to the Indian economy. Indeed it is not wrong to say that the IT sector, perhaps single-handedly, changed the world’s perception about India. IT is not the only area where India is innovative.Innovation in Consumer items: The sachet of shampoo that costs just Rs. 2, or about five cents! Imagine producing something for five cents that includes not just the aluminum for the sachet, but also its contents, not to mention the cost of distribution. Yet these sachets can be found everywhere in India.Innovation in Cell phone Business model: Today villagers are all speaking on cell phone. India has the cheapest telephone rates in the world, for both land lines as well as cell phones. India also has the fastest growing telecom market in the world, adding roughly eight million cell phones every month! This amazing growth has been made possible because the Indian cell phone service providers have a number of innovative business models, such as free incoming calls, prepaid calling cards, etc. We should remember that innovation in business models is also innovation!Innovation in healthcare: Next innovation let me focus on the "Jaipur foot," which was originally made for about $ 28, by itself a very low price. But the DRDO applied its technical competence to the problem, and designed a still lighter and more durable foot called FRO using carbon-composite material. The Nizam Institute of Medical Sciences in Hyderabad also developed a very low-cost "stent" that brought down the price of stents by more than 90% to the Indian consumers. Similarly, the cost of a heart bypass surgery in India is just about $ 3? 5K, compared to more than $ 50K abroad.Innovation in Election system: India’s democratic society also benefits from Indian innovation. We see here an Electronic Voting Machine used in our elections. Foreigners are often surprised to find out that in Indian elections, 100% of the voting is through EVMs. In recent times doubts have been raised about the reliability of the software used in electronic voting machines in some other countries. Our EVMs are based on push button technology (rather than touch screen technology) which makes them absolutely tamper-proof. Moreover, it is also possible to have a "recount" in the case of close contests, without any difficulty. In some regions, Election Commission carrying EVMs on elephant back particularly in Northeastern area is by itself an innovation in transportation.Innovation in Nuclear Science: On 11 May 2008, I was with the members of the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) on the occasion of the National Technology Day celebrations-2008 and distributed the DAE Awards-2006. I have seen 400 scientists who have shown excellent performance in Science, Engineering and Technology in Department of Atomic Energy. Their innovations in the nuclear science and technology will have tremendous potential; I would like to particularly mention a few, such asCarbide fuel processing in the nuclear Fast reactors at IGCAR, DAE;reduced use of uranium to attain the same level of performance in power generation by DAEIndigenous design and development of an unique variable low energy positron beam system to enable depth-resolved defect studies at surfaces and interfaces of materials;BHABHA-TRON? the first indigenous tele-cobalt machine;design and development of optically pumped infrared molecular gas lasers producing output at 16 micron for molecular uranium isotope separation are some the innovative research which I have witnessed.Innovation in other Science and Technology departments: Dear friends, our scientists in multiple scientific departments have worked for self-reliance and have succeeded. Some of the innovative examples such asa. Making the cryogenic engine; Successful launch of 10 satellites in one go and Successful Satellite Recovery Experiment by ISRO;b. Anti-Ballistic Missile System and Indigenous Ring Laser Gyro based INS with high impact accuracy in Agni-III by DRDOc. Flight control system for LCA by ADAAre some of the innovative achievements which stand today as witness to Indian innovations in science and technology?Innovation in Rural transformation through Jatropha : Let me now focus at the innovation in rural transformation through Jatropha. Rani-dhera a tribal village in Chhattisgarh state which was steeped in darkness after sun set has been lighted with Jatropha oil drawn straight from the seeds. The villages are paying rupees 20 per light per month. This innovation has been promoted by Department of New and Renewable energy sources in partnership with an NGO. Rani-Dhera is bubbling with activities and per capita income of the village has gone up due to the availability of power and light.One of the unique studies carried out by CSIR through the collaborative effort of over 150 scientists has led to innovation in Genetic mapping of Indian Population.Innovation in Genetic Mapping of Indian Population: Indian Statistical institute, Kolkata and anthropologists from various institutes of India, and the Centre for Genomic Applications, Delhi, has generated genetic information on over 4000 genetic markers from over 1000 bio-medically important and Pharmaco-genetically relevant genes in reference populations encompassing diversity of populations from across the country. This study has resulted in clear genetic profile of our populations, explicitly indicating that there is a strong association between genetic and linguistic profiles in India and that there are significant genetic differences in the frequencies of disease-associated genetic markers. For example, this study has revealed that a known protective genetic marker against HIV-1 is virtually absent in India, implying the absence of natural or genetic protection against HIV-AIDS in our country.Similarly friends, the industry and service sectors have shown marked growth and our economy is in the ascent phase right from 2003. All this clearly shows that the country’s landmark decision to become a nuclear weapon state has given strength to the nation. The confidence in the country has increased the spirit that "We can do it". India has always risen to the occasion when we are constrained, the technological sanction after 1998 has not deterred our progress but has strengthened the minds of every Indian to become self-reliant in critical technologies. We should understand our own strength first in the scientific and technological achievements that we have made so far and give confidence and encouragement to the scientists who are working towards making the nation proud.So can we ask: What drives innovation in India? India has a unique blend of ingredients. We have a shortage of capital, so we have to be very innovative to stretch our limited capital. By and large, the general perception is that the government agencies are not able to deliver citizen services effectively, at any level, be it national, state, or regional. But fortunately, we have had democracy, so that individual citizens have been free to evolve local solutions for local problems. Until now our local innovations have not been able to spread outside India excepting in certain sectors such as pharmaceutical, Banking, IT Enabled Services, Software and Automobiles and recently the nano car. Now is the time, for all of us to work together to make Indian innovation to become globalized and have a worldwide impact.By, Dr. APJ Abdul Kalamwww.abdulkalam.com6. Speeches / LecturesRecent1667.Pravaranagar, Loni, Ahmednagar Dist, 05/01/2015 - Address at the Inauguration of Golden Jubilee of Pravara Rural Education Society& Pravara Public School1666.Mumbai, 04/01/2015 - Inauguration of 102nd National Children’s Science Congress (NCSC)1665.IIT Bombay, 04/01/2015 - Address at the Inauguration of the Techfest 20151664.Mumbai, 04/01/2015 - Address at the Diamond Jubilee Celebrations Vani Vidyalaya, Mulund (West)1663.Mumbai , 03/01/2015 - Address at the National Oral Health Care Awards Function Of Indian Dental Association1662.Lucknow, 23/12/2014 - Address and interaction at Manfest-Varchasva Leadership Lecture IIM1661.Lucknow, 23/12/2014 - Address and interaction with the Students of Colvin Taluqdars' College,1660.Bangalore, 19/12/2014 - Address during the Centenary Celebrations of BK Mariyappa’s Charities1659.Bangalore, 19/12/2014 - Address at the Dedication of Swami Chidananda Sevashram1658.Bangalore, 19/12/2014 - Address and interaction with the Students at Science Festa at Christ Academy, Bangalore1657.Chennai, 18/12/2014 - Address during the inauguration of the 10th Chennayil Thiruvaiyaru (Carnatic Music Festival in December)1656.Avadi,, 18/12/2014 - Address at the 5th National Conference on Condition Monitoring CVRDE,1655.Puducherry, 09/12/2014 - Inaugural Address at the NACLIN 2014 National Convention on Knowledge, Library, and Information Networking1654.Sathyabama University, Chennai, 09/12/2014 - Inauguration of Research & Development Centre Sathyabama University1653.Chennai, 08/12/2014 - Address & interaction with Engineers, Technologists, & Staff of Anjanasoft Solutions1652.Madras School of Economics, Chennai, 08/12/2014 - 7th SAGE-MSE Endowment Lecture1651.Pune, 04/12/2014 - Address at Kirloskar Brothers Limited1650.Pune, 04/12/2014 - Address at Innovation Concourse Gabriel India Limited1649.Angul, Odisha, 29/11/2014 - Address to the Students of Angul1648.Sambalpur, 29/11/2014 - Address at the Inauguration of 150th Year Celebrations of Chandra Sekhar Behera Zilla School,1647.Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, 22/11/2014 - Inauguration of State Level 22nd National Children’s Science Congress (NCSC)1646.Allahabad, 21/11/2014 - Address and Interaction with the students of SS Khanna Girls Degree College,1645.Ahmedabad, 19/11/2014 - Address at IGNITE 14 Award Ceremony1644.Lekawada, Gandhinagar, 19/11/2014 - Address at the Chaitanya School1643.Kottayam, 14/11/2014 - Address at the Valedictory Session of the International Book Fair and Science Fest Organized by Kerala State Council for S&T and Kerala State Institute of Language and DC Books1642.Thiruvananthapuram, 14/11/2014 - Address at the Convocation of Govt. Ayurveda College,1641.Kochi, 13/11/2014 - Address at the Presentation of First NKP Ayur Samman to Dr PK Warrier, Chief Physician1640.Beijing, China, 07/11/2014 - Course to Peking University Students on "Sustainable Development System and Creative Leadership" By Dr APJ Abdul Kalam at Peking University1639.Beijing, China, 06/11/2014 - Lecture by Dr APJ Abdul Kalam at College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University, Beijing, China1638.PEKING UNIVERSITY, 05/11/2014 - Conferment of Honorary Professor of PEKING UNIVERSITY1637.Beijing, China, 05/11/2014 - Course to Peking University Students on "Sustainable Development System and Creative Leadership" by Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Peking University, Beijing, China1636.Nehru Memorial Museum & Library, New Delhi, 30/10/2014 - Address at the inauguration of Exhibition The Nobel Prize : Ideas Changing the World1635.Gandhi Smriti, New Delhi, 30/10/2014 - Brief Address at the Prayer Meeting In memory of Arutchelvar Dr N Mahalingam1634.Dhaka, Bangladesh, 18/10/2014 - Address at the 110th Anniversary of the Metropolitan Chamber of Commerce and Industry1633.Dhaka, 17/10/2014 - Address and Interaction with participants of Youth Dialogue1632.Shaikpet, Hyderabad, 11/10/2014 - Address and interaction with the students of International School1631.IACP, Hyderabad, 11/10/2014 - Inaugural Address at the First International and The Ninth Annual Conference of Indian Academy of Cerebral Palsy1630.PUSA, New Delhi, 09/10/2014 - Inauguration of Ayurvet Knowledge Symposium 2014 Integrating Agriculture and Livestock for Sustainability1629.Bagar, Rajasthan, 08/10/2014 - Address and interaction with the Headmasters of Schools, Fellows from Various Institutions at Piramal School of Leadership1628.Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, 08/10/2014 - Address and interaction with the Students7. From His DiaryThe environment in the home alternated by happiness and sadness. I used to get up at four in the morning, take bath and went to my teacher Swamiyar for learning mathematics. He will not accept students if they had not taken bath. He was a unique mathematics teacher and he used to take only five students for free tuition in a year. My mother used to get up before me, and gave bath to me and prepared me to go for the tuition. I use to comeback at 5:30 when my father would be waiting for taking me to the Namaz and Koran Sharif learning in Arabic school. After that I used to go to Rameswaram Road Railway station, three kilometers away to collect newspaper. Madras Dhanushkodi Mail will pass through the station but will not stop, since it was war time. The newspaper bundle will be thrown from the running train to the platform.I used to collect the paper and run around the Rameswaram town and be the first one to distribute the newspapers in the town. My elder cousin brother was the agent who went away to Sri Lanka in search of better livelihood. After distribution, I used to come home at 8 AM. My mother will give me a simple breakfast with a special quota compared to other children because I was studying and working simultaneously. After the school gets over in the evening, again I will go around Rameswaran for collection of dues from customers. I still remember an incident which I would like to share with you. As a young boy I was walking, running and studying all together. One day, when all my brothers and sisters were sitting and eating, my mother went on giving me chapattis (even though we are rice eaters only, wheat was rationed). When I finished eating, my elder brother called me privately and scolded "Kalam do you know what was happening? You went on eating Chappati, and mother went on giving you. She has given all her chapattis to you. It is difficult time. Be a responsible son and do not make your mother starve". First time I had a shivering sensation and I could not control myself. I rushed to my mother and hugged her. Even though I was studying in 5th class, I had a special place in my home because I was the last guy in the family. There used to be no electricity. Our house was lit by the kerosene lamp that too between 7 to 9 PM. My mother specially gave me a small kerosene lamp so that I can study up to 11 PM. I still remember my mother in a full moon night which has been portrayed with the title "mother" in my book "Wings of Fire".Mother"I still remember the day when I was ten,Sleeping on your lap to the envy of my elder brothers and sisters.It was full moon night, my world only you knew Mother! My Mother!When at midnight, I woke with tears falling on my kneeYou knew the pain of your child, My Mother.Your caring hands, tenderly removing the painYour love, your care, your faith gave me strength,To face the world without fear and with His strength.We will meet again on the great Judgment Day. My Mother!This is the story of my mother who lived ninety three years, a woman of love, a woman of kindness and above all a woman of divine nature. My mother performed Namaz five times every day. During Namaz, my mother always looked angelic. Every time I saw her during Namaz I was inspired and moved.8. Looking BeyondNational Emergency Service: A VisionEnergy Independence in India - A PerspectiveWorld Knowledge PlatformAmbience in the NationTechnology through AgesResearch ChallengesIntegrated Action for developed IndiaMedia Researche-Courts leading to e-Judiciary - A VisionNetworking of Dental CentersInnovation is the capitalSpace Vision 2050Next Generation BRAHMOSConnectivity for societal transformationIndomitable Spirit9. Kalam QuotesYou have to dream before your dreams can come true.​My message, especially to young people is to have courage to think differently, courage to invent, to travel the unexplored path, courage to discover the impossible and to conquer the problems and succeed. These are great qualities that they must work towards. This is my message to the young people.Let me define a leader. He must have vision and passion and not be afraid of any problem. Instead, he should know how to defeat it. Most importantly, he must work with integrity.To succeed in your mission, you must have single-minded devotion to your goal.​When we tackle obstacles, we find hidden reserves of courage and resilience we did not know we had. And it is only when we are faced with failure do we realise that these resources were always there within us. We only need to find them and move on with our lives.​The bird is powered by its own life and by its motivation.​Creativity is the key to success in the future, and primary education is where teachers can bring creativity in children at that level.​Let me define a leader. He must have vision and passion and not be afraid of any problem. Instead, he should know how to defeat it. Most importantly, he must work with integrity.​You see, God helps only people who work hard. That principle is very clear.​One of the very important characteristics of a student is to question. Let the students ask questions.​We should not give up and we should not allow the problem to defeat us.Poetry comes from the highest happiness or the deepest sorrow.​We will be remembered only if we give to our younger generation a prosperous and safe India, resulting out of economic prosperity coupled with civilizational heritage.​Educationists should build the capacities of the spirit of inquiry, creativity, entrepreneurial and moral leadership among students and become their role model.​If a country is to be corruption free and become a nation of beautiful minds, I strongly feel there are three key societal members who can make a difference. They are the father, the mother and the teacher.​Look at the sky. We are not alone. The whole universe is friendly to us and conspires only to give the best to those who dream and work.​Great dreams of great dreamers are always transcended.​God, our Creator, has stored within our minds and personalities, great potential strength and ability. Prayer helps us tap and develop these powers.​Let us sacrifice our today so that our children can have a better tomorrow.​Climbing to the top demands strength, whether it is to the top of Mount Everest or to the top of your career.​Man needs his difficulties because they are necessary to enjoy success.​Excellence is a continuous process and not an accident.​The world has today 546 nuclear plants generating electricity. Their experience is being continuously researched, and feedback should be provided to all. Nuclear scientists have to interact with the people of the nation, and academic institutions continuously update nuclear power generation technology and safety.​Life is a difficult game. You can win it only by retaining your birthright to be a person.​Almost half of the population of the world lives in rural regions and mostly in a state of poverty. Such inequalities in human development have been one of the primary reasons for unrest and, in some parts of the world, even violence.​Unless India stands up to the world, no one will respect us. In this world, fear has no place. Only strength respects strength.​Source: A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Quotes - BrainyQuote