Form It 540 2d: Fill & Download for Free

There was never a “length of years” requirement to form a common-law marriage in Pennsylvania. Rather, it was contracted by an intent to marry, and verba in praesenti, to wit a promise by the prospective spouses to be and consider themselves married; evidence of cohabitation or reputation might be accepted if (as was often the case) the existence of the marriage were litigated after the death of one of the parties.A common law marriage can only be created by an exchange of words in the present tense, spoken with the specific purpose that the legal relationship of husband and wife is created by that. Commonwealth v. Gorby, 527 Pa. 98, 110, 588 A.2d 902, 907 (1991). Regarding this requirement for an exchange of words in the present tense, this Court has noted:[I]t is too often forgotten that a common law marriage is a marriage by the express agreement of the parties without ceremony, and almost invariably without a witness, by words—not in futuro or in postea, but—in praesenti, uttered with a view and for the purpose of establishing the relationship of husband and wife.Estate of Manfredi, 399 Pa. at 291, 159 A.2d at 700 (citations omitted). The common law marriage contract does not require any specific form of words, and all that is essential is proof of an agreement to enter into the legal relationship of marriage at the present time. Estate of Gavula, 490 Pa. 535, 540, 417 A.2d 168, 171 (1980).The burden to prove the marriage is on the party alleging a marriage, and we have described this as a “heavy” burden where there is an allegation of a common law marriage. Id. at 540, 417 A.2d at 171. When an attempt is made to establish a marriage without the usual formalities, the claim must be reviewed with “great scrutiny.” Id. at 541, 417 A.2d at 171.Generally, words in the present tense are required to prove common law marriage. Estate of Wagner, 398 Pa. at 535–36, 159 A.2d at 498. Because common law marriage cases arose most frequently because of claims for a putative surviving spouse's share of an estate, however, we developed a rebuttable presumption in favor of a common law marriage where there is an absence of testimony regarding the exchange of verba in praesenti. When applicable, the party claiming a common law marriage who proves: (1) constant cohabitation; and, (2) a reputation of marriage “which is not partial or divided but is broad and general,” raises the rebuttable presumption of marriage. See Estate of Manfredi, 399 Pa. at 291, 159 A.2d at 700. Constant cohabitation, however, “even when conjoined with general reputation are not marriage, they are merely circumstances which give rise to a rebuttable presumption of marriage.” Id.Staudenmayer v. Staudenmayer, 552 Pa. 253, 261-63, 714 A.2d 1016, 1020-21 (1998) (emphases added).By Act 144 of 2004, new common-law marriages were declared invalid effective 1 January 2005. 23 Pa.C.S. § 1103. Although marriages that were validly formed before that date will be recognized on proper proof, it’s not possible to form new common-law marriages now and has not been for 11½ years. So you’d best have been purportedly married for at least that amount of time.

Ten variant forms exist, if brown is counted. Red to green, blue to orange, yellow to purple, white to gray to black. If you plot a (x,y,z) cube, x^3+3x^2y+3x^z+3xy^2+ 6xyz+3xz^2+y^3+3y^2z+ 3yz^2+z^3. If the 3d plane is created for (x,y,z), 8 quadrants are existent. The plots inhabit one quadrant. There are ten points in that one. They occupy one corner in essence. The (x,y) get 1, 2, 4, 7. The (x,z) get 1, 3, 6, 10. The (y,z) 7, 8, 9, 10.If taken as 2d, 90 degrees has four points 3 ways. As above. This produces a six pointed concave diamond shape, with point 5 center and included at 45 degrees on these six sides. Considering all colors register, spreading our color, this is hypothetical, each would have in the 45 degrees, 4.5 degrees, for ten possible. This would be for eight, a rainbow, 5.625 or eight. Multiply those by 12, 6 sides 2 ways, giving a range of 54 in ten or 67.5. Multiply by 8, for each quadrant, 432 to 540 forms. Average 432 and 540 for 3 zones above (x,y) (x,z) and (y,z) and 324 variants of the colors may occur, at five averaged per 5 shared points as above, 194.4 variants. Now average those. The variants, and 259. 2 average distinguishable shades appear.The blue light on the Jeans would alter our perception to these color wave frequencies. As in shifting our perception to the angles the photons, above, hypothetically, enter the eye and are detected, will be inverted, and technically your white jeans turned green.

In any reasonable version of events, this would count as an overwhelming victory (to the point of slaughter) by the US.First, though, the dicey part. Ordinarily, a carrier operates as part of a carrier group, with 6 or 8 other ships forming a screen. A carrier operating alone would feel horribly exposed, and the pucker factor would be pretty high. Especially, the onboard ASW (anti-submarine warfare) assets would be operating at full tilt.With that said, the first order of business would be to intercept the IJN scout planes. Given that a Nimitz-class carrier carries 4 or 5 AWACS aircraft, this should not be real problem, and the CAP should have no difficulties making sure that the scouts would never get within 100 miles of the carrier. At the same time, the current AWACS aircraft, the E-2D, has a radar range of at least 300 miles, which means that the Japanese fleet would have been detected even before launching on Midway.A Nimitz carries 4 strike fighter squadrons. It would make sense to launch two of these in an attack, while reserving two for defense of the carrier. Assuming 100% aircraft availability, that’s 20 F-18s, each carrying two Harpoon anti-ship missiles. These would be launched from beyond visual range, and the Harpoon is a high-subsonic sea-skimmer. Experience over the last 40 years has established that conventional anti-aircraft defenses simply don’t work: the missile is only visible from the target for a few tens of seconds before impact. And the Japanese fighter force won’t be of any help either. The top speed of the Zero was 351 mph, while Harpoons attack at something like 540 mph. That, coupled with the fact that the Japanese would not know what to look for, would pretty much ensure a very high success rate.The Japanese attack force only comprised 21 ships, with another 6 in a supporting force. Under attack from 40 missiles, the only question would be if any Japanese ships survived the first wave. This might well happen, since most missiles would be targeted on the carriers, with probably no intentional attacks on the 12 lighter destroyers.If the first engagement takes place at a distance of about 200 miles from the US carrier, the first thing the Japanese would know of the American presence is when carriers start blowing up. Harpoons are intended to be launched at 50 or 60 miles, far beyond the horizon. With their ordnance expended, the US fighters would head back to the carrier to rearm. This might well take 2 or 3 hours. Then they would launch again to mop up stragglers, all under the watchful eye of the AWACS.If the carriers were killed after the launch of the first wave of attack aircraft, they would be able to fly for quite some time (the Zero had an endurance of 6 to 8 hours), but they would be configured for ground attack, and even if some of them found the Nimitz and overwhelmed the defending CAP though numbers, they would not be able to inflict fatal damage. The tough decision for the Nimitz commander would be how many fighters he would divert from ship-killing to whittle down the numbers attacking Midway. Although he has about 40 fighters available, there were 36 dive bombers, 36 torpedo bombers and 36 Zeros in the attack, for a total of 108. An F-18 can be configured to carry 12 Sidewinders, but it should be kept in mind that the Vietnam success rate for Sidewinders was 18%. The backup 20mm Gatling has 548 rounds, and this should come in very handy, especially against the bombers.TLDR - There is no obvious reason for any Japanese ship in the Midway attack to survive the experience if the only US opposition is a Nimitz-class carrier.