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I was a counselor for an outreach program for women who were victims of domestic violence. My job was to hang out and play games with the children while the mothers were receiving counseling and assistance. The director there was the coolest person I’ve ever met. She had thick skin but she was the sweetest person imaginable to these kids. She had seen the worst.One week, I was helping this kind little boy who was around 6 years old finish up his homework. He was very smart and he breezed through his math homework. After their homework time, we did a group activity, which involved a worksheet, a song game, or the older kids could just go off on their own to read.The following week, it was the same drill. We did homework. The director then said we would all be working on a mandatory exercise this week. The exercise was to write and draw something that scares us. As you would expect, kids drew things like a monster or the dark. The boy that I had helped with his homework didn’t draw anything. I asked him why he hadn’t done his exercise and he refused to respond. Being that I was young and inexperienced I didn’t feel like it was my place to push him.When the much more experienced director came over, she inquired as to why he didn’t do anything. In her wisdom, she kept it very light and said it jokingly. He just buried his face in his folded arms at the table. The director was gentle but she was persistent. I could tell that she really wanted him to express his feelings because it was important.The little boy began to cry. She sat next to him and asked him what was wrong. He slowly pulled his face from his arms with tears streaming down his face and told us that he wasn’t afraid of anything. The director continued by stating that everyone is afraid of something and sharing her own worksheet. She encouraged him to talk it out even if he didn’t want to write or draw. His eyes then slowly narrowed and I could see burning rage behind his small eyes. He clenched his fists and shouted “I’M NOT AFRAID OF ANYTHING! IF SOMEONE TRIED TO MESS WITH ME OR MY MOM I WOULD JUST GET A GUN AND KILL THEM!”I was absolutely stunned and terrified because I believed him. I could see that he was telling the truth. This boy had been hurt in the worst possible ways. The director spoke to him privately. I could hear the sweetest tones coming from her mouth as she comforted him and calmed him down. When the session was over she filled me with so much wisdom, but informed me of the lack of promise for some of the children that come through these types of programs. She explained to me that their lives are so much more difficult than anyone could ever imagine. Some times the damage is beyond devastating , but we do the best that we can and we pray for hope.The following week, I saw him that little boy again. His eye was black and his face was badly bruised. He sat at a table completely withdrawn. I was so angry. I felt the rage that he had inside of him. The director told me to just skip the homework for this week. He was in no state of mind, and he and his mom had to move again because of the violence that had been inflicted upon them. When I left there I knew I would never see that little boy again. I couldn’t help but wonder what kind of life he could have. I wanted to do something, anything, but I knew I couldn’t.When I left after that session, I went to the convenient store on the corner of my street and I bought a ton of beer. I just crushed can after can of beer and I cried. I didn’t know what else to do and I hated the world that we lived in. I have no real solutions to these problems that so many children face, but we should be aware of them and help when we can. I want to remain hopeful, although so many people struggle so badly. Domestic violence is atrocious and it’s so deeply embedded in our society. While working at that program, a therapist informed me that an 80 year old woman was one of her patients. She was attending the program there because she was being beaten by her sons, grandchildren, and husband. This is the kind of shit that keeps you up at night.Please listen to people’s cries for help and do what you can. Please be kind to one another and find a bit of peace in this world that we’re all a part of.

The aquatic ape hypothesis is the concept that the ancestors of humans lost their hair during a period in our early evolutionary history when they lived partly in lakes and rivers. It’s popular on the internet but rests on some entirely false assumptions.It’s an attempt to explain why humans, unlike other primates, are mostly hairless. It’s original version tried to explain several facts about humans that seemed to be inconsistent with life in a hot savanna as depicted here.[1]What’s the evidence for it?Sweating is especially wasteful of water even though water is scarce in the hot savanna. This wouldn’t be a problem for an animal that lived near the water.In addition to losing hair, humans gained a layer of fat beneath the skin, called subcutaneous fat. That’s a lot like dolphins and whales which have lost their hair and insulate themselves with subcutaneous fat.This picture is taken from a larger one showing many supposed adaptations to living in the water. You may want to consult the original article to see the full list of supposed adaptations.[2]What’s wrong with it?Moderate sized Aquatic mammals typically have fur.Small and moderate sized semi-aquatic mammals never become hairless. Otters, beavers, muskrat, mink, coypu, and platypus are all semi-aquatic but still retain their fur.Seals (pinnipeds) are bigger and most retain a short layer of fur like this one.[3] The exception is the walrus, which is only sparsely covered.[4]That’s true even for animals that swim in warm waters like this Hawaiian monk seal.[5] These animals weigh more than 500 pounds.Here’s another aquatic, hairy animal, the capybara.[6]Only very large aquatic animals are mostly hairless. These include hippos, manatees, dolphins, and whales. But some large land animals are also mostly hairless including elephants and rhinos.So, the aquatic ape hypothesis doesn’t explain why our ancestors lost their hair.The most successful semi-aquatic mammal in Africa doesn’t have much subcutaneous fat and doesn’t sweat the way we do.This guy is semi-aquatic and hairless [7] but doesn’t have much fat under the skin (subcutaneous fat) like we do.[8] Nor do they have sweat glands like ours, though they do produce a reddish oily fluid through other means.[9] [10]So, the aquatic ape hypothesis doesn’t explain why our ancestors gained subcutaneous fat or sweat glands.Other evidenceIf look closely at the swimming and floating chart, you will find lots of facts about human anatomy and physiology but none of them require aquatic ancestry. Having flexible arms and shoulders and having long legs would be useful to savannah-living apes just as much as swimming apes.And, what’s more, the chart ignores features you would expect to find in an aquatic animal, like webbed hands and feet. We can’t hold our breath underwater as long as a hippo can.More readingYou can get good critiques here:Why anthropologists don't accept the Aquatic Ape TheorySorry David Attenborough, we didn't evolve from ‘aquatic apes’ – here's whyThese articles defend the idea:The Aquatic Ape Theory--Elaine MorganSea Lions Develop Human-like Vernix Caseosa Delivering Branched Fats and Squalene to the GI Tracthttps://publishing.rcseng.ac.uk/doi/full/10.1308/rcsann.2017.0162Aquatic Ape TheoryFootnotes[1] A Theory of Human Evolution[2] Aquatic Ape Theory[3] Cape Fur Seal Trade Remains Shrouded in Secrecy - Conservation Action Trust[4] Pinniped - Wikipedia[5] Hawaiian Monk Seal | National Geographic[6] 10 Facts About Capybaras: The World’s Largest Rodents[7] Hippopotamus Facts, Worksheets & Information for Kids[8] Hippopotamus - Wikipedia[9] San Diego Zoo Animals & Plants[10] Do hippopotamuses actually have pink sweat?

When it comes to college I certainly support the idea that kids need to “have some skin in the game” and be financially responsible.In my opinion the way for them to “have skin in the game” is working—summers and maybe 10–20 hours per week each semester. Human nature is such that we value that for which we labor.The best way they can learn/demonstrate financial responsibility is by managing a budget.College Student Budget WorksheetTaking out student loans is very risky and should be avoided, if at all possible. Debt “owns” the student when they graduate, limiting their options. In this economy career outcomes are very unpredictable.Note:For the record I also think parents’ loans are a bad idea. You can’t borrow money to fund your retirement.