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Prediabetes is mostly a function of the food you eat and your level of activity.Improving your diet and being more active can help reduce your a1c levels and manage your prediabetes. In some instances, you may even be able to reverse your prediabetes condition.Risk factors for prediabetes include:Weight and waist sizeOverweight and high fat tissue increase insulin resistance. Studies have also shown a connection between insulin resistance and waist size: men with 40+ inch waist / women with 35+ inch waist.Dietary patternsEating processed foods and drinking artificially sweetened beverages increases your risk of prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes.InactivityRegular exercise helps you control our weight, uses stored glucose as energy, and helps your body's cells avoid insulin resistance.Genetic factors such as family history and race / ethnicityIndividuals with a family history of diabetes are more likely to develop prediabetes. African Americans, Hispanics, Native Americans, and Asian-Americans are also more likely to develop prediabetes.Other conditionsHealth conditions such as gestational diabetes (for both the mother and the child), polycystic ovarian syndrome, and obstructive sleep apnea, can increase your risk of pre-diabetes.To best manage prediabetes, there are a number of foods to eat and other foods to avoid:High FiberFiber-rich foods digest and absorb more slowly in the GI system, causing a slower rise in blood sugar. This helps prevent rapid "sugar spikes".Steel-cut oatsStone-ground whole wheat breadBeans and legumesFruits and vegetablesLean ProteinsPrediabetes has been linked to other chronic conditions, such as heart disease. Including more lean proteins as opposed to proteins higher in saturated fat can have a cardio-protective effect!EggsChickenFatty fish such as salmonGreek yogurtNutsLow Glycemic IndexA food's glycemic index reflects how quickly any given food will raise your blood sugar. To avoid drastic spikes in blood sugar, choose foods with a low glycemic index.Non-starchy vegetables, such as carrotsSweet potatoesLeafy greensSquashCornWhole wheat pastaFunctional FoodsThere are also a handful of "functional" foods that can regulate blood sugar levels. Functional foods are naturally occurring foods that are shown to have additional medicinal benefits beyond basic nutrition.CinnamonChia SeedsTumericExtra-virgin olive oilFlax SeedsApple Cider VinegarGarlicYou should avoid the foods and categories shown below:Highly Processed and Refined FoodsProcessed and refined foods are extremely low in fiber and nutrients, which tends to absorb more quickly in the GI tract. These are the types of foods that cause drastic spikes in blood sugar. Replacing these foods with more nutrient-dense options will help prolong the release of glucose into the bloodstream.Trans fatsWhite breads, pastas, and ricePackaged snack foodsFoods High in Sugar and SweetenersFoods high in sugar and other sweeteners will cause a rapid spike in blood sugar, so avoiding these foods is important for prediabetes management. That being said, you may be wondering why fruit is still considered a "safe" food for managing prediabetes. Fruits are "OK" because the sugar type is natural (vs added) and is far less than you'll find in sweetened products. So instead of these foods, try incorporating some fresh fruits instead to satisfy your sweet tooth!Flavored coffee drinksSweetened breakfast cerealsSugary drinks like sodaAlcoholThere are other practical tips on how to bet manage prediabetes, which you can find here: Prediabetes Diet: Meal Plan, PDF, Foods to Avoid & Eat

When I was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at the age of 22, I asked that exact same question.The year was 2002, and no matter where I turned, all signs pointed towards eating a low-carbohydrate diet as the only solution to managing blood glucose and insulin use in type 1 diabetes.So began my journey into understanding the optimal diet for people living with type 1 diabetes, type 1.5 diabetes, pre diabetes, type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes.At the age of 22, I was the first to admit that I didn’t know anything about diabetes, only that it had something to do with old people and chocolate cake.For the first time in my life, I was faced with a series of challenging questions for which I had no answers:How do I inject insulin?How much insulin do I need?How often should I inject insulin?What is an appropriate amount of insulin?What are the dangers of too much insulin?What are the dangers of too little insulin?What should I eat to control my blood glucose?What should I NOT eat?When should I eat?Can I still exercise?How much should I exercise?What happens if I don't eat?What's going to happen to me in 5 years? 10 years? 20 years?Am I destined for a heart attack?Am I going to gain weight on a low-carbohydrate diet?Plagued with chronically high blood glucose, excessive thirst, low energy, bad breath and constant anxiety, I listened to everything that my doctors and nutritionist told me at the time. Without reservation, they recommended that I eat a low-carbohydrate diet, because that was “the only way to manage blood glucose.”So I did. I minimized my carbohydrate intake, and did my best to avoid fruits, breads, cereals, pastas and rice. Instead, I increased my intake of foods containing fat and protein, including peanut butter, cheese, milk, fish, eggs, poultry and vegetables.“Great,” I thought to myself, “My doctors are prescribing my favorite foods!”During the first year of my diagnosis with type 1 diabetes, even though I was eating a low-carbohydrate diet and enjoying my food very much, I noticed a few things that were very alarming:My blood glucose was extremely hard to controlMy blood glucose meter was effectively a random number generatorMy insulin use seemed quite high (35-42 units per day)My energy levels fluctuated rapidly and randomlyMy breath was terribleI was very irritableI knew that something was terribly wrong, I just had no idea how to fix the problem. Because I was trained as a mechanical engineer, I decided to take a scientific approach to answering finding the solution. I researched all types of diets, and decided to try a plant-based approach, given that it made the most logical sense.I switched from eating a low-carbohydrate diet to a low-fat diet comprised mostly of plants. I began eating large quantities of fruits and vegetables, and minimized my intake of fat-rich foods like avocados, nuts, seeds, coconuts and olives.I ate more fruits and vegetables than I had ever eaten in my life, which directly refuted the anti-carbohydrate wisdom that was all around me. I was nervous that my blood glucose would increase, due to an increase in carbohydrate intake, and I was also nervous that my insulin use with skyrocket.What actually happened? In the first 3 months, I achieved the following:My total daily dose of insulin fell from about 42 units/day to about 25 units/day, a reduction of more than 45%My blood glucose stabilized and became significantly easier to controlMy A1c fell from about 7.5% to 6.2%My energy levels increased dramaticallyI returned to playing soccer, weight lifting, cycling and runningMy anxiety about my diabetes health reduced significantlyThe Truth About InsulinAfter seeing such positive change in my personal health, I attended graduate school to earn a PhD in Nutritional Biochemistry from UC Berkeley, to study the molecular level details of insulin resistance and carbohydrate metabolism.In the process of more than 5 years of research, I learned the ins-and-outs of many holistic approaches to manage diabetes. What I learned was nothing short of mind-blowing.Most medical professionals will argue that the #1 goal of any treatment program for people with type 1 diabetes is to minimize your total insulin use, and drive it down as close to zero as possible. As a result of this, millions of people across the planet living with type 1 diabetes have the same and goal in mind: minimize or eliminate insulin altogether.What most people don't realize is that insulin is a required biological hormone for life, and that without insulin, you and I would die. Period.All mammals require insulin, and humans are no different. Take a look around - all mammals have a biological requirement for insulin, including your pets and human friends:Dogs secrete insulinMonkeys secrete insulinCats secrete insulinMice secrete insulinPigs secrete insulinGoats secrete insulinYour non-diabetic friends secrete insulinIf you believe that insulin is the enemy, then you are tricking yourself into believing erroneous biology, which may lead you towards a low-carbohydrate diet that increases your risk for chronic diseases and all-cause mortality.The goal of any good type 1 diabetes management program is not to eliminate insulin injections, but to inject your physiologically normal amount of insulin. Excess insulin increases your risk for chronic disease in the long term, and eliminating insulin injections altogether can lead to premature death.Your goal as a person with type 1 diabetes is to inject a physiologically normal amount of insulin, not to eliminate insulin injections altogether.Holistic Approach #1: The Ketogenic DietKetogenic diets are considered very-low-carbohydrate diets, and advocate eating a maximum of 30 grams of carbohydrate per day. By doing so, you achieve a metabolic state known as ketosis, in which your liver converts fatty acids into ketone bodies, then uses those ketone bodies as your primary fuel source.Those eating ketogenic diets consume foods like:MeatFull-fat diary products (cheese, butter, milk, ice cream etc.)PoultryFishEggsOlive oilNon-starchy vegetablesLeafy greensAvocadoesNuts and seedsMost of these foods are very high in saturated fat, even if they come from grass-fed animals.Those on a ketogenic diet are told to stay away from the following:FruitsStarchy vegetables (potatoes, squash, root vegetables)RiceQuionaWhole grainsCornThe main benefits of a ketogenic diet for those living with type 1 diabetes are the following:Flatline blood glucose (easier to control your blood glucose)Decreased need for insulinWeight lossKetogenic diets were originally invented for epileptics, and are effective at reducing seizure incidence. However, ample evidence shows that ketogenic diets come with a laundry list of unwanted side effects that simply cannot be overlooked.These side effects are chronic health conditions that are fueled by a diet low in carbohydrates, high in fat, high in protein and low in water, antioxidants, vitamins, fiber and water. Most importantly, low-carb diets increase your risk for all-cause mortality, which increases your risk of death from any cause.The list of ketogenic diet side effects is here:DiarrheaNauseaConstipationVomitingAcid refluxHair lossKidney stonesMuscle cramps or weaknessHypoglycemiaLow platelet countImpaired cognitionInability to concentrateImpaired moodRenal tubular acidosisDisordered mineral metabolismStunted growth in childrenIncreased risk for bone fracturesOsteopenia and osteoporosisIncreased bruisingSepsisPneumoniaAcute pancreatitisHyperlipidemiaHigh cholesterolInsulin resistanceElevated cortisolIncreased risk for cardiovascular diseaseIncreased risk for atherosclerosisCardiomyopathyHeart arrhythmiaMyocardial infarctionMenstrual irregularitiesAmenorrhea (loss of period)Increased risk for all-cause mortalityIt is important to understand that even though a ketogenic diet makes your blood glucose easier to control in the short-term, in the long-term it significantly increases your risk for a wide variety of chronic health conditions that may ultimately shorten lifespan and decrease your quality of life.Holistic Approach #2: The Low-Carbohydrate DietSimilar to the ketogenic diet, a low-carbohydrate diet involves minimizing your intake of carbohydrate-rich foods, and maximizing your intake of fat-rich in protein-rich foods.The main difference between a low-carbohydrate diet and a ketogenic diet is in the total quantity of carbohydrates. Those on a ketogenic diet usually keep their total carbohydrate intake below 30 grams per day, while those on a low-carbohydrate may eat as much as 75 grams of carbohydrate per day.Those on a low-carbohydrate diet may not enter a state of ketosis if their carbohydrate intake exceeds 30 grams per day. In this case, their carbohydrate intake is low, and they are still able to use carbohydrates (glucose) for energy without the need to synthesize ketone bodies.The main problem with low-carbohydrate diets is that even though they promote weight loss in the short-term, they increase the risk for all chronic disease in the long-term, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, atherosclerosis, high cholesterol, many types of cancer, and all-cause mortality (death from any cause).Dr. Michael Greger from NutritionFacts.org refers to low-carb diets as equivalent to being obese.Holistic Approach #3: High-Fat Raw Food DietPioneered by Dr. Gabriel Cousens, the high-fat raw food diet is a blend between a plant-based diet and a ketogenic diet. This diet incorporates 100% plant foods, and focuses on eating high-fat plants such as:Nuts and seeds (often sprouted)AvocadoesCoconuts and coconut oilOlives and olive oilFoods that are not allowed on his program include the following:All animal productsAll grainsPeanuts, pistachiosCornWhite potatoesMushroomsSugarAlcoholCoffeeProcessed vegetable oilsSoy sauceHis program is divided into 3 phases, including:Phase 1 (very low-carbohydrate)Phase 1.5 (low-carbohydrate, includes low glycemic index plants like berries and carrots)Phase 2 (increase raw vegetable consumption and higher glycemic index fruits as an occasional treat)People with type 1 diabetes are recommended to follow phase 1 for 3 months before transitioning to phase 1.5 or phase 2.The benefits of following this approach are similar to the benefits of a ketogenic diet:Flatline blood glucose (easier to control your blood glucose)Decreased need for insulinWeight lossDr. Cousens has helped some people with type 1 diabetes become insulin free, claiming that a 100% plant-based approach is the most powerful weapon against diabetes, and the most effective way to minimize your need for insulin.Dr. Cousen’s Phase ChartHolistic Approach #4: Low-Fat, Plant-Based, Whole-Food DietA low-fat, plant-based, whole-food diet is the most effective method of minimizing insulin resistance, a condition that is present across all forms of diabetes, including type 1 diabetes, type 1.5 diabetes, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance results in an increasing need for insulin over time, resulting in excessive insulin use.Insulin resistance is a risk factor for many chronic health conditions, including heart disease, high blood pressure (hypertension), high cholesterol, cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, kidney failure, stroke and nerve damage.Adopting a low-fat, plant-based, whole-food approach is the single most effective way to increase your insulin sensitivity, which allows you to eat more carbohydrate for less insulin.The most effective method of maximizing your insulin sensitivity is to reduce your total fat intake to between 20-30 grams per day, depending on your height, weight and activity level.Take a look at the following graphic for an illustration of green light, yellow light and red light foods on a low-fat, plant-based, whole-food diet:The benefits of adopting a low-fat, plant-based, whole-food diet in type 1 diabetes (as well as all forms of diabetes), is that your can achieve the following:25-60% reduced insulin usePredictable blood glucoseReduced A1c (1.0-6.5%)Consistent weight loss over time (5-150 pounds)Significantly more energyImproved athletic performance and recoveryImproved mental clarityReduced risk for chronic diseases, including heart disease, atherosclerosis, high cholesterol, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, cancer, autoimmune disease and obesityTake Home MessagesAs you can see, there are a number of holistic approaches to managing your diet living with type 1 diabetes.While each approach has its pros and cons, it is extremely important to not only control your blood glucose living with type 1 diabetes, but to develop a long-term plan that minimizes your risk for the development of other chronic diseases.References1. Arcidiacono B, Iiritano S, Nocera A, Possidente K, Nevolo MT, Ventura V, et al. Insulin Resistance and Cancer Risk: An Overview of the Pathogenetic Mechanisms. Exp Diabetes Res [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2014 May 21];2012. Available from: Insulin Resistance and Cancer Risk: An Overview of the Pathogenetic Mechanisms2. Griffin ME, Marcucci MJ, Cline GW, Bell K, Barucci N, Lee D, et al. Free fatty acid-induced insulin resistance is associated with activation of protein kinase C theta and alterations in the insulin signaling cascade. Diabetes. 1999 Jun;48(6):1270–4.3. Yu C, Chen Y, Cline GW, Zhang D, Zong H, Wang Y, et al. Mechanism by which fatty acids inhibit insulin activation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1)-associated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity in muscle. J Biol Chem. 2002 Dec 27;277(52):50230–6.4. Hirabara SM, Curi R, Maechler P. Saturated fatty acid-induced insulin resistance is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle cells. J Cell Physiol. 2010 Jan;222(1):187–94.5. Yuzefovych L, Wilson G, Rachek L. Different effects of oleate vs. palmitate on mitochondrial function, apoptosis, and insulin signaling in L6 skeletal muscle cells: role of oxidative stress. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Dec;299(6):E1096–1105.6. Hirabara SM, Silveira LR, Abdulkader F, Carvalho CRO, Procopio J, Curi R. Time-dependent effects of fatty acids on skeletal muscle metabolism. J Cell Physiol. 2007 Jan;210(1):7–15.7. Massao Hirabara S, de Oliveira Carvalho CR, Mendonça JR, Piltcher Haber E, Fernandes LC, Curi R. Palmitate acutely raises glycogen synthesis in rat soleus muscle by a mechanism that requires its metabolization (Randle cycle). FEBS Lett. 2003 Apr 24;541(1-3):109–14.8. Hirabara SM, Silveira LR, Alberici LC, Leandro CVG, Lambertucci RH, Polimeno GC, et al. Acute effect of fatty acids on metabolism and mitochondrial coupling in skeletal muscle. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006 Jan;1757(1):57–66.9. Shulman GI. Cellular mechanisms of insulin resistance. J Clin Invest. 2000 Jul;106(2):171–6.10. Randle PJ, Garland PB, Hales CN, Newsholme EA. The glucose fatty-acid cycle. Its role in insulin sensitivity and the metabolic disturbances of diabetes mellitus. Lancet. 1963 Apr 13;1(7285):785–9.11. Roden M, Price TB, Perseghin G, Petersen KF, Rothman DL, Cline GW, et al. Mechanism of free fatty acid-induced insulin resistance in humans. J Clin Invest. 1996 Jun 15;97(12):2859–65.12. Brehm A, Krssak M, Schmid AI, Nowotny P, Waldhäusl W, Roden M. Increased lipid availability impairs insulin-stimulated ATP synthesis in human skeletal muscle. Diabetes. 2006 Jan;55(1):136–40.13. Martins AR, Nachbar RT, Gorjao R, Vinolo MA, Festuccia WT, Lambertucci RH, et al. Mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle insulin resistance induced by fatty acids: importance of the mitochondrial function. Lipids Health Dis. 2012;11:30.14. Kusminski CM, Shetty S, Orci L, Unger RH, Scherer PE. Diabetes and apoptosis: lipotoxicity. Apoptosis Int J Program Cell Death. 2009 Dec;14(12):1484–95.15. Boden G. Fatty acid-induced inflammation and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and liver. Curr Diab Rep. 2006 Jun;6(3):177–81.16. Goran MI, Dumke K, Bouret SG, Kayser B, Walker RW, Blumberg B. The obesogenic effect of high fructose exposure during early development. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2013 Jun 4;17. Stanhope KL, Schwarz JM, Keim NL, Griffen SC, Bremer AA, Graham JL, et al. Consuming fructose-sweetened, not glucose-sweetened, beverages increases visceral adiposity and lipids and decreases insulin sensitivity in overweight/obese humans. J Clin Invest. 2009 May;119(5):1322–34.18. Akram M, Hamid A. Mini review on fructose metabolism. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2013 Apr;7(2):e89–e94.19. Zuñiga YLM, Rebello SA, Oi PL, Zheng H, Lee J, Tai ES, et al. Rice and noodle consumption is associated with insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia in an Asian population. Br J Nutr. 2014 Mar 28;111(6):1118–28.20. Wang L, Mascher H, Psilander N, Blomstrand E, Sahlin K. Resistance exercise enhances the molecular signaling of mitochondrial biogenesis induced by endurance exercise in human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol Bethesda Md 1985. 2011 Nov;111(5):1335–44.21. Little JP, Safdar A, Benton CR, Wright DC. Skeletal muscle and beyond: the role of exercise as a mediator of systemic mitochondrial biogenesis. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab Physiol Appliquée Nutr Métabolisme. 2011 Oct;36(5):598–607.22. Kirwan JP, Solomon TPJ, Wojta DM, Staten MA, Holloszy JO. Effects of 7 days of exercise training on insulin sensitivity and responsiveness in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Physiol - Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Jul 1;297(1):E151–E156.23. Fuchsjäger-Mayrl G, Pleiner J, Wiesinger GF, Sieder AE, Quittan M, Nuhr MJ, et al. Exercise Training Improves Vascular Endothelial Function in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2002 Oct 1;25(10):1795–801.24. Boulé NG, Haddad E, Kenny GP, Wells GA, Sigal RJ. Effects of exercise on glycemic control and body mass in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. JAMA. 2001 Sep 12;286(10):1218–27.25. Thomas D, Elliott EJ, Naughton GA. Exercise for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews [Internet]. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 1996 [cited 2013 Oct 18]. Available from: Exercise for type 2 diabetes mellitus26. Jensen TE, Richter EA. Regulation of glucose and glycogen metabolism during and after exercise. J Physiol. 2012 Mar 1;590(Pt 5):1069–76.27. Goodpaster BH, He J, Watkins S, Kelley DE. Skeletal muscle lipid content and insulin resistance: evidence for a paradox in endurance-trained athletes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Dec;86(12):5755–61.28. Hawley JA, Lessard SJ. Exercise training-induced improvements in insulin action. Acta Physiol Oxf Engl. 2008 Jan;192(1):127–35.29. Hawley JA. Exercise as a therapeutic intervention for the prevention and treatment of insulin resistance. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2004 Oct;20(5):383–93.30. Suo C, Liao J, Lu X, Fang K, Hu Y, Chen L, et al. Efficacy and safety of the ketogenic diet in Chinese children. Seizure - European Journal of Epilepsy. 2013 Apr 1;22(3):174–8.31. Kang HC, Chung DE, Kim DW, Kim HD. Early- and Late-onset Complications of the Ketogenic Diet for Intractable Epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2004 Sep 1;45(9):1116–23.32. Research paper (PDF): The ketogenic diet: From molecular mechanisms to clinical effects [Internet]. ResearchGate. [cited 2017 Apr 6]. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/7253814_The_ketogenic_diet_From_molecular_mechanisms_to_clinical_effects

What is your opinion on parents allowing their kids to be ANY sex/gender?It’s not up to the parents to “allow” anything.Our sex/gender develops naturally in the womb before birth.There is nothing anyone can do about it.Especially parents with a contrarian attitude.Might as well ask:What is your opinion on parents allowing their kids to be red haired?What is your opinion on parents allowing their kids to be left handed?What is your opinion on parents allowing their kids to be autistic?Seriously?These are inborn traits.No “… allowing …” necessary.- - - - -Let’s explore some deeper understanding, and let’s all teach ourselves what the phrase “trans* sex/gender” means to those who self-identify, and can accurately and appropriately be referred to, using those terms.Again and again, I will repeat this and expand this until this is old news that everyone knows well and understands implicitly and teaches to their children.For those willing to learn what being ANY sex/gender is, and for those unaware of, or with presumptions of what being trans* sex/gender is all about, here’s a summary, please note how many “SAME” definitions there are for cis* sex/gender and trans* sex/gender people alike, and please watch and read autobiography videos, movies, posts, blogs, and books for more.What trans* sex/gender people are actually all about is …In the womb before birth, our various endocrine subsystems develop their sex/gender under hormone presence, hormone absence, hormone receptivity, and hormone resistance, SAME for everyone, yet where our brain, and our gonads / genitals, which develop at different times, may develop different sex/gender from each other, all naturally, all in the womb, all before birth.Birth-certificate-witness-doctors can only see our genitals, and they diagnose, they assign, and they register, our sex/gender for us accordingly, SAME for everyone.However, we all self-identify our own sex/gender around 3-years-old according to our own growing self-awareness of the sex/gender of our own brain ( we need no review of our birth certificate assignment, no understanding of future reproductive sexual correlates, no DNA test, no Bible, no liberal indoctrination, no peer pressure ), SAME for everyone.And, if our brain is a different sex/gender than our genitals, then some of us change our sex/gender assignment through new legal registration with our federal, state, and local self-governance — and that's the SAME and equal for all of us, the SAME for cis* sex/gender people, and the SAME for trans* sex/gender people alike.A transition process, if any, is personally variable, and may or may not include any of the following, some of which have absolutely no impact or effect on the sex/gender of one’s body, including the ability to eventually procreate ( to parent our own child ):Presenting as one’s own self-identified sex/gender - hair, shoes, clothes, makeup, and so on, SAME for everyone,Changing one’s name, SAME for everyone,Registering one’s own self-identified sex/gender with any territorial self-governance ( no surgery necessary in the US ), SAME for everyone,Participating in sex/gender-specific activities as one’s own self-identified sex/gender, SAME for everyone,Puberty blockers, to delay the puberty of an averse sex/gender until the person is of legal age and psychological confidence to make a decision either way, puberty or transition, note that most people do not express any self-agency over their own body’s development.Hormones ( now we enter the realm of possible interference with reproduction ), note that anyone can receive hormone treatments for many reasons, so even this is , SAME for everyone,Surgery, including:top ( secondary sex/gender endocrine subsystems ),bottom ( primary sex/gender endocrine subsystems ),face and voice ( safety, as well as self-identity, especially for trans* sex/gender females ).We can all search the web and our local libraries and educate ourselves with something new and so important to understand, try these search keywords ( click on them to get started ):in womb brain sex/gender development for reports of 20+ years settled and continuously evolving science, biology, medicine, endocrinology, psychiatry, and law, the same for cis* sex/gender people and trans* sex/gender people alike.age of trans* sex/gender self awareness for self-testimony on self-identification, legally equal, the same for cis* sex/gender people and trans* sex/gender people alike.Spack trans* sex/gender thrive for the applied life-saving endocrinology support for people worthy of equal happiness, equal participation, equal success in our society, in their own society.register sex/gender SSA and sex/gender visa passport to see how to register our own self-identified sex/gender with our Social Security Administration at the federal, state, and local level, and secure national and international visa and passports that accurately present our own self-identified sex/gender identification, again, same for cis* sex/gender people and trans* sex/gender people alike.trans* sex/gender 101 and trans* sex/gender stories books autobiographies for expansive exploration of real people’s experience, testimony, and references, and to connect us with the wonderful and challenging worlds of people who have incredible and inspirational stories to share.And let's all watch and listen to trans* sex/gender people's own stories on TED and YouTube.… and PLEASE let's all grow some informed empathy.And our own confusion about trans* sex/gender people will be relieved as quickly as we learn new things.Look stuff up with me — let's all enjoy learning.And never forget to treat others with the dignity and respect that they would like, equivalent to what we would like for ourselves.These are life lessons, life saving lessons, for ourselves, and for our parents and grandparents, for our siblings, children, friends, neighbors, folks we work with, and so on.No more second class citizens, ever, please — thank you.- - - - - - - - - -In response to others:Prior post:“… there is by no means any solid data that suggests transexualism is established in the womb. That claim is false …”[ Q1 ] If there’s “… no data …” ( whatever that is ) about something, then how can that something be considered “… false …”?[ Q2 ] Regardless, from my previous post that you are responding to, what specifically were you able to find from authoritative non-opinion sites or published references on the following related subjects?in womb brain sex/gender development for reports of 20+ years settled and continuously evolving science, biology, medicine, endocrinology, psychiatry, and law, the same for cis* sex/gender people and trans* sex/gender people alike.age of trans* sex/gender self awareness for self-testimony on self-identification, legally equal, the same for cis* sex/gender people and trans* sex/gender people alike.Spack trans* sex/gender thrive for the applied life-saving endocrinology support for people worthy of equal happiness, equal participation, equal success in our society, in their own society.[ Q3 ] More importantly, are you saying that because there’s supposedly “… no data …” that you can find, that therefore only some other people’s legally equal self-identification of their sex/gender is “… false …”, but yous is true?[ Q4 ] What is your experience of yourself - do you believe that your own sex/gender self-identification is the result of something postnatal, and if whatever that was was different, that your own sex/gender self-identification would be different, therefore, not innate, and as such, perhaps even subject to modification more than once?Thanks for exploring.- - - - -For the record today, here are the top few results from the above searches:in womb brain sex/gender development for reports of 20+ years settled and continuously evolving science, biology, medicine, endocrinology, psychiatry, and law, the same for cis* sex/gender people and trans* sex/gender people alike.Sex Begins in the Womb - Exploring the Biological ... - NCBI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › books › NBK222286 by TM Wizemann - ‎2001 - ‎Cited by 6 - ‎Related articles During early development the gonads of the fetus remain undifferentiated; that is, all ... (the normal development of male sex characteristics) of the brain and genitalia. .... increases the incidence of gestational diabetes in susceptible women.Sexual differentiation of the human brain in relation to gender ... https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pubmed by I Savic - ‎2010 - ‎Cited by 146 - ‎Related articles Sexual differentiation of the human brain in relation to gender identity and sexual ... be programmed into our brain structures when we are still in the womb.Gender: When the body and brain disagree | Science News ... https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org › article › gender-when-body-and... by AL Mascarelli - ‎Cited by 2 - ‎Related articles Jul 31, 2015 - Doctors refer to people who feel that they belong to the opposite sex from the one ... Gender identity has to do instead with our inner sense of who we are. ... During pregnancy, genetic factors influence the development of the ...Sexual differentiation of the human brain in relation to gender https://www.functionalneurology.com › 389_XXIV_1 › 3373_sexual by DF Swaab - ‎Cited by 127 - ‎Related articles All these factors may have a lasting effect on the sexual differentiation of the brain. The testicles and ovaries develop in the sixth week of pregnancy. This occurs ...Early androgen exposure and human gender development ... https://bsd.biomedcentral.com › articles by M Hines - ‎2015 - ‎Cited by 93 - ‎Related articles Feb 26, 2015 - Early androgen exposure and human gender development ... because their mothers were prescribed hormones during pregnancy, have been ... First, the brain regions and behaviors that are influenced show sex differences, ...Brain differences develop in womb | Education | The Guardian https://www.theguardian.com › education › oct › science.highereducation Oct 22, 2003 - The difference between male and female brains was assumed to arise around ... The discovery hints that unknown genes hardwire our gender - perhaps ... genes - as well as hormones - shape the brain's sexual development.Sex differences in functional connectivity during fetal brain ... https://www.sciencedirect.com › science › article › pii by MD Wheelock - ‎2019 - ‎Cited by 6 - ‎Related articles Healthy brain development in utero is imperative for achieving optimal .... In total, 166 pregnant women were recruited and underwent MRI between 25 and 39 ...New study shows differences between male and female ... https://angelusnews.com › arts-culture › new-study-shows-differences-betw... Apr 3, 2019 - Researchers conducted MRI scans on human fetuses in the womb, ... time that development of fetal brain FC varies with sex,” the researchers wrote, ... to neuroscientists what exactly the gender differences in brain function ...fMRI shows male, female brains going separate ways in the ... https://www.healthimaging.com › gender-differences-brain-development Search. fMRI shows male, female brains going separate ways in the womb. Dave Pearson | March 25, 2019 | Women's Imaging ... and cortical regions,” the authors reported in the April edition of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience. ... of their findings with meta analyses of neurodevelopmental sex differences in infants.Sex Differences in the Brain | The Scientist Magazine® https://www.the-scientist.com › features › sex-differences-in-the-brain-34758 Oct 1, 2015 - Gender refers to both personal and societal perceptions of one's sex, and ... are the result of in utero organizational effects of gonadal steroid hormones, ... Likewise, the brain will develop as a female brain by default and be ...- - - - -age of trans* sex/gender self awareness for self-testimony on self-identification, legally equal, the same for cis* sex/gender people and trans* sex/gender people alike.When Children Say They're Transgender - The Atlantic https://www.theatlantic.com › 2018/07 › when-a-child-says-shes-trans Like many kids her age, she is a bit overscheduled. .... The number of self-identifying trans people in the United States is on the rise. ... The current era of gender-identity awareness has undoubtedly made life easier for many young people who ...[PDF] Age of Individuals Who Identify as Transgender in the United ... https://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu › uploads › TransAgeReport by JL Herman - ‎2017 - ‎Cited by 114 - ‎Related articles the proportion of the population that identifies as transgender by age group, ... in addition to 0.6% of U.S. adults (1.4 million), 0.7% of youth ages 13 to 17, about ...Transgender youth - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Transgender_youth At the beginning, they may first be aware of the discordance of their gender identities and biological representation. This process can occur as early as six years old, with a mean age of 10.4. ‎Coming out · ‎Vulnerability · ‎Ensuring the child's security · ‎Acceptance of ...Transgender Children & Youth: Understanding the Basics ... https://www.hrc.org › resources › transgender-children-and-youth-underst... Family support is absolutely critical for transgender and gender-expansive ... “Family acceptance predicts greater self-esteem, social support, and general health ...Transgender youth: current concepts - NCBI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articles › PMC5290172 by SM Rosenthal - ‎2016 - ‎Cited by 24 - ‎Related articles Dec 31, 2016 - Keywords: Transgender, Gender nonconforming, Gender dysphoria, ... in transgender youth and young adults age 16 to 24 years (n=84) from Ontario, ... with life and self-esteem were significantly greater in transgender youth ... ‎Definitions, prevalence, and ... · ‎Natural history of ... · ‎Multidisciplinary care of ...Experts: Gender awareness comes at early age | Colorado ... https://gazette.com › news › experts-gender-awareness-comes-at-early-age Feb 27, 2013 - Experts: Gender awareness comes at early age ... and transgender — awareness comes at a very young age. ... The stirrings of gender identity and awareness occur early, alongside a child's evolving sense of self, said Kevin ...Gender Identity Development in Children - HealthyChildren.org https://www.healthychildren.org › ages-stages › gradeschool › Pages › Gen... Sep 18, 2018 - Self-recognition of gender identity develops over time, much the same way a ... Around age two: Children become conscious of the physical differences ... Ensuring Comprehensive Care and Support for Transgender and ...'Age has nothing to do with it': how it feels to transition later in life https://www.theguardian.com › society › nov › age-nothing-do-with-it-transi... Nov 17, 2018 - Transgender woman Ruth Rose ... Fierce debate about proposed changes to the Gender Recognition Act, which could enable people to .... Underhill-Smith, who is trans himself, recently handled a case in which someone with ...[PDF] Fact Sheet: Gender Diversity and Transgender Identity in ... https://www.apadivisions.org › division-44 › resources › advocacy › trans... Transgender children are more likely to experience gender dysphoria (i.e. .... this self-awareness is occurring at earlier ages, particularly as it is a topic more ...Transgender Kids and Gender Dysphoria | Child Mind Institute https://childmind.org › article › transgender-teens-gender-dysphoria Boys who transition to become girls are transgender females. ... or three years of age, when children become aware of the notion of gender and they may assert, ...- - - - -Spack trans* sex/gender thrive for the applied life-saving endocrinology support for people worthy of equal happiness, equal participation, equal success in our society, in their own society.Norman Spack: Saving the lives of transgender youth https://thriving.childrenshospital.org › norman-spack-saving-transgender-li... Apr 24, 2015 - Thriving Blog ... Norman Spack: Saving transgender lives ... Recent cultural developments—including the rise of transgender characters in TV ...Norman Spack - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Norman_Spack Norman P. Spack is an American pediatric endocrinologist at Boston Children's Hospital, where he co-founded the hospital's Gender Management Service (GeMS) clinic in February 2007. It is America's first clinic to treat transgender children.Where Transgender Is No Longer a Diagnosis - Scientific ... https://www.scientificamerican.com › article › where-transgender-is-no-lon... Jan 6, 2017 - Spack compares the DSM-5's new definition as similar in effect to its 1973 ... “This will also be the same situation for the transgender population living in Denmark. ... Transgender Kids: What Does It Take to Help Them Thrive?[PDF] Gender Identity - Cigna https://www.cigna.com › docs › childrenandfamily-2018-march-handout Mar 15, 2018 - Approach to Gender. Diverse and Transgender ... THRIVE GENDER PROGRAM .... “Dysphoria” – short for “Gender Dysphoria” which Transgender adolescents use referring .... psychiatric compromise Spack et. al, Pediatrics.Social Transition: Supporting Our Youngest Transgender ... https://pediatrics.aappublications.org › content by I Sherer - ‎2016 - ‎Cited by 11 - ‎Related articles Mar 1, 2016 - Those of us who work with transgender children frequently face decisions based on ... However, in a transgender population where nearly one half experience suicidal .... Spack NP,; Edwards-Leeper L,; Feldman HA, et al.[PDF] Supporting and Caring for Transgender Children - AAP.org https://www.aap.org › Documents › solgbt_resource_transgenderchildren transgender children to share her story with a national audience. Though ...... Other children have an insistent, consistent and persistent transgender identity; they thrive ..... 15 Norman P. Spack et al., “Children and Adolescents with Gender."Is It Just a Phase?" What to Do When Transgender Youths ... https://www.psychiatryadvisor.com › Home › Topics › Gender Dysphoria Aug 30, 2018 - The good news is that transgender young people thrive when they can ... Edwards-Leeper L, Spack N. Psychological evaluation and medical ...Serving Transgender Youth: Challenges, Dilemmas and ... https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articles › PMC4719579 by AC Tishelman - ‎2015 - ‎Cited by 65 - ‎Related articles Jan 20, 2016 - The term transgender typically refers to those individuals for whom .... 44%) presented with a significant psychiatric history (Spack et al, 2012). .... and/or adolescent needs (as any youth does) to thrive into a healthy maturity.- - - - -Note, there are 9 additional suggested search terms in my prior post for everyone to explore.- - - - - - - - - -Prior post:“… The data I'm referencing is not the data I can find but the data that exists in current studies through a variety of avenues and yes I'm happy to give you reference points. I'm not relating to any sources of opinion (like The Guardian) but numerous studies many of which are run by conglomerates and agencies that have vested interest in proving gender theory is entirely sociological and that trans. is entirely biological (both claims that are proven incorrect by science). In regards to sexual awareness the simple fact is that if your approach is deemed plausible it is due to a mental disorder. This mental disorder is a distortion of conceptual awareness and is a result of development defect. This is supported by Ncbi and other sources you offer. In turn this does not suggest an innate contrary gender but a disconnection between body and brain. Take the novel example of one of my boundaries associated with a genetic disorder I have on chromosome 15. I experience severe proprioceptive issues. This doesn't mean I have no boundaries to my physicality but rather my brains interpretation of spatial systems are disconnected and distorted …”Thanks, that explains a lot, such as I see you presuming that anyone’s experiences of themselves averse to other’s expectations must be the same as your experience of yourself averse to other’s expectations, and therefore self-identification cannot be superior to other-identification.You reiterate your prejudice:“… numerous studies many of which are run by conglomerates and agencies that have vested interest in proving gender theory is entirely sociological and that trans. is entirely biological (both claims that are proven incorrect by science) …”In other words, you dismiss with prejudice any “science” that does not meet your preordained conclusions, and you question the accuracy of reports based on where they are from and your imagination of their ulterior motivations rather than assessing the content on it’s own merits.So …( a ) please share the “science” you’ve discovered,( b ) please share any reference that “science” has any rights, especially superior rights, over anyone’s legally equal self-identification.The point is, discussions of sex/gender self-identification are not to advise legal respect, support, and protection of equal rights, but to help folks understand.We all have legally equal rights to our own self-identification regardless of anyone else understanding or agreeing on any basis of our claim for ourselves.- - - - -I note that this question has been merged by Quora moderators, combining “… parents allowing …” and “,,, parents deciding …”, two completely different and unrelated subjects.If anything in our dialog is across those different subjects, let’s make sure we clearly identify which topic brought us here and which topic we are responding to.I am responding to “… parents allowing …”, more akin to “… parents accepting …” where transgender acceptance saves lives.Thanks.- - - - - - - - - - -Prior post:“… Self identification is only valid within the confines of reality …”“… reality …?Whose“… reality …?Other people’s“… reality …?That’s other-identification.And therein lies the problem.Trans phobes believe in self-identification for themselves,But deny the same self-identification to others, especially to people - children especially - who self-identify averse to other-identification.All I’m saying is that other people’s understanding and approval is immaterial.We all legally equally self-identity.You do.I do.Cis* sex/gender people do.Trans* sex/gender people do.Inter* sex/gender people do.Everyone, all included, no exceptions.Regardless of naysayer’s desire to argue.Legally equal self-identification is not an adversarial procedure.There is no place for anyone else to step up and say “… I object …”.- - - - - - - - - -Prior post:“… In many cases transgenderism is politically established and studies are used to refine those states without first finding an accurate baseline … There is a tonne of data …”One reference will do, to let me look over your shoulder, see what you see, learn how you learn, about being trans* sex/gender - please share one reference.“… many cases …” implies that you’ve read a lot, and assessed “… many cases …” as presented under ulterior intentions and are therefore somehow inaccurate, and inappropriate - citing one of those would also assist me in seeing what you see.- - - - -“… baseline …”?What would be a “… baseline …” for an individual’s experience of themselves?- - - - -“… I've made no reference to myself other than an illustration of comparison to innate qualities. At no time have i regarded my experience as ‘normal' and I certainly don't intend to … I'm not referencing my own experience …”Oh?Of course I did not think you were not referring to your chromosome 15 situation as “normal” in any sense of the word.I understood you to mean that trans* sex/gender people are as abnormal in their distorted experience just as you are abnormal in your distorted experience caused by a chromosome 15 situation.In other words, because you have an experience of yourself, you were extrapolating to identify trans* sex/gender people’s experience of themselves to be equivalent, and more importantly, equivalently distorted.You are not normal, therefore trans* sex/gender people are not normal, in the same way.Prior prior post:“… In regards to sexual awareness the simple fact is that if your approach is deemed plausible it is due to a mental disorder. This mental disorder is a distortion of conceptual awareness and is a result of development defect. This is supported by Ncbi and other sources you offer. In turn this does not suggest an innate contrary gender but a disconnection between body and brain.Take the novel example of one of my boundaries associated with a genetic disorder I have on chromosome 15. I experience severe proprioceptive issues [ also referred to as kinaesthesia, is the sense of self-movement and body position, sometimes described as the "sixth sense", proprioception is mediated by proprioceptors, mechanosensory neurons located within muscles, tendons, and joints ]. This doesn't mean I have no boundaries to my physicality but rather my brains interpretation of spatial systems are disconnected and distorted …”Therefore, according to you, trans* sex/gender people’s brain’s interpretation of their bodies are disconnected and distorted, disconnection between body and brain.So, yes, you were using your own experience to extrapolate and assign trans* sex/gender people as disconnected from reality.There is absolutely no support for such a supposition.There is no evidence anywhere that trans* sex/gender people’s brains have any perceptual disorder or defect.To assume that a person’s brain’s sex/gender matches their body sex/gender is the observer’s presumption, based on their own prejudice - there is no basis for it, and there is “… tonnes of data …”, as you say, to the contrary..To then recoil and call someone mentally disordered because that person self-identifies their own sex/gender exactly as you or I do, yet their self-identified sex/gender is averse to the perceived sex/gender diagnosed, or assigned, or presumed, in the mind of the observer, speaks only to the myopia of the observer, and says nothing about the observed.Science doesn’t do that.Science observes.Science does not dictate.Science does not say “… because we see genitals that we assign as male, then your brain must also be male, or you are defective …”No.Science says “… your genitals appear male, yet you self-identify as female, can you tell us more about that? …”So far, we’ve witnessed:trans* or inter* or ambiguous genetics, XXY, XYX, and so on, mixed genetics, and genetics opposite the person’s sex/gender, XY females, XX males,trans* or inter* or ambiguous gonads, people with both an ovary and a testes, or neither, and so on,trans* or inter* or ambiguous genitals, people with both vagina and penis, an intermediate thingy, or neither, and so on,trans* or inter* or ambiguous hormones, presence/absence, and receptivity/resistance, especially XY females who naturally get pregnant and give birth unassisted, and XX males who live long happy lives with no adverse symptoms, see ambiguous genetics,trans* or inter* or ambiguous endocrine systems, brain sex/gender versus body sex/gender, see ambiguous hormones.Because science and medicine observe.Because science and medicine do not dictate.There are born-girls who get a penis at 12 years old ( look stuff up ).There are girls born with a clitoris so big that doctors diagnose a penis.There are boys born with penises so small that doctors diagnose a clitoris.It is estimated that 2% to 20% of any population has ambiguities in their sex/gender traits, more so in culturally and or geographically isolated populations. ( See Anne Fausto-Sterling and hundreds of references therein )Only ~12% of any population is observed to have only female-traits or only male-traits, the rest of us are mosaics by any trait criteria. ( See Daphna Joel, Luba Vikhanski and hundreds of references therein )Like Asperger’s autism and Kanner’s autism, electronic communication is permitting and encouraging awareness across heretofore isolated personal experiences, and more and more people are self-identifying as non-conforming in spite of presumptions and expectations of science, medicine, society, and religion.If we pay attention long enough, we’ll probably witness and experience every possibility beyond our imaginations.How many supposedly cis* sex/gender people even have any medical examinations reporting on the above often hidden and asymptomatic sex/gender variables for themselves?- - - - -Are you saying trans* sex/gender people must be mentally disordered, defective, because someone says “… I am a girl …” yet they have a penis?We all self-identify our own sex/gender, usually around age 3, with no awareness of understanding of what genitals mean ( or genetics, or birth-certificates or reproduction or bibles or liberal indoctrination or peer pressure or what’s happening on the news ).Trans* sex/gender girls have said “… when does my penis fall of and I get to be a girl like the other girls? …”, presuming everyone is born with a penis, and girls just lose them at some time.Understanding what a penis means to other people has absolutely nothing to do with it.Why do you think that cis* sex/gender and trans* sex/gender people are really much different at all?I’ve already shared copious references with you, including summaries that put everything into perspective.I do not get the impression that you have taken the time to read my offering, follow my references, and offer the same to me in return, showing how you learned what you are claiming..Please take your time and explore.Thanks.- - - - - - - - - - -Quora Content Review merged “… What is your opinion on parents allowing their kids to be trans? (What is your opinion on parents allowing their kids to be trans?) …” into “… How do you feel when parents decide their kid is transgender? (How do you feel when parents decide their kid is transgender?) …” Your answer was moved. This question is read-only because it has been merged. Question added by User-12197638746888206552 “… What is your opinion on parents allowing their kids to be trans? (What is your opinion on parents allowing their kids to be trans?) …” #945440792 · Thank · Report · 27 Dec 2019 9:53 PMNote, the two merged questions are completely different - “… parents allowing …” and “… parents deciding …” are completely different concepts..