Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning And Refrigeration #2517: Fill & Download for Free

First of all you will need a thorough knowledge of thermodynamics and specifically the refrigeration cycle with a good understanding on the basics of refrigeration and it's design parameters.Dismantling existing systems to know which parts are used and why would help you build the Bill of materials .Then you should start creating a design of a similar system step by step and specifying each every component based on the refrigeration cycle you would design for your application.Compressor, evaporator ,condensers, expansion valve,gas, piping, etcArrive through synthesis of the refrigeration cycle to the base level specifications and design parameters of each part in the system.Do the systems design, sub system design and then the component level detailing.Make CAD model. Run a CFD analysis and thermal analysis to evaluate performance of heat exchangers.Make the prototype , put in sensors , acquire data study performance.In short, it's not easy and would require good amount of time ,skills in design and analysis .

See this?It’s called a wind tower, and you can still find a few of these scattered throughout the Middle East.I shot this one at Madinat Jumeirah in Dubai, and while I am not sure if this particular wind tower is an old structure or a recreation, there are a few I recall from my time in Bahrain that were definitely from the era before air conditioning.So what is a wind tower, and how does it work?As anyone who has lived in or visited the region will know, the summers there can get hot…oppressively so. Temperatures of 40ºC (104F) and up are far from uncommon.Before air conditioning existed, many homes were equipped with these wind towers, which rise some five to six metres above the house, and are typically open on all four sides.They are designed to catch even the gentlest wind and funnel it down into the majlis (the common area of the house), creating a cooling effect. In fact, the wind towers would cause the inside temperature to drop by about 10ºC from the outside (so 104F outside would be 86F inside, by my calculations).One that I have personally experienced was at the Shaikh Isa bin Ali House (home of the present King’s great great grandfather) in Bahrain.You can actually feel the wind draft when standing under, and when it’s sufficiently breezy outside, someone with long hair (not me, obviously) can expect to have it tousled.Wind towers have actually been around since Egypt’s Early Dynastic Period dating back to 3100BC. Here’s an ancient miniature unearthed from near Cairo that’s currently on display at the Louvre in France:(Pic: Wikipedia)But if you think wind towers are relics of the past now that we have electricity, think again.With so much focus on green technology today, several researchers[1][1][1][1][2][2][2][2] have been working on improved versions that can be incorporated into modern buildings. One of them, British scientist Ben Hughes, has patented a system that adds a vertical pipe loop carrying a mixture of liquid and solid refrigerant that he says will make wind towers a feasible alternative to air conditioning.His zero-energy systems have attracted enough interest and funding, including from Qatar, which may integrate them into stadiums and structures at the FIFA soccer World Cup in 2022.Pretty cool, huh?Added September 24:There has been a fair amount of interest in this subject going by the comments, so let me address some of the points raised as well as add some more info:The concept of wind towers and wind catchers have been a subject of fairly recent interest by modern architects, who have revived its form and function. Here are a few examples…Zénith, a state-of-the-art music venue in Saint-Etienne, France, has a cantilevered roof structure designed to act as a wind scoop to channel and intensify the flow of air through the building to ventilate the auditorium naturally. Architect: Foster + PartnersThe Kensington Oval cricket stadium in Barbados features a series of individual stands rather than a complete stadium bowl, and the roof is designed to naturally maximize the flow of air. Architect: Arup AssociatesThe 60-story Burj al-Taqa (Energy Tower) being planned in Dubai aims to use historic wind tower concepts to ventilate the entire building. It is conceived to be 100% energy self-sufficient. Architects: Gerber ArchitektenFrom a comment posted by Louis Henwood, here’s an image of one of the cooling systems created by Ben Hughes, who I mentioned in my answer.For those who asked in the comments, wind towers work on the principle that hot air rises while cooler air sinks. The cooler breezes get funnelled down the wind tower which simultaneously allows for hot air to be pushed out.Footnotes[1] A new design of wind tower for passive ventilation in buildings to reduce energy consumption in windy regions[1] A new design of wind tower for passive ventilation in buildings to reduce energy consumption in windy regions[1] A new design of wind tower for passive ventilation in buildings to reduce energy consumption in windy regions[1] A new design of wind tower for passive ventilation in buildings to reduce energy consumption in windy regions[2] Old wind towers the new cooling system[2] Old wind towers the new cooling system[2] Old wind towers the new cooling system[2] Old wind towers the new cooling system