War In The Pacific National: Fill & Download for Free

It is true that U. S. Marines did not contribute large formations to the Normandy Beach landings. However, it is wrong to assume that they did not participate on D-Day or in Europe generally. Despite being relatively small in number and heavily tasked in the Pacific theatre, U.S. Marines were extremely valuable in planning and supporting the Normandy invasion based on their experience in the Pacific. Several Marine Amphibious planners on Eisenhower's staff even received prestigious medals for their part in operation Overlord and D-Day (Col. Jeschke, Legion of Merit). U.S. Marines also manned the Naval guns, cleared landing craft lanes, trained Navy and Army Scouts and Raiders (Pre-UDT/SEAL), trained many of the Army landing forces, and served as forward air controllers and Naval gunfire liaisons before, during, and after the landing. One company of shipboard Marines was put on alert when the Army Rangers became imperiled but was not utilized in part due to an army general not wanting to be upstaged by Marines like had happened in WW1.| National ReviewMarines in Europe were also active in the OSS, the forerunner of the CIA and SOC. “In addition to its civilian personnel, OSS had the authority to recruit military personnel from all services. Marine officers assigned to this work were given a specialty of MSS: Miscellaneous Strategic Services. More than 35 Marine officers and a considerable number of enlisted Marines were assigned to duty with the OSS in Africa and Europe during the war. Their duties were so highly secret that even their award citations were classified and remained so until after the war. Captain Peter J. Ortiz, for example, was twice awarded the Navy Cross, but these citations were not immediately published. The Marine Corps personnel in OSS made significant contributions to the Allied war effort in Europe and throughout the world” (NPS: Marines in Europe and North Africa (Assignment to London).Marine Corps Major Peter Ortiz was a leader in the French Resistance and ended the war as the most highly decorated member of the OSS. There is even an episode where Ortiz defends the Corps’ honor while wearing a Marine Dress Uniform and pulling a pistol on several Nazi officers in a French bar. Colonel Peter Ortiz and the Covert Marines - The History ReaderSo, even though official army policy was that no Marines were allowed to land, they did land, and were instrumental in many ways, some of which were highly classified.

Both Oregon and California remained loyal to the Union during the Civil War. Though there were Confederate sympathizers in the region. Federal troops in Oregon we called to fight in the East and they replaced by volunteers from California. The Governor at the time, John Whiteaker (D), was concerned in protecting his own state and the distant between Oregon and the rest of the nation would make that easy. However, the discovery of gold in 1861 in Canyon City, would cause settlers to conflict with Native American groups.The Union strengthen Forts Alcatraz and Point in California in order to protect San Francisco in fear that either the Confederacy or even Britain would attack. California delivered large shipments of gold to pay for the war. A single commerce ship could carry up to $1,000,000 worth of gold. Southern California had massive Confederate support, almost a quarter of California supported the Confederacy and some even wanted their own Californian Republic.California supplied the Union with 15,725 soldiers and Oregon supplied 1,810.Civil War Union Troops Furnished and LossesCalifornia's Role in the Civil WarNPS, The American Civil War, About the Civil WarNPS, The American Civil War, About the Civil War

Depends on whether your definition of remote is based on distance or access. By distance, the National Park of American Samoa is the most remote of the 62 national parks as designated by Congress. American Samoa lies approximately 2500 miles south of Hawaii in the Southern Hemisphere.Among the 419 National Park Service units (the NPS considers them all national parks), War in the Pacific National Historical Park on the island of Guam is also very remote. A NPS affiliated site, American Memorial Park, is on the island of Saipan a short distance north of Guam.If you’re referencing access, I would give the nod to Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve on the Alaskan Peninsula. About 130 air miles south of King Salmon, Alaska, the peninsula is only about thirty miles wide at the park, and receives such a pounding from inclement weather off the Pacific and Bering Sea, park goers have been known to wait a week or longer in King Salmon for a weather window to be flown to the park by charter plane. Of the 378 sites tracked by the NPS, Aniakchak easily has the fewest annual visitors, estimated at 100.Among parks in the Lower 48, the most isolated is Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument, about fifty miles north of Silver City, New Mexico. The highway winding its way through the Gila National Forest is the most notorious access road in the park system.