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The power of the Mayor depends on 2 things:The type of city government structure.The personal charisma and powers of persuasion of the Mayor.There are 5 basic forms of municipal government. The format most pertinent to this question, as far as the power of the Mayor is the Mayor-Council format, although as you see below, some of the cities have chosen to make their mayors weak.Characteristics of a "strong" mayor:The mayor is the chief executive officer, centralizing executive power.The mayor directs the administrative structure, appointing and removing of department heads.While the council has legislative power, the mayor has veto power.The council does not oversee daily operations.Characteristics of a "weak" mayor:The council is powerful, with both legislative and executive authority.The mayor is not truly the chief executive, with limited power or no veto power.The council can prevent the mayor from effectively supervising city administration.There may be many administrative boards and commissions that operate independently from the city government.Mayoral PowersMayor-CouncilCharacteristics include:Mayor is elected separately from the council, is often full-time and paid, with significant administrative and budgetary authorityDepending on the municipal charter, the mayor could have weak or strong powersCouncil is elected and maintains legislative powersSome cities appoint a professional manager who maintains limited administrative authorityOccuring in 34% of cities surveyed by International City/County Management Association (ICMA), this is the second most common form of government. It is found mostly in older, larger cities, or in very small cities, and is most popular in the Mid-Atlantic and Midwest. Cities with variations in the mayor-council form of government are New York, New York; Houston, Texas; and Minneapolis, Minnesota.Forms of Municipal GovernmentOf the cities in your list, (Boston, SF, NYC, LA, Chicago, Philadelphia, Austin, Seattle, DC and Portland) all but Austin and Portland have the Mayor-Council form of government, and thus have strong mayors.Austin has the most common form of municipal government, the Council-Manager format.Council-ManagerCharacteristics include:City council oversees the general administration, makes policy, sets budgetCouncil appoints a professional city manager to carry out day-to-day administrative operationsOften the mayor is chosen from among the council on a rotating basisThis is the most common form of government. According to surveys by the International City/County Management Association (ICMA), this form of government has grown from 48% usage in 1996 to 55% usage in 2006. It is most popular in cities with populations over 10,000, mainly in the Southeast and Pacific coast areas. Some examples are Phoenix, Arizona; Topeka, Kansas; Salt Lake City, Utah and Rockville, Maryland.Forms of Municipal GovernmentIn this type of government, the mayor has a legislative role (leading the council and presiding on votes over new ordinances and policies) but no where near as much power as in the Mayor-Council format. This is when the Mayor's powers of persuasion are most important.Portland has the Commission form of municipal government.CommissionCharacteristics include:Voters elect individual commissioners to a small governing boardEach commissioner is responsible for one specific aspect, such as fire, police, public works, health, financeOne commissioner is designated as chairman or mayor, who presides over meetingsThe commission has both legislative and executive functionsThe commission form of city government is the oldest form of government in the U.S., but exists today in less than 1% of cities. It typically occurs in cities with populations below 100,000, such as Sunrise, Florida and Fairview, Tennessee.Forms of Municipal GovernmentThis format has the weakest Mayor among the three. Again, persuasion is what will make the Mayor powerful.

Category:Obama administration controversiesRead in another languageWatch this pageEditControversies related to the political administration of President Barack Obama(2009-2017).SubcategoriesThis category has the following 4 subcategories, out of 4 total.B► 2012 Benghazi attack‎ (11 P)G► Guantanamo Bay detention camp‎ (3 C, 67 P)I► IRS targeting controversy‎ (4 P)P► Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act‎ (3 C, 35 P)Pages in category "Obama administration controversies"The following 62 pages are in this category, out of 62 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).AAftermath of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of ActionAir Force One photo op incidentAmerican-led intervention in Iraq (2014–present)ATF gunwalking scandalAbdulrahman al-AwlakiB2012 Benghazi attackBoundless InformantCCharles Freeman appointment controversyClinton CashClinton Foundation–State Department controversyCode name Geronimo controversyContraceptive mandateCriticism of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of ActionCrumb and Get It bakery incidentDDeepwater Horizon oil spill2013 articles about the Department of Justice investigations of reportersDepartment of Veterans Affairs Management Accountability Act of 2014Division 30Drone strikes in PakistanDropmireEEfforts to impeach Barack ObamaFFairview (surveillance program)GHenry Louis Gates arrest controversyGrand bargain (United States, 2011)Guantanamo Bay detention campHHealthCare.govHemisphere ProjectHillary Clinton email controversyIInternational military intervention against ISILIRS targeting controversyJJoint Comprehensive Plan of ActionMMaywand District murdersMemogate (Pakistan)NNational Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2012National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 20132011 NATO attack in PakistanNew Black Panther Party voter intimidation caseNSA warrantless surveillance (2001–2007)OBarack Obama judicial appointment controversiesBarack Obama on mass surveillanceOperation Choke PointPPolitical scandals during the Obama administrationPresidential Policy Directive 20PRISM (surveillance program)Project CassandraProject GunrunnerRReactions to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of ActionSSenate Intelligence Committee report on CIA tortureFiring of Shirley SherrodSnowden affairSolyndraAmerican-led intervention in the Syrian Civil WarTTaliban FiveTownship High School District 211 transgender student incidentsUUnited States House Select Committee on BenghaziUranium One controversyUS domestic reactions to the 2011 military intervention in Libya2009 U.S. state dinner security breachesVVeterans Health Administration scandal of 2014WOtto WarmbierXXKeyscoreZZunZuneo