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They are basing this on the fact that kids do not seem to get the horrid after effects for the vast majority after being exposed to the original variant . They are NOT accounting for the fact that kids are walking talking incubators and CHILDREN that have a following rules issue because they are KIDS, and the other people the can go on to infect. Just take one look at the rise in cases in the US that in too many places insisted on in person learning and the risk they posed to the school staff, household residents, or the possibility this virus contracted in childhood should very well be like other viruses that can rear it very ugly head again in adulthood ( the chicken ppx/ shingles is one that come to mind, another is the mumps and adult sterility issues) None of this is known, just being guessed at. There is a different corona virus the effects cats. In one for, the “wet" the cat gets really sick and dies with an accumulation of excess fluids in the chest and abdominal cavity ( similar to those people that end up on ventilators or dying) The same virus has a “dry form" in cats. The cat may have a seemingly mild cold or 0 symptoms, only to months even years later developing neurological issues, blood clotting issues, multiple organ failures and death.Oddly when I 1st heard of Covid 19 over a year ago I was curious if this and the cooler coastering +then — then + again for antigens would happen with Covid 19. A mont or 2 later 1st report on this happening was brought out, then the other symptoms of clots causing strokes, Pulmonary embolism and heart attacks just like cats wit their feminine corona virus d has been noted. I also wondered if cats could catch this human Corona virus, and sure enough both domestic and big cats in contact with humans tested positive with muselids (mink, ferrets etc would catch it like they can the Feline corona virus)I was NOT in the least surprised on all the yes answers to my speculation came rolling in. Humans can not catch the feline corona wires, but the can catch this “ human” corona virus. So it is technically zoonotic with lots of similarities.I am currently living outside the USA right now and just filed for an extension & was granted it to stay here where I am in the Philippines. You maybe wondering why I would prefer staying in a “ third world" country o er the USA. It has to do with 10k as of this date 1–21–21 deaths here with a population 1/3 of the USA all crammed into a LAND MASS area slightly larger than the State of Michigan versus 400k deaths in a population spread across all 50 states. The Philippines has shut all in person learning DOWN since last year citing that kids a bit behind even taking a year off until a vaccine and being alive at the end of the year ( as well as their teachers) is better than dead teachers, kids, parents and grandparents as so may house holds are multigenerational. As a person who also taught HS for over a decade, I agree with the Philippines handling over that of the girder administration in the USA. With the discovery now of 3 new variants making transmission easier and infecting kids more often, I would rather stay here. The Philippines is not letting tourists or travelers with out IMMEDIATE family members residing here in to the country, and you have a whole lot of testing & quarantining to do if you are coming back here. The Philippines response has not been perfect but it has most certainly been proactive in damping down the spread. ( note we had our 1st confirmed case nearly a month before the US even acknowledge that Covid 19 was even going to be a problem and lock downs and contact tracing already implemented by the time Trump even gave his incredibly uninform, “its going to go away like magic” statement. If the Philippines had behaved as badly there would be 135k dead today instead of 10k. You judge who responded better.

My brother Robert Acton (1947–1997) served in Vietnam. He wasn't drafted by the Army and actually chose to enlist in the early days of the conflict.When I was a freshman in high school, I went to an all girls high school. It was a good place and I am sorry for losing that opportunity by the multitude of uniform violations and the absence of we completed assignments in retrospect but in retrospect, I was a kid who thought that I had more time. I took some of the American life for granted. The freedom we had and the price at which we had to we had to pay for it. The people who I thought would be around longer than I got to keep them and that youth that is wasted on the young.I liked the Public Speaking class I had and the sole criticism of my teacher was my tendency to talk longer than the amount of time we were required to fill. I have continued this tradition of the overtime dissertation on Quora. It's easier for me to be in front of a crowd of strangers and reveal the contents of this head or heart than I could imagine sharing the same with a friend or relative.I was assigned to give a speech in the class about a “person you actually know that's a hero but it's probably not something known in their everyday life.” It was an interesting idea.I picked my brother Bobby because I honestly admit that I was (and still am) an 11th hour person and I was down to the wire. I knew that he was in the war and had gotten a Purple Heart. I knew that and little more. I'm admitting that 30 years later because I am not proud of it. I'm sorry for being a dumb ass kid and I am weeping in my bed in the dim light of a little screen with the middle ages eyes that were unable to cry or blink or even move on the day of his funeral as I watched the Army men folding his flag into a triangle and hand it to my nephew Shawn that February afternoon a week before his 50th birthday with my gray desaturated heart under a gray desaturated sky.I don't know what you were thinking about on the night that you died. There was a comet that year. Comets are portents. They are groundbreaking game changers that I have seen etched in the sky and I think about it now scratched into the surface of the heavens as if by God's fingernail opening the way for you.“What did you do the year that you were 21, Miss DuBois?” You would have said.“I buried my brother. I went to the Caribbean and grieved there. I made my first record on CD and it sold well in Canada. I met my husband. Bought the used New Yorker. There was a comet that year and I have to say that the turning point of my life was really this:I was 21 and it was February third and I'd gone drinking with John Whiting and called home from the Magnolia Drive oh my God..my brother Bobby died.”But I have to go back to his Purple Heart and the other part of my life when it was a good seven years and three months earlier. I was I was in Sister Kathleen's Speech class in grade nine and I think that I had been in trouble for the past few weeks academically.I had tested well as usual in the entrance exam and I tested well as usual every time I needed to scrape by (barely) in my classes. But the catch was that I'd been given a partial scholarship based on my scores in the entrance exam. The school was hoping they bet on a good horse- that I didn't turn out to be the two-legged horse that I WAS where actual day-to-day classroom work and regular homework assignments were concerned.I was not what they expected. I rarely turned in my homework assignments. I was not “into” homework. I was in danger of having the scholarship taken from me.I was not forthcoming in my disclosure of this information with my parents. The night before the speech, I just got on the phone with my brother Bobby and I was totally candid about the situation to him. We were not that close in age but I had always been able to be a little more open and honest with him than I would ever have been with my parents. I know if I had a good reason for them to get involved in my own situations, he would have involved them. (The one time I DID require a little more than just his ear, well, I was already 18 and I never actually shot anyone when I fired it but different story, different day)So I asked my Vietnam Veteran brother if he would mind participating in my speech class report as my subject for my Hero In Plain Sight. I was a procrastinating and oblivious moron but I had no idea how much so. He said he was honored to be such a subject and he would be over later that night.When the BMW he had gotten a few months earlier pulled up the driveway, I was thinking about what had happened to its predecessor.It was the morning of Thursday, May 24. I was on the way to Greenfield Village, Michigan for a field trip with my class. It was a trip to see the workshop of Thomas Edison and a whole lot of historic places and objects that I was looking forward to seeing all year long. In the same time as I was in the school's rented your bus, Bobby was heading to work as a stagehand when a drunk driver was heading the wrong way at 90 mph up Ohio State Route 2, hitting the green BMW head on. It flipped over vertically 5 times and though he was in his seatbelt when it stopped, one of his legs was broken by the wreck and ended up being bent into the back seat. It was devastating and the effects of the accident on my brother's body, spirit and just everything after turned him old and I think that my own brother broke open with the bone and much more of his spirit began to leave him like a ghost holding a balloon until eventually 7 years later he said he'd been through enough of iit and his body ran after that ghost balloon in the path of that train in a lot of pain and suffering and then when I got on the phone with my father I was 21 and he had been “missing” but I suddenly knew that he was in a place where I was not able to feel the space of pain… I knew I would have to wait until I went out that scratched sky into the same place to be in the office where I pictured him waiting to get a call or something, an email..that is the way I was actually thinking that night …my hero in a dark office after hours… see how it is when you have a hero and he dies too soon in the story? The writer goes insane and puts him in the office where their dad worked only it's night and it's summer in the 1980s and everything smells like old cigarettes but it's not as if you are smokers and it's actually not bad…it's beautiful in a weird way and I see my brother Bobby and his fabulously iconic black Irish hair and Michael Douglas butt chin in the same way as he was at age 38 waiting for me.But I have to get back to the hero part. He's been waiting for the chance to get his story told by his ridiculously long winded younger sister for the longest time. It's been THIRTY YEARS.So here comes Robert Arbor Acton up the driveway with his came that has a brass head of a mallard and I don't think he's actually a manicure type but I know he had a truly great set of hands. Air sign hands according to my one astrology book-and he's an Aquarius- he was taller than a lot of the men in the family and named after my father's oldest brother Bob who was eerily enough killed by a train when my dad was fifteen years old.I watched the former soldier walk up the driveway. It was two days before Veteran's Day and the November leaves I had blistered my own hands tryng to take a little over an hour earlier were parting in the wake of his stride. It was VERY cinematic.He sat down in the kitchen at the butcher block table he had helped our father assemble a couple years before. I got a notebook and say across the table from him.“Tell me about Vietnam.” I was so dumb.'Well, Miss DuBois. I have to say… “I have been waiting twenty five years for someone-ANYONE-to ask me that fucking question.”I was kind of stunned. He had never sworn in front of me. And I didn't know that was going to be his answer. I was a little surprised to find out that was the truth. Then I wasn't. Then I was just sad.“Well…I . I was in high school… My friend Bobby Jindra went to Vietnam. And he came home in a box. I wrote this:”He had a couple of envelopes with him and a box. How had I not noticed them? The magazine he handed me was from the early 1960s and I started to read the description of my brother's friend who died in the jungle. I don't think I had any clue about what incredible literary talent was engulfed in the sarcasm and dry wit of the man who was sitting in my mom's chair, smelling of a faint hint of Giorgio Armani and cologne, pulling the other papers from the manila folder.“It was a little after my 18th birthday when I saw the recruiter.”“Wow. That's like what Dad did-” Our own father was a WWII Navy Veteran. He had lost a few of his friends and schoolmates in the Pearl Harbor attack. On December 5, 1941 he had his birthday and a scholarship to Penn State waiting for him to be the first Acton to go to college. Two days later, the “day that would live in infamy” would make him change his plans. Dick Acton joined the Navy.“I was not going to be a kid who took the same route as his father… so I chose to join the Army insteadand the Navy could go float.” He laughed.I remembered that he had hidden his boxing skill from our dad because of the fact that Duke had been a professional boxer and we had no idea Bobby was a good fighter himself until he knocked out the drunken clown at my 6th birthday party for taking a piss in front of the kids. That was something else!“You know Dad and I left from the same train station in the Terminal Tower back before whatever remodeling they are trying to do to it NOW. You had to go at 4 or 5 in the morning and nobody else is going to be on the same train except for OTHER guys who are you: other soldiers and sailors or they're about to be. And it is just so … you know, it's a lot of bullshit posturing because I think that the other guys are ..well ALL the guys-we are not aware of the shit storm we THINK we're aware of. We're kids. We see all the shit on t.v. but we're kids from Cleveland and Wickliffe and Parma Heights or Buffalo or Pittsburgh pretending to be men who are pretending to be soldiers! We are sure we can do this. I just don't… My friend Bobby Jindra? His name is on the wall in Washington. I have a good rubbing your mother did for ME when you were there.” his voice wavered and he waved fist of a paper on my periphery. I remember this, I thought.I just had space ice cream at the Smithsonian Air and Space museum. That morning. What do you see? My mom is blonde. Very good. Look at your shoes. Chester Taxi Company. Driver Picture. Maleek Jones. I'm wearing the mint green sandals. So I'm going to be 8. June. Cherry blossoms. Gramercy Hotel. Reagan Vs. Mondale. “We are doing this for Bobby..” I REMEMBER THAT.The wall in Washington.“I was just a kid. We all were. I wanted people to ask. I know it's a touchy subject to many people. They want to forget about Vietnam. It was a very weird time to be a big country in the world. Or get involved in the business of a small one So far away from home. It was a very turbulent time all around. I have a lot of conflicting memories. I'm not sure how to reconcile some of them but I know I am an American. I know I am not an atheist. I know I was shocked when the same people who have been friends with me were coming home from the little country as real as the moon as far as places to go to in the universe and come back home from DEAD… that is a thing that can't be changed or reconciled with.It will MAKE you crazy enough to get on a train and pretend that you're a man who's pretending he's a soldier so much that he becomes ONE of the soldiers going to that Moon in the jungle with a jungle on the MOON- and kicking through the vines, you have to be a machine that forgets to remember Ohio or your own family and get to the point where… you have to forget about the point.”He was reaching into the box. He pulled out the stripes of a sergeant and he pulled out the Purple Heart. I just stared.“What did you do to GET this heart?”He laughed at the question.“I don't know. I don't remember that part of my actions and I think it might be a good idea to get me to shut up and maybe it was am elaborate lie to cover up an equally well constructed ruse of the plan to get to know what the Moon is doing in the side nobody else REALLY discusses?”I exhaled loudly.“Bobby!” I turned around to where our father was rising a coffee mug in the sink. “Why did Bobby get a Purple Heart?”“He saved seven men from dying! He had us almost scared to our own deaths in the process and I don't think I will EVER forget THAT feeling. I was in the house on Douglas Road and his mother and I heard the doorbell ring. There's a pair of Army men in their dress uniforms and I think to myself 'Oh my God-that's the worst thing that could happen, do you want to go answer that and the damned world as you know it is going to end the moment you open your door?’ I don't think so. But I looked at my wife and I made the Sign of the Cross and I opened my door. And he said that he was hurt! Thank God! That was not good. But I was ready to punch the bastard out. You DON'T send me a pair of soldiers who are in formal dress and the damned morons ring our bell and tell me that my son is JUST HURT. What do you think the Army does if you die? A little sad parade? You could have joined the Navy.”I was just imagining the seven people. “But the people who he saved would be dead.”“I just did what anyone else would have done if they could do it. Who wouldn't have? They were my own platoon. You can't leave your own troops in a field like that. I don't remember that many but I know it was more than just TWO.””With a leg full of shrapnel no less.”I was surprised by the sound of the word “shrapnel” because it evoked a memory of an earlier memory connected with my brother and the word. It was really old and I don't know what had given me the idea of THIS but I somehow managed to come up with another definition of shrapnel VERY early in my life and it can best be described as”bayonet but as a verb and done by a kind of Nazi only they are dressed up as Alice in Wonderland characterI'd come up with the idea of THIS when I was about 2 years old and I shared this with my brother.“I know it's demented but it was a little bit of the way I felt that it was…this was a thing that I remembered when Duke said you had shrapnel in the leg from Vietnam and I don't know what I can do to get the FEELING of my personal image across except that THAT was Vietnam to ME as a small child…this monstrous dream of some sort and I knew my mom's cousin Danny fought it. I heard that our cousin Davidhad a shock from a shell and it gave the same thing as Danny plus drug problems…and the other young men had the same monsters chasing them. My friend Tracie's dad. The kids in my preschool had some dads or uncles who were in this world of the… Vietnam. But YOU are important for being the first to be able to go over to the PLACE. I just remembered that was the catch! All of them- these men that are dads or uncles or cousins…they were fighting in minds and nightmares and flashbacks. But I don't think I had a concept of the PLACE until I was told that YOU went to the same place as they were visited by the monster FROM and YOU were going to find out where it was and you fought it at got a shrapnel but saved other people who are ok and you.. Ohshit. You're a hero. You have been on the jungle on the side of the moon nobody seems, Bobby.”He was so gentle and fierce. So old and so young as he looked at me with the eyes of a freshwater sea.“And now you have the knowledge and I am not as heavy in my head. It was a shit world to come back to as a soldier. Dad and Uncle Feeney picked me up at the airport and I don't know… There were a few hippies there. I just got used to it. THEY were not used to it. They were ready to kick these guys in the ass! Because I was in uniform and the hippies there were giving me the finger. Yelling 'Fucking rapist! Murderer! Fuck YOU, G.I. Joe!” And you have a couple of middle class almost 50 year old guys who are ex-military and boxers and they are not going to tolerate it but I was going to get a lot of people who would be saying that. I just want to let it go… Dad is ready to knock the one guy out and he went up to me and said ‘You're a baby killer. You pussy.’ And spit a toll of snot in my face. And dad knocked him out with a left hook. But there were a few dozen of him over the years.”I met a version of the same attitude and I don't know what the hell got into me but I ruined my friend Phoebe's birthday party for handling it like my father had. During a time when the death of my friend Andy Nowacki in Iraq was a fresh wound and the stranger passing judgement on a stranger who was beautiful and good had pushed my buttons AND my shoulder….Andy is a hero too…“I had a pair of boots. This is something that I have been meaning to tell someone. I have been WANTING to tell someone who is listening and I was waiting for the right person. Who knew that was going to be you? I had a pair of jungle boots and I don't know why I did this, but I brought them back to Cleveland when I came back from Vietnam. They had the stink of the jungle on them. It was a very pungent smell like one I can not begin to imagine comparison with any other place in hell and I think that there are a myriad of hells to practice for other places you want to make it work for the next level of a form of hell but only one of them has the same musky mildew heavy rain and heat and viney wet plant jungle stench of the shit in this jungle and it was not a thing that you can get out of the way these boots were. I put them in the garage on a shelf in the back on Douglas Road and every now and then I was just losing my shit I was a little more than just a little giving the boots a lot of time to get this small gone but it still remained. Winter didn't even take it. I turned 21. It was there. I got married. Still there. My mother died. It was there. Dad married your mom. Still. I married. Not gone. You and my son. And my daughter. finally I don't think it's about the boots and I took them to the other apartment and doused with gasoline I lit up the fucking bastards like napalm and I flung them in Llake Erie.” He laughed and the laugh was just mirthless and more of a cackle.“You went to the other side of the Moon to get to the place where you can find the same monster.”“You can send a man to the mirror and he is not going to be without a target if it is monsters he wants to be hunting. War is not a thing to encourage the humanity in people. Boxes of people came back stamped RNW. Look it up. You will return to life as Soldiers pretending to be men who are trying to seem human beings but it's not as if you are going to be fooling anyone else in your hollow motions or empty gaze. Eventually I learned to stop trying and I think that was the best idea. I just got to the point where I was not thinking about it constantly. So I started BEING again. Now I am just me. I'm not a hero. I did what you are going to do if you have any soul and I think it is enough for the report. I'm so glad to be able to help. We are not the 'silent generation’ but I know it's like we're”the silenced generation” and I think that we are not complicit in the silence. We are dying to get a chance to tell you our stories. Some of us have been waiting for so long that we're just dying.”I got a B minus on the speech. I don't know what parts of the answer to this question are even what you want to be reading. But if I didn't get the other details of my brother's story in here, it is not the same story.I missed I I'm MORE than I have in years today .I love you, Bobby.

No. Mother Nature and natural variability are the answer as the earth is cooling. Cooling is not the new warming and we are not living in the fantasy of Alice in Wonderland where words become meaningless. There is no evidence of global warming now or for the past few decades. The Sun is the primary driver of climate not Co2 and the Sun is getting older and is dimming sending the earth less energy making the temperature colder.The Sun is DimmingDECEMBER 17, 2017 / DR.TONY PHILLIPSDec. 15, 2017: On Friday, Dec. 15th, at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida, SpaceX launched a new sensor to the International Space Station named TSIS-1. Its mission: to measure the dimming of the sun. As the sunspot cycle plunges toward its 11-year minimum, NASA satellites are tracking a decline in total solar irradiance (TSI). Across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, the sun’s output has dropped nearly 0.1% compared to the Solar Maximum of 2012-2014. This plot shows the TSI since 1978 as observed from nine previous satellites:Click here for a complete explanation of this plot.The rise and fall of the sun’s luminosity is a natural part of the solar cycle. A change of 0.1% may not sound like much, but the sun deposits a lot of energy on the Earth, approximately 1,361 watts per square meter. Summed over the globe, a 0.1% variation in this quantity exceeds all of our planet’s other energy sources (such as natural radioactivity in Earth’s core) combined. A 2013 report issued by the National Research Council (NRC), “The Effects of Solar Variability on Earth’s Climate,” spells out some of the ways the cyclic change in TSI can affect the chemistry of Earth’s upper atmosphere and possibly alter regional weather patterns, especially in the Pacific.The Sun is DimmingThe polar vortex is when Arctic air from the jet stream shifts South during the winters bringing record cold and massive snowfall. It has happened often in the past. The vortex does not move evenly and causes different weather in its path. It is old hat and not caused by global warming.The polar vortex is a large area of low pressure and cold air surrounding the Earth's North and South poles. The term vortex refers to the counter-clockwise flow of air that helps keep the colder air close to the poles (left globe). Often during winter in the Northern Hemisphere, the polar vortex will become less stable and expand, sending cold Arctic air southward over the United States with the jet stream (right globe).NOAAAs a Canadian studying in Cambridge Mass. in Feb. 24–27, 1969 we suffered the the massive 100 year record cold winter snowfall. (It was so bad my wife working as an RN at Mount Auburn hospital couldn’t come home she had to sleep over because replacements could not make it to work .)2. The Blizzard of ‘78 (Feb. 6-7) - 27.1 inchesThe infamous Blizzard of 1978 destroyed hundreds of homes and flooded the coast. It caused $500 million in damage in Massachusetts and left 73 dead and 4,324 injured, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA).Residents of Farragut Road in South Boston dig out cars from snowdrifts from the blizzard of '78. (AP)3. Feb. 24-27, 1969 - 26.3 inchesThis storm lasted several days and left 26.3 inches of snow in Boston.The media said nothing about a polar voltex in those days. They blamed the weather on Arctic air sweeping down from Canada. Yes, it was at this time that the politicians and scientists were worried about global cooling not global warming. Today the alarmist are afraid to admit this fact as it weakens their narrative, but even big media stories documentThe NY Times alway ready to scare the public reported - “the Arctic climate is becoming more frigid, why parts of the Arctic sea ice have recently become ominously thicker and whether the extent of that ice cover contributes to the onset of ice ages. ???Thankfully the cause of this ice age fear is more believeable as it is cold weather becoming even colder not the specious, bizarre claim that COOLING IS THE NEW WARMING?It is surely phony science to blame carbon dioxide for Polar Vortex variability. Arctic air is always unstable and changes are natural and documented for millions of years in climate history.Winters are increasingly bitter with massive snowfall as we see in January 2019.Delingpole: The Frozen Hell Outside Your Window Is What Global Warming Looks LikeThe Midwest and Northeast are being ravaged by the Polar Vortex. Illinois has recorded its coldest temperature on record. Aurora, Illinois has recorded the coldest afternoon on record. Mail deliveries and flights have been cancelled. Governors in Illinois, Wisconsin and Michigan have declared emergencies.BIZARRE THEORY LINKING GLOBAL WARMING TO ‘POLAR VORTEXES’ RESURFACES. SCIENTISTS ARE PUSHING BACKIn what’s become an annual affair, the media is pushing articles suggesting bone-chilling temperatures about to hit the U.S. are the product of man-made global warming.However, many scientists disagree that global warming is having the bizarre effect of making it colder in winter, despite the media’s narrative.The two scientists published a study last year claiming cold snaps are more likely when the Arctic is abnormally warm, but their work suffered from serious flaws, namely, it did not test any hypothesis nor did it try to establish causality between global warming and cold snaps.The New York Times also pushed Cohen and Francis’s theory of global warming-induced cold. However, many scientists disagree with that theory and, in fact, there seems to be more evidence it’s just plain wrong.It defies common sense to claim that warming in the Arctic makes colder weather South of the Arctic. There is a much more practical answer to the Polar Vortex cause and that is ALBEDO OF FRESH SNOW.Albedo is an expression of the ability of surfaces to reflect sunlight (heat from the sun). Light-coloured surfaces return a large part of the sunrays back to the atmosphere (high albedo). Dark surfaces absorb the rays from the sun (low albedo).As the simple graph shows snow reflects 85% of sunlight back into space making the climate cooler.Ice- and snow-covered areas have high albedo, and an ice-covered Arctic reflects solar radiation which otherwise would be absorbed by the oceans and cause the Earth's surface to heat up. The proportion of the Earth's surface that is covered by snow and ice has a great deal to say for how much of the incoming solar radiation is reflected or absorbed. Low albedo (dark surfaces) leads to higher uptake of energy and, hence, warming. Moreover, when more ice and snow melt, there will be more dark surfaces. This is therefore a self-reinforcing effect. Climate change in the Arctic is consequently important for the development of climate change globally.http://www.npolar.no/en/facts/al...Norwegian Polar InstituteAs the Arctic expands with increased ice and snow the albedo is triggered and that makes the temperature colder like we witnessed this year. The snow albedo from the Arctic is a loop where cold gets colder and so on. This is surely a more common sense explanation than the bizarre unproved theory that global warming causes the shift in Arctic air. Also there are major science peer reviewed papers that identify the ALBEDO as the cause of this unique cooling.To realize how significant the snow albedo impact on temperature can be consider this evidence of our climate past.An extreme ice age hit the planet around 717 million years ago. Known as the Sturtian glaciation, this event is more informally dubbed "Snowball Earth" and it's thought to be the most extreme, and long-lasting, ice age the planet ever experienced. For around 50 million years, the entire globe was essentially covered in ice.https://newatlas.com/rise-of-algae-snowball-earth-animal-evolution/50934/#galleryThe research about the devastating snowball earth millions of years ago finds the albedo is the major cause.Effect of land albedo, CO2, orography, and oceanic heat transport on extreme climatesV. Romanova1 , G. Lohmann2,3, and K. Grosfeld2,3 1 Institute of Oceanography, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany 2Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, 27515 Bremerhaven, Germany 3Department of Physics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee, 330440 Bremen, Germany Received: 11 October 2005 – Published in Clim. Past Discuss.: 7 December 2005 Revised: 2 June 2006 – Accepted: 2 June 2006 – Published: 30 June 2006Abstract. Using an atmospheric general circulation model of intermediate complexity coupled to a sea ice – slab ocean model, we perform a number of sensitivity experiments under present-day orbital conditions and geographical distribution to assess the possibility that land albedo, atmospheric CO2, orography and oceanic heat transport may cause an ice covered Earth. Changing only one boundary or initial condition, the model produces solutions with at least some ice free oceans in the low latitudes. Using some combination of these forcing parameters, a full Earth’s glaciation is obtained. We find that the most significant factor leading to an ice-covered Earth is the high land albedo in combination with initial temperatures set equal to the freezing point.Oceanic heat transport and orography play only a minor role for the climate state. Extremely low concentrations of CO2 also appear to be insufficient to provoke a runaway ice-albedo feedback, but the strong deviations in surface air temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere point to the existence of a strong nonlinearity in the system. Finally, we argue that the initial condition determines whether the system can go into a completely ice covered state, indicating multiple equilibria, a feature known from simple energy balance models.https://www.clim-past.net/2/31/2...The Snowball Earth hypothesis proposes that Earth's surface became entirely or nearly entirely frozen at least once, sometime earlier than 650 Mya (million years ago). Freezing weather with albedo feedback locked temperatures into a downward spiral.The climate history of the runaway snow albedo causing ‘an ice covered earth’ ended most plant and animal life 700 million years ago.SNOWBALL EARTHSnowball Earth - Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sn...Ice- and snow-covered areas have high albedo, and an ice-covered Arctic reflects solar radiation which otherwise would be absorbed by the oceans and cause the Earth's surface to heat up. The proportion of the Earth's surface that is covered by snow and ice has a great deal to say for how much of the incoming solar radiation is reflected or absorbed. Low albedo (dark surfaces) leads to higher uptake of energy and, hence, warming. Moreover, when more ice and snow melt, there will be more dark surfaces. This is therefore a self-reinforcing effect. Climate change in the Arctic is consequently important for the development of climate change globally.http://www.npolar.no/en/facts/al...Norwegian Polar InstituteGLACIER GIRL AND MASSIVE SNOWFALLThere are four factors which affect ice sheet mass balance: snowfall, sublimation, melting, and glacier calving. In both Greenland and Antarctica, snowfall is by far the most important of those four. In fact, in Antarctica, snowfall accumulation is approximately equal to the sum of the other three.The magnitude and importance of snowfall on ice sheet mass balance is illustrated by the story of Glacier Girl. She's a Lockheed P-38 Lightning which was extracted in pieces from beneath 268 feet of accumulated ice and snow (mostly ice), fifty yearsafter she landed on the Greenland Ice Sheet.That is an astonishing number, more than 5 feet of ice per year, which is equivalent to more than seventy feet of annual snowfall! That snow represents evaporated water, mostly removed from the Arctic and North Atlantic Oceans, which then fell as ocean-effect snow on the Greenland Ice Sheet.Dave BurtonThe story of Glacier Girl is fascinating. You can read more about it here:Glacier Girl: The Back Storyand here:The Lost Squadron (Recovery of a P-38 from beneath a Greenland ice cap)So, what happens to snowfall in a warming climate?Is the Polar Vortex Affected by Climate Change? HOW STUFF WORKSNOWhile the polar vortex might seem like a shocking new phenomenon, cold snapscaused by distortions in the vortex actually have happened at other times in recent history. Back in January 1985, for example, the northern polar vortex was really distorted, and polar air pushed southward into the eastern U.S. In normally balmy Florida, the plunging temperatures destroyed 90 percent of the state's citrus crop. In Washington, D.C., the parade and outdoor ceremony for President Ronald Reagan's second inauguration had to be cancelled. Worse yet, at least 126 people died from the effects of the cold [source: NOAA].However, the polar vortex really isn't anything new to scientists. The polar vortex actually is a seasonal atmospheric phenomenon, a system of strong, high-level winds -- called the jet stream -- surrounding an extremely cold pocket of Arcticair. And while it might sound like a malevolent force of nature, the polar vortex for the most part is a pretty good thing, because its winds usually form a boundary that keeps the cold air contained and prevents us from freezing [source: Duke].The problem, though, is that once in a while, the polar vortex breaks down a little. The result is a big, powerful blast of Arctic air that can travel far south, causing the temperature to plunge in places accustomed to having mild winters [source: Duke]. In this article, we'll explain more about what the polar vortex is, and why it sometimes fluctuates.You may have heard a climate change skeptic point to a cold snap as proof that the planet isn't actually warming. Proponents, however, note that climate change may actually be contributing to distortions of the polar vortices, and the sudden plunges in temperature that those distortions cause.Here's the possible explanation. Scientists have observed that more and more Arctic sea ice is melting during the summer months. As the ice melts, the Arctic Ocean warms, and radiates that excess heat back to the atmosphere in winter. [BUT THE ARCTIC ICE IS NOT MELTING SEE BELOW] Because that heat somewhat reduces the contrast between the Arctic air and the atmosphere in regions farther south, it reduces the intensity of the winds that form the barrier between the two areas. That, in turn, weakens and disrupts the polar vortex. That hypothesis is supported by data taken over the past decade, which shows that in years when a lot of Arctic sea ice disappears, the vortex has a greater tendency to weaken [source: Fischetti].https://science.howstuffworks.co...ARCTIC sea-ice, refusing to suffer ‘missing out syndrome’, setting its own ‘inconvenient’ record …via Tony Heller’s Real Climate Science :Largest Increase In November Sea Ice Volume On RecordPosted on December 13, 2018 by tonyhellerThe increase in Arctic sea ice volume during November was the largest on record.spreadsheet dataNovember snow cover was the largest on record in North America.Rutgers University Climate Lab :: Global Snow LabAnd it was the fourth coldest November on record in the US.https://hprcc.unl.edu/products/m...November-Average-Maximum-Temperature-Vs-Year-1895-2018Meanwhile, our leading experts are warning that we are burning up and Arctic ice is disappearing.STATE OF ARCTIC SEA-ICE : 2018 SUMMER MINIMUMARCTIC SEA-ICE EXTENT (September 2018)MINIMUM sea-ice extent has been trending up over the past decade. The EXACT opposite of what the press and ‘97% experts’ have been telling you :Ocean and Ice Services | Danmarks Meteorologiske Institut | September Minimum Extent*ARCTIC SEA-ICE VOLUME (September 2018)2.0 – 3.0 meter-thick sea-ice covered most of the Arctic basin during the 2018 summer minimum : [This volume of ice refutes the bizarre warming is causing freezing.]DMI Modelled ice thickness | Sep 20, 2018*ARCTIC minimum sea-ice volume has been increasing since 2007 :Last winter was described by USA Today as “one of the snowiest, coldest, most miserable on record.”IPCC SAID in 2001 Report:“Milder winter temperatures will decrease heavy snowstorms.” Third Assessment Report The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ( IPCC) stated very clearly, Ice Storms 15.2.4.1.2.4.N [NOT HAPPENING]Here's how California's 6 feet of snow in 24 hours compares to other snowfall extremes:https://wxch.nl/2BhOn124:05 PM - 4 Feb 2019What this means if that the alarmist hypothesis that human emissions of Co2 are creating a climate crisis of catastrophic warming is false. It is pseudo - science.The alarmist and media are very duplicitous on this issue by seeing a bit of warming as global and dangerous and ignoring the massive freezing winters around the world recently by claiming they are caused by warming??? IMPOSSIBLE ORWELLIAN ILLOGICGood example was the drought in California in 2015–17 while record cold weather across the US. OBAMA said drought was climate change a record cold was just weather. Now California has massive snowfall and of course this is dismissed as winter weather?– Christine Stewart,former Canadian Minister of the Environment“No matter if the science of global warming is all phony…climate change provides the greatest opportunity tobring about justice and equality in the world.”– Christine Stewart,UN IPCC global warming science hypothesis is falseSadly the science relied on by the alarmists claiming a discernible human impact on global warming is bunk! Surprising that it is old and demolished science of the 1800s relied on by alarmists today for any connections between human emissions of co2 and global warming. They wrongly rely on Joseph Fourier in 1824, John Tyndall in 1860, and by Svante Arrhenius in 1896.The presumed pioneers, Fourier and Pouillet, were only concerned with water vapour. Tyndall showed that water vapour was far more important than carbon dioxide. Yet the wrong greenhouse gas has been chosen, purely because its concentration can be blamed on human activity.Arrhenius ignored the advice of these pioneers and failed to realise that Langley’s measurements which he used did not include carbon dioxide absorption; so his results were for water vapour instead. All subsequent advocates for an important role for carbon dioxide have failed to realise this.The settled science that a greenhouse warms up due to re-radiated light (energy), as set out by Fourier (1824), Tyndall (1861), Arrhenius (1896), NASA (2008), et al., is false.CHAPTER 5 :THE GREENHOUSE EFFECTThe alarmists fail to offer any modern references supportive of anthropogenic (i.e. man made causes. This is the reason that 2000 IPCC scientists researching the very issue of human caused climate activity found none in their summary report in 1995 -1. “None of the studies cited above has shown clear evidence that we can attribute the observed (climate) changes to the specific cause of increases in greenhouse gases.”2. “No study to date has positively attributed all or part (of observed climate change) to anthropogenic (i.e. man-made) causes.”3. “Any claims of positive detection of significant climate change are likely to remain controversial until uncertainties in the natural variability of the climate system are reduced.”The uncertainties of the IPCC working group 1 continue without any peer reviewed studies. Yet the public are bamboozled by the lies of Al Gore and other alarmists on this issue."If you tell a lie big enough and keep repeating it, people will eventually come to believe it."“WE need to get some broad based support,to capture the public’s imagination…So we have to offer up scary scenarios,make simplified, dramatic statementsand make little mention of any doubts…Each of us has to decide what the right balanceis between being effective and being honest.“– Prof. Stephen Schneider,Stanford Professor of Climatology,lead author of many IPCC reportsTHE Great “Extreme Weather” Climate Change Propaganda ConPosted: February 22, 2017 | Author: Jamie Spry | Filed under: Alarmism Debunked,The “Extreme Weather” meme has earned its place in climate change history as the fundamental driver of climate scaremongering, used deceptively and effectively to promote the catastrophic man-made climate change theory by instilling fear, doom and gloom directly into the human psyche through simple imagery and repetitive correlation rhetoric.Even though “weather” is not climate, the daily bombardment via news and multi-media of climatic disaster clips provide more than enough evidence for the casual observer to convince them that the climate is in fact changing as a direct result of human CO2 emissions.Much of the mainstream media gleefully encourages and promotes the catastrophic man-made warming narrative. Hence, sensationalising a typhoon in the Phillipines or a forest fire in California has become fair-game in the virtuous and IMHO nefarious push to enhance the supposed human CO2-induced climate catastrophe.However, when you look at hard data and scientific evidence pertaining to extreme weather through the lens of “Government data” and “Peer-Reviewed Science”, as opposed to scary pictures and videos, absorbed via billions of iPhones and hysterical climate-obsessed mainstream media, things are not quite as bad as they seem. In fact, by most metrics, extreme weather events are becoming ‘less’ extreme as CO2 increases. This should come as relieving news to all, though sadly, yet predictably, such data will come as extremely inconvenient news to the virtuous “Save The Planet” lobby and especially those invested in the trillion dollarglobal warming climate change industry that feeds and thrives off doomsday scenarios.*Below are listed the more common metrics associated with the much maligned and deceptively ascribed “extreme weather” meme. A term which I would label as a very clever weapon of mass climate propaganda to elevate hysteria, emotions and fear with the ultimate end to mould groupthink belief in human CO2-induced climate change…HURRICANESThe US is currently experiencing a record 12 year (4,380 days) drought of major landfall hurricanes (Cat3+). The last major hurricane to hit was “Wilma” in 2005:The major hurricane drought for Category 3 or greater storms continues. Updated December 2016 by Dr. Roger Pielke Jr. (via WUWT)Interesting historical reference point:NOAA keeps hurricane records back to 1850. The average number of US hurricane strikes per presidency is about eleven. Obama’s presidency had five hurricane strikes, the last being “Matthew” (Cat 1 at landfall, October 8,2016).Grover Cleveland (1885 – 1889 & 1893 – 1897) and Franklin D Roosevelt (1933 – 1945) both presided over 26 hurricanes, almost six times as many as Obama:The presidency of Barack Obama had the lowest frequency of US hurricane strikes of any president:Charts via Steve S Goddard – Only updated to 2014NOAA – Chronological List of All HurricanesDuring Obama’s presidency, atmospheric CO2 levels were between 384-400 ppm. At the time of Grover Cleveland, atmospheric CO2 levels were at 294 ppm. (NASA CO2 Data)*TORNADOESLast years tornado season marked the fifth consecutive year of below normal tornado activity in the US:NOAA | Storm Prediction Center WCM PageNOAAOver the past 55 years there has been a large reduction in frequency of stronger tornadoes:There has been no trend in EF-1+ Tornadoes 1954-2014:Historical Records and Trends | National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) formerly known as National Climatic Data Center (NCDC)Paul Homewood, of the excellent climate blog NALOPKT, notes that NOAA has not bothered to update Tornado data for 2015/16. “Could it be they would rather the public did not find out the truth?”Last year may set the record for the least number of Tornadoes on record:http://www.spc.noaa.gov/wcm/#dataIn summary, with an interesting caveat from NOAA:No trend in EF-1+ Tornadoes 1954-2014 tornadoes.Large reduction in frequency of stronger tornadoes over the past 55 years.2016 perhaps a record for the least number of Tornadoes on record.ALL THIS despite rising CO2 and advanced technologies, including doppler radar and greater attention to reporting – Tornado chasers, increased population etc – which can create “a misleading appearance of an increasing trend in tornado frequency.” – NOAA*TROPICAL CYCLONESJamal Munshi of Sonoma State University published this paper last June, A General Linear Model for Trends in Tropical Cyclone Activity:ABSTRACTThe ACE index is used to compare tropical cyclone activity worldwide among seven decades from 1945 to 2014. Some increase in tropical cyclone activity is found relative to the earliest decades. No trend is found after the decade 1965-1974. A comparison of the six cyclone basins in the study shows that the Western Pacific Basin is the most active basin and the North Indian Basin the least. The advantages of using a general linear model for trend analysis are described.A General Linear Model for Trends in Tropical Cyclone Activity by Jamal Munshi :: SSRNAgain, despite rising CO2, there is no trend in tropical cyclone activity after the decade 1965-1974. With a sharp decline in activity over the past two decades.AUSTRALIAN TROPICAL CYCLONESAustralia’s Bureau of Meteorology graph shows a significant downtrend in all tropical storms, with no discernible trend for severe tropical cyclones:Tropical Cyclone Trends | Bureau Of MeteorologyAgain, it’s clear from the BoM graph that as CO2 has increased, the frequency and strength of cyclones has decreased.NB, the (warmist) BoM is still yet to update its cyclone graph from 2011. Are they simply lazy? Have no data since 2011? Or are they trying to hide inconvenient climate data that doesn’t fit the CO2-induced extreme weather narrative? You decide.*SNOWIPCC WRONG AGAINIPCC SAID:“Milder winter temperatures will decrease heavy snowstorms.”Third Assessment Report The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ( IPCC) stated very clearly, Ice Storms 15.2.4.1.2.4.N [NOT HAPPENING]UPDATE (June 2018)THE latest UAH V6.0 May anomaly of +0.18 brings temperatures back to the levels they were at the beginning of the Century, reinforcing the current 18+ year global warming “pause”, despite record and rising CO2 emissions…GLOBAL WARMING THEORY CHECK : Global Temps Continue Century-Record Plunge, Despite Rising Emissions! | ClimatismSnowfall will become “a very rare and exciting event.”“Children just aren’t going to know what snow is.”Dr David Viner – Senior scientist, climatic research unit (CRU)Climate change alarmists (experts) use tangible and emotional climatic horror scenarios to scare you into belief. One of the more classic instances of such fear-mongering, gone horribly wrong, was that by Dr David Viner – esteemed climatologist from the UK’s CRU, in 2000.From the Independent’s most cited article: Snowfalls are now just a thing of the past by Charles Onians:However, the warming is so far manifesting itself more in winters which are less cold than in much hotter summers. According to Dr David Viner, a senior research scientist at the climatic research unit (CRU) of the University of East Anglia,within a few years winter snowfall will become “a very rare and exciting event”.“Children just aren’t going to know what snow is,” he said.As many as 97% of climate scientist went along with the prediction of moderate winters lacking snow.Also of course the world continues to suffer brutal winters with massive snowfall. Mother nature has rebutted the alarmists with aplomb.“First the snow disappears, and then winter.”DietZeitA good example of climate predictions gone awry is in the area of snow.“97%” of venerated ‘scientific’ institutions in concert with the warmist mainstream media were predicting the end of snow…In the beginning the alarmist scientists and politicians like Al Gore and Barack Obama predicted moderate winters without snow.IN 2000, climate expert Dr David Viner of the University of East Anglia’s Climate Research Unit(CRU) assured us that :Snowfall will become “A very rare and exciting event…Children just aren’t going to know what snow is.”Dr David Viner – Senior scientist, climatic research unit (CRU)SNOWFALL Will Become “A Very Rare And Exciting Event…” | ClimatismSnowfalls are now just a thing of the past – The Independent (PDF)IPCC Third Assessment Report – Climate Change 2001 – Complete online versions | GRID-Arendal – Publications – OtherIPCC – Intergovernmental Panel on Climate ChangeThe (warmist) CSIRO jumped on the “end of snow” bandwagon in August 2003:Simulations of future snow conditions in the Australian alpine regions were prepared for the years 2020 and 2050…Conclusion:The low impact scenario for 2020 has a minor impact on snow conditions. Average season lengths are reduced by around five days. Reductions in peak depths are usually less than 10%, but can be larger at lower sites (e.g. Mt Baw Baw and Wellington High Plains).The high impact scenario for 2020 leads to reductions of 30-40 days in average season lengths. At higher sites such as Mt Hotham, this can represent reductions in season duration of about 25%, but at lower sites such as Mt Baw Baw the reduction can be more significant (up to 60%)…We have very high confidence (at least 95%) that the low impact scenarios will be exceeded and the high impact scenarios will not be exceeded.In 2014, the New York Times signalled “The End of Snow”:The End of Snow? – NYTimes.comWRONG MORE WINTER SNOW IS THE REAL WORLDTourists flock to see 52 feet of fresh snow in Japanese Mountains.Brutal record cold winter in Chicago in Feb. 2019.Why is there more bad winter weather year after year? Two major reasons are the decline in solar sunspots ‘activity and the increase in solar albedo.CALIFORNIALast September, New York’s Daily News forecast centuries of global warming drought for California:One of the myriad incorrect assertions by climate-change deniers is that scientists who have proven manmade causes for the current global warming ignore periods of warming in the Earth’s past that were not caused by industrial pollution.Since it’s essentially, and of course ironically, entirely non-scientists who make this claim, the deniers would do well to read a recent UCLA study that indicates California’s current six-year severe drought could be exacerbated enough by global warming to extend the dry period for centuries.Five months later the “Permanent” drought is over and the prediction drowned:California has now seen more moisture in the last 8 weeks than it typically does in an entire year… San Francisco, Sacramento, Los Angeles, and several other cities have recorded one of their wettest Januarys on record and an incredibly wet 8 weeks overall.And for those who desire to claim the recent California floods are “unprecedented” and “extreme”, the below graph shows that inflow to Oroville so far this year is far from unprecedented, with a much greater total in 1997.And we can see from the state rainfall totals that January 2017 was nothing special:HISTORICAL DROUGHT PERSPECTIVEUSA drought during the low-CO2 1930’s:USA drought during 400ppm “unprecedented”-CO2 levels of 2017:Drought – January 2017 | State of the Climate | National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)*For the next few “Extreme Weather/Climate” categories, feel free to click on the links to read government data and peer-reviewed science sourced to unfold any concern(s) you may have…HEATWAVESShock news : Australia has always had heatwaves | ClimatismSEA LEVEL RISENASA “Sea Level Rise” Fraud | Climatism44th Pacific “Sinking Islands” Extortion Forum (COP21 Update 2015) | ClimatismIf Sea Level Rise were such a threat, ask yourself one simple Q: Why would Barack Hussein Obama (spruiker-in-chief of climate change alarmism) purchase the Hawaii seaside mansion where Magnum PI was filmed?While warning us of ‘rising oceans’ in SOTU, did Obama just buy a beachfront mansion? | Watts Up With That?Maybe its because, outside of his eco-pantheist ideology and Leftist, wealth redistribution agenda, Obama too, knows very well that Islands like Hawaii “Shape-shift” i.e. they grow with Sea Level Rise. In fact, 80% of Island nations around the world are growing, not “Sinking” as climate activists and alarmists will have you believe.*RECENT “EXTREME WEATHER” RELATED SCIENTIFIC STUDIESChina’s not so extreme weather study:China’s weather now betterThe biggest study of China’s extreme weather finds the frequency of hail storms, thunderstorms and high wind events has actually halved since 1960.In one of the most comprehensive studies on trends in local severe weather patterns to date, an international team of researchers found that the frequency of hail storms, thunderstorms and high wind events has decreased by nearly 50 percent on average throughout China since 1960…“Most of the data published on trends in severe weather has been incomplete or collected for a limited short period,” said Fuqing Zhang, professor of meteorology and atmospheric science and director, Center for Advanced Data Assimilation and Predictability Techniques, Penn State. “The record we used is, to the best of our knowledge, the largest, both in time scale and area of land covered.”http://www.heraldsun.com.au/blog...When will warmist scientists admit the apocalypse they predicted simply isn’t coming?Oh and just as a side, Al Gore’s “Extreme Weather” poster child sufferers – POLAR BEARS – are doing more than fine…as CO2 rises!*If we rely on the above scientific hard data and peer-reviewed evidence, it should hopefully become clearer that colourless, odourless, plant food and trace gas CO2 – the gas of life – does not control the climate or the weather.*In my opinion if the temperature gradient between the polar regions and tropics were to increase because of polar cooling, expect to see more and genuine extreme weather occurrences. Ergo, has slight global warming since the 1970’s actually decreased the frequency and strength of extreme weather events? The above evidence strongly supports this case. Especially in the case of Northern Hemisphere Hurricanes, Tornadoes and drought.Ironically and to this point, in 1974 climatologists blamed extreme weather on “Global Cooling”.The panic was so real during the “Global Cooling” scare of the 1970’s that UN scientists wanted to melt the Arctic by spreading black soot on it!02 Feb 1972 – Scientists fear for Arctic Sea ice – TroveAnd today, the UN, all those expert climatologists and their sycophant media gleefully blame any extreme weather event, not on “global cooling” but now “global warming”. Nuff said.*TO FINISH. A message, in their own words, from the promulgators of climate change fear, doom and gloom – the UN’s very own IPCC …Direct from their IPCC SREX report released 2012 :“We Do Not Know If The Climate Is Becoming More Extreme”•••THE Great “Extreme Weather” Climate Change Propaganda Con