Physical Education - State Of North Dakota: Fill & Download for Free

Yes. Many of them have very low populations, which means that they have a disproportionate amount of power in the Senate, and the Senate itself has a disproportionate amount of power over the lives of Americans because the Constitution provides it. It’s also grotesquely wasteful. Does North Dakota really need to have a criminal justice system that’s different from South Dakota’s? Along with an education system, vehicle licensing, insurance system, banking system, building safety standards, and so on? The laws of physics aren’t any different in South Dakota and North Dakota, so why have two different building inspection agencies? Now multiply all that bureaucracy by 50.Conservatives say they want small government, but they seem to ignore the colossal overhead of 50 different highway agencies, etc. etc.The US could easily drop to about 30 states by combining those with low populations. Do we need both Kansas and Nebraska?

I’ve been in the US for about 6 years as a undergrad and then a grad student. One summer, when I was a sophomore, I decided to go to Canada to learn how to fly and get my private pilot’s license using some money I had save up. It has always been a dream of mine.Based on reviews, I had decided on a great little affordable school called Harv’s Air in Steinbach, Manitoba. Steinbach is pretty close to the US border, maybe 30 or so miles up from Grand Forks, ND. I decided to drive there from New Jersey, where I was studying, to see the country and visit Chicago on the way.Crossing over into Canada was easy. I had no problems exiting the US either. It’s really just cornfields and wheat up there. I should mention that I have a Singaporean passport. This is significant because as a fellow commonwealth country, we’re allowed to stay in Canada for basically any reason, visa free, for up to 6 months. I didn’t need a special student visa or anything to learn how to fly, since it was a short duration—in all, I was living in a little trailer taking advantage of those 18 hours of daylight to fly. I was done in a little over a month, passing my flight test with just 60 hours. Not bad!The trouble started when I tried to come home. Crossing back from Canada, I entered into the US. The guard asked me what I was doing there.I answered: “learning to fly, getting my pilot’s license”. I wanted to be honest with him because that’s how I was raised.He looks suspicious. His next question: “okay, but how are you allowed into Canada? Where is your Canadian visa?”I tell him about my Singaporean passport. He hasn’t even heard of the country, think’s it’s China. He says confidently that China doesn’t have a visa with Canada. I start sweating.His next questions are horrendous and riddled with assumptions. He asks for my travel itinerary over the next couple of days (I want to travel further west to see Yellowstone, Jersey’s great but it sure ain’t Yellowstone!), as well as why did I drive all the way from New Jersey. I answer, showing him my I20, which is a form that proves you’re a student in good standing in the United States.He also asks me if I am carrying any poultry, eggs, fresh food and such. Obviously, I am not, and I answer in the negative.Now, I’ll admit that a lot of things don’t add up. A scrawny asian kid driving a toyota camry in a place where you’re more likely to see chevy’s and dodges? All the way from Jersey? Who says that he’s getting a pilot’s license?? And he’s travelling with all these laptops and ipads and what not? (I had many devices—all student work related). This part I don’t blame. But here’s where the horror really begins.I get detained. Within 5 minutes, I’m brought to a little cell. I’m told to surrender all my items except-get this-the physical cash notes on my person, which is returned to me with a little clip, drug dealer style. They make me surrender all the passwords to my electronic devices, and take off my shirt (although they give it back after patting me down). I am terrified. No calls, no indication, nothing. If I died there none of my friends or family would’ve known for at least a couple of days.I sit in this cell for 4, maybe 5 hours. I don’t even have a watch. I’ve got quite a head on me, so I try to run through things to understand what’s going on. I finally reach the conclusion that they must think that I’m some drug dealer. I know that there are a couple of east asian, maybe vietnamese gangs in Winnepeg, and there’s big drug money there. But still you’d have to be pretty damn daft to equate this with me.After a while though, they take me out, make me walk through my own car where, I’m told, that I’m in big trouble for contraband. My luggage is torn open, and the felt liner of the trunk is ripped off and searched. Even the AC vents are taken out. I feel violated. But strangely, when they tell me that they have found contraband, I feel vindicated. I don’t do drugs, smoke or drink. Pray tell, officer, what is it? They don’t tell me. They do, however, take me to a bigger lobby area.It’s an upgrade! There’s a bathroom too. And other people. Every other person here is a minority—that should tell you something. There’s a couple from the Dominican Republic on their honeymoon. Why they honeymooned in goddamn North Dakota, I will never know. But the couple tell me that they are both professionals. One is a vice president of a bank. Somehow, he’s suspicious to these hick guards. The man asks me to look at his detained car, his wife, and his watch. Does he, a bank president, look like the sort of person who would illegally cross into the United States to be in NORTH DAKOTA?? After this, there’s a Mexican family, an Indian IT professional , and a Chinese professor who was teaching at the University of Winnipeg. The only person detained who is white is a German guy. But he’s let out pretty fast. I swear to you, the man looks like a child predator. But he’s let out before all of us.I ask to go to the bathroom. The officer at the desk looks puzzled. He says: “ You’re not being arrested, you can go whereever you like.” Nice. I’m not being arrested, but my car, wallet, phone and everything I own as a student sure as shit isn’t going to be left behind in bloody North Dakota. What am I to do, walk??I do, however, take the opportunity to explore the building since I’m free. I don’t get very far; I get shouted back to sit down and watch the terrible TV that is there. (They still use CRT TV’s, damnnnn) Before I’m forced back down, I note that the walls are adorned with TSA and the Custom’s pledge to treat everyone with dignity and quality and professionalism and what not. I have nothing against TSA. It’s a tough job. But think about the kind of people that would be chosen for, selected, and trained for a land border crossing with Manitoba. Yep.I’m the last person there; everyone else is released. I know I’ve done nothing wrong. They finally call me in.“Do you know why you’re being detained?”“Nope”It turns out that during the first impromptu inspection they found a yoghurt cup and some blueberries and a granola bar, and a jerky stick. What can I say? I’m a student driving around. Before crossing the border, about 15 miles back, I had made the decision to get a quick breakfast. The things that I couldn’t finish I placed in a bag. The officer says, you said you didn’t have food on you when we asked. We found this. Food? You know how many people disembark from a plane with a bloody bar of granola in their pockets????? And this wasn’t from some quarantine exotic country like Gambia or New Zealand. This was Canada. Manitoba, for chrissakes.But this isn’t the end of my problems.Nope. The officer walks me to the my pile of belongings. There is a average size box there. The box contained 24 packets of chicken-flavored ramen when I got it, and now there were about 12. I got it in Canada because I lived in a trailer for a while. You get hungry. Ramen is great for travellers in these situations! I had genuinely forgotten about these in my trunk. Try studying for a flight test, an aerobatic rating, and a road trip by yourself to Montana. You’ll forget the bloody ramen in your car, I assure you.The officer points. “Sir those are a prohibited item. You unlawfully attempted to smuggle them in.”Smuggle? Prohibited? WTF???I can’t say anything, but my eyes give it away. The officer continues.“Yessir. These contain Chicken extract. They were made in China. Chickens from China are a prohibited quarantine item”I squint to look at the packaging. I forget what it says, but it says something like ingredients : Wheat, flour, soy, salt, monosodium glutamate, E244 coloring, C7234 Chicken Flavored Extract type no. 3 (or something like that I forget).This is just incredible. I’m furious, stupified, tickled. Oh man, with a story like this, I have a career in improv for sure.But it’s not the end. You know how the packets have fine chinese words on them? My chinese is rusty, but they were generic words. words like , “made in Shandong province, factory no. 234, of the People’s Republic of China, imported for sale and use only by Real Canadian Superstore retailers”. I wasn’t a hundred percent sure. I offer to translate though. You know what this proud denser than lead representative of the America border services does?This unclutched transmission case of a man pushes me down, says quite seriously:“Sir, step back. This is an unknown chemical. You may have violated a law.”He leaves and I wait for another 30 minutes.You know what happens in that 30 minutes? These bloody fruitbats, they call up TSA or homeland security or whatever in Washington DC to request an interpreter to translate the chinese words so that they’re sure that it’s C7234 Chicken extract, which I can swear on my mother has likely never even seen the inside of a Chicken.I’m sure they get chewed out on the phone. When they come back, they sound and look different. They help (help is generous, they just shove) to pack all my things back. Souvenirs like flight tables and logs are torn. The certificate from my first solo is torn. Nevermind, I’m just glad that my items are safe and my car is in one piece. The AC vents are ripped out though. As I turn to leave, checking through all my papers to see that I have them back, one officer waves me to come back over. I sigh.She shakes her head at me ominously.“Sir you were very lucky. Because you only had 12 of these (points to the ramen) you are not in violation. It is a prohibited product, but only if you travel with more that 13 of these where you’d need an importation license, which would have meant an offense fine of 400 dollars. However they are still prohibited items. You must fill out a declaration form”By this time it is 6pm. I entered the border at 10 30 am. It is late for everyone, but the bright Canadian sun is still up. I change my tone of voice to plead with her.“look, can I just, throw these away? I got them at a store for 5 dollars.”“No sir you cannot dispose of them because you did not declare these items, and you tried to smuggle them into the United States. We have to file paperwork”.I sigh. I’m tired, filthy, hungry and weak. “okay,” I say. “I’ll go in and do whatever you need.” I start walking back to the main shed.Halfway there though, Jesus Christ himself must have appealed to these Neanderthals. She waves me back.“look, just leave it here and go.”“okay”“wait, actually, just take it. You got very lucky today, remember this.”I shove the box into my trunk and laugh once my car door closes, pulling out as slowly and cautiously as possible. My car had been idling for an hour, even the gas needle moved. Once out of visible sight, I speed away as fast as I can till night falls, where I text my parents and closest friends. It takes me another 1600 miles and two days to reach Yellowstone, but when I do, I pull out on a bend over bear’s tooth highway, and sit on a stone, laughing and crying while sipping a snapple. You can’t make this shit up.As a foreigner, I really like the United States. I have found no other land like this one. I have met such great hospitality, and I have studied under the finest professors. But whenever people ask me if I am truly optimistic about the future about the United States, I think back to this memory and shake my head. Why? Because my fear is that the product of generations of poor funding, poor connectivity, racism, nationalism and paranoia lead directly to my experience of being detained over a packet of instant noodles, and that it’ll lead to the kind of slow death that other empires have met. Scholars and people say that it’s bureacracy that’s slowing the country down. It isn’t. Bureacracy, like the tired voice from DC that must’ve saved me that day, is holding this contraption of a country together. It’s this infantile parochialism that’s killing us slowly in terms of trade, hospitality, reputation, education…..whatever.I often think back to that day. I was lucky. I got to see a side of America that normally I, with my New York Ivy league education, would never see. You know who are the unlucky ones? The other people that’ll have to cross everyday, only to be subject to the never ending paranoia and rhetoric. The DC elites who’ll have to deal with being disconnected from stupidity. The businesses that will be choked because of unwarranted security needs. And the guards themselves, for thinking that they, and their actions that day and every other day, really matter. As Virgil said, “Fear is proof of a degenerate mind.” Virgil was understated though. Fear is proof of a degenerate nation. If America’s place in the world is superseded, it will be because it was buried under the millions of stories that are as funny, as surprising, as banal and as torturous as this one. If America’s place in the world was superseded, it will not be by China’s, or Russia’s or Europe’s hand. It will be by it’s own, with those thin fingers reaching out first from places like North Dakota.Oh, and those damn noodles? I ate them because I’m a broke student. Still keep the last packet with me somewhere though. After all, I took a lot of trouble to ‘import’ it. Cheers!

The key word to this question that makes a mistaken assumption is “still”. For most of the history of schools on tribal lands native languages were forbidden. So it is not “still” but “when did some start to teach native languages in recent times?”Native languages were banned in most schools that native people went to for a very long time. There was an explicit attempt to eliminate them. It is still easy to meet older people in the US and Canada who were severely punished for even saying a few words in their own language. I have met people who were locked in closets, had mouth washed with naptha soap, beaten, or yelled at and ridiculed. Native America religion was not legalized until The American Indian Religious Freedom Act in 1978! That is only 39 years ago. The Native American Languages Act was not until 1990, only 27 years agoNative Americans lost control of the education of their children when the United States government forcibly enrolled them in residential schools designed for assimilation into an “American” mold. This policy began in the 1870s and continued on a large scale through the 1970s; a few schools are still operating today. In these institutions, children were severely punished, both physically and psychologically, for using their own languages instead of English. Here is a picture of Hopi men who were sent to Alcatraz prison in the California Bay Area from Arizona in 1895 because they refused to have their kids kidnapped and sent to such schools.For much of that time they were forced to go to boarding schools Often they were far from home. Many schools mixed tribes from many language groups together so they could not use any language but English anyway. In order that the Native people would not be able to transmit language, religion and culture to their kids the kids were given almost no time off to go home. Some had none. Other had one short time a year. This was explicit policy. The point was to force them to assimilate to “America” culture. The phrase was “kill the Indian to save the man.” (Richard Pratt, 1892)Capt. Richard H. Pratt on the Education of Native Americans .Even some native people were involved with this enterprise. Some people felt it was the only way to survive in the wider US society. Some social scientists promoted the utterly discredited idea that one could not be successfully bilingual. There are still people in the “English Only Movement” who believe these utter lies. Some of these people even today try to cut any funding for language programs in Native schools. They are largely motivated today not by a desire to help anyone but by raw racism and ethnocentrism and ignorance.The upshot is that, for well over 100 years, native people did not control their schools and teaching or even talking about native language and customs was virtually outlawed and forbidden. That practice didn’t end until the 1970s when government policies toward Native Americans changed, culminating in the passage of the Indian Child Welfare Act in 1978. The emotional and often physical punishments the children endured prevented generations of Native Americans, fearful their children would face similar treatment, from passing on their language to their children.It was only starting in the late 60s and 1970s that a law passed and policies were enacted that allowed for times of home rule and local control of typical services like schools and police and government and commerce of tribal lands. It was following that time that slowly school districts were formed and some tribes started to run their own schools.The first Native run school project that I am aware of was the Rough Rock Demonstration School on the Navajo Nation in 1966.About Us It grew out of the civil right movement among native people that echoed the large one in the rest of the country and out of Headstart preschool funding for the LBJ programs to start local education in poor communities. A professor of mine was involved with it. Today it is K-12 with 440 students. It is in an extremely remote area. The nearest big city if Flagstaff which is a 3 hour drive. The nearest Navajo town is Chinle 30–40 minutes away on two lane roads.In time that project grew into the first tribal College in the country. It now called Diné College. It started in 1968 at Rough Rock. It moved to the Tsaile campus in 1969. History - About Diné College - Diné CollegeFrom there other tribes started taking control or starting their own schools and colleges. Teaching Native languages came after that. Today there are about 38 tribal colleges. Tribal colleges and universities serve more than 26,000 full- and part-time American Indian students from over 250 tribesI beleive all of them now have some language classes. That is out of 467 tribal governments.Other tribes have started primary school programs or other classes to promote and teach native languages. For the first years after the Native Languages act in 1990 it took some time to figure out the best method. In most case the only way that works in language immersion programs or dual language programs. Just a few classes in the language in the same manner that many US high schools do foreign languages is completely inadequate.There are dozens of language families and hundreds of languages. They have no commonality with any European languages and are difficult to teach. Often there are few materials for teaching. Most of the programs are very new!An example might be the Yurok tribe in California, They got a grant just 11 years ago in 2006 to train preK-12 teachers and create language curriculum for the Yurok language. The nearby Hupa have been doing the same in the last 4 years. They cannot use each others teaching materials at all because they are in completely different language families. Yurok is Algic and related to Algonquian on the east coast and east central Canada. Hupa is related distantly to Dene in Canada and Navajo in the SW. A number of tribes only have fluent speakers who are older and do not have teaching degrees. Only two years ago did they start to work with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services in May 2015 to have that requirement lifted for “cultural teachers,” who often are elders who “are not interested and are unlikely to seek a degree for meeting the teacher/teacher aide qualifications.”. North Dakota, Montana and Arizona Public Instruction Officers have arranged, through joint organization, processes for tribal language competency and literacy levels.Some of the places where Native languages are being taught in a school setting are these. As you can see it is not nearly 467 tribal schools. There is a desperate need for funding for schools and teachers and curriculum:On the Navajo Nation and in some nearby American cities like Flagstaff which has a trilingual program. Tséhootsooí Diné Bi'ólta' is a Navajo language immersion school for grades K-8 . There are also several private non profit schools. two-way language immersion schools at Round Rock, Rough Rock and Chinle Schools in Arizona are supported via the state schools foundation funds, and locally generated categorical fundingCherokee have invested 4.5 million to build programs. Ther eis an immersion school in Talequah and in Qualla. There is Kituwah Accademy.There is a Crow language program and many speak it as a first language. The immersion school is 5 years old. There is also a language camp. Most Crow people speak the language.Hopi has bilingual schools in Arizona.the Nkwusm Salish Language School serves preschool through eighth-grade students on the Flathead ReservationRed Cloud School has children’s class in Lakota.Grand Ronde in Oregon has a Chinuk Wawa program. It started on 2006Rocky Boy in Montana is trying to teach Ojibwe.Acoma Pueblos has a Keres language program in Laguna-Acoma Jr. Sr. High School, Cubero Elementary School, St. Joseph Mission School and Sky City Community School.. It is 12 years old Language Retention ProgramTaos Pubelo has a new Tiwa programTwo Eagle River School is a contracted tribal school of the Salish Kootenai Confederated Tribes of Montana.Saint Frances Indian School , formerly a Catholic School, of the Rosebud Sioux Nation of South Dakota. Saint Frances Indian School provides a Lakota language immersion stream for grades K-6Chief Dull Knife College, Northern Cheyenne Language Immersion CampFond du Lac Community and Tribal College of Cloquet, Minnesota sponsors a teacher training project. The project is based on best practices from Indian education and enrolls twenty-five tribal members in teacher training. A year-round cohort of trainees combines standard professional teacher training for Minnesota teachers and college students with Ojibway culture, language and historyThere is one Mescalero Apache school.The Three Affiliated Tribes of North Dakota have initiated a mentor/mentee project that addresses the three languages of the Three Affiliated Tribes of North Dakota, the Hidatsa, Mandan and Arikara languagesNative American Community Academy (Lakota, Navajo, Tiwa) in Albuquerque, New MexicoNative American Community Academyhttp://www.nacaschool.org/what-we-teach/our-curriculum/White Clay Immersion school teaches 26 kids Gros Ventre.There has been a Mohawk immersion school since 1998 and the The Akwesasne Freedom School started in 1985.Akwesasne Freedom SchoolLakota Language Program with classes for children at Red Cloud Indian SchoolThe Inupiaq Immersion School, Nikaitchuat Ilisagviat, is a private school for children ages 3-7 years old.The Piegan Institute is a nonprofit organization on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation. In 1995, the Institute opened the privately funded Nizipuhwahsin (or Real Speak) Center, which immerses students in the Blackfeet language from kindergarten through eighth grade. The school's graduates are the first young fluent speakers of the Blackfeet language in a generation. The Institute has three kindergarten through eighth grade language immersion schools: Cuts Wood, Moccasin Flat and Lost Child.Browing Montana has a Blackfeet language and culture porgramin the schoolsIn Hawaii there is a P-12 Hawaiian-language medium school, Nāwahī School. The Ke Kula Kaiapuni schools are organized within the public school structures among numerous public school districts.the Ayaprun Elitnaurvik Yup'ik-language immersion school in Bethel has been running a K-6 program since the late 1990s.The Wicoie Nadagikendan Early Childhood Urban Immersion Program teaches DakotaThere are Muskogee classes in Tulsa schools. Holdenville, Okmulgee, and Tulsa Creek Indian Communities of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation offer Muskogee Creek language classes. The Sapulpa Creek Community Center graduated a class of 14 from its Muscogee Creek language class four years ago.The Suquamish Tribe has a Lushootseed program in the schools. Language Program | The Suquamish TribeAn Arapaho immersion program, was established in 1993.Salish School of Spokane offers SalishThe Puyallup Tribe in Washington has a intensive Lushootseed program. Lushootseed is also taught to students in Chief Leschi Schools and tribal-run daycaresThe Washoe Tribe headstart language program in California and Nevada.The School of the Choctaw Language offers classesThe Waadookodaading Ojibwe Language Immersion School teaches all classes in Ojibwe in Wisconsin. A charter school organized for Lac Courte Oreilles Ojibway language immersion is a part of the Hayward School District of Hayward, Wisconsin.A Shoshoni charter school has been propsed. Blackfoot High school in Idaho has some classes.Most Tohono O'odham speak the languge.Most Zuni speak Zuni.